共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
粗粒土的破碎耗能计算及影响因素 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
粗粒土的颗粒破碎直接改变了土体本身结构,对粗粒土的剪胀和内摩擦角都会产生影响。在土体剪切过程中,体积应力和剪切应力在体积应变和剪切应变上做功,这部分能量在剪切过程中转化为颗粒的弹性储能、颗粒间的摩擦耗能、颗粒剪胀时对外做功和颗粒破碎耗能4部分。准确计算剪切过程中粗粒土破碎耗能的目的是：从能量角度分析颗粒破碎对土体本构关系的影响,为建立考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土本构关系创造条件。通过分析粗粒土的常规三轴试验数据,计算得到了剪切过程中的粗粒土破碎耗能。计算结果表明,常规三轴试验条件下粗粒土破碎耗能主要受固结应力、土体摩擦系数M等因素的影响。 相似文献
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考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土剪胀性统一本构模型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
粗粒土作为无黏性散粒状材料具有状态依赖特性,土体的剪切特性受密度和应力水平影响。易破碎是粗粒土的另一个特点,颗粒破碎影响粗粒土的剪胀、内摩擦角、峰值强度和渗透系数。为了能够准确地描述粗粒土的应力-应变关系,采用初始状态参量描述粗粒土的内部状态,根据三轴试验数据建立考虑颗粒破碎耗能的应力-应变关系,采用相关联流动法则推导考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土剪胀性“统一本构模型”,并建立初始状态参量与模型参数之间的关系。所建立的统一本构模型既考虑了颗粒破碎对剪胀、内摩擦角的影响,又考虑了剪切特性对土体初始状态的依赖。采用变异粒子群算法拟合试验曲线,确定模型参数。模型计算结果能够很好地拟合试验曲线。采用同一组参数对假定的初始状态进行模拟计算,计算结果表明,模型能够模拟不同初始密度和应力水平下粗粒土变形的一般规律。 相似文献
3.
考虑颗粒破碎影响的粗粒土本构模型 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
颗粒破碎直接改变了粗粒土本身结构,对粗粒土的剪胀、内摩擦角、峰值强度、渗透系数都会产生影响。为了能够准确地描述粗粒土的应力-应变关系,特别是高应力条件下出现显著颗粒破碎时的应力-应变关系,亟待建立考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土本构模型。根据三轴试验数据,建立考虑颗粒破碎耗能的应力-应变关系,采用相关联流动法则导出考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土本构模型。所建立的本构模型考虑了颗粒破碎对粗粒土剪胀、内摩擦角的影响。通过变异粒子群优化算法确定模型参数,拟合试验曲线。模型计算结果与试验曲线拟合较好,能够很好地描述粗粒土在不同围压下的体积剪胀、剪缩和应力硬化、软化现象。 相似文献
4.
颗粒破碎对于粗粒土的应力变形性质有显著影响。在Rowe剪胀方程的基础上考虑颗粒破碎耗能的影响,并引入颗粒破碎的演化规律对颗粒破碎耗能进行计算,得到了一个简单实用且对粗粒土适用性较好的剪胀方程。主要结论如下：（1）通过粗粒土的三轴CD试验结果分析并证明了弹性应变对于剪胀比的影响较小,因此,可以将剪胀比 表示为 ,进而得到了剪胀方程表达式的一般形式。（2）将剪胀方程中的临界状态应力比Mc折减为摩擦系数M,并引入了颗粒破碎的演化规律,将M定量表示为广义剪应变的函数,从而使得所计算的破碎耗能在剪切过程中是递增的,且逐渐趋于稳定值,符合了颗粒破碎不可逆的规律。（3）试验表明,剪胀方程中的未知量 与摩擦系数M之间呈现显著的线性关系,将该关系代入剪胀方程即确定了方程的具体表达形式,并且利用堆石料的三轴CD试验证明了其对粗粒土的剪胀性预测效果较好。 相似文献
5.
粗粒料在外力作用下存在明显的颗粒破碎特性,研究颗粒破碎过程是当前研究的热点问题之一。基于粗粒料单颗粒破碎机制,考虑单颗粒破碎强度与直径的变化规律,采用非线性接触H-Z模型和密度控制法建立了粗粒料颗粒破碎数值模型。开展粗粒料双轴剪切试验数值模拟研究,并与室内试验结果进行对比分析。研究表明：建立的粗粒料颗粒破碎数值模型能够较好地模拟粗粒料偏应力与轴向应变和体积应变与轴向应变的关系;数值模拟获得的粗粒料颗粒破碎率与室内试验结果基本一致;去除试样制备过程和固结过程引起的颗粒破碎,不同围压条件下的颗粒破碎率归一化后基本重合,且可以近似地采用双曲线函数进行拟合。颗粒破碎率随着围压的增大,逐渐增大,试验级配趋于Einav提出的颗粒破碎的最终级配（分维数等于2.6） 相似文献
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考虑颗粒破碎引起级配演变的粗粒料屈服函数研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
级配作为粗粒料的重要物理特性,显著影响着粗粒料本身的力学性质。准确预测土体在加载过程中的级配演变,是有效分析土体结构全寿命周期强度和变形特性的基础。引入Einav的分形破碎理论,认为土体在加载过程中的颗粒破碎耗能增量正比于颗粒分形破碎率增量,结合考虑颗粒破碎的能量平衡方程,选取已有文献中的试验数据,对粗粒料加载过程中的级配演变进行了研究,提出了一种预测试样加载过程中级配演变的方法。在此基础上,建立了一个可以反映粗粒料级配演变的屈服函数,对该屈服面函数进行了初步探讨。每一个屈服面对应土体的一个级配演化曲线;屈服面是土体剪切应变的等值面,屈服面的轨迹和剪应变大小密切相关。 相似文献
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粗粒料是一定级配的岩石颗粒集合体,具有独特的物理力学特性。以粗粒料室内三轴固结排水试验成果为基础,基于离散元颗粒流理论,从细观角度出发,以PFC3D为工具,通过自编程及二次开发,得到按级配生成的粗粒料三轴试验数值模型。引入clump颗粒考虑颗粒形状对粗粒料强度及变形的影响,分析剪胀、颗粒形状、颗粒重排的关系。结果表明：颗粒形状是影响粗粒料强度与变形的主要因素,在其他细观参数一定的情况下,改变颗粒形状,可以显著影响粗粒料的力学行为;BPM模型的应力-应变关系只在低围压下与试验值吻合,随着围压的增大,偏差越来越大;而引入clump颗粒的PFC3D数值模型能很好地模拟粗粒料室内三轴固结排水试验的应力-应变特性,但由于BPM及clump都是刚性颗粒,没有考虑颗粒变形及破碎,造成应变剪胀偏大。 相似文献
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针对粗粒料的应变软化、剪胀等力学特性,通过考虑以剪切带为标志的应变局部化现象,建立了具有广泛适用性的剪切损伤力学模型。损伤模型采用了包体理论中的剪切带数学简化,基于应变等价原理、Weibull分布,推导了粗粒料的应力-应变关系方程。从剪胀作用的机制出发,提出可以描述剪胀弱化的轴向塑性应变和体积塑性应变的非线性函数关系。结合粗粒料三轴压缩试验中的伺服过程,提出了基于遗传算法的损伤模型参数确定方法。通过开展不同围压下的粗粒料三轴压缩试验,对剪切损伤力学模型进行验证,进一步分析了参数演化对粗粒料强度和变形特征的影响。研究结果表明,考虑应变局部化特征的剪切损伤力学模型可以高精度的模拟粗粒料的应变软化和剪胀等特征,有效揭示剪切带内部变形对试样整体宏观变形的影响机制,模型中剪切带参数和围压的关系与粗粒料细观机制一致,计算得到强度组成与颗粒破碎、重组特征较为吻合。 相似文献
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颗粒破碎在岩土工程领域是很常见的现象,土工试验中无法显示颗粒破碎过程及其影响,本文采用离散单元软件PFC2D模拟了考虑颗粒破碎影响的粗粒土的直剪试验,给出了考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土直剪试验的模拟方法,分析粗粒土的剪应力-剪切位移关系、剪胀和剪切强度等宏观力学行为,探讨基本颗粒间黏聚力、单颗粒孔隙率和粗粒土试样的孔隙率对剪切强度的影响。结果表明:颗粒破碎对剪切强度的破碎准则有影响,颗粒不破碎试样的剪切强度符合Mohr-Coulomb准则;颗粒破碎试样的强度包络线是幂函数关系。 相似文献
11.
An elastoplastic constitutive model for frozen saline coarse sandy soil undergoing particle breakage
The mechanical property of frozen saline sandy soil is complicated due to its complex components and sensitivity to salt content and confining pressure. Thus, a series of triaxial compression tests were carried out on sandy samples with different Na2SO4 contents under different confining pressures to explore the effects of particle breakage, pressure melting, shear dilation and strain softening or hardening. The test results indicate that the stress–strain curves exhibit strain softening/hardening phenomena when the confining pressures are below or above 6 MPa, respectively. A shear dilation phenomenon was observed in the loading process. With increasing confining pressure, the strength firstly increases and then decreases. By taking into consideration the changes between the grain size distributions before and after triaxial compression tests, a failure strength line incorporating the influences of both particle breakage and pressure melting is proposed. In order to describe the deformation characteristics of frozen saline sandy soil, an elastoplastic incremental constitutive model is established based on the test results. The proposed model considers the plastic compressive, plastic shear and breakage mechanisms by adopting the non-associated flow rule. The breakage mechanism can be reflected by an index related to the initial, current and ultimate grain size distributions. The hardening parameters corresponding to compressive and shear mechanisms consider the influence of particle breakage. Then the effect of particle breakage on both the stress–strain and volumetric strain curves is analyzed. The calculated results fit well with the test results, indicating that the developed constitutive model can well describe the mechanical and deformation features of frozen saline sandy soil under various stress levels and stress paths. In addition, the strain softening/hardening, contraction, high dilation and particle breakage can be well captured.
相似文献12.
Rail tracks undergo degradation owing to particle breakage and fouling of ballast by various fines including coal and subgrade soil. As the ballast becomes fouled, its strength and drainage capacity are compromised, sometimes resulting in differential settlement and reduced track stability. This paper demonstrates a continuum mechanics based framework to evaluate the detrimental effect of fines on the strength, deformation and degradation of coal-fouled ballast under monotonic loading. An elastoplastic constitutive model that considers the effect of fines content and energy consumption associated with particle breakage during shearing is presented. This multiphase constitutive model is developed within a critical state framework based on a kinematic-type yield locus and a modified stress-dilatancy approach. A general formulation for the rate of ballast breakage and coal particle breakage during triaxial shearing is presented and incorporated into the plastic flow rule to accurately predict the stress–strain response of coal-fouled ballast at various confining pressures. The behaviour of ballast at various levels of fouling is analysed and validated by experimental data. 相似文献
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堆石料颗粒破碎是引起高土石坝变形的重要因素。在大坝填筑、蓄水期,堆石料的应力路径和干湿状态均是变化的。通过大型三轴试验,系统地研究了应力路径和干湿状态对堆石料颗粒破碎规律的影响。试验结果表明：（1）相同初始条件下,按不同应力路径达到同一轴向应变停机时测定的颗粒破碎率是不同的,等围压?3试验产生的颗粒破碎最大,等平均主应力p试验的次之,等最大主应力?1试验的最小,但不同应力路径下的颗粒级配演化规律是一致的。（2）相同初始条件下,湿样的颗粒破碎率明显高于干样,且二者的差距随着围压的增大而增大,不同干湿条件下的颗粒级配演化规律同样是一致的。（3）建立的考虑母岩强度的颗粒破碎率与塑性功的关系可以较好地统一描述不同应力路径及干湿状态下的颗粒破碎。该研究成果可为建立复杂应力路径及干湿变化条件下考虑颗粒破碎的堆石料弹塑性本构模型提供依据。 相似文献
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Acta Geotechnica - An elastic–plastic constitutive model considering particle breakage for simulation of crushable granular soils behavior is proposed. In the model, elastic strain rates are... 相似文献
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A new elastoplastic model is developed for rockfills within the general critical state framework incorporating the state parameter. Two state functions are proposed to characterize the evolution of volume dilation and strain softening of rockfills, and a modified breakage index based on the concept of Hardin's relative breakage is defined to describe the progressive crushing of rockfills. The nonassociated plastic flow rule is derived from a state dependent dilatancy equation, and it incorporates energy dissipation due to intrinsic nonlinear friction and particle breakage upon shearing. Thus, their couple effect on the plastic deviatoric and volumetric deformation of rockfills is taken into account in the current model. The numerical analyses are carried out for a series of drained triaxial tests on the modeled rockfills at various consolidation pressures and stress paths. The volume dilation/contraction and strain softening/hardening of rockfills are accurately predicted by the proposed model, and the particle breakage and nonlinear critical state shear strength of rockfills are also well captured. The research findings indicate that the current model is applicable to represent the complex stress–strain–volume change behavior of rockfills in general. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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This study investigates the influence of the intermediate principle stress on the particle breakage of granular materials. The crushable agglomerate method is applied to model soil particles and numerical true triaxial tests were carried out. The results show that particle breakage increases with increasing b value, the relationship of which follows an exponential function and agrees well with previous experimental results. More importantly, the study found that the relationship between particle breakage and total energy input is independent of the intermediate principle stress, which provides a good basis for the constitutive modeling of granular materials. 相似文献
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This article presents a fundamental study on the role of particle breakage on the shear behavior of granular soils using the three‐dimensional (3‐D) discrete element method. The effects of particle breakage on the stress ratio, volumetric strain, plastic deformation, and shear failure behavior of dense crushable specimens undergoing plane strain shearing conditions are thoroughly investigated through a variety of micromechanical analyses and mechanism demonstrations. The simulation of a granular specimen is based on the effective modeling of realistic fracture behavior of single soil particles, which is demonstrated by the qualitative agreement between the results from platen compression simulations and those from physical laboratory tests. The simulation results show that the major effects of particle breakage include the reduction of volumetric dilation and peak stress ratio and more importantly the plastic deformation mechanisms and the shear failure modes vary as a function of soil crushability. Consistent macro‐ and micromechanical evidence demonstrates that shear banding and massive volumetric contraction depict the two end failure modes of a dense specimen, which is dominated by particle rearrangement–induced dilation and particle crushing–induced compression, respectively, with a more general case being the combination and competition of the two failure modes in the medium range of soil crushability and confining stress. However, it is further shown that a highly crushable specimen will eventually develop a shear band at a large strain because of the continuous decay of particle breakage. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献