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1.
孙渺  陈伟  曲晓明  马旭东  丁吉顺 《地球科学》2018,43(9):3234-3251
江巴组火山岩是西藏雄梅地区近年来发现的火山岩,但其岩石成因尚不明确.通过开展系统的岩相学、地球化学、同位素定年示踪研究,结果表明英安质火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄为85.1±1.0 Ma,为晚白垩世.安山质和英安质火山岩显示出明显的埃达克质岩特征,主量元素显示出较高的SiO2和Al2O3含量及Mg#值;稀土元素整体呈轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素强烈亏损,轻重稀土元素分异明显,（La/Yb）N值较高,无明显Eu异常;微量元素具有明显的高Sr,低Y、Yb和高Sr/Y值,相对富集Th、Zr和Hf,亏损Nb、Ta和Ti的特点;英安质火山岩锆石εHf（t）值均为正值,在+2.7~+7.1之间,指示有亏损地幔物质参与成岩作用;以上表明安山质和英安质火山岩可能形成于加厚新生下地壳拆沉的部分熔融并有亏损地幔物质的加入.流纹质火山岩具相对低的MgO、TiO2含量;LREEs富集、HREEs亏损,但轻重稀土元素分馏明显较安山质和英安质火山岩弱,微量元素富集Rb、Th和K,强烈亏损Eu,Sr,Ba,P和Ti,明显的负Eu异常,表明流纹质火山岩为地壳发生深熔而形成.综合对比江巴组火山岩的地球化学性质,表明班公湖-怒江缝合带中段昂龙岗日-班戈弧地区在晚白垩世期间存在一期板内加厚下地壳拆沉减薄事件.   相似文献   

2.
New geochemical and isotopic data for post-collisional Early Eocene and Late Miocene adakitic rocks from the eastern part of the Sakarya Zone, Turkey, indicate that slab and lower crustal melting, respectively, played key roles in the petrogenesis of these rocks. The Early Eocene Yoncal?k dacite (54.4 Ma) exhibits high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios, low Y and HREE concentrations, moderate Mg# (44–65), and relatively high εNd and low ISr values, similar to adakites formed by slab melting associated with subduction. Geochemical composition of the Yoncal?k dacite cannot be explained by simple crystal fractionation and/or crustal contamination of andesitic parent magma, but is consistent with the participation of different proportions of melts derived from subducted basalt and sediments. Sr/Y correlates horizontally with Rb/Y, and Pb/Nd correlates vertically with Nd isotopic composition, indicating that Sr and Pb budgets are strongly controlled by melt addition from the subducting slab, whereas positive correlations between Th/Nd and Pb/Nd, and Rb/Y and Nb/Y point to some contribution of sediment melt. In addition to low concentrations of heavy rare earth elements (~2–3 times chondrite), a systematic decrease in their concentrations and Nb/Ta ratios with increasing SiO2 contents suggests that slab partial melting occurred in the garnet stability field and that these elements were mobilized by fluid flux. These geochemical and isotopic signatures are best explained by slab breakoff and fusion shortly after the initiation of collision. Although the Late Micone Tavda?? rhyolite (8.75 Ma) has some geochemical features identical to adakites, such as high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios, low Y and HREE concentrations, other requirements, such as sodic andesite and/or dacite with relatively high MgO and Mg# (>50), relatively high Ni and Cr, low K2O/Na2O (<0.4), high Sr (>400 ppm), for slab-derived adakites are not provided. It is sodic in composition and shows no traces of fractionation from dacitic parent magma. Low Nd and high Sr isotope ratios suggest derivation by partial fusion of calc-alkaline, juvenile crust with high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios.  相似文献   

3.
查布复式花岗质岩体位于冈底斯岩浆岩带中段,出露面积约400 km2。文章报道了该岩体浅成相黑云母二长花岗斑岩和次火山岩相英安斑岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成,据此探讨了岩石的成因及其所蕴含的地质意义。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,它们的成岩年龄为13~16 Ma,属中新世时期岩浆活动的产物。地球化学组成上,这套岩石为高钾钙碱性、准铝质—弱过铝质,富集轻稀土和Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,Cr、Ni的含量低,缺乏显著铕负异常,并具有高Sr和低Y、Yb含量,以及高的Sr/Y及(La/Yb)N比值,可归之为埃达克质岩石。它们的(87Sr/86Sr)i 比值偏高（=0.706347~0.707584）,εNd(t)值明显偏低（=-4.15~-7.33）,并具有散布于负值到正值之间的锆石εHf(t)值（=-5.99~7.78）。综合分析表明,中新世时期印度陆壳已俯冲至拉萨地块之下,查布埃达克质岩形成于后碰撞的伸展背景,应为增厚的初生镁铁质下地壳部分熔融岩浆与深俯冲而进入拉萨地块之下的印度古老地壳组分经混合作用的产物。  相似文献   

4.
俯冲陆壳部分熔融形成埃达克质岩浆   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
在岛弧背景,埃达克质岩浆形成于俯冲洋壳板片的部分熔融已得到共识,但在大陆碰撞背景,埃达克质岩浆是否形成于俯冲陆壳的部分熔融尚未有研究报导。对祁连山东南部关山花岗岩（229 Ma）的地球化学和岩石成因研究提供了俯冲陆壳部分熔融形成埃达克质岩浆的一个实例。关山花岗岩以高K（K2O=4.12%~5.16%,K2O/Na2O=0.97~1.64）、高Sr/Y比值（13.6~84.1）、低Y （6.8×10-6 ~15.7×10-6 ）和低HREE（eg. Yb=0.62×10-6~1.31×10-6）为特征,并具有强分异的稀土元素组成模式[（La/Yb）N=17.5~41.6]和演化的Sr-Nd同位素组成[初始87Sr/86Sr=0.70587~0.70714, εNd（t）=-10.9~-5.16, tDM=1.10~1.49 Ga]。这些地球化学特征表明关山花岗岩属于大陆型（C型）埃达克质岩石,而明显不同于俯冲洋壳板片或底侵玄武质下地壳部分熔融形成的埃达克岩。关山花岗岩Pb-Sr-Nd同位素组成与商丹断裂北侧的祁连山前寒武纪基底岩石、早古生代火山岩和花岗岩类存在显著差异,但类似于商丹断裂南侧秦岭早中生代花岗岩类的Pb-Sr-Nd同位素组成,由此认为具有埃达克质的关山花岗岩的岩浆来自于南部俯冲陆壳物质的部分熔融,并提出了大陆碰撞背景中埃达克质岩浆产生的一个新的地质模型。  相似文献   

5.
In the Northern Andes of Ecuador, a broad Quaternary volcanic arc with significant across-arc geochemical changes sits upon continental crust consisting of accreted oceanic and continental terranes. Quaternary volcanic centers occur, from west to east, along the Western Cordillera (frontal arc), in the Inter-Andean Depression and along the Eastern Cordillera (main arc), and in the Sub-Andean Zone (back-arc). The adakite-like signatures of the frontal and main arc volcanoes have been interpreted either as the result of slab melting plus subsequent slab melt–mantle interactions or of lower crustal melting, fractional crystallization, and assimilation processes. In this paper, we present petrographic, geochemical, and isotopic (Sr, Nd, Pb) data on dominantly andesitic to dacitic volcanic rocks as well as crustal xenolith and cumulate samples from five volcanic centers (Pululagua, Pichincha, Ilalo, Chacana, Sumaco) forming a NW–SE transect at about 0° latitude and encompassing the frontal (Pululagua, Pichincha), main (Ilalo, Chacana), and back-arc (Sumaco) chains. All rocks display typical subduction-related geochemical signatures, such as Nb and Ta negative anomalies and LILE enrichment. They show a relative depletion of fluid-mobile elements and a general increase in incompatible elements from the front to the back-arc suggesting derivation from progressively lower degrees of partial melting of the mantle wedge induced by decreasing amounts of fluids released from the slab. We observe widespread petrographic evidence of interaction of primary melts with mafic xenoliths as well as with clinopyroxene- and/or amphibole-bearing cumulates and of magma mixing at all frontal and main arc volcanic centers. Within each volcanic center, rocks display correlations between evolution indices and radiogenic isotopes, although absolute variations of radiogenic isotopes are small and their values are overall rather primitive (e.g., εNd = +1.5 to +6, 87Sr/86Sr = 0.7040–0.70435). Rare earth element patterns are characterized by variably fractionated light to heavy REE (La/YbN = 5.7–34) and by the absence of Eu negative anomalies suggesting evolution of these rocks with limited plagioclase fractionation. We interpret the petrographic, geochemical, and isotopic data as indicating open-system evolution at all volcanic centers characterized by fractional crystallization and magma mixing processes at different lower- to mid-crustal levels as well as by assimilation of mafic lower crust and/or its partial melts. Thus, we propose that the adakite-like signatures of Ecuadorian rocks (e.g., high Sr/Y and La/Yb values) are primarily the result of lower- to mid-crustal processing of mantle-derived melts, rather than of slab melts and slab melt–mantle interactions. The isotopic signatures of the least evolved adakite-like rocks of the active and recent volcanoes are the same as those of Tertiary ”normal” calc-alkaline magmatic rocks of Ecuador suggesting that the source of the magma did not change through time. What changed was the depth of magmatic evolution, probably as a consequence of increased compression induced by the stronger coupling between the subducting and overriding plates associated with subduction of the aseismic Carnegie Ridge.  相似文献   

6.
Abstract. The late Jurassic Tongshankou and Yinzu plutons in southeast Hubei have been investigated for their contrasting metal mineralization features. The former is closely associated with porphyry Cu‐Mo mineralization, while the latter is barren of metal mineralization, althouth both are located very close to each other. The Tongshankou granodiorite porphyries and the Yinzu granodiorites are geochemically similar to adakites, e.g., high Al2O3 and Sr contents and La/Yb and Sr/Y ratios, enriched in Na2O, depleted in Y and Yb, very weak Eu anomalies and positive Sr anomalies. However, different geochemi‐cal characteristics exist between the two plutons: the Tongshankou adakitic rocks (1) are relatively enriched in SiO2, K2O, MgO, Cr, Ni, and Sr and depleted in Y and Yb; (2) have higher degree REE differentiation; (3) have positive Eu anomalies in contrast with very weak negative or unclear Eu anomalies in the Yinzu rocks; and (4) isotopically have relatively higher ePNd(t) values (‐5.19 to ‐5.38) and lower initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7060 to 0.7062), while the Yinzu adakitic rocks have relatively lower ePNd(t) values (‐7.22 to ‐8.67) and higher initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7065 to 0.7074). The trace element and isotopic data demonstrate that the Tongshankou adakitic rocks were most probably originated from partial melting of delaminated lower crust with garnet being the main residual mineral whereas little or no plagioclase in the source. On the contrary, the Yinzu adakitic rocks were likely derived from partial melting of thickened lower crust, with residual garnet and a small quantity of plagioclase and hornblende in the source. Interactions between the adakitic magmas and mantle peridotites possibly took place during the ascent of the Tongshankou adakitic magmas through the mantle, considering that MgO, Cr, and Ni contents and ePNd(t) values of the adakitic magmas were possibly elevated and initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios were possibly lowered due to the contamination of mantle peridotites. In addition, the Fe2O3 of the adakitic magmas was likely released into the mantle and the oxygen fugacities (?o2) of the latter were obviously possibly raised, which made metallic sulfide in the mantle oxidized and the chalcophile elements such as Cu were incorporated into the adakitic magmas. The ascent of the adakitic magmas enriched in Cu and Mo will lead to the formation of porphyry Cu‐Mo deposit. Nevertheless, the Yinzu adakitic magmas were possibly lack of metallogenetic materials due to not interacting with mantle peridotite, and thus unfavorable to metal mineralization.  相似文献   

7.
The Neogene–Quaternary volcanic products, related to Arabian and Anatolian Plate collision along the Bitlis Suture Zone, cover wide areas on both plates. One of these volcanic exposures on the Arabian Plate is the Kepez volcanic complex (KVC). This study aims explain to petrogenesis of KVC. Although some examples display alkaline affinities, the majority of the volcanic rock is calc-alkaline and can be defined in three main groups. 40Ar/39Ar data obtained from dacite, basalt and andesite rock groups within the KVC yield ages of between 13.5 and 15.5 Ma. Geochemical and petrographical data show that the andesitic rocks are products of homogeneous mixing between basic end-member magmas and dacitic magmas which are the products of partial melting of lower crustal compositions. Basaltic products of KVC are asthenospheric mantle derived, while dacitic and andesitic volcanic rocks are crustal origin. High Sr and Nd isotope ratios may indicate that andesitic and dacitic rocks originated from continental crust. The lithospheric mantle, which is subducting underneath the Anatolian plate, must have experienced slab break-off processes 13–15 million years ago and sunk into the asthenosphere. KVC were produced with the collision between Arabian and Anatolian Plates and related uplift of the East Anatolia region.  相似文献   

8.
Subduction-related Quaternary volcanic rocks from Solander and Little Solander Islands, south of mainland New Zealand, are porphyritic trachyandesites and andesites (58.20–62.19 wt% SiO2) with phenocrysts of amphibole, plagioclase and biotite. The Solander and Little Solander rocks are incompatible element enriched (e.g. Sr ~931–2,270 ppm, Ba ~619–798 ppm, Th ~8.7–21.4 ppm and La ~24.3–97.2 ppm) with MORB-like Sr and Nd isotopic signatures. Isotopically similar quench-textured enclaves reflect mixing with intermediate (basaltic-andesite) magmas. The Solander rocks have geochemical affinities with adakites (e.g. high Sr/Y and low Y), whose origin is often attributed to partial melting of subducted oceanic crust. Solander sits on isotopically distinct continental crust, thus excluding partial melting of the lower crust in the genesis of the magmas. Furthermore, the incompatible element enrichments of the Solander rocks are inconsistent with partial melting of newly underplated mafic lower crust; reproduction of their major element compositions would require unrealistically high degrees of partial melting. A similar argument precludes partial melting of the subducting oceanic crust and the inability to match the observed trace element patterns in the presence of residual garnet or plagioclase. Alternatively, an enriched end member of depleted MORB mantle source is inferred from Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions, trace element enrichments and εHf ? 0 CHUR in detrital zircons, sourced from the volcanics. 10Be and Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic systematics are inconsistent with significant sediment involvement in the source region. The trace element enrichments and MORB-like Sr and Nd isotopic characteristics of the Solander rocks require a strong fractionation mechanism to impart the high incompatible element concentrations and subduction-related (e.g. high LILE/HFSE) geochemical signatures of the Solander magmas. Trace element modelling shows that this can be achieved by very low degrees of melting of a peridotitic source enriched by the addition of a slab-derived melt. Subsequent open-system fractionation, involving a key role for mafic magma recharge, resulted in the evolved andesitic adakites.  相似文献   

9.
This paper reports new geochemical data including zircon U-Pb ages with Hf isotopic data, whole -rock major and trace isotopic compositions for the Early Cretaceous magmatic rocks in the northeastern North China Craton ( NCC), with the purpose of constraining its petrogenesis and tectonic setting. It also provides a basis for further discussion on the formation and evolution of the lithosphere in the northeastern NCC during the Late Mesozoic. Zircons in the Xinglin granite porphyry, Hongtuya andesitic crystal tuff and Jiangyuan rhyolitic breccia-bearing crystal-lithic tuff all show magmatic origin. Zircon U-Pb dating yield age are 130 +/- 1Ma, 128 +/- 1Ma and 120 +/- 1Ma, respectively. The Xinglin granite porphyry and the Hongtuya andesitic crystal tuff have high content of SiO2, Al2O3 Sr, high Na2O/K2O, Sr/Y and ( La/Yb)(N) ratios. In addition, they exhibit low Y and Yb. They are enriched in LILE ( e. g., Ba, Th and U), depleted in HFSE ( e. g., Nb, Ti and P) with weak negative Eu anomalies (delta Eu =0. 82 similar to 0. 94), showing they are typical of adakitic rocks. The Xinglin granite porphyry has high content of total -alkali, low content of TiO2, characterized by peraluminous-weakly peraluminous granite A/CNK = 1. 06 similar to 1. 14, the zircon saturated temperature values of 798 similar to 815 degrees C and a distribution pattern of LREE enrichment with incline to the right, which indicates it is I -type granite. The zircon ( t) values in the Xinglin granite porphyry ranged 17. 96 0. 19, and the two -stage model ages yield t(DM2) = 1197 similar to 2313Ma, which imply that the Xinglin granite porphyry is derived from partial melting of the thickened mafic lower crust of Paleoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic. The zircon epsilon(Hf)( t) values in the Hongtuya andesitic crystal tuff ranged 3. 37 similar to 5. 47, and the two -stage model ages yield t(DM2) = 830 similar to 967Ma, indicating that the Hongtuya andesitic crystal tuff is a metasomatism product of the Neoproterozoic delaminated eclogite lower crust partial melting and mantle peridotite. Combined with the epsilon(Hf)( t) values in the Jiangyuan rhyolitic breccia-bearing crystal-lithic tuff ranged 2. 69 1. 00, and the two -stage model ages yield t(DM2) = 1115 similar to 1349Ma, we conclude that the epsilon(Hf)( t) values of magmatic rocks are heterogeneous in the southern Jilin Province, and the magmatic source area is characterized by multi -component origin, including both ancient crust and juvenile crust. We supposed that there were two accretion evolution events in the continental crust of the northeastern NCC during Proterozoic. Comprehensive studies have shown that subduction and slab roll -back of the Paleo-Pacific plate ( Izanagi) led to the thickened the northeastern NCC being in an extensional tectonic setting during the Early Cretaceous, and the destruction of the northeastern NCC by delamination occurred spatially from west to east. The partial melting of delaminated lower continental crust resulted in a wide distribution of adakitic rocks.  相似文献   

10.
正长岩以及富碱的石英二长岩常常被认为起源于富集地幔的熔融。本文报道了起源于增厚陆壳熔融的石英二长岩。雀莫错岩体是分布在羌塘北部(青藏高原中部)的雀莫错(湖)东北部雀莫山上的一个侵入体,前人认为其由正长斑岩组成,形成时代不确定(45~23 Ma)。近期,我们对该侵入体进行了详细的野外地质调查和室内岩石学、地球化学以及年代学研究。雀莫错侵入岩主要由石英二长岩组成,激光锆石U-Pb测年显示,该岩体的侵位时代为始新世(41.71±0.29 Ma),与区域上大面积始新世火山岩同期。雀莫错侵入岩高硅(SiO_2=65.12%~66.71%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=9.08%~9.71%)、富钾(K_2O=5.50%~5.92%)和高铝(Al_2O_314.79%),同时高Sr(1874~2001μg/g),亏损重稀土Yb(1.24~1.34μg/g)和Y(14.4~15.7μg/g),高Sr/Y(124~136)和La/Yb(67~74)比值,富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs),亏损高场强元素(HFSEs),具有不明显的Eu负异常、Sr正异常和略高的Mg~#(47~56),与区域上大面积的同期埃达克质火山岩类似。岩石具有非常均一的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i同位素比值(~0.7069)和ε_(Nd)(t)值(-2.6~-2.8)。结合区域地质、岩石和构造资料,认为雀莫错侵入岩形成于印度-欧亚大陆汇聚诱发的高原中部挤压阶段:挤压导致陆内俯冲,俯冲地壳发生部分熔融,岩浆在上升的过程中与地幔橄榄岩发生小规模反应,然后岩浆上升侵位形成了该区侵入岩。  相似文献   

11.
The present-day North Chilean Coastal Cordillera between 18°30′S and 22°S records an important part of the magmatic evolution of the Central Andes during the Jurassic. Calc-alkaline to subordinate tholeiitic members from four rock groups with biostratigraphically constrained age display incompatible element pattern characteristic of convergent plate-margin volcanism, whereas alkaline basalts of one group occurring in the Precordillera show OIB-type trace element signatures. The correlation of biostratigraphic ages, regional distribution, and composition of the volcanic rocks provides a basis for the discussion on geochemical evolution and isotope ratios.Major and trace element distributions of the volcanic rocks indicate their derivation from mantle-derived melts. LILE and LREE enrichments in calc-alkaline basaltic andesites to dacites and some of the tholeiites hint at the involvement of hydrous fluids during melting and mobile element transport processes. A part of the Early Bajocian to ?Lower Jurassic and Oxfordian andesites and dacites are adakite-like rocks with a substantial participation of slab melt and are characterized by high Sr/Y ratios and low HREE contents. The Middle Jurassic tholeiitic and calc-alkaline basalts and basaltic andesites have been transported and partly stored within a system of deep-seated feeder fissures and crustal strike-slip faults before eruption.The isotopic composition of Sr (87Sr/86Sri=0.7032-0.7056) and Nd (εNdi=2.2-7.1) of the Jurassic volcanic rocks mostly fall in the range characteristic for mantle melts although some crustal components may have been involved. A few samples show slightly more radiogenic Sr isotopic composition, which is probably due to interaction with ancient sea-water. The Pb isotopic composition of the arc rocks is uncoupled from the isotopic composition of Sr and Nd and is dominated by the crustal component. Since the Cretaceous and Modern arc volcanic rocks show Pb isotopic compositions that can be largely explained by in situ Pb isotope growth of Jurassic arc volcanic rocks, we argue that the various Andean arc systems between 18°30′S and 22°S formed on the same type of basement.Most of the investigated samples have high Ba, Zr, and Th concentrations compared to island arc mafic volcanic rocks. About 20% of the Jurassic arc volcanics comprise of dacitic to rhyolitic rocks. These characteristics combined with the Pb isotopic composition that shows the influence of a Palaeozoic (or partly older) basement point to a continental margin setting for the North Chilean Jurassic arc. The distribution of the magmatic rocks throughout time, their textures, and the character of intercalated sedimentary rocks reflect westward movement of the magma sources and of the arc/back-arc boundary relative to the current coast line during the Early Bajocian on a broad front between 19°30′ and 21°S.  相似文献   

12.
Whole-rock geochemical data on basaltic to rhyolitic samplesfrom 12 volcanic centers are used to constrain the role of continentalcrust in the genesis of magmas formed beneath the anomalouslywide subduction-related volcanic arc in Ecuador. Relativelyhomogeneous, mantle-like, isotopic compositions across the arcimply that the parental magmas in Ecuador were produced largelywithin the mantle wedge above the subduction zone and not byextensive melting of crustal rocks similar to those upon whichthe volcanoes were built. Cross-arc changes in 143Nd/144Nd and7/4Pb are interpreted to result from assimilation of geochemicallymature continental crust, especially in the main arc area, 330–360km from the trench. Mixing calculations limit the quantity ofassimilated crust to less than 10%. Most andesites and dacitesin Ecuador have adakite-like trace element characteristics (e.g.Y <18 ppm, Yb <2 ppm, La/Yb >20, Sr/Y >40). Availablewhole-rock data do not provide a clear basis for distinguishingbetween slab-melting and deep crustal fractionation models forthe genesis of Ecuador adakites; published data highlightinggeochemical evolution within individual volcanoes, and in magmaticrocks produced throughout Ecuador since the Eocene, appear tosupport the deep fractionation model for the genesis of mostevolved Ecuadoran lavas. A subset of andesites, which displaya combination of high Sr (>900 ppm), Nd >4·1 and7/4Pb <6·0, appear to be the best candidates amongEcuador lavas for slab-melts associated with the subductionof the relatively young, over-thickened, oceanic crust of theCarnegie Ridge. KEY WORDS: andesite; Ecuador; trace elements; isotopes; adakite  相似文献   

13.
青藏高原新生代埃达克质岩的厘定及其意义   总被引：34，自引：2，他引：34  
赖绍聪 《地学前缘》2003,10(4):407-415
常量、微量及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素研究表明,青藏高原藏北石水河—浩波湖—多格错仁北部分布的一套新近纪(9.4～26.9 Ma)安山质-英安质-流纹质火山岩具有埃达克岩的地球化学特征。岩石ω(SiO_2)>58％,ω(Sr)>350×10~(-6),低Y和Yb,高La/Yb比,无铕异常。岩石N(~(87)Sr)/N(~(86)Sr)=0.706 365～0.708 156,N(~(208)Pb)/N(~(204)Pb)=38.955～39.052,N(~(207)Pb)/N(~(204)Pb)=15.651～15.672,N(~(206)Pb)/N(~(204)Pb)=18.679～18.839,N(~(143)Nd)/N(~(144)Nd)=0.512 411～0.512 535,ε(Nd)=—2.01～—4.43,充分表明它们为一套典型的壳源中酸性火山岩系,源自高原加厚陆壳下部的一个榴辉岩质源区的部分熔融。  相似文献   

14.
The closure of Paleo-Asian Ocean is considered to have occurred along the Solonker Suture in the southernmost segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), the largest Phanerozoic accretionary orogen on the globe. The suture branches to the east to form the northern Hegenshan–Heihe Suture and the southern Solonker–Changchun Suture. The Hegenshan–Heihe Suture is an ideal natural laboratory for studying the post-collisional geodynamic processes operating in a soft collision zone driven by divergent double-sided subduction. Here we report results from an integrated study of the petrology, geochronology, geochemistry, and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic compositions of the Early Carboniferous–Early Permian magmatic suite in the Hailar Basin of the Xing’an–Erguna Block. The Early Carboniferous igneous rocks are represented by 356–349 Ma andesitic tuffs, exhibiting typical subduction-related features, such as enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements and depletion in high-field-strength elements. These features, together with the relatively depleted Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic compositions, constant Nb/Y values, but highly variable Rb/Y and Ba values indicate that these rocks were generated by partial melting of a depleted mantle wedge metasomatized by slab-derived fluids. The Late Carboniferous–Early Permian magmatic suite (317–295 Ma) is characterized by high Sr contents (313–1080 ppm) and low Y contents (5–13 ppm), and these can be subdivided into calc-alkaline adakitic rocks and high-K calc-alkaline adakitic rocks. The calc-alkaline adakitic rocks have higher values of Sr/Y, (Sm/Yb)source normalized, and Mg#, and lower values of Y, Ybsource normalized, and K2O/Na2O than the high-K calc-alkaline adakitic rocks, which suggests that the former was generated by partial melting of foundered lower continental crust and the latter by partial melting of normal lower continental crust. Based on our new data, in conjunction with those in previous studies, we conclude that the tectonic evolution of the Hegenshan–Heihe Suture involved Early Carboniferous double-sided subduction of the Nenjiang Ocean, latest Early Carboniferous soft collision between the Xing’an–Erguna and Songliao blocks, and Late Carboniferous–Early Permian post-collisional extension. We also propose a new geodynamic scenario in which removal of the lithospheric root might have occurred in a soft collision zone during the post-collision period via repeated and localized lithospheric dripping, which results from combined effects of hydration weakening of the lithosphere caused by pre-collision subduction and asthenospheric stirring triggered by slab break-off.  相似文献   

15.
Mid-Miocene volcanic rocks are rare in the Aegean region, although early Miocene and late Miocene-Quaternary volcanism is widespread. At Oxylithos (island of Evia), 14 Ma dacites form a dome or sub-volcanic complex. Phreatomagmatic eruptions formed nearby rhyolitic pyroclastic surge deposits. The calc-alkaline dacites contain bronzite, Mg-rich clinopyroxene, phlogopite and plagioclase phenocrysts. The magma results from mixing of a Mg-rich andesitic magma, similar to that in the nearby island of Skyros, with more felsic magmas represented by the rhyolitic pyroclastics. The dacites are geochemically similar to adakites, which are derived by partial melting of eclogitic subducted oceanic crust and have low Y and Yb and high Sr/Y ratio. 87Sr/86Sr≈0.7095 is found in both dacite and rhyolite. Lead isotopic composition from the high-Mg andesite from Skyros, with 207Pb/204Pb= 15.70 and 208Pb/204Pb= 38.90, forms a linear trend with Evia dacite and rhyolite with 207Pb/204Pb= 15.71 and 208Pb/204Pb= 39.05. The high temperatures required to produce such magma resulted from decompression due to extension of the Aegean basin at the same time as the initial intrusion of the detached subducted slab in the western Aegean that has been imaged by seismic tomography. The Oxylithos rocks extend the known occurrences of adakite series rocks: this series is not restricted to sites with subduction of young oceanic crust.  相似文献   

16.
Felsic igneous rocks are of widespread magma types in continental orogenic belt, the petrologic genesis of which provides very important indication for understanding crustal evolution and melting geodynamic process within orogenic belt. Because of the differences of meltingdynamic condition, e.g. (1) composition of source rock; (2) physical chemistry conditions such as temperature, pressure etc.; (3) composition of residual phases and so on, felsic igneous rocks exhibit distinctly diverse petro…  相似文献   

17.
续海金  马昌前 《地学前缘》2003,10(4):417-427
大量变玄武岩脱水熔融实验表明,制约埃达克岩形成的主要因素是源岩、水和地壳热结构(p-T轨迹)。变玄武岩低到中等程度(10％～40％)的部分熔融过程中,含水矿物(主要是角闪石)脱水反应产生埃达克岩熔体,残余相组合为石榴石+单斜辉石±斜方辉石±角闪石(没有斜长石)。在俯冲带,当压力为1.6～2.2 GPa(约70～90 km)和温度为800～1150℃时,具有高的剪切热速率和非常年轻的(<25 Ma)、热的俯冲大洋岩石圈就会发生脱水熔融形成埃达克熔体。在增厚地壳内,具有高的热状态的底侵玄武质下地壳在压力≥0.8 GPa(>35 km)和温度介于800～1100℃之间发生部分熔融形成埃达克质熔体。然而,中国东部晚中生代富钾高Sr/Y比值花岗岩类,可能形成于加厚地壳开始减薄及地壳从挤压向拉张伸展转换的环境下,所对应的岩浆,与下地壳底侵的碱性玄武岩和/或拉斑玄武岩在压力1.0～1.5 GPa和温度850～1080℃之间发生部分熔融有关,熔融的残余相为辉石岩类,岩浆在上升侵位过程中还受到了地壳AFC的影响。中国东部中生代岩石圈从加厚转变为减薄的过程,就可能与玄武质岩浆的底侵作用及随后含石榴石辉石岩类残余体的拆沉作用有关。  相似文献   

18.
The Linzizong volcanic succession (~ 65–45 Ma) and the coeval batholiths (~ 60−40 Ma) of andesitic to rhyolitic composition represent a magmatic response to the India–Asia continental collision that began at ~ 70–65 Ma and ended at ~ 45–40 Ma with convergence continuing to present. These syncollisional felsic magmatic rocks are widely distributed along much of the > 1500 km long Gangdese Belt immediately north of the India–Asia suture (Yarlung–Zangbo) in southern Tibet. Our study of the Linzizong volcanic rocks from the Linzhou Basin (near Lhasa) suggests that syncollisional felsic magmatism may in fact account for much of the net contribution to continental crust growth. These volcanic rocks show a first-order temporal change from the andesitic lower Dianzhong Formation (64.4–60.6 Ma), to the dacitic middle Nianbo Formation (~ 54 Ma), and to the rhyolitic upper Pana Formation (48.7–43.9 Ma). The three formations show no systematic but overlapping Nd–Sr isotope variations. The isotopically depleted samples with εNd(t) > 0 indicate that their primary sources are of mantle origin. The best source candidate in the broad context of Tethyan ocean closing and India–Asia collision is the remaining part of the Tethyan ocean crust. This ocean crust melts when reaching its hydrous solidus during and soon after the collision in the amphibolite facies, producing andesitic melts parental to the Linzizong volcanic succession (and the coeval batholiths) with inherited mantle isotopic signatures. Ilmenite as a residual phase (plus the effect of residual amphibole) of amphibolite melting accounts for the depletion of Nb, Ta and Ti in the melt. The effect of ocean crust alteration plus involvement of mature crustal materials (e.g., recycled terrigeneous sediments) enhances the abundances of Ba, Rb, Th, U, K and Pb in the melt, thus giving the rocks an “arc-like” geochemical signature. Residual amphibole that possesses super-chondritic Nb/Ta ratio explains the sub-chondritic Nb/Ta ratio in the melt; residual plagioclase explains the slightly depleted, not enriched, Sr (and Eu) in the melt, typical of continental crust. These observations and reasoning plus the remarkable compositional similarity between the andesitic lower Dianzhong Formation and the model bulk continental crust corroborates our proposal that continental collision zones may be sites of net crustal growth (juvenile crust) through process of syncollisional felsic magmatism. While these interpretations are reasonable in terms of straightforward petrology, geochemistry and tectonics, they require further testing.  相似文献   

19.
江西会昌盆地晚白垩世喷发的站塘安山岩,其形成与晚中生代岩石圈伸展和玄武质岩浆的底侵作用有关。这些岩石是高Na(6.59%～8.46%Na2O)、高Al的奥长花岗质岩石,具有与埃达克岩相似的高Sr和Ba、低Y和HREE、高Sr/Y和La/Yb比等特点。与埃达克岩相比,它们的Na2O较高而CaO较低,其εNd(t)值-2.3～-3.8和87Sr/86Sr初始比值0.707～0.708也与具大洋同位素组成特征的埃达克岩有明显区别。这些化学的和同位素特征,表明它们并非消减板片部分熔融的产物。站塘埃达克质岩浆可能源自底侵玄武质下地壳,其异常的高Na和低Ca特点反映其源岩成分的特殊性。因其成分与由实验产生的富碱玄武岩部分熔融体组成相当,因此,我们认为站塘高钠安山质岩浆可能是富碱玄武质岩石部分熔融的产物。  相似文献   

20.
This study reports new geochemical and Sr and Nd isotope data for 11 samples of hynormative late Miocene (～6.5 Ma) basalt, basaltic andesite, and rhyolitic volcanic rocks from Meseta Rio San Juan, located in the states of Hidalgo and Queretaro, Mexico, in the north-central part of the Mexican Volcanic Belt (MVB). The in situ growth-corrected initial isotopic ratios of these rocks are as follows: 87Sr/86Sr 0.703400-0.709431 and 143Nd/144Nd 0.512524-0.512835. For comparison, the isotopic ratios of basaltic rocks from this area show very narrow ranges as follows: 87Sr/86Sr 0.703400-0.703540 and 143Nd/144Nd 0.512794-0.512835. The available geological, geochemical, and isotopic evidence does not support the generation of the basic and intermediate magmas by direct (slab melting), nor by indirect (fluid transport to the mantle) participation of the subducted Cocos plate. The basaltic magmas instead could have been generated by partial melting of the upper mantle. The evolved basaltic andesite magmas could have originated from such basaltic magmas through assimilation coupled with fractional crystallization. Rhyolitic magmas might represent partial melting of different parts of the underlying heterogeneous crust. Their formation and eruption probably was facilitated by extensional tectonics and upwelling of the underlying mantle. The different petrogenetic processes proposed here for basaltic and basaltic andesite magmas on one hand and rhyolitic magmas on the other might explain the bimodal nature of Meseta Rio San Juan volcanism. Finally, predictions by the author about the behavior of Sr and Nd isotopic compositions for subduction-related magmas is confirmed by published data for the Central American Volcanic Arc (CAVA).  相似文献   

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