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1.
在三轴压缩下大理岩循环加载实验的初步研究   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7  
在围压10、50、100和200MPa,应变率5×10-5/s和室温条件下,采用山东掖县大理岩岩样,在800t高温高压伺服三轴流变仪上进行了连续加载和循环加载实验.对岩样的残余强度和弹性模量的变化等问题进行了初步研究.得出:在低围压下(<100MPa),残余强度与超过极限强度后的循环加载次数有关;超过极限强度后加载弹性模量随着非弹性应变的增加而减小,并趋于一个极限值.在高围压下(≥100MPa),残余强度几乎与超过极限强度后的循环加载次数无关;超过极限强度或者产生应变强化后加载弹性模量几乎不随非弹性应变的增加而减小.  相似文献   

2.
Shear moduli of volcanic soils   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The shear modulus of soils is one of the important parameters in small strain level geotechnical problems (i.e. the study of earthquake effects and soil–structure interaction). In this paper, the shear moduli of crushable volcanic soils at small strain level were investigated in bender element and cyclic undrained triaxial tests. Comparison of results shows that the shear moduli from bender element tests agree well with those determined in cyclic triaxial tests. The influence of particle breakage, effective confining pressure, consolidation time, void ratio and fines content on the shear modulus are also discussed. In the present study, empirical equations for evaluating the shear modulus of granular materials with particle breakage are proposed based on the test results.  相似文献   

3.
Stiffness degradation of natural fine grained soils during cyclic loading   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Cyclic behavior of natural fine grained soils under a broad range of strains were investigated considering the effects of plasticity index and changes in confining pressures based on cyclic triaxial tests. A total of 98 stress controlled cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on normally consolidated and slightly overconsolidated samples. The investigation was divided into two parts. The first part consists of stress controlled cyclic triaxial tests under different stress amplitudes that were conducted to estimate the modulus reduction and the thresholds between nonlinear elastic, elasto-plastic and viscoplastic behavior. The second part involves the investigation of the undrained stress–strain behavior of fine grained soils under irregular cyclic loadings. The results showed that the elastic threshold is approximately equal to 90% of Gmax. Another transition point was defined as the flow threshold where the value of tangent of shear modulus ratio changes for the second time. Simple empirical relationships to estimate the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio was formulated and compared with the similar empirical relationships proposed in the literature. The results provide useful guidelines for preliminary estimation of dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio values for fine grained soils based on laboratory tests.  相似文献   

4.
Frozen soil plays an important role on the stability of railway and highway subgrade in cold regions. However, the dynamic properties of frozen soil subjected to the freeze–thaw cycles have rarely been investigated. In this study, cryogenic cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on frozen compacted sand from Nehe, Heilongjiang Province in China which was subjected to the closed-system freeze–thaw cycles. A modified Hardin hyperbolic model was suggested to describe the backbone curves. Then, dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio versus cyclic shear strain were analyzed under the different freeze–thaw cycles, temperatures, initial water contents, loading frequencies and confining pressures. The results indicate that the freeze–thaw process plays a significant effect on the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio, which slightly change after one freeze–thaw cycle. Dynamic shear modulus increases with increasing initial water content, temperature, loading frequency and confining pressure. Damping ratio increases with increasing initial water content, while decreases with increasing temperature and loading frequency. The effect of confining pressure on the damping ratio was found not significant. Furthermore, the empirical expressions were formulated to estimate dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of the frozen compacted sand. The results provide guidelines for evaluating the infrastructures in cold regions.  相似文献   

5.
不同含水率下滑坡滑带土动力特性试验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
甘肃舟曲泄流坡滑坡地处活跃断层破裂带内,断层活动控制着该滑坡的发育和运动。为了研究该滑坡滑带土的动力特性,采用重塑滑带土样,在固结不排水条件下,利用分级循环加载法开展动三轴试验,重点探讨含水率的变化对滑带土动力特性的影响规律。试验结果表明:含水率一定时,泄流坡滑坡滑带土的动弹性模量随动应变的增大呈指数形式减小;动应变一定时,动弹性模量随含水率的增大而不断减小,且衰减速率随含水率的增大而增大;含水率并不影响动弹性模量-动应变关系曲线的形态,不同含水率下该关系曲线可以进行归一化。滑带土阻尼比随含水率的增大而增大,阻尼比-动应变关系曲线也具有归一化特征。不同含水率下泄流坡滑带土动应力-应变本构关系可以用双曲线模型进行描述。  相似文献   

6.
Shear modulus and damping ratio of grouted sand   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
An experimental comparative study of three different grouted sands in terms of their effects on the values of two dynamic properties is presented. The dynamic properties studied are the shear modulus and the damping ratio which are determined with resonant column tests and cyclic triaxial tests. The behaviour of a pure Fontainebleau sand is compared with the behaviour of a Fontainebleau sand grouted with a silicate grout, a micro-fine cement grout and a mineral grout. The effects of the grouting treatment, the type of grout, the confining pressure, and the strains, on the shear modulus and the damping ratio are studied. The test results have shown that grouting improves the stiffness of the sand especially for small strains. Whatever the type of material, confining stress improves the shear modulus whereas it has a negligible effect on the damping ratio. When strain increases, the shear modulus decreases and the damping ratio increases.  相似文献   

7.
为研究天津滨海新区深层黏土动力特性,借助GDS动三轴仪器对应变控制条件下天津滨海新区深层黏土的动弹性模量及阻尼比的变化规律进行研究。每组试验中将相应深度土体上覆土层压力作为试验围压,其间只改变控制应变进行循环三轴试验。试验结果表明,土体动弹性模量、阻尼比受围压影响有一个限值,超过这个限值(约3倍参考围压),围压对土体动弹性模量、阻尼比影响很小,但土体动应变对其影响较大。  相似文献   

8.
针对广西上林县原状红黏土开展一系列循环加载动三轴试验,分析天然含水率、围压与固结应力比等对红黏土动力特性,包话动应力-动应变关系、动弹性模量以及阻尼比等的影响来研究循环荷载作用下红黏土的动力特性。试验结果表明:广西原状红黏土动应力-动应变关系曲线接近双曲线;由于初始剪应力的影响,达到相同的动应变,在均压固结下所需的动应力比在偏压固结下所需动应力要小;动弹性模量随着动应变的增加而减小,且减小幅度随应变增加逐渐减小,初始应力状态对动弹性模量的影响最为显著;固结应力比、围压、含水率和振动次数等对阻尼比均有影响,综合反映在阻尼比随动应变增加而减小,阻尼比离散性较大,取值范围在0.05~0.20之间。利用Konder双曲线模型对试验数据进行拟合,得到相关参数,可为广西地区原状红黏土动力特性设计和数值计算提供一定的理论和参数支持。  相似文献   

9.
Subgrade soils of traffic infrastructures are subjected to large numbers of load applications at a stress level below their shear strength. It is therefore of great practical relevance to study the deformation behavior of soft clay under long-term cyclic loading. In this study, a series of monotonic triaxial tests and long-term cyclic (50,000 cycles) triaxial tests have been carried out to investigate the undrained deformation behavior of undisturbed soft clay from Wenzhou, China. The stress–strain hysteretic loop, resilient modulus and permanent strain of the tested samples were found significantly dependent on CSR and confining pressure. With an increase of CSR and confining pressure, the resilient modulus decreases more significantly with increasing number of cycles and the accumulation rate of permanent strain increases. Furthermore, the shape of the stress–strain hysteretic loop almost remains unchanged and the resilient modulus tends to a steady value after a large number of cycles. Based on the experimental results, two equations are established for the prediction of long-term resilient modulus and permanent strain. Finally, a new critical value of 0.65 is suggested for CSR. When CSR>0.65, the resilient modulus for large number of cycles is reduced to a so called “asymptotic stiffness” and the accumulation rate of permanent strain significantly increases.  相似文献   

10.
In the first part of this study, a series of stress-controlled hollow cylinder cyclic torsional triaxial shear tests were conducted on loose to medium dense saturated samples of clean Toyoura sand to investigate its liquefaction behavior. A uniform cyclic sinusoidal loading at a 0.1 Hz frequency was applied to air-pluviated samples where confining pressure and relative density was varied. Cyclic shear stress–strain changes, the number of cycles to reach liquefaction and pore pressure variations were recorded. Results indicate that the liquefaction resistances of uniform sands are significantly affected by the method of sample preparation and initial conditions.  相似文献   

11.
为研究上海第4层软土在循环荷载作用下的动力特性变化规律,采用原状土进行室内动三轴试验,分析不同动应力比和频率对上海第4层软土动强度的影响。试验结果表明:对于上海第4层软土,其剪切模量与应变关系曲线几乎不受动应力比和频率的影响;剪切模量的下降主要发生在应变0~1%阶段;由于应变速率效应的影响,高频率时试样破环所需的循环次数要大于低频率时;动应力比达到0.2时土样才发生破坏;在土的不同应变阶段,频率对应变增幅的影响效果不同。  相似文献   

12.
采用动三轴试验系统对加筋土试样进行固结不排水三轴剪切试验。研究了在不同加筋材料、不同加筋层数、不同围压、不同固结应力比条件下的加筋土的动弹性模量变化规律,并与素土试样试验结果进行对比。研究结果表明,加筋土的动弹性模量随围压和固结应力比的增加而增大,窗纱加筋试样的最大动模量相比素土有了较大的提高,并随着加筋层数的增加而增大,土工布加筋土试样最大动弹模量与素土的最大动弹模量增减趋势不明确。  相似文献   

13.
Cement stabilization is often used to improve the bearing capacity and compressibility of soft clays. The present paper aims to investigate the shear modulus degradation of cement treated clay during cyclic loading. A series of cyclic triaxial test was conducted on artificially cement treated marine clay to study the factors affecting the shear modulus degradation. The parameters considered for the study are cement content (2.5–7.5%), curing days (7–28), cyclic shear strain amplitude (0.3–1%), number of loading cycles (1–100) and loading frequency (0.1–0.5 Hz). As in the case of natural clays, cement treated clays exhibit stiffness degradation which depends on mix ratio, curing days and loading conditions. The results show that the shear modulus degradation decreases with increase in the shear strain amplitude, cement content and curing days. It is also noted that irrespective of the mix ratio and curing conditions, the degradation decreases with increase in loading frequency. An empirical relationship is proposed to predict the shear modulus degradation based on Idriss׳s degradation model. The performance of the proposed empirical model is validated with the present experimental results.  相似文献   

14.
The availability of efficient numerical techniques and high speed computation facilities for carrying out the nonlinear dynamic analysis of soil-structure interaction problems and the analysis of ground response due to earthquake loading increase the demand for proper estimation of dynamic properties of soil at small strain as well as at large strain levels. Accurate evaluation of strain dependent dynamic properties of soil such as shear modulus and damping characteristics along with the liquefaction potential are the most important criteria for the assessments of geotechnical problems involving dynamic loading. In this paper the results of resonant column tests and undrained cyclic triaxial tests are presented for Kasai River sand. A new correlation for dynamic shear damping (Ds) and maximum dynamic shear modulus (Gmax) are proposed for the sand at small strain. The proposed relationships and the observed experimental data match quite well. The proposed relationships are also compared with the published relationships for other sands. The liquefaction potential of the sand is estimated at different relative densities and the damping characteristics at large strain level is also reported. An attempt has been made to correlate the Gmax with the cyclic strength of the soil and also with the deviator stress (at 1% strain) from static triaxial tests.  相似文献   

15.
动三轴试验中,若在一定轴向静偏应力基础上施加对称正弦波荷载,土体会在荷载正半部分出现轴向压缩状态,而在荷载负半部分有可能因为侧向应力大于轴向应力而出现轴向等效拉伸状态,将此类荷载暂称为等效拉压荷载。为研究等效拉压荷载下饱和粉质黏土的弹塑性变形,设计了多级正弦波荷载室内不排水动三轴试验。依据试验数据揭示了围压、静偏应力、动偏应力和压实系数对土体弹塑性变形发展的影响,并提出用拉压效应系数来确定轴向塑性累积应变的发展趋势。研究表明:若取轴向压缩方向为正方向,拉压效应系数存在一临界值,当实际值大于临界值时,塑性累积应变向负方向发展,反之则向正方向发展或基本保持不变;同时Hardin模型可以较好地描述饱和粉质黏土的动弹模-动应变关系,且塑性累积应变向负方向发展时动弹模量普遍偏小。  相似文献   

16.
A laboratory study on the undrained dynamic behavior of saturated clays in cyclic triaxial tests with a variable confining pressure (VCP tests) is presented. Tests were performed on remolded clayey samples using a dynamic triaxial device where the deviatoric stress and confining pressure can be varied simultaneously. Various cyclic stress paths have been applied on the specimens through varying the ratios or phase differences between the cyclic deviatoric stress and cyclic confining pressure. Specifically, the stress paths used in the present study were designed to simulate the coupling effects of simultaneously varying shear and normal stresses in clays due to earthquakes and other vibration sources. Test results obtained from this study show that the undrained response of saturated clays is strongly influenced by the variation of confining pressure, in terms of pore water pressure, development speed of cyclic strain and magnitude of cyclic strength. It is found that when strong P-waves are propagating in soil layers, VCP tests are more appropriate for the simulation of in situ stress fields than the conventional cyclic triaxial tests with a constant confining pressure (CCP tests).  相似文献   

17.
利用室内SDT-20动三轴试验机对贵阳原状红黏土进行循环荷载作用下动力特性试验,探究不同围压、固结应力比和振动频率对红黏土动力学参数的影响,结合实验数据及参数模型拟合贵阳红黏土动应力应变关系、动弹性模量及阻尼比经验公式,结果表明:贵阳红黏土动本构关系仍符合H-D双曲线增长模型,动弹性模量随动应变增长非线性衰减,阻尼比随动应变增长非线性增加。围压及固结应力比对红黏土动力学参数具有显著影响,围压及固结应力比增大,动变形减小,动弹性模量增加,阻尼比降低,同等条件下,提高振动频率,动力学参数显示出与围压及固结应力比相同规律,但不显著。基于H-D模型,给出了贵阳原状红黏土双曲线模型参数,通过多元回归分析,拟合并提出针对贵阳红黏土的在不同试验条件下动弹性模量衰减及阻尼比经验公式,给出相应的拟合参数。  相似文献   

18.
A series of cyclic triaxial tests on clayey sands was carried out and attempts were made to evaluate the strain dependency of shear modulus and damping. Strain dependencies of shear modulus and damping were simply modeled. It was shown that the change in the effective confining stress with loading cycles in the undrained shear test needed to be considered particularly in the large strain range. The consideration could be made by normalizing G with G0=AF(e)(σ′mmr)n, the initial shear modulus for the effective confining stress of that particular loading cycle, instead of using G0. G/G0 was expressed by a function of γ as G/G0=1/(1+bgγ) which was almost stress level independent for clayey sands used in this study. The damping ratio was not much affected by the confining stress. The strain dependency of the damping ratio was modeled by h=ahγ/(1+bhγ). Effects of load irregularity on the shear modulus were also investigated. The excess pore pressure and the residual strain were generated especially when the major peaks in the irregular loading were applied to the specimen. However, G/G0 for the irregular loading could be represented reasonably well by the average curve for the uniform cyclic loading, if the excess pore water pressure and the residual strain were taken into account.  相似文献   

19.
通过动三轴试验,研究了橡胶水泥土复合试样的动强度、动弹性模量和阻尼比等动力参数的变化规律,着重研究了橡胶粉掺量、围压和应变3个主要因素的影响并分析了内在机理。在围压不变的情况下,随着橡胶粉掺量的增大,橡胶水泥土复合试样动强度降低。围压越大,动强度越高,受橡胶粉掺量的影响越小。随着围压的增大,动弹性模量增大而阻尼比减小;随着橡胶粉掺量的增加,动弹性模量减小而阻尼比增大。通过数据拟合,得到了橡胶水泥土动弹性模量和阻尼比的计算公式。橡胶粉可以提高水泥土吸收能量的能力,采用橡胶水泥土作为地基处理材料时,能够起到减震的作用。  相似文献   

20.
西昌昔格达组黏土岩动力特性试验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在大量动三轴试验的基础上,研究了不同固结条件(σ3c=100,200,400 kPa,kc=1.0,1.5,2.0)下西昌昔格达组黏土岩的动应力-动应变关系、动弹性模量、阻尼比及动强度特性。研究结果表明:西昌昔格达组黏土岩在一定条件下的动应力-动应变关系符合幂函数模型。动应力随着固结围压σ3c或固结主压力比kc增大而增大。在相同围压下,达到相同动应变时,偏压固结状态比均压状态所需要的动应力大。当其他条件相同时,动弹性模量随固结压力或固结主压力比增大而增大,随着动应变的增加而减小并趋于稳定。最大动弹性模量Ed0与σ3c/Pa、kc均有良好的幂函数关系,且对不同固结应力状态条件可以归一。阻尼比随动应变增大而增大,但增大幅度随动应变增大而迅速减小,阻尼比随围压或固结主压力比增大而减小,但它们对阻尼比影响较小。不同固结应力状态下(λ/λmax)与(1-Ed/Ed0)有良好的幂函数关系。西昌昔格达组饱和黏土岩动剪应力τd随固结围压σ3c或固结主压力比kc增大而增大,随振动次数增加而减小。τd/σm均随固结围压σ3c增大而减小,随固结压力比kc增大而增大。动剪应力τd与平均压力σm、固结主压力比kc有较好的线性关系。  相似文献   

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