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1.
饮食地理文化作为地域文化中最具地方特色的重要元素,在现代人口大规模流动背景下呈现出全新的多样化局面,而基于传统认知的“南甜北咸”的地域分异已然不能代表中国现代食甜分布的空间特征。因此,本文采用网络爬虫技术,获取我国大陆31个省会城市共计约2000万条美食消费数据,从传统类菜品、主食类菜品、饮料类和甜品类菜品4个方面计算城市食甜度,在ArcGIS、MySQL软件支持下,借助GIS空间分析和数理统计方法探究我国现代食甜习惯的空间分布特征,分析影响食甜分布的因素。研究发现：① 中国食甜在空间分布上存在显著的地域分异特征,聚类分析评价参数R 2高达0.88,现代食甜习惯总体呈现“东高北中,西微内低”的包围式格局;② 从整体抑或局部角度,在1%显著性水平上莫兰指数均为正,中国食甜分布呈现显著的空间正相关关系,形成特色鲜明的3个地理集聚区,即以苏浙沪闽为主的东南沿海高甜集聚区,以渝黔川为主的西南内陆低甜集聚区和以陕宁为主的西北内陆低甜集聚区;③ 构建了中国现代食甜习惯分布影响因素模型,其拟合精度为0.82,分析结果显示降水、湿度、气温等气象要素及地理位置是影响现代我国食甜空间分布的重要因素。 相似文献
2.
Shen Bing 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2004,14(2):97-103
While China’s economic growth has been impressive since 1978, regional disparity in terms of provincial per capita GDP has
been increasing. On the other hand, this rapid but uneven growth was accompanied by China’s deepening openness and structural
reforms including the development of non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs) and fiscal decentralization. Based on quantitative
analyses, this paper tries to explore the features of regional disparity in China and the relationships between regional growth
and China’s openness and economic structure reforms in the period from 1981 to 2000. The paper finds that the catching-up
of the coastal region to the initially rich provinces, which are mainly located in inland areas, brought about a convergence
of the growth pattern across provinces in the 1980s. The subsequent divergence in the provincial growth rates between the
coast and the interior generated an enlarging regional disparity in China in the 1990s. The ever-faster growth in the coastal
region was benefited by China’s openness and the development of non-state-owned enterprises. The development of non-state-owned
enterprises underlies the higher operational efficiency in the coastal region. Additionally, with the insignificant regression
results, fiscal decentralization was observed to facilitate faster growth in the coast region. The findings justify the initiative
of the "West Region Development Strategy" and offer some policy implications for China.
Biography: SHEN Bing (1966–), female, a native of Hebei Province, associate professor, specialized in regional economy and
urban development. E-mail: shenbing@mx.cei.gov.cn 相似文献
3.
Biodiversity patterns of free-living marine nematodes were studied using specific,taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity measures in the southern Yellow Sea,China.The results showed that the average of Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′) in the study area was 3.17.The higher values were distributed in the east part of Shandong coastal waters and north part of Jiangsu coastal waters,while the lower values were distributed in the southern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(YSCWM).The average of taxonomic diversity(Δ) was 62.09 in the study region.The higher values were distributed in the transitional areas between the coastal areas and the southern YSCWM,while the lower values were distributed near the north part of Jiangsu coastal waters and the YSCWM.Results of correlation analysis of species diversity and taxonomic diversity showed that some of the two kinds of diversity index were independent,which suggested that combining the two kinds of diversity indices can reflect the ecological characteristics better.A test for 95% probability funnels of average taxonomic distinctness and variation in taxonomic distinctness suggested that Station 8794(in the YSCWM) was outside of the 95% probability funnels,which may be due to the environmental stress.Results of correlation analysis between marine nematodes biodiversity and environmental variables showed that the sediment characteristics(Md? and Silt-clay fraction) and phaeophorbide a(Pha-a) were the most important factors to determine the biodiversity patterns of marine nematodes. 相似文献
4.
两江新区作为中国第一个内陆开放区,在短时间内经历了高强度开发,其社会经济空间结构演变对于国家新区的发展和规划具有重要意义。两江新区的城市建设用地扩张基本分布在中心城区外围,部分沿交通线向外扩张,并可通过元胞自动机模型对未来建设用地演变趋势进行模拟。本研究基于两江新区的人口数据、建设用地空间分布、道路数据等基本要素分析区域空间结构演变过程,定性与定量相结合研究两江新区空间结构演变的特征与机制并进行多模型模拟。研究结果表明：① 从人口、用地、交通等基本要素的时空变化可以看出,两江新区自2010年6月成立至2015年,区域城镇中心体系和空间结构都发生了明显的变化;② 政策环境、基础设施、要素成本和集聚效应是企业入驻两江新区的4个主要驱动因素;③ 两江新区建设用地扩张空间累积阻力值呈同心圆和轴带发展形态,建设用地空间演变基本向空间累积阻力值低的方向和地区扩张;④ 元胞自动机模型模拟的结果精度在80%以上,能够展示过去5年两江新区空间结构的演变过程和未来该区域空间结构的状况。本研究的结果能够为内陆开放区的优化建设提供科学参考,有助于提高重庆市两江新区开发建设的效益。 相似文献
5.
基于多源数据的中国海岸带地区人口空间化模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海岸带人口聚集、经济增长迅速、生态环境脆弱,容易受到自然灾害的影响,细致的人口空间分布信息对解决海岸带地区资源配置、灾害风险管理等有重要意义。本文以中国沿海城市为研究区,基于NPP-VIIRS和NDVI数据构建人居指数HSI,并加入居住地面积比例系数反映人口内部差异,利用样本动态分区及建模方法,得到2015年中国海岸带1000 m格网人口分布数据（POP）,并将其与已公布的相同年份的中国公里格网人口数据（TPOP）和100 m全球人口数据（WorldPOP）进行对比分析。研究表明,3种数据均能反映中国海岸带地区人口的宏观分布特征,但是对于人口分布城乡差异特征以及城市内部人口分布细节特征的刻画,则是以POP数据最为理想。由县域统计值和POP数据可知,主要受沿海地貌、国家及区域经济发展战略等的影响,中国海岸带地区人口分布具有明显的空间差异,具体来说：① 地形差异,山地和滩涂区域的人口密度普遍较低（小于5 人/hm 2）,而平原和河口三角洲区域的人口密度则普遍较高（大于10 人/hm 2）;② 宏观区域差异,环渤海、长江三角洲和珠江三角洲是人口分布最密集的区域（大于25 人/hm 2）;长江以北地区人口分布多层级重心离散分布的特征较为显著,尤其以山东和江苏最为明显,长江以南地区人口分布相对比较集中,主要集中在沿海低地和平原,如浙江—福建—广东一带;③ 城乡差异,由各级城镇向乡村区域递减的趋势非常明显,城市等级越高,人口分布的梯度特征越显著,中心城区、城市近郊、城市远郊之间相比人口密度差异巨大。 相似文献
6.
《中国地理科学(英文版)》2021,(4)
Social assistance is the last safety net in the social security system and plays a vital role in poverty alleviation in countries around the world. Promoting the equal financial assistance is meaningful to achieve equalization of social assistance. Based on the provincial panel data from 2002 to 2017, this paper analyzes the dynamic characteristics and main influencing factors of the equity of social assistance in China, using the Theil index and geographically weighted regression(GWR) model. The results suggest that the level of per capita social assistance expenditure(PSAE) in China keeps increasing year by year, but the changes in different regions and provinces are quite different. These changes not only significantly changed the spatial pattern of PSAE in China, but also greatly improved its spatial coupling with the deeply impoverished areas. Further analysis shows that the regional inequality of PSAE between provinces is obvious during the study period, and the inter-regional inequality is significantly higher than the intra-regional inequality.This makes inter-regional inequality become the main source of the regional inequality of PSAE in China for a long time. According to GWR results, there is obvious spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the influence intensity and direction of the per capita financial revenue,urbanization rate, urban unemployment rate, natural disaster-affected area, and transfer payment intensity on the PSAE. The urbanization rate and per capita financial revenue are the main driving factors of PSAE, and the impact intensity of per capita financial revenue tends to strengthen. The remaining three factors have a positive effect on PSAE, but the effect intensity is not high. 相似文献
7.
借鉴选权拟合思想,对区域地壳运动的整体旋转和线性应变模型中欧拉矢量部分附加不等式约束,将区域地壳运动的欧拉参数约束到由多年观测资料确定的平均欧拉参数值附近,建立附有不等式约束的整体旋转和线性应变模型。对中国大陆构造环境监测网络在环渤海区域的近几期GPS观测速度场数据进行拟合分析,结果表明,本文方法通过不等式约束可适当增强块体整体运动趋势的平滑性,获得对速度场更高的拟合精度,可进一步增强模型的物理解释能力。 相似文献
8.
1 BACKGROUND OF STUDYChina has begun to take part in the great practice ofinternational competition and opening-up in the last 1 /5 time of 20th century. In the last two decades, Chinahas become one of the areas that have the greatest potential in industrial production, thus it has rankedsecond only to USA in the flow of international capital.By the end of 1998, the real value of FDI China hasutilized has added up to $268. I billion. China has wonworld attention as a huge market for … 相似文献
9.
李兴弟 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1992,2(1):80-86
Nowadays in China, the coastal development strategy (CDS) aims to make the region (with population 160 million) ahead of developing export-oriented economy and to promote the inland economic prosperity at the same time.The paper analyzes the CDS based on the background of coastal area and the situation at home and abroad, and mainly discusses the relevant tactics in Shandong Province, China. 相似文献
10.
典型贫困山区旅游景点可达性评价方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
旅游景点的可达性水平不仅可以反映游客到达的方便程度,也用来衡量区域旅游业发展的潜力,而对于贫困山区旅游景点的可达性研究还可为旅游扶贫的开展工作提供理论参考。本文聚焦典型贫困山区,探究交通成本及复杂地形特征对旅游景点可达性的影响。首先,文章通过连接度指数和通达度指数的相关分析,了解研究区旅游网络的整体连通状况;然后,运用累积耗费距离法,分别基于不同等级交通因素和坡度、海拔等地形因素,对研究区旅游景点可达性和县级行政单元整体可达性进行对比分析,并提出了一种综合考虑交通因素和地形因素的可达性评价方法。研究表明：交通因素分析法弱化了水域对于可达性的阻隔作用;地形因素分析法忽视了交通条件对于可达性的影响;而综合考虑不同等级交通因素和复杂地形因素的可达性评价方法,既可有效识别水域对于贫困山区旅游景点可达性的阻隔作用,也体现了交通条件的改善对于自然环境下可达性水平的提升作用。 相似文献
11.
基于土地利用格局变化的胶东半岛生境质量时空演变特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
生境质量受人类活动引起的土地利用变化影响日益严重,因此,对于生境质量的监测与评估具有重要意义。基于2000、2005、2010、2015和2020年土地利用数据,利用GIS空间分析技术和InVEST-Habitat Quality模型,对胶东半岛土地利用和生境质量时空特征进行定量化描述,甄别生境质量变化的热点区域,探究胶东半岛土地利用格局变化对生境质量的影响。结果表明：耕地一直是胶东半岛的主要土地利用类型,该地区整体土地转移的速率呈缓慢上升趋势,建设用地的转入和耕地的转出尤为突出;胶东半岛5个年份的生境质量平均值分别为0.565、0.560、0.552、0.548、0.545,总体上呈下降趋势;不同等级区域的面积占比大小依次为：中等、高、低、较高、较低;中等生境质量区域面积减少最多,而低等生境质量区域面积增加最多,内陆区域生境质量高值区面积小且分散,而生境质量低值区分布相对集中且呈块状、片状;生境质量指数变化速率在减缓;不同区域中,生境质量对于土地利用变化的响应不同,建设用地增加是胶东半岛地区生境质量整体下降的主要原因,而滨海湿地增加提高了局部区域的生境质量。本研究将为胶东半岛地区土地的规划管理和生态环境保护提供相关科学参考。 相似文献
12.
LI Xiao-jian 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2001,11(2):120-128
1 INTRODUCTIONChina′s reform and open policies commenced in 1978 have developed international economic linkages and brought the country on the track toward economic globalization. Large amount of foreign direct investment (FDI) has flown to China and China has become the second or third largest FDI recipient since 1993 (UNCTAD, 1996; 1999). The annual increase in foreign trade has doubled the GDP growth rates. The globalization process has been accelerated since the mid-1990s as… 相似文献
13.
气候舒适度对人类活动和地区适宜性评价等研究具有重要意义,而温湿指数是气候舒适度评价的一项重要指标。传统的温湿指数计算都是基于站点数据,无法获取大尺度区域舒适度的时空变化特征。本文利用2005—2018年MODIS地表温度、大气可降水量数据,结合地理加权回归方法对经典温湿指数模型进行改进,计算并分析中国年均和月均气候舒适度时空演变特征。结果如下：① 采用GWR方法进行地表温度和气温的拟合,拟合精度（Adjusted R2=0.9~0.98,RMSE=0.14~1.89 ℃）较为理想,说明采用LST、NDVI、DEM作为自变量的地理加权回归分析,能够较精确地拟合地面气温;② 2005—2018年年均温湿指数统计结果表示,云南省累计舒适月数最多,高达167个月,中部省份相对于东南沿海省市舒适时期较多,最高舒适月数差值可达到41个月。中国年均舒适度空间分布规律基本保持一致,除新疆、西藏和东北的部分区域以外,舒适度空间呈现从南到北,舒适度等级由舒适变寒冷。从舒适度等级面积变化情况看,2005—2018年全国舒适度等级呈现由寒冷变舒适的趋势;③ 2018年全年舒适面积最大的月份为5月,其次为10月,不舒适月份集中在1月和7月,全国呈现极冷或极热。春季和秋季空间分布特征较为相似,呈现由东南到西北逐渐递减的趋势;除青藏高原地区外,夏季和冬季呈现由南到北递减趋势。舒适区域主要集中在低纬、中海拔地区。 相似文献
14.
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15.
???????????GPS??????????????????????????????????????????????????о???????????????????????????????NW???????????????????????????????????????????????????С????????????????-????????????????????β?????????NE?????????????????????????26°N???????NW-EW?????????????????????26°N???????NW-NS??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????б??Ρ? 相似文献
16.
中国省级行政区边界形状的GIS分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文借助GIS软件支持,计算了我国32个省的平面轮廓形状的分维、形状指数和紧凑度。结果表明,形状复杂(边缘复杂程度高,破碎度较大)的省(区)主要集中在东部及沿海地区;形状较紧凑的省(区)主要集中在西部地区,东部省与西部省的形状特征有较大差异。另探讨了各地区的地理气候环境和历史人文特征所致的主要原因,并初步分析了各特征对交通等组织的影响。 相似文献
17.
通过估计中国农村居民收入分配的lorenz曲线测算了2006、2007年中国农村贫困和收入不平等的状况,并运用shapley分解法对贫困指数的变动进行分解,分析物价水平、经济增长、收入分配对贫困变化的影响。研究结果表明：（1）2007年农村贫困发生率较2006年有所下降,但下降速度比较缓慢;（2）农村居民的收入差距逐渐在拉大,收入不平等程度有所加重;（3）经济增长减缓了农村贫困,但由于物价水平的上涨和收入分配的恶化,贫困人口整体的贫困状况不轻反重。 相似文献
18.
Regional ecological health,the core of comprehensive ecosystem assessments,is an important foundation for regional exploration,environmental conservation,and sustainable development.The mountainous areas in southwest China are backward in economy,but industrialization and urbanization have been rapid in recent years.This study assessed the ecosystem health of the Sichuan and Yunnan provinces in China using a pressure-state-response(PSR)model.Spatiotemporal patterns of regional ecosystem health were analyzed from 2000 to 2016,including overall characteristics as well as local characteristics.Ecosystem health in most regions was improved over time(Y=0.0058 X–11.0132,R2=0.95,P<0.001),and areas with poorer ecosystem health decreased from half to one-third of the total area.Analysis of the primacy ratio and the variation coefficient confirmed that the gap in health scores between regions has gradually expanded since 2007,but there are more high quality regions overall(Z of Moran’s index<1.96,P>0.05).Overall,the regional ecosystems to the east of the Hu line-an imaginary line dividing east and west China into roughly equivalent parts-were healthier than those to the west.The pressure and state scores of ecosystems were determined by physiographic condition,and the response scores by government policies and social concern.The spatiotemporal patterns of ecosystem health were dominated to a greater extent by natural than anthropogenic factors,which explains why the shift in the patterns aligned with the direction of the Hu line.Dividing regions into key management areas based on natural geographical conditions and socioeconomic development could contribute to the formulation of a reasonable ecological and environmental protection policy,guaranteeing ecosystem services in the long run. 相似文献
19.
1INTRODUCTIONThere have been many literatures about the regional disparity of economic development in China since the late 1970s. Some scholars argue that disparity of re-gional development in China has been expanded since 1978, but others find it has reduced since 1978. The findings of some scholars show that the evolutionary process of the disparity of regional economic develop-ment in China follows the inverted U shape, but some others do not think so. What is the true tendency, and i… 相似文献
20.
De-farming and Ecological Restoration in the Loess Hilly-gully Region in Northern China 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
XU Yong TANG Qing MA Dingguo and GUO Tengyun Institute of Geographic Sciences Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing China 《山地科学学报》2006,3(2):168-177
Introduction In a long history of land use and exploration, in order to meet the demand of quickly increasing population for food supplies, China has accumu- lated many successful and unsuccessful experience- es in promoting economic development by using … 相似文献