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1.
骑田岭白腊水锡矿床成因探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
白腊水锡矿是新近发现的一个超大型锡矿床,主要由矽卡岩化破碎带蚀变岩型、蚀变岩体型和斑岩型等类型的锡矿脉组成。通过矿床地质特征、矿物包裹体特征和同位素组成的研究认为:①锡矿的产出严格受断裂构造控制,其中高序次断裂控制着锡矿带的展布,低序次断裂控制着矿脉(体)的分布及其形态、产状等;②由均一法测温得出锡多金属成矿期有3个成矿温度区间;③同位素组成显示成矿物质为深部来源,成矿时代为燕山早期;④矿床应该属严格受断裂构造控制的中-高温热液矿床。 相似文献
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粤东嵩溪银矿形成的区域地质背景、成矿特征及成因 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
嵩溪银矿位于粤东晚古生代梅县-惠阳坳陷带的北段,晚侏罗世陆相火山岩盆地的边缘。区域成矿地质背景研究表明,晚侏罗世是粤东构造岩浆活动最强烈时期,火山岩的原始成岩物质来源于下地壳。地质勘探表明矿体在空间上呈脉状分布于早、中侏罗世的地层中,受断裂构造控制,矿石的结构构造和蚀变的分带性说明矿床具典型的热液矿床特征。矿石的铅同位素组成具壳幔混合铅特征,成矿物质来源于深部岩浆;矿石硫同位素组成和与成矿有关的石英脉的氢氧同位素、方解石脉的碳同位素组成特征,说明成矿热液以岩浆热液为主。根据矿床的矿化蚀变特征和成矿物质、成矿热液来源,结合区域成矿地质背景、矿区周边岩浆岩分布特征和岩浆岩成份及其来源的综合分析,认为嵩溪大型银矿床的形成与晚侏罗世陆相火山作用有关,矿床成因类型为陆相火山岩浆期后热液脉状矿床。 相似文献
3.
云南东南部都龙锡石-硫化物型矿床的成矿特征 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
都龙锡矿床是中国三大锡矿基地之一——滇东南老君山锡、钨多金属成矿区中最大的矿床。矿体产在老君山花岗岩体外接触带寒武纪地层中,属锡石-硫化物型多金属矿床。除产Sn外,还伴生有zn、Ag、Cu、Fe等有用组分。本文通过对成矿物质来源、成矿控制因素和物理、化学条件等方面的研究,对以往的层控观点提出了异议,认为矿床的锡质主要来源于第一期花岗岩,第二期花岗岩与叠加在锡石硫化物矿床之上的铜矿化有关;矿质的运移和沉淀主要受控于断裂、裂隙构造及围岩的岩性;成矿流体以温度高(300—400℃)、盐度低(5.5wt.％NaCl)、密度小(0.9—1.0g/cm~3)及富含挥发组分等为特征;矿床成因类型属岩浆期后高温热液矿床。 相似文献
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江西彭山隐伏锡矿床地质特征及找矿标志 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以矿田区域地质为背景,论述了矿体空间分布、矿床的水平分带、围岩蚀变、矿化类型和矿物组合等地质特征。认为锡的物质来源:一是晚元古代以前的地层存在锡的“矿源层”,二是深部—幔源物质。燕山期花岗岩是锡的“载体”和热源。提出了锡矿床的形成受大地构造、沉积建造及岩浆演化等控制,锡成矿作用是多因素—复合成矿过程。 相似文献
5.
维权银铜多金属矿床位于新疆东天山地区,是具有典型特征的大型银铜多金属矿,大地构造划属觉罗塔格沟弧带中的雅满苏岛弧带。该矿床的地质特征、控矿因素、矿床成因长期存在争议。本次研究建立在多年野外地质勘查的基础上,对矿床的地质特征、控矿因素、矿床成因等进行了系统研究,认为银铜、铅锌矿体均分布于火山碎屑岩中,受地层控制的铅锌矿体被断裂构造控制的银铜矿体所切穿;铅锌矿成矿严格受地层层位控制,主要的蚀变类型为矽卡岩化,为接触交代成因类型,成矿时代为早石炭世晚期;银铜矿体形成于晚石炭世中晚期,矿体就位空间为断裂构造,矿体形态明显受断裂形态和性质所控制,有着明显的矿化边界,即断层面,认为其属岩浆期后远程中低温热液成因,成矿晚于铅锌成矿。 相似文献
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粤北地区钨成矿规律研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
粤北地区钨锡矿床成因类型有三大类,工业类型主要有八种.石英脉型钨锡矿是目前最主要的工业类型,此类矿床不仅可在浅变质碎屑岩、花岗岩中以“五层楼”式产出,而且也可在碳酸盐岩中以“五层楼”式产出.钨锡成矿时期在中侏罗世晚期到早白垩世,晚侏罗世是矿床形成集中期.钨锡矿床沿岩浆岩带分布,均与岩浆作用有关.钨锡矿田沿岩浆岩带分布于... 相似文献
7.
甘肃阳山金矿构造控矿模式 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
阳山金矿位于扬子板块与秦岭造山带结合带上,矿体赋存于泥盆系三河口群浅变质碎屑岩建造中.矿床受地层、构造以及早侏罗世岩浆活动的共同控制,其中构造控制着岩浆、成矿流体的活动以及矿体的就位,为主要控矿因素.该矿床主要受安昌河-观音坝断裂带控制,带内一系列次级层间剪切带或次级断裂是金矿体的有利赋矿部位.成矿年代学研究及矿区构造应力分析表明,阳山金矿最终形成于第三纪早期,成矿前矿区应力以近SN向挤压为主,成矿期以NE向挤压为主,且应力大小与金矿化成正比. 相似文献
8.
湖南锡田钨锡多金属矿床成矿地质特征及成矿模式 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对锡田钨锡多金属矿床地质特征的研究,认为锡田矿区钨锡多金属矿体的形态、产状及空间展布严格受岩体接触带及断裂构造控制;矿床类型主要为矽卡岩型,其次为破碎带蚀变岩型、云英岩型等;钨锡多金属成矿作用与岩浆活动密切相关:印支期花岗岩浆侵位形成矽卡岩型钨锡矿(化)体;燕山期花岗岩浆侵位导致早期矿化矽卡岩发生叠加矿化,同时在构造破碎带中形成云英岩型锡矿或破碎带蚀变岩型钨锡多金属矿体,是形成规模巨大的钨锡多金属工业矿床的必要条件.此外,提出了锡田矿区钨锡多金属矿的成矿模式. 相似文献
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锡在地质过程中表现出亲氧、亲硫和亲铁三重特性。在地幔岩浆过程中,锡是一种中等不相容的金属元素。锡成矿主要与酸性岩浆活动有关,其地球化学性质决定了其成矿主要受源区性质、氧逸度以及挥发分含量、岩浆结晶分异等因素控制。高度结晶分异可使锡在岩浆中进一步富集,是锡成矿相关花岗岩的普遍特征;锡为变价元素,岩浆体系氧逸度影响源区中锡的迁移能力和分离结晶过程中锡的元素行为,还原性岩浆体系有利于锡富集成矿。富含F、Cl和B等挥发组分对锡元素的迁移和富集起积极的作用。全球锡矿床分布与俯冲带关系密切,特提斯和环太平洋构造域是主要蕴藏区。重要的锡成矿事件表现出区域性和阶段性的特征。结合锡的地球化学特性以及锡矿分布特征,我们认为最有利锡成矿的动力学机制是俯冲板片后撤机制。俯冲板片后撤引发深部软流圈地幔上涌,导致强烈的壳幔相互作用,形成低氧逸度、富F、Cl和B等花岗岩,有利于锡成矿。对于华南晚白垩世锡成矿事件,新特提斯洋俯冲板片发生后撤是其成矿地球动力学背景。 相似文献
12.
The Rooiberg tin field, also known as the Rooiberg Fragment, is located within the western lobe of the Bushveld Complex. The fragment is triangular-shaped, consists of early Proterozoic Transvaal Sequence volcano-sedimentary rocks, and is surrounded by granitoid intrusives of the Lebowa Granite Suite. Practically all the significant tin deposits are hosted by arkoses, located towards the transition with shaly arkoses at the stratigraphic top of the Boschoffsberg Quartzite Member. This stratabound distribution of individual deposits gave rise to the concept of a regionally developed continuous stanniferous zone. On regional scale, the individual deposits are broadly similar and are collectively classified as replacement and open space-filling type. Particular styles of mineralization such as tourmaline pockets/orbicules, disseminated cassiterite, steep and flat dipping sulphidic fractures and hydrothermal carbonate breccias appear to dominate each mine. Petrological and geochemical investigations of four mineralized centres, indicated the presence of a 500–600 m thick stratified zone of pervasively altered clastic sedimentary rocks of possible arkosic precursor composition. Alteration displays a distinct zonal distribution consisting of a grey-green sodic (albitized) foot wall, an approximately 80 m transitional sericitized-tourmalinized sulphidic tin zone and red hematitic potassic hanging wall. The observed zonal pattern and localization of economically significant cassiterite, is explained by the evolutionary path of magmatic stanniferous hydrothermal fluids genetically related to the surrounding acid phase of the Bushveld Complex. Areas of high fracture density, the tectonic focal points, acted as conduits for the ascending reactive fluids. Factors such as fluid-lithostatic pressure equilibration, limited fracture evolution and/or impermeable shaly arkose retarded this ascent. As a result accumulation, lateral spreading of fluid and pervasive alteration occurred over a broad stratified front. Lateral overlapping of these fronts creates the impression of a continuous tin zone. Abundance of geochemical common denominators between the various focal points (mines) supports a shared composition and source for these contemporaneous fluids. 相似文献
13.
Shao-Cong Chen Jin-Jie Yu Min-Feng Bi Bernd Lehmann 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2022,82(1):125856
It remains poorly constrained whether remobilization of Sn from granites and prograde skarns plays an essential role in forming economic (skarn-type) tin mineralization. Using both electron probe microanalysis and laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry methods, in-situ Sn contents, as well as major elements, were analyzed for numerous silicates and magnetite from fresh granite, altered granite, and skarn at the large Furong Sn deposit (530,000 t Sn @ 0.8% Sn) in the Nanling Range, South China. Hornblende and biotite in fresh granite are the main Sn-bearing phases (Sn = 44–321 ppm), while plagioclase and K-feldspar are poor in Sn (< 5 ppm). In altered granite, tin is hosted mainly by hydrothermal muscovite (299–583 ppm) replacing plagioclase, but rarely by chlorite (mostly <10 ppm) replacing hornblende and biotite. In contrast, most silicates (garnet, diopside, vesuvianite, pargasite and epidote) and magnetite from tin skarn are Sn-rich (47–44,241 ppm), except for Sn-poor phlogopite and scapolite (< 10 ppm). In particular, garnet, pargasite, and epidote reach tin concentrations in the percent range. Tin generally enters the stannous silicates and magnetite through substitutions for octahedral Alvi and Fe3+. Comparisons of Sn contents between magmatic and hydrothermal minerals in granite, prograde and retrograde minerals related to tin skarn indicate that remobilization of Sn from granite and prograde skarn is not a pre-requisite to form tin mineralization. 相似文献
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A. Hall 《Mineralium Deposita》1990,25(1):1-6
The exposed crust of the Cornubian massif in S.W. England has been systematically sampled, and the rocks analysed for a wide range of major and trace elements. Geochemically this region is highly anomalous, with three elements (boron, lithium, tin) occurring at levels several times higher than the average for other parts of the continental crust. The greatest degree of enrichment is found in the rocks of the Cornubian granite batholith, but it is also present in rocks pre-dating the formation of the batholith. The mineral deposits of Cornubia derive their trace elements from different sources: B and Sn from the granite, and Cu and S from the country rocks. 相似文献
15.
Wang Chengfa 《中国地球化学学报》1986,5(4):391-400
Two zoning patterns in tin deposits are proposed according to geochemical environments.
- Acidic zoning pattern is characteristic of tin deposits associated with sialic rocks and tin-bearing veins in carbonate rocks. Six zones may be recognized from the granite mass outwards: (1) Nb?Ta?(Li?Be?Mo), (2) Sn, (3) W?(Sn), (4) Cu?Pb?Zn?(Bi), (5) Sb?Hg, and (6) Au?Ag. This kind of zoning is related with the temperature difference involved in the deposition of various ore minerals in an acidic (or neutral) geochemical enviroment. From the granite outwards, the temperature decreases gradually with increasing distance from the heat source.
- Alkaline zoning pattern is typical of tin deposits occurring in calcareous and magnesian carbonate rocks. Three zones can be recognized from the granite mass outwards: (1) Cu?Zn?Bi, (2) Sn, and (3) Fe?Pb?Zn?Cu. A calcium-and magnesium-rich alkaline environment is responsible for this zoning pattern. In this case the normal sequence of mineral formation will be greatly changed owing to neutralization when an acidic ore-forming solution enters the alkaline environment.
16.
Boron in the Bolivian tin belt 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
B. Lehmann A. Dietrich J. Heinhorst N. Métrich M. Mosbah C. Palacios H. -J. Schneider A. Wallianos J. Webster L. Winkelmann 《Mineralium Deposita》2000,35(2-3):223-232
Tourmaline alteration and high boron contents are typical features of the magmatic-hydrothermal systems of the Bolivian tin
province. The average boron content in melt inclusions of quartz phenocrysts from tin porphyry systems is 225 ppm (1σ-variation
range: 110–420 ppm; n=12) and suggests a magmatic boron input to the hydrothermal tin systems, and not shallow post-magmatic leaching of boron
from pelitic country rocks. Boron data from melt inclusions correlate positively with cesium, rubidium and arsenic, and negatively
with lithium, titanium and zirconium, and define magmatic fractionation trends. The generally high B, As, Cs and Li contents
in melt inclusions suggest involvement of pelitic source lithologies undepleted in these fluid-mobile components, i.e. first-cycle
metamorphic rocks. Magmatic fractionation modified the trace-element contents within a one-log-unit range. Bulk-rock Nd isotope
data (ɛNd−5 to −10) are in agreement with the dominantly intracrustal geochemical signature of the Bolivian tin porphyry systems, but
also imply a variable but minor mantle input. The metallogeny of the tin belt is likely a consequence of intracrustal melting
of Lower Paleozoic pelitic and slightly carbonaceous source material, combined with an extended magmatic evolution. The long-lived
thermal preparation of the root zones of the silicic systems is provided by mafic magma which also leaves a chemical imprint
in the form of the hybrid dacitic bulk composition of the tin porphyry systems.
Received: 6 August 1998 / Accepted: 19 August 1999 相似文献
17.
Strong tin enrichment in a pegmatite-forming melt 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
To investigate processes of magmatic tin enrichment and cassiterite deposition, we studied the abundances of major, trace,
and volatile elements in a large number of rehomogenized silicate melt inclusions in quartz and topaz from a pegmatite body
at the Ehrenfriedersdorf Sn–W deposit. This deposit is associated with evolved Variscan granites of the central Erzgebirge,
southeast Germany. The melt inclusions are peraluminous; the molar aluminum saturation index (ASI) ranges from 1.15 to 2.0,
and many inclusions are characterized by a very high content of fluxing components and volatiles. Some inclusions contain
more than 20 wt% of H2O, F, Cl, and P2O5, plus Li as well as very high levels of Sn. Some rare, highly evolved fractions of late-stage pegmatite-forming liquid at
Ehrenfriedersdorf contained up to 7000 ppm Sn. The presence of hydrogen and methane in addition to water and carbon dioxide
in the vapor phase of the melt inclusions suggests a very low oxygen fugacity for some fractions of magma. The extreme levels
of tin, volatiles, and fluxing components in this magma had an important influence on processes of melt movement and cassiterite
precipitation. Melts, like these, that are high in volatiles and alkalis (sum of Li2O, Na2O, K2O, Rb2O, and Cs2O is >8 wt%) have low densities (≤1.8 g/cm3), low viscosities (<10 Pa.s at 700 °C), facilitate relatively rapid diffusion of ions through melts, and hence are excellent
solvents for extracting and transporting ore-forming elements.
Received: 1 February 1999 / Accepted: 19 January 2000 相似文献
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芙蓉锡矿田骑田岭花岗岩黑云母矿物化学组成及其对锡成矿的指示意义 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
芙蓉锡矿田骑田岭复式岩体主要由早阶段角闪石黑云母花岗岩和晚阶段黑云母花岗岩组成.电子探针分析结果表明角闪石黑云母花岗岩中的黑云母属于铁黑云母,黑云母花岗岩中的黑云母属于铁叶云母.相对于黑云母花岗岩,角闪石黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的MgO、TiO2含量偏高,Al2O3含量偏低.矿物化学研究结果显示,角闪石黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的结晶温度、氧逸度(logfO2)分别为680℃～740℃、-16.00～-15.31,黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的结晶温度、氧逸度分别为530℃～650℃、-19.20～-17.50.从角闪石黑云母花岗岩到黑云母花岗岩,岩浆结晶温度和氧逸度逐渐降低.与花岗岩有关的共存流体性质的研究发现,与角闪石黑云母花岗岩共存的热液流体log(fH2O/fHF)fluid,log(fH2O/fHCl)fluid,log(fHF/fHCl)fiuid值分别为4.22～4.39,2.78～3.24,-1.82～-1.73,而与黑云母花岗岩共存的热液流体log(fH2O/fHF)fluid,log(fH2OfHCl)fluid,log(fHF/fHCl)fluid值分别为3.27～3.53,2.85～3.22,-0.75～-0.22,可见与两种岩石类型共存热液流体的性质存在明显差异,且热液中Cl、Sn含量变化与岩浆结晶分异指数呈正相关关系.骑田岭岩体从角闪石黑云母花岗岩到黑云母花岗岩,随着岩浆的演化.岩浆结晶期后分异出的热液流体向富Cl和Sn方向演化.芙蓉锡矿田的成矿流体应主要来源于黑云母花岗岩岩浆结晶期后分异出的岩浆热液. 相似文献
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锡矿床全球空间分布高度不均,成矿与花岗岩密切相关,对花岗岩Sn成矿作用的研究受到学界高度重视。准确示踪岩浆源区和精细刻画岩浆演化过程对理解花岗岩与对Sn成矿之间的关系十分关键。磷灰石作为花岗岩类岩石中常见的副矿物,其化学组成在示踪花岗岩岩浆源区和成岩过程方面有独特优势。本文对滇西腾冲-梁河锡矿带具有代表性的小龙河锡矿床,对矿区内的花岗岩展开磷灰石原位化学成分分析。研究结果表明,小龙河锡矿区的花岗岩为一套高分异花岗岩,显示A型花岗岩特征,主要源于地壳物质熔融,花岗岩形成于相对还原的环境,富F且含有一定量的Cl元素。上述岩石地球化学特征有利于花岗岩浆演化过程中Sn的富集和迁移,说明磷灰石的成分特征可以很好地指示花岗岩浆的成因、演化及其物理化学条件,能有效评价花岗岩的Sn成矿能力。 相似文献