共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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针对自由场土体的非线性地震响应问题,采用悬挂式连续体模型箱,开展了横向一致激励和非一致激励下砂土自由场土体的振动台试验。通过试验,研究了不同地震动、不同地震强度作用下自由场土体的地震动反应特性及其变化规律,包括场地土体的动力特性、加速度地震响应、剪应力-剪应变以及土体的沉降。研究结果表明:土体的非线性发展程度不仅与地震动记录有关,还与地震动输入方式、加载等级有关;与一致激励相比,非一致激励下土体运动的不一致性引起了更强的土体结构性变化,频率降低,阻尼比增大,土体的加速度峰值和频谱峰值均有降低,土体的非线性发展相对较快。土体剪应力-剪应变曲线和沉降曲线的变化规律一定程度上也反映了土体的塑性发展情况,所得结论和自由场地震反应宏观现象一致,彼此佐证了结论的合理性。 相似文献
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为研究卵石土场地地震反应特征,基于四川成都典型卵石土场地,通过振动台模型试验研究卵石土场地在不同地震波、不同地震强度激励下的加速度峰值放大系数、加速度频谱反应及动土压力反应,并且对其场地地震反应非线性效应及土体动剪应力-动剪应变关系进行分析。结果表明：卵石土场地表层土层对地震波具有明显的放大效应,加速度峰值放大系数介于1～1.4之间,下部土层放大效应较小,加速度峰值放大系数介于0.9～1.2之间。卵石土场地对地震波具有低频放大,高频滤波的作用,滤波频率上、下限随激励强度的增大逐渐向低频方向移动。激励强度较小时,土体尚未破坏,动土压力在地震过程中逐渐增大;随着激励强度的增大,动土压力反应明显增大,表现出骤减后逐渐增大的现象。在激励强度较小时(SN1),中部土体最先进入非线性反应阶段,地震波在中部土层能量损耗最大;激励强度较大时(EL3),土体均发生了较大变形,土体最大动剪应变达到1.7%,此时卵石土场地对地震波的放大作用明显减弱。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(6)
Hashash等(2001)提出了土体的剪切模量和阻尼特性与土层深度相关的修正Matasovic(1993)黏弹性本构模型,本文基于ABAQUS/standard软件的子程序开发平台,编制了该修正Matasovic本构模型的子程序模块。以美国密西西比湾深厚场地为研究对象,选取Loma Prieta和Northridge地震动加速度记录作为基岩输入地震动,通过ABAQUS软件的二维场地非线性地震反应分析,给出了该深厚场地的地表加速度时程、反应谱,并与国际专业软件DEEPSOIL的一维场地非线性反应分析结果作了对比,发现两者的结果差别不大。这表明:采用基于ABAQUS软件开发的修正Matasovic土体黏弹性本构模型进行场地非线性地震反应分析,是可行的。目前工程上广泛使用的等效线性化方法存在一些不足之处,本文方法可以为工程应用提供参考和比较。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(3)
地震过程中震动传播的局部场地效应通常用一维的场地反应分析方法来考虑,目前使用最多的是线性、等效线性化和非线性三类,其中国内外分别以LSSRLI-1和SHAKE2000为代表的等效线性化程序使用最为广泛。LSSRLI-1是我国地震安全评价程序,提出已有20多年,为我国的防震减灾事业做出了巨大贡献,但也在实践过程中表现出了一些缺点和不足,是否可以改进有待研究。本文以经典波动理论为基础编制了相应的土层反应分析线性计算程序,并与LSSRLI-1和SHAKE2000就硬和软两种场地上地表加速度反应谱和土体剪应变分布进行了对比分析,考虑了不同输入波以及不同震动强度对分析结果的影响,也讨论了土体剪应变计算偏差对地表反应谱的影响。结果表明:硬和软场地上SHAKE2000计算出地表加速度反应谱和土体剪应变分布均符合较好;硬和软场地上传递函数计算中LSSRLI-1、SHAKE2000和精确解三者一致;硬场地上LSSRLI-1计算所得土体剪应变分布同SHAKE2000和精确解相比偏差很小且对反应谱的影响可以忽略;某些情况下,软场地上LSSRLI-1计算出的土体剪应变分布同SHAKE2000和精确解相比明显偏大,该偏差会导致地表响应显著偏小,说明LSSRLI-1用于软场地地震反应分析时其剪应变求解方法有待改进。 相似文献
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以上海浦东机场二期航站楼软土场地为例,应用二维土体模型和一维土体模型分别计算了深覆盖土层的地震反应,讨论了古河道对场地地震动参数的影响。此外,在二维土层地震反应分析中,进一步对比了基岩面地震波行波输入和一致输入下,场地地震动参数的差异。 相似文献
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软土场地地震反应分析是目前工程场地地震安全性评价中的重要组成部分,对场地设计地震动参数的确定具有重要意义。利用一维场地地震反应分析软件DEEPSOIL,可进行场地线性、等效线性化和时域非线性等多种分析,并可考虑孔隙水压的影响。笔者根据土层计算参数,编制了DEEPSOIL软件场地模型输入文件的自动生成程序,可高效、快速地完成对场地的建模。通过数值算例验证了DEEPSOIL软件的精度。同时通过对某典型Ⅲ类软土场地的地震反应分析,研究了拟合参数的敏感性以及等效线性化方法和时域非线性方法对峰值加速度和地表加速度反应谱的影响,并指出了等效线性化方法在分析软土场地地震反应中的不足。对于软土场地建议采用DEEPSOIL软件进行时域非线性分析,因为其参数简单并容易确定,适合建模快速和使用方便的要求。 相似文献
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宏观震害经验表明,地震中软弱场地、土体非线性以及可液化土层等对上部工程结构、地基基础与地下工程结构物的破坏影响很大.而地震荷载对工程结构的影响主要从惯性力和变形两个方面考虑.对地上建筑结构而言,惯性力起控制作用,土体非线性对惯性力的影响在抗震设计中由反应谱体现,此部分由地震动的加速度反应谱控制;对于地基基础和地下结构而言,土体变形作用超过了惯性力的作用,此部分由地震动中位移响应控制. 相似文献
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An integrated probabilistic seismic hazard analysis procedure that incorporates nonlinear site effects, PSHA-NL, is developed and used to characterize the influence of thick deposits of the upper Mississippi Embayment (ME) on seismic site coefficients. PSHA-NL follows the methodology of the 2002 USGS hazard maps and generates a compatible set of ground motion records. The motions are propagated using nonlinear and equivalent linear site response analyses and ME properties developed in a companion paper and used to derive surface uniform hazard response spectra. A set of generic site coefficients are derived and summarized in a format similar to NEHRP site coefficients, with an added dimension of ME deposits thickness to the Paleozoic rock, a physically meaningful impedance boundary. These coefficients compare well with NEHRP site coefficients for 30 m profiles. For thicker soil profiles, developed site coefficients are lower at short periods and higher at long periods than NEHRP site coefficients. 相似文献
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To provide appropriate uses of nonlinear ground response analysis for engineering practice, a three-dimensional soil column with a distributed mass system and a time domain numerical analysis were implemented on the OpenSees simulation platform. The standard mesh of a three-dimensional soil column was suggested to be satisfied with the specified maximum frequency. The layered soil column was divided into multiple sub-soils with a different viscous damping matrix according to the shear velocities as the soil properties were significantly different. It was necessary to use a combination of other one-dimensional or three-dimensional nonlinear seismic ground analysis programs to confirm the applicability of nonlinear seismic ground motion response analysis procedures in soft soil or for strong earthquakes. The accuracy of the three-dimensional soil column finite element method was verified by dynamic centrifuge model testing under different peak accelerations of the earthquake. As a result, nonlinear seismic ground motion response analysis procedures were improved in this study. The accuracy and efficiency of the three-dimensional seismic ground response analysis can be adapted to the requirements of engineering practice. 相似文献
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A numerical study on the influence that cracks and discontinuities (closed cracks) can have on the seismic response of a hypothetical soil–structure system is presented and discussed. A 2-D finite-difference model of the soil was developed, considering a bilinear failure surface using a Mohr–Coulomb model. The cracks are simulated with interface elements. The soil stiffness is used to characterize the contact force that is generated when the crack closes. For the cases studied herein, it was considered that the crack does not propagate during the dynamic event. Both cases, open and closed cracks, are considered. The nonlinear behavior was accounted for approximately using equivalent linear properties calibrated against several 1-D wave propagation analyses of selected soil columns with variable depth to account for changes in depth to bed rock. Free field boundaries were used at the edges of the 2-D finite-difference model to allow for energy dissipation of the reflected waves. The effect of cracking on the seismic response was evaluated by comparing the results of site response analysis with and without crack, for several lengths and orientations. The changes in the response obtained for a single crack and a family of cracks were also evaluated. Finally, the impact that a crack may have on the structural response of nearby structures was investigated by solving the seismic-soil–structure interaction of two structures, one flexible and one rigid to bracket the response. From the results of this investigation, insight was gained regarding the effect that discontinuities may have both on the seismic response of soil deposits and on nearby soil–structure systems. 相似文献
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Amplification of earthquake-induced seismic waves by soft superficial deposits often causes significant damages in the urban areas. In predicting this effect for large future earthquakes, the linear elastic response of soils is customarily assumed. To check this assumption, we have analyzed surface and downhole acceleration data from the SMART1 and SMART2 strong motion arrays in Taiwan, covering peak accelerations of up to 0·3 g. First, frequency-dependent amplification induced by the alluvial deposits at the SMART1 array was estimated using spectral ratio technique, where the records at rock site were taken as a reference motion. Statistically validated reduction in soil amplification in the strong motion relative to the weak motion in the frequency range between approximately 1 and 9 Hz was detected. Secondly, relative site responses between the Pleistocene and recent sedimentary deposits at the SMART2 array were studied. Relative amplification was shown to be clearly dependent on the excitation level. Thirdly, we compared experimentally recorded uphole/downhole spectral ratios on weak and strong ground motion with the theoretical response yielded by the geotechnical code DESRA2 which assumes hysteretic constitutive relationship of soil. Major symptoms of nonlinear ground behavior predicted by the model were found in the observed data. Back-calculation of the shear wave velocities to the depth of 47 m shows nearly 50% decrease in the strongest quakes, also accounted for by the nonlinear soil behavior. 相似文献
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The current seismic design philosophy is based on nonlinear behavior of structures where the foundation soil is often simplified by a modification of the input acceleration depending on the expected site effects. The latter are generally limited to depend on the shear-wave velocity profile or a classification of the site. Findings presented in this work illustrate the importance of accounting for both soil nonlinearity due to seismic liquefaction and for soil-structure interaction when dealing with liquefiable soil deposits. This paper concerns the assessment of the effect of excess pore pressure (\(\Delta p_{w}\)) and deformation for the nonlinear response of liquefiable soils on the structure’s performance. For this purpose a coupled \(\Delta p_{w}\) and soil deformation (CPD) analysis is used to represent the soil behavior. A mechanical-equivalent fully drained decoupled (DPD) analysis is also performed. The differences between the analyses on different engineering demand parameters are evaluated. The results allow to identify and to quantify the differences between the analyses. Thus, it is possible to establish the situations for which the fully drained analysis might tend to overestimate or underestimate the structure’s demand. 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2021,20(3)
The direct finite element method is a type commonly used for nonlinear seismic soil-structure interaction(SSI) analysis. This method introduces a truncated boundary referred to as an artificial boundary meant to divide the soilstructure system into finite and infinite domains. An artificial boundary condition is used on a truncated boundary to achieve seismic input and simulate the wave radiation effect of infinite domain. When the soil layer is particularly thick, especially for a three-dimensional problem, the computational efficiency of seismic SSI analysis is very low due to the large size of the finite element model, which contains an whole thick soil layer. In this paper, an accurate and efficient scheme is developed to solve the nonlinear seismic SSI problem regarding thick soil layers. The process consists of nonlinear site response and SSI analysis. The nonlinear site response analysis is still performed for the whole thick soil layer. The artificial boundary at the bottom of the SSI analysis model is subsequently relocated upward from the bottom of the soil layer(bedrock surface) to the location nearest to the structure as possible. Finally, three types of typical sites and underground structures are adopted with seismic SSI analysis to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed efficient analysis scheme. 相似文献
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