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西藏班公湖-怒江成矿带及邻区铋矿化带的发现与意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
铋是一种稀有金属, 在世界分布很不均匀, 全世界铋资源绝大部分赋存在中国, 我国的铋资源主要集中在湖南的柿竹园。本文通过系统的野外调查与样品采集、室内ICP-MS与扫描电镜及电镜能谱方法分析, 确定班公湖-怒江成矿带12个矿床(点)单件样品铋含量达到边界品位的要求, 9个矿床(点)单件样品达到工业品位的要求, 最高达到9575×10?6。铋含量高的地质体东西向呈带状展布, 为一铋的成矿带。确定材玛矽卡岩型铁矿、尕尔穷矽卡岩型铜矿、舍索矽卡岩型铜铅锌多金属矿-社样多金属矿-更乃矽卡岩型铜铁矿、拉屋矽卡岩型铜矿-尤卡浪脉状铅矿共4个铋矿找矿远景区。铋矿物种类为硫铜铋矿、自然铋、硫铋铜铅矿、硫铋银矿共4种。铋含量较高的样品主要分布于矽卡岩型矿床中, 斑岩型矿床的铋含量较低。班公湖-怒江成矿带铋的矿化时代应为燕山期,为班公湖-怒江向南(即冈底斯地块)俯冲使之闭合后碰撞阶段所形成的。拉屋多金属矿床正在开采, 其矿石含有较高的铋含量, 由于铋的单位价值远远大于正在开采的铜与铅锌等资源, 因此, 该矿床开采时需加强铋资源的评价, 以提高其资源的综合利用价值。 相似文献
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西藏更乃矽卡岩矿床位于班公湖-怒江成矿带南侧,具有良好的铁与铟等多金属成矿潜力,尤其在该矿床发现了自然铟与羟铟石,为国内首次。更乃矿床为晚白垩世似斑状二长花岗岩侵位于下白垩统郎山组灰岩时发生双交代作用的产物,晚白垩世似斑状二长花岗岩为更乃矽卡岩型铁多金属矿床的矿化提供了岩浆热液来源。似斑状二长花岗岩K2O/Na2O为1.38~1.73,显示富钾特征。铝过饱和指数(A/CNK)变化于1.02~1.05之间,为过铝质系列,具S型花岗岩特征。里特曼指数（σ）为2.15~2.31,属钙碱性岩石系列。富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th,贫Sr、 Ba、P、Ti等元素。∑REE=108.03×10-6~258.74×10-6,稀土元素总量较高,(La/Yb)N为15.71~26.00,轻重稀土元素明显分异,Eu呈中等负异常(δEu=0.17~0.24)。似斑状二长花岗岩中锆石多呈柱状,Th/U的范围为0.50~2.17,（La/Yb）N为0.00~0.29,轻重稀土元素明显分异,δCe=4.32~1293.43,δEu=0.06~0.13,具有比较高的Ce正异常和中等的Eu负异常,显示岩浆锆石的特征。更乃岩体形成于班公湖-怒江洋向南俯冲结束之后的同碰撞阶段。研究表明,铟与锡之间以及铟与锌之间不存在相关关系,铟与铁之间具有很好的正相关关系,铟在铁矿石中含量为5.61~125.00×10-6,平均值为49.01×10-6,铟呈独立矿物形式存在。铁、铟、铋金属的矿化是在同一期热液活动中形成,为岩浆来源。锆石的LA-ICP-MS定年结果表明,岩体的形成年龄为78.7±1.7 Ma,为燕山晚期岩浆活动的产物。 相似文献
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班公湖-怒江成矿带西段角西石英脉型钨矿床地质特征及黑钨矿地球化学特征 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
角西矿床是班公湖-怒江成矿带上目前发现的首例石英脉型钨矿床。本文对该矿床的地质特征及黑钨矿微量、稀土元素进行了系统的研究。结果表明,角西矿床主要发育与中新世花岗岩密切相关的含黑钨矿(±白钨矿)石英脉,矿脉主要受张性裂隙控制,宽度在0. 02～2m之间,"五层楼"分带模式较为明显,蚀变类型主要为云英岩化和角岩化。矿化可以分为氧化物阶段、硫化物阶段和萤石-碳酸岩阶段。与华南同类型矿床相比,角西黑钨矿的稀土元素含量极低(∑REE=0. 560×10~(-6)～1. 186×10~(-6)),具有较为明显的正Eu异常。黑钨矿中相对富集Sc元素(平均31. 15×10~(-6))的特征表明成矿流体富含F-和/或PO_4~(3-)离子。以上研究成果不仅有助于加深该矿床成因的认识,而且为后续矿床勘查提供了重要信息。 相似文献
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班公湖—怒江成矿带西段主要岩浆热液型矿床成矿特征初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
文章对班公湖—怒江成矿带西段与岩浆热液有关的主要矿床空间分布、矿化类型进行了总结;对主要成矿事件形成时代进行了统计,识别出6期成矿事件,分别为晚侏罗世早期、晚侏罗世晚期、早白垩世晚期、晚白垩世中期、晚白垩世晚期和中新世。基于前人研究成果,对主要矿床地质特征、成矿岩浆岩基本地质特征、岩石地球化学特征进行了阐述和对比研究,明确了成矿岩体特征之差异。通过对班—怒成矿带西段主要矿床成矿岩体锆石Hf同位素和辉钼矿Re含量的梳理,阐明了成岩-成矿物质源区差异与矿化元素组合之间的耦合关系,即幔源物质参与成矿强度大,形成铜金矿。最后,文章对区域成矿特征进行了总结梳理,并提出了班公湖—怒江成矿带西段可望取得找矿新进展的矿床类型和找矿方向。 相似文献
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福建省龙岩中甲铁矿矿床特征及分散元素铟镉的富集规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
福建龙岩中甲含锡多金属硫化物磁铁矿矿床中有2种分散元素In、Cd具有工业价值.本文利用常规的显微镜观察、化学分析手段,对该矿床矿石中分散元素铟、镉的含量及富集规律进行了分析研究,结果表明矿床锌(铅)矿化系列铁矿矿石中分散元素铟、镉含量在多金属硫化物型矿石中均超过其作为伴生有用组分的最低工业品位数倍,含量较高.分散元素地球化学特征指示矿床为火山沉积-热液叠加改造成因.该矿床位于南岭多金属成矿带与中国东部环西太平洋大陆边缘多金属成矿带复合部位之闽西-梅州Pb-Zn-Cu-Fe矿多金属成矿带,因此对矿床特征及其中伴(共)生的分散元素富集规律研究具有重要的理论和现实意义. 相似文献
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文章研究了我国一些铁锰矿床、铜矿床及铅锌硫化物矿床矿石及矿物中铟的含量变化特点 ,发现In在不同类型的铅、锌、铜、铁、锰等矿床中并不大量富集 ,在这些矿床中矿石平均wIn大都低于 10× 10 -6;在锡石硫化物矿床和富含锡的铅锌多金属矿床中 ,矿石中wIn平均可达 80× 10 -6以上 ,这类矿床中铟的工业储量可达数百吨甚至数千吨 ,80 %以上的铟都富集在闪锌矿中。研究结果表明 ,铟的富集成矿具有矿床类型和矿物专属性 ,这种专属性对铟资源的寻找与利用具有重要意义 相似文献
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斯克瑞斯斑岩型铜矿位于希腊北部哈尔基迪基半岛,塞尔维亚马其顿成矿带。矿体赋存于侵入到韦尔蒂斯科斯组的古近纪—新近纪碱性岩体中,岩体的分布受深部断裂影响。截至2011年,斯克瑞斯矿床已开采5.2×108t铜,Cu平均品位为0.5%,Au平均品位为0.8×10-6,Pd平均品位为110×10-9,Pt平均品位为17×10-9。铜-金矿化呈脉状、网脉状及浸染状分布于岩体及围岩中。矿石矿物主要为黄铜矿、斑铜矿、黄铁矿等,与矿化有关的围岩蚀变主要有钾长石化、硅化、青磐岩化、绢云母化等。锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩Ar-Ar年龄和矿床地球化学特征均显示,岩浆侵位与成矿作用之间关系密切,其形成时代约为19Ma。该矿床以Pd-Pt含量较高为特征。对斯克瑞斯斑岩型富铂族元素斑岩铜矿特点及成矿规律的系统总结,可以为在中国境内寻找同类矿床提供参考。 相似文献
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《地学前缘》2017,(6):68-79
氟是岩浆-热液作用过程中常见的矿化剂元素,对成矿过程的理解至关重要。新疆西准噶尔包古图地区产出斑岩型铜矿床,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ-1号岩体矿化程度差,金属矿物体积分数1%,表现为浸染状分布的黄铜矿、黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿;Ⅲ-2号岩体矿化中等,金属矿物体积分数1%~5%,主要为黄铜矿、黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿,少量毒砂、辉钼矿、斑铜矿、黝铜矿、闪锌矿和银金矿。V号岩体产出大型斑岩铜矿床,矿石样品金属矿物体积分数15%,浸染状和硫化物脉体常见。样品氟含量测试结果显示,弱矿化花岗闪长岩的氟含量为(300~512)×10~(-6),平均为394×10~(-6),中等矿化花岗闪长岩和石英闪长岩的氟含量为(287~573)×10~(-6),平均为427×10~(-6),斑岩铜矿矿石样品的氟含量为(466~811)×10~(-6),平均为639×10~(-6),明显高于弱矿化和中等矿化样品。随氟含量升高,样品的铜含量逐渐升高,指示氟对铜在流体中的迁移有利。 相似文献
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松潘—甘孜褶皱带较场弧形构造特征及其大地构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据详细野外露头特征及显微构造特征将较场弧形带由南向北分为三个变形带:弧顶部、弧核部和弧翼部,不同分带具有明显不同的变形特征。由南向北变形特征由以塑性变形为主过渡为脆性变形为主,变质流体活动喜马拉雅构造期活动强烈,且向北逐渐增强;弧核部以叠瓦状逆冲构造特征分隔弧顶和弧翼部;弧翼部东西两翼变形及变质流体活动特征具有一定差异性。较场弧形带总体体现出多期次南北向挤压—张性应力变形构造特征,叠加北西—北北西向同构造期挤压变质运动,其宏观和微观变形特征与典型"走滑成因"模式弧形构造特征相异,为其大地构造成因机制的解释提出了新的限制条件。 相似文献
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库车前陆冲断带秋里塔格构造带水系形态与褶皱生长 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
水系形态能够非常敏感的记录活动构造的演化过程,尤其对于褶皱横向生长的地区,常形成特征的水系形态。库车前陆冲断带发育平行于南天山造山带走向的褶皱带,并形成特征的水系形态。利用遥感影像、卫星照片、以及从数字高程数据中提取的地貌和水系参数,对库车前陆冲断带秋里塔格构造带水系形态进行分析研究,得出库车前陆冲断带褶皱具有横向生长的演化特征,并识别出判别褶皱生长的5个水系形态标志。这些水系形态标志包括：不对称的水域形态,水系受到阻挡发生弯曲、捕获、并流现象,背斜脊部风口的形成以及高度依次降低排列,不对称的冲积扇体,被纵向河流分隔的两侧背斜的水系形态差异。褶皱的横向生长最终导致相互拼接形成更大规模的褶皱带,秋里塔格构造带正是由多条背斜的横向生长,并拼接而成现今延伸~300km的褶皱带。 相似文献
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武夷山成矿带构造-岩浆-成矿作用与演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以武夷山成矿带地质构造演化和岩浆活动为主线,将武夷成矿带分为元古代、古生代和中生代三大成矿期及相应的赋矿地层系统,划分为七个成矿系列:即晋宁裂谷期海底火山喷流型块状硫化物矿床成矿系列;加里东块体拼合期金铜钼矿床成矿系列;海西裂陷扩张期铁铜锰矿床成矿系列;早燕山裂陷扩张期铜银铅锌锑矿床成矿系列;早燕山地壳重熔期钨锡铋钼铌钽和稀土矿床成矿系列;晚燕山底侵伸展期铁铜铅锌矿床成矿系列;晚燕山大陆扩张裂解期铜金银铀矿床成矿系列。根据地质构造演化、岩浆活动,成矿系列和代表性矿床等特征,提出了武夷山成矿带构造-岩浆-成矿作用与演化的事件格架。 相似文献
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福建省长乐—南澳断裂带,平潭—东山褶皱带基本特征的研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
闽东南沿海变质带实际上是由平潭—东山褶皱带和长乐—南澳断裂带所组成,前者是复杂的基底褶皱带,后者是大型的脆-韧性剪切带,它大体上是前者的西界。褶皱带的褶皱样式反映岩石在变质与变形时处于强塑性压扁及流变的机制。微观构造研究进一步获得变质构造岩在固态流变中的运动学和动力学特征。区域变质作用的温度为540—600℃,压力2400—3600Mpa。变质作用的高峰期约距今170Ma。 相似文献
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豫西东秦岭造山带低压变质带的变质变形和变质反应 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
豫西西峡北部低压变质带受到４次变形改造。低压变质作用主要发生在Ｄ１和Ｄ２变形间期，形成黑云母－红柱石、石榴石－红柱石、十字石－红柱石和堇青石－红柱石４个递增变质带。由矿物变质反应识别出堇青石－红柱石带ｐ－Ｔ趋势具有减压增温特点，这一演化特征可能反映变质作用具有地壳拉张的地球动力学特点。 相似文献
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洛栾断裂带是华北板块南缘与秦岭北缘的分界线,其变形作用细节可以恢复板块碰撞过程中板缘的变形作用。洛栾断裂带走向为290°,倾向NNE,倾角多为67°~80°,由多条近平行的韧性剪切带组成,单个剪切带宽度由几米至上百米不等,西部较窄,东部较宽。洛栾断裂带主要构造活动有四期,第二期强烈的塑性变形形成了大规模的糜棱岩。糜棱岩中的线理倾伏向、矿物σ、δ残斑和石英脉形态等运动学特征均指示断裂带具有由南向北俯冲兼有左行平移的运动学特征。糜棱岩的变形特征显示洛栾断裂带东部的变形机制为晶质塑性变形,西部为低温扩散蠕变、颗粒边界滑移以及晶质塑性变形机制。糜棱岩中的矿物塑性变形序列为:方解石黑云母石英斜长石钾长石。洛栾断裂带长英质糜棱岩的变形相自东向西依次为二长石变形相、石英斜长石变形相和石英变形相。糜棱岩的形成温度为300~550℃,其中东部的温度高于西部。角闪石全铝压力计获得的压力为:0.75~0.95GPa,多硅白云母压力计得出的压力为0.27~0.87 GPa。差异应力为0.32~0.41GPa,应变速率值为3.92917×10~(-11)~3.17713×10~(-16)。雪茄状应变椭球体和大于0.75的涡度显示断裂带为强烈剪切拉伸变形,且西段强于东段。上述特征显示洛栾断裂带是发育于中-中深层次的韧性变形,糜棱岩的变形条件总体属于中温、中压环境下的中等应变条件,但东部温度高于西部,西部差异应力大于东部。相当于东部位于中地壳偏深环境,西部位于上地壳下部-中地壳上部环境,说明洛栾断裂带在后期的抬升过程中东部高于西部。这期糜棱岩的变形是对洛栾断裂带第二期构造活动的响应,真实地反映了洛栾断裂带这期构造活动的构造物理作用过程和形成环境,对解读洛栾断裂带的形成环境有着重要意义。 相似文献
18.
成矿带的展布受地质构造的控制,而地质构造在重磁异常上有明显反映。为了研究秦岭造山带中段重磁异常与成矿
带的关系,该文系统整理、处理了秦岭造山带中段已获得的重磁力测量资料,分析研究了重磁异常的展布特征、推断了研
究区的断裂构造,讨论了结晶基底的起伏特征,并结合区域地质资料及矿床分布资料讨论了重磁场特征及其与地质构造、
成矿带的关系。结果表明,秦岭造山带中段成矿带均分布在重、磁异常梯度带上或几组不同方向异常的交汇部位,尤其在
局部重力高异常范围内及其边部梯度带上矿体富集。这一结果为研究秦岭造山带的地质演化、地质构造（尤其是深部构
造）、断裂分布及下一步的成矿有利区预测提供重要的参考信息。 相似文献
19.
Since lenses of chert are common within the volcano-sedimentary succession hosting the massive sulphide deposits of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (Spain and Portugal), we examined numerous chert occurrences, both petrographically and geochemically, to test their possible value for massive sulphide exploration. The chert is found at two main lithostratigraphic levels (upper and lower) that are also interpreted as massive-sulphide bearing. In both cases the chert is located at the top of acidic volcanic sequences or in the associated sediments; we have not been able to observe the relationships between massive sulphides and chert, but some of the large orebodies of the Province (Lousal, La Zarza, Tharsis, Planes-San Antonio body of Rio Tinto, Neves) are described as being locally capped by chert facies. Four main types are recognized among the chert and associated facies: (1) red hematitic chert?±?magnetite; (2) radiolarian and/or sedimentary-textured (conglomeratic) chert with hematite and/or Mn oxides; (3) pale sulphidic chert; (4) rhodonite and/or Mn carbonate?±?magnetite facies. In the Spanish part of the Province the radiolarian chert is confined to the upper level; the distribution of the other types appears to be haphazard. The hydrothermal origin of the South Iberian chert is shown by its high Fe-Mn and low Co-Ni-Cu contents. The presence of small positive Ce anomalies indicates a shallow marine environment (shelf or epicontinental sea), which is consistent with the volcanological and sedimentological data. The chert was emplaced below the sea floor through chemical precipitation and/or through alteration and replacement of the country rock, residual traces of which are ghost phenocrysts and high Al, Ti and rare earth contents. Macro- and microscopic relationships indicate that the oxide facies (hematite?±?magnetite) formed first, probably providing a protective insulating cover against the marine environment and enabling an evolution towards sulphide facies; a phase of Mn?carbonate and silicate + quartz?±?chlorite + sulphides appears to be even later. It was not possible, through discrimination, to isolate a chert that could be considered as representing a lateral marker of massive sulphides; moreover, both field observations and geochemical data seem to indicate a relative independence of this siliceous sulphide hydrothermal activity from the hydrothermal activity giving rise to the massive sulphides. Such is also indicated by the lead isotopic signature of the chert, which is appreciably more radiogenic than that of the massive sulphides; the lead enrichment in the sulphidic chert facies indicates the participation of a different source (sediments, sea water) from that of the massive sulphides. The hypothesis of an independent hydrothermal “chert” event can thus be envisaged, wherein the chert reflects submarine low-temperature hydrothermal activity that is most apparent during a “break” within the volcano-sedimentary succession and which may locally have competed with the high-temperature hydrothermal activity giving rise to the massive sulphides. The interest of the chert thus rests in its palaeodynamic significance, as a marker of periods of volcanic quiescence, and in its possible role as a protective insulating cap favourable to the deposition of massive sulphides. 相似文献
20.
Emyr Williams 《Tectonophysics》1978,48(3-4)
In western Tasmania Eocambrian and Cambrian rock sequences accumulated in narrow troughs between and within Precambrian regions which became geanticlines. The largest trough is meridional and is flanked by the Tyennan Geanticline to the east and the Rocky Cape Geanticline to the west. Within this trough ultramafic and mafic igneous masses, some of which are dismembered ophiolites, occur below a structurally conformable but erosional surface. This surface is at the base of an early-Middle Cambrian turbidite sequence, which grades upward into a probable correlate of the Owen Conglomerate that ranges into the Ordovician. Fault-bounded areas of Rocky Cape strata occur at the eastern boundary of the sedimentary trough deposits. A considerable pile of mineralized calcalkalic volcanic material, in which granite was emplaced, accumulated between the sedimentary trough deposits and the Tyennan Geanticline. Movements along Cambrian faults near and parallel to the margin of the Tyennan Geanticline caused angular unconformities. Above the unconformities occur volcaniclastic sequences that pass conformably upward into shallow marine and terrestrial Owen Conglomerate, derived from the Tyennan Geanticline.The transgressive Owen Conglomerate and its correlates are followed conformably by shallow marine limestone, of Early to Late Ordovician age. These limestone deposits covered much of western Tasmania and are succeeded conformably by Silurian to Early Devonian beds of shallow-marine quartz sandstone and mudstone.Pre-Middle Devonian rocks of western Tasmania extend to the Tamar Tertiary trough. In the northeast of Tasmania, immediately to the east of the Tamar trough, are sequences of interbedded mudstone and turbidite quartz-wacke of the Mathinna Beds, ranging in age from Early Ordovician to Early Devonian.The Cambrian to Early Devonian rocks of Tasmania are extensively deformed and show flattened parallel folds. In western Tasmania the folds are dated as late-Early to early-Middle Devonian because fragments of the deformed rocks occur in undisturbed Middle Devonian terrestrial cavern fillings. Folds of the northeastern Tasmania Mathinna Beds are probably of the same age. This widespread Devonian deformation is correlated with the Tabberabberan Orogeny of eastern Australia.In western Tasmania the geanticlines of Cambrian times behaved as relatively competent blocks during the Devonian folding, which is of two main phases. In the earlier phase the competent behaviour of the Tyennan Block determined the fold patterns. In the north the dominantly later folds resulted from movement from the northeast. During this later Devonian phase the Tyennan Block yielded in a northwesterly trending narrow zone of folding.In northeast Tasmania the Mathinna Beds exhibit folds which indicate a tectonic transportation opposite in direction to that which resulted in the folds of similar age in western Tasmania.Granitic rocks, dated 375-335 m.y., were emplaced within the folded rocks of Tasmania with usually sharp, discordant contacts. Foliations in the batholiths of northeast Tasmania suggest post-intrusion deformations involving east—west flattening. The late deformations may be related to lateral movements along a fracture zone which brought the Mathinna Beds of northeast Tasmania into juxtaposition with the rocks of contrasting stratigraphical and structural characteristics of western Tasmania.Flat-lying Late Carboniferous and younger deposits rest unconformably on the older rocks. 相似文献