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1.
锚杆静压桩技术在既有建筑物增设地下空间中的应用 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
运用锚杆静压桩技术在既有建筑物中增设地下空间是可行的,一方面可利用既有建筑物的自重荷载作为压桩的反力,另一方面将压好的桩作为临时托换构件支撑的既有建筑物,建筑物下方的土体才可以开挖。对于黏性土,采用逐根压桩的方案,把所有桩压至设计标高后,待超孔隙水压力消散,才开挖承台下的土体。对于砂性土,可以边开挖土方边压桩,通过控制压桩和挖土速度,很好地控制建筑物的沉降。桩身四周的土体开挖后,其稳定性按照自由长度较大的高承台桩的模型进行分析。锚杆静压桩的压桩阻力是根据土层动力触探的指标确定的,锚杆静压桩的数量根据使用阶段、施工阶段的荷载以及桩身自由段的屈曲稳定性综合确定。按照新旧混凝土界面初始滑移承载力,进行承台的抗冲剪设计是有足够的安全储备的,此时冲剪承载力由几个斜向混凝土柱承担,而承台的下部受拉。锚杆静压桩之间的沉降差会在上部结构中产生附加内力,影响到结构安全。沉降差的计算采用分层总和法,计算时应考虑桩身的重力荷载、桩顶集中荷载等产生的附加应力以及土体开挖附加应力的减少。 相似文献
2.
邻近建筑物的暗挖隧道施工数值模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
软土中采用暗挖法开挖隧道往往会引起土体变形,由于城市中暗挖隧道多建在建筑物高度集中的地区,土体变形对邻近既有建筑物的损伤不容忽视。采用二维有限元方法对邻近中、低层建筑物(采用整体基础)工况下的暗挖隧道施工进行了模拟和分析,建筑物长15 m。研究结果表明：建筑物的存在会增大隧道开挖引起的地面沉降和衬砌的受力与变形,同时隧道开挖也会使邻近建筑物产生附加应力和变形。当隧道轴线与建筑物轴线的水平距离 0 m时,建筑物相对安全;当 时,建筑物会产生朝向隧道一侧的倾斜。当 为2.5～20 m时,产生较大的地面沉降,建筑物的首尾沉降差较大,建筑物较危险;当 为30～40 m时,建筑物的存在对隧道施工的影响较小;当 40 m时,建筑物的存在对隧道施工的影响可以忽略不计。由于基础的存在,建筑物的最大弯矩、轴力和剪力的变化量较小,增大量在10 %以内。 相似文献
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城市地铁隧道施工不可避免地对围岩产生扰动引起地表沉降,动态预测隧道开挖引起的地表沉降是确保地表建构筑物与隧道施工安全的重要基础。针对隧道施工过程中地表沉降难以准确动态预测的问题,在定义纵向开挖度系数? 的基础上,建立横向地表沉降动态预测模型。该模型能够描述同一监测位置沉降曲线随掌子面推进而不断变化的规律,实现施工现场沉降动态预测。结果表明：在特定约束条件下,该模型能够退化为Peck模型以及随机介质理论预测模型;通过现场施工验证了该动态预测模型的准确性与适用性;基于纵向开挖度系数? 将隧道沿纵向分为强烈、中度和轻度共3个影响段,较好地反映了开挖掌子面在不同位置对同一监测截面的影响程度;通过分析建筑物和隔离桩对地表沉降曲线的影响可知,建筑物与其附近地层呈现出协同变形、共同承载的特征,在隧道一侧添加地质钻隔离桩对该侧地表沉降值的减小程度可达71.9%。研究成果对滇中引水工程现场施工与类似工程具有一定指导和借鉴意义。 相似文献
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就围护桩（或围护墙）加内支撑这一基坑支护形式而言,基于弹性地基梁理论的增量法是其围护结构内力和变形计算的常用方法。合理计算荷载增量是该方法实施的关键之一。目前,该法的荷载增量主要由土压力增量和挖除土体弹性抗力释放的反力增量两部分组成。根据弹性地基梁和增量法的基本原理,结合基坑施工过程,综合分析得出：荷载增量除上述两部分外,还应包括开挖面以下土体因开挖面下降、水平抗力系数降低而引起的土体弹性抗力部分释放的反力增量;开挖面以下围护桩（或围护墙）任意点的这部分反力增量等于该点在上一工况下的侧向位移与开挖侧土体水平抗力系数的比例系数m和本工况挖除土体厚度的乘积。工程实例理论计算结果和实测结果的对比分析表明,与传统增量法相比,采用改进增量法,围护桩（或围护墙）侧向位移的计算值与实测值更加接近,计算结果更加符合工程实际。 相似文献
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应用“源汇法”理论,推导了双圆盾构隧道土体损失产生的三维附加应力计算公式。研究了双圆盾构机正面附加推力、盾壳与土体之间的摩擦力以及土体损失在邻近桩基上引起的总的附加荷载的分布规律。研究结果表明：在双圆盾构开挖面前方地下桩基受到挤压力作用,在开挖面后方负值附加荷载逐渐增大产生拉力,同时双圆盾构机轴线深度附近的桩基部位处产生较大的拉应力和压应力;双圆盾构机与土体之间的摩擦力在附加荷载中特别是y方向的附加荷载起主导作用;垂直于管片方向的附加荷载值较推进方向大,但影响范围小;竖直方向的附加荷载较小,靠近隧道轴线附近的桩基部位受到的附加荷载方向与两端相反,曲线呈“弓”形分布。经与数值模拟、离心试验、现场实测结果对比分析,验证了应用解析解研究双圆盾构隧道开挖对邻近桩基影响是可靠的。 相似文献
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切方边坡悬臂桩桩间土稳定性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在调查分析切方边坡悬臂桩桩间土破坏模式的基础上,指出在桩间净距不大的情况下,桩间土多表现为局部滑塌现象。通过分析斜坡切方前的初始应力状态及桩间土滑塌失稳的临界判据,结合岩土强度理论建立了考虑三维土拱效应及切方卸荷的桩间土稳定性分析模型。以襄－渝二线施工过程中某路堑边坡为研究对象,通过计算分析,结合现场施工的观测情况,指出桩间土滑塌曲面的后缘线一般位于桩顶土拱作用的拱圈内侧区域,桩间土多呈拉-剪破坏模式。工程实践表明,采用土钉对桩间土进行加固取得了良好的效果。数值模拟发现,土钉的钻进应穿越桩间土拱有效作用的区域,土颗粒的楔紧挤密效应在一定程度上对土钉起到等效锚固的作用。 相似文献
9.
Pitthaya Jamsawang Phermphorn Boathong Warakorn Mairaing Pornkasem Jongpradist 《Landslides》2016,13(5):939-955
This paper presents an analysis of the slope failure of a Suvarnabhumi drainage canal during construction. The Suvarnabhumi drainage canal project includes a large drainage canal with a road on both sides. The width of the bottom of the drainage canal is 48.0 m, the depth of the drainage canal is 3.0 m, and the length of the drainage canal is 10.5 km. Because the project was constructed on very soft Bangkok clay, deep cement mixing (DCM) columns were employed to increase the stability of the excavated canal. The failure of the drainage canal slope occurred 25 days after the end of excavation. The field monitoring data show that lateral movement of the canal slope continuously increased with time, which caused failure due to the instability of the canal slope. The time-dependent deformation and undrained creep behavior of very soft clay was suspected to be the cause of the canal failure. A laboratory investigation of undrained creep behavior and a finite element analysis (FEA) using the soft soil creep (SSC) model were performed to confirm the causes of the canal failure. The results indicate that very soft clay specimens that are subjected to deviator creep stress levels of 70 and 100 % of the peak strength failed by creep rupture within 60 days and 8 min, respectively. The factor of safety for the canal slope, which was obtained from the FEA, shows significant reduction from the initial value of 1.710 to 1.045 within 24 days after the end of excavation due to the effect of undrained creep. This paper also describes a solution method that is applied to a new section of the canal. Field monitoring and an FEA of the new trial section were performed to prove the effectiveness of the solution method. 相似文献
10.
为提升地铁盾构隧道的防灾减灾能力,以北京某典型地铁盾构隧道及邻域的基坑工程为基础,应用相似材料模型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法,研究了上方基坑开挖卸荷-加载作用下地铁盾构隧道的变形特征及围土压力分布规律,并对基坑底部与盾构隧道顶部净距和基坑加载强度的影响进行了分析。研究结果表明：盾构隧道上方基坑开挖卸荷-加载过程中,随着基坑开挖卸荷的进行,盾构隧道逐步上浮,基坑开挖至底部时,竖向位移达到最大值;随着基坑加载的进行,竖向位移可得到适量恢复,最大竖向位移差及最大水平位移差均出现在基坑开挖卸荷完成阶段,此时应尽早完成基础底板封闭施工。基坑开挖卸荷-加载过程中,盾构隧道围土压力始终呈葫芦型对称分布,盾构隧道顶部及底部土压力较大,腰部土压力较小,基坑开挖卸荷完成后,长轴方向土压力明显减小,基坑加载完成后,土压力有所恢复,但并未达到最初状态。随着基坑底部与盾构隧道顶部净距的增加,盾构隧道结构位移、拱顶与拱底竖向位移差及水平收敛均逐步减小,当净距大于3 h（h为基坑深度）时,上方基坑卸荷-加载对盾构隧道影响逐步趋于轻微。在基坑加载强度为卸载强度的2倍时,盾构隧道竖向位移可恢复至最初状态。 相似文献
11.
土钉-预加固桩复合支护技术已在基坑及边坡工程中取得了大量应用,但在黄土高边坡开挖中的应用相对较少。基于详细的现场监测数据并辅以有限元数值计算,分析了边坡开挖过程中支护体系受力及变形随时间和空间的变化规律。结果表明：预加固桩的水平位移随着时间的推移与开挖深度的增加呈增大趋势,并最终趋于稳定,同时,桩身剪力及弯矩亦随开挖的进行而不断增大;剪力最大值的位置不断下移,说明边坡的潜在滑动面有不断向下扩展的趋势。与深基坑支护桩的土压力分布相比,土钉-预加固桩复合支护体系中桩后土压力随开挖呈不断减小的趋势,但桩前土压力随着开挖深度的增加,有增有减。随着施工开挖深度的增加,土钉所测得的应力有着明显的增大,说明土钉对抑制坡体变形起到了一定作用。在预加固桩的影响下,桩上方坡体的最危险破裂面为圆弧状,其剪出口位于预加固桩桩顶处。开挖深度较浅时,土钉对整体稳定性的贡献较大,而随着开挖深度的变大,预加固桩的加固效果开始占主导地位。 相似文献
12.
Yang Yubing Li Jiasen Liu Chao Ma Jianjun Zheng Shuang Chen Wei 《Acta Geotechnica》2022,17(2):545-562
This study investigates the disturbance of bridge piles caused by the adjacent deep excavation of a metro station in Guangzhou while considering the existence of underlying karst caverns. Ground treatment was adopted to reduce the effects of the deep excavation on the surrounding environment, including metro jet system (MJS) technology and karst treatment. Considering the presence of karst cavern and an inhomogeneous limestone layer, three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) was implemented to investigate the excavation-induced effects on the surrounding ground and structures. Coupled pore fluid diffusion and stress analysis were adopted for the excavation simulation, and comparative analyses between the field data and FEA results were used to verify the numerical model. A series of parametric studies were conducted by varying the parameters of the MJS piles and karst cavern filling. This study reveals that: (1) increasing the Young’s modulus of the MJS pile leads to a decrease in ground and wall settlement; (2) the optimal buried depth of MJS piles is the depth that reaches the rock stratum; (3) the optimal MJS pile–wall distance is 0.225H (H denotes excavation depth); (4) increasing the piles diameter leads to a linearly decrease in wall and piles settlement; and (5) varying the Young’s modulus and permeability coefficient of the karst cavern filling has little effect on the surrounding environment. MJS treatment can be used as an effective measure for protecting the surrounding environment from disturbance by deep excavations.
相似文献13.
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基坑开挖对下卧运营地铁既有箱体影响的实测及分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
天津西站交通枢纽西青道下沉隧道工程上跨于已运营天津地铁1号线区间既有箱体,其上跨段隧道底板距既有箱体顶板仅0.3 m,需对其可能引起的既有隧道变形进行严格控制。设计中对运营线路有针对性地提出地基加固、分段开挖、及时堆载回压等施工方案及措施。通过对西青道下沉隧道下邻近既有地铁隧道的抗浮桩、三轴水泥搅拌桩施工和基坑开挖阶段的监测数据进行分析,研究了不同施工阶段的地铁箱体及轨道变形规律及特点。实测结果表明,在邻近既有地铁隧道处施工钻孔灌注桩可引起既有隧道下沉,基坑开挖可引起既有隧道上浮。分块开挖、分段压载并结合信息化施工可有效控制因开挖卸荷引起的既有隧道竖向位移及隧道箱体之间的差异变形。 相似文献
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Environmental problems caused by Istanbul subway excavation and suggestions for remediation 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Ibrahim Ocak 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(7):1557-1566
Many environmental problems caused by subway excavations have inevitably become an important point in city life. These problems
can be categorized as transporting and stocking of excavated material, traffic jams, noise, vibrations, piles of dust mud
and lack of supplies. Although these problems cause many difficulties, the most pressing for a big city like Istanbul is excavation,
since other listed difficulties result from it. Moreover, these problems are environmentally and regionally restricted to
the period over which construction projects are underway and disappear when construction is finished. Currently, in Istanbul,
there are nine subway construction projects in operation, covering approximately 73 km in length; over 200 km to be constructed
in the near future. The amount of material excavated from ongoing construction projects covers approximately 12 million m3. In this study, problems—primarily, the problem with excavation waste (EW)—caused by subway excavation are analyzed and suggestions
for remediation are offered. 相似文献
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简要介绍挖孔桩在坳沟土段施工时的几种护壁方法。重点总结了砖护壁、砼护壁、套管护壁的施工工艺和施工流程 ,并提出常见问题的防范处理意见 相似文献
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以嘉兴晶辉广场深基坑工程为背景,研究了旋喷加劲桩在软土深基坑中的支护效果。结合监测数据,利用FLAC 3D有限差分软件,对旋喷加劲桩配合SMW工法桩(劲性水泥土搅拌桩)这种组合结构在基坑各个开挖工况下的受力情况以及深层土体水平位移变化情况进行模拟计算。结果表明:深层土体水平位移曲线呈"鼓肚状",最大水平位移安全合理,位于基坑开挖底面以上1m~2m处;SMW工法桩所受剪力随开挖深度的加深而增大;三排加劲桩所受拉力呈现为越接近基坑开挖底面越大的规律。模拟结果与实际监测结果基本一致,且均在安全范围内。说明旋喷加劲桩在软土基坑中的支护效果较好,此次模型的建立较合理,为今后类似基坑工程的设计计算提供了参考。 相似文献
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Numerous studies have been devoted to the performance of excavations and adjacent facilities. In contrast, few studies have focused on retaining wall deflections induced by pre-excavation dewatering. However, considerable inward cantilever deflections were observed for a diaphragm wall in a pre-excavation dewatering test based on a long and narrow metro excavation, and the maximum deflection reached 10 mm (37.6% of the allowable wall deflection for the project). Based on the test results, a three-dimensional soil–fluid coupled finite element model was established and used to study the mechanism of the dewatering-induced diaphragm wall deflections. Numerical results indicated that the diaphragm wall deflection results from three factors: (1) the seepage force around the dewatering well and the soil–wall interaction caused the inward horizontal displacement of the soil inside the excavation; (2) the reduced total earth pressure on the excavated side of the diaphragm wall above approximately 1/2 of the maximum dewatering depth disequilibrated the original earth pressure on both sides of the diaphragm wall; and (3) the different negative friction on the excavated and retained sides of the diaphragm wall led to the rotation of the diaphragm wall into the excavation. 相似文献
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邻近不同基础建筑物地铁盾构施工相互内力影响研究与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在建筑物密集的城区,盾构施工通常会使周围一定范围内的既有建筑物受到影响。在考虑建筑物基础形式不同情况下,采用有限元方法对邻近不同位置建筑物工况下的盾构隧道施工进行了模拟和分析。研究表明：建筑物基础形式不同,对隧道衬砌的受力状况的影响也不同,在邻近建筑物的盾构隧道施工时衬砌要承受更大的内力值。对于隧道邻近浅基础建筑物的工况,隧道开挖对建筑物的影响比较大;但对于桩基础建筑物,邻近基础一侧隧道开挖引起的建筑物内力变化相对较小 相似文献