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1.
Cathy Howlett Monica Seini Diana McCallum Natalie Osborne 《The Australian geographer》2011,42(3):309-323
There have been suggestions in recent literature that neoliberalism and globalisation present positive opportunities for Indigenous communities engaging in resource development projects on their traditional lands. This paper will present evidence from preliminary research on the neoliberal restructuring that has endured for those Indigenous communities of Queensland who have engaged with mineral development opportunities. Initial findings indicate that the State has devolved some of its responsibilities to the mining company in relation to Indigenous development and service provision. This paper develops a theoretical and analytical framework to enable an examination of the implications of this voluntary devolution of responsibility for Indigenous development and service provision and questions whether this represents a positive opportunity for Indigenous people in the region. 相似文献
2.
As citizens take on expanded roles in gathering and reporting environmental data, their potential impact may relate to organizational traits. This study sought to understand the relationship through a survey that identified traits and impacts of U.S. volunteer water monitoring programs on natural resource policy and management. A multiple regression model tested the influence of nine traits on an index of impact, addressing eight a priori hypotheses related to natural resource management outcomes. Seven traits were significantly related to impacts. Significant positive relationships included: the objective to address an environmental crisis; an EPA and/or state-approved quality assurance plan; support of external decision makers who may use or benefit from data; larger budget; volunteers playing more roles in the research process. Fewer impacts were expected from programs operating within schools. Understanding these relationships can help guide citizen science programs or other types of citizen engagement efforts. 相似文献
3.
Collaborative approaches to environmental problem solving are becoming commonplace around the world. These processes often occur in the traditional territories of Indigenous peoples. Hence, how Indigenous peoples are viewed in the collaboration literature is important because of the distinctive position they hold in many societies. In this article we conducted a systematic review of the collaboration literature that focused on environmental concerns and referred to Indigenous peoples. The goals were to identify how Indigenous peoples are discussed in this literature, and to reveal the assumptions that are made about the roles and views of Indigenous peoples and nations. The Indigenous governance literature was used to highlight the contrasting perspectives of Indigenous peoples. The systematic review revealed discordant assumptions about the roles of Indigenous peoples between these two bodies of literature. Implications for the theory and practice collaborative environmental problem solving are identified. 相似文献
4.
自然资源调查监测技术体系构建的方向与任务 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
自然资源统一调查监测技术体系（简称《技术体系》）的构建与应用,是建立健全自然资源监管体制、推动资源集约节约利用、促进人与自然和谐共生的一项重要举措,也是一项内容众多、复杂艰巨的科技工程。本文根据自然资源统一调查监测的任务与要求,从调查监测信息过程的整体性特征和工程化业务实施的系统性特征出发,分析了《技术体系》构建所面临的基本问题,提出了基于整体性的《技术体系》的总体架构;继而以协同化数据感知、自动化信息处理、精细化场景管理、智能化知识服务等为主线,论述了《技术体系》的发展方向;然后根据先进性与适用性相结合的要求,分析了《技术体系》的数智化实现路径,提出了“空天地海网”一体化协同感知网络体系构建、信息自动处理平台研发、时空场景模型构建、自然资源时空知识服务系统研发、工程化技术重构等主要研发任务。为了切实地做好该技术体系的构建与推广应用,今后还应进一步加强战略需求分析,推动关键技术创新,促进跨学科交叉研究。 相似文献
5.
The notion of community participation in sustainable environmental management is well documented, but applications between environmental scientists and indigenous Australians are less known. Many indigenous Australians are socially and culturally marginalized, and agencies debate over appropriate designs for collaborative, cross-cultural environmental programmes that will alleviate marginalization. This paper presents two case studies from northern Australia, where indigenous people participated in an environmental project exploring the commercial potential of the local sea cucumber resource. A framework with principles of participation and knowledge exchange guided project implementation at both localities. Participant observation data that related to these principles suggests that abuse of power imbalances and exploitation (institutional racism) may be more easily disguised within formalized governance structures than in the informal networks and structures that can be supported through less formalized representation. Linking informal and formal governance structures and canvassing a range of governance modalities will ultimately connect the human behaviours and governance structures needed to progress indigenous environmental management in Australia. 相似文献
6.
城市韧性研究进展与展望 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在全球环境变化和快速城市化的背景下,各种不确定风险成为制约城市安全和可持续发展的重要障碍。城市韧性作为一种城市风险治理的新思路,如何提高城市抵御、消解、适应不确定风险的能力,建设有韧性能力的城市,正成为当前地理学及其相关学科领域亟待探索的新课题。论文在概述城市韧性的研究缘起与概念内涵的基础上,从多种要素(人文要素、环境要素、灾害扰动)对城市韧性的影响、城市韧性框架、城市韧性评价及模拟研究等方面出发,对可持续发展视角的城市韧性研究现状进行探讨,并指出当前城市韧性研究在理论框架、作用机理、实证研究、差异性分析等方面仍存在诸多薄弱环节。最后,对城市韧性重点研究方向进行展望,即应以理论框架为引领,推动多目标、多层次、多视角的系统评价研究;以机理解析为支撑,实现城市韧性的动态模拟与决策预警的新突破;以实证研究为导向,继续加强多学科融合和探索城市韧性的应用模式;遵循差异性规律,实现城市规划治理从统一的“多城一策”向灵活的“一城一策”转变。 相似文献
7.
基于资源环境承载力的合肥市增长边界划定 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
在快速城市化和主体功能区战略背景下,滨湖城市作为城湖共生体,具有湖泊生态系统和城市社会经济系统双重属性,既是中国新型城市化格局中最具活力和潜力的核心单元之一,又是湖泊生态环境问题集中激化的高度敏感区,保护与开发并重,发展与风险共存。以行政区划调整后将巢湖纳入内湖的新合肥市为例,借助GIS平台,运用单因子评价法和综合敏感性评价法构成城市生态适宜性评价的方法体系,以水域因子、坡度因子、湿地因子、覆被因子、灾害风险因子组建资源环境约束指标体系,将合肥市域划分为极高敏感区、高敏感区、中敏感区、低敏感区、非敏感区5 种资源环境承载类型区;基于反规划理念,构建滨湖城市空间增长模型,并划定作为城市扩展生态底线的刚性和弹性空间增长边界。在此基础上,统筹考虑城市空间资源环境保障能力、人口与用地规模,结合城市总体规划方案,明确城市空间扩展方向,科学划定城市近期、中期和远期的增长边界。该方法在中国滨湖城市的空间增长规模与方向、湖泊生态系统安保与开发、城市用地调控与优化组合以及城市规划方案的合理性评价方面可提供科学决策依据。 相似文献
8.
ABSTRACTIndigenous public artworks in Australian urban spaces have challenged assumptions of Indigenous absence from the city. This paper examines the construction of Birrarung Wilam, in central Melbourne, in the period 2005–2008. We use archival documents and semi-structured interviews to analyse the collaborations between Indigenous and non-Indigenous participants in a project sponsored by the city. We show the particular mediating contribution of ‘fabricators’: a group of commissioned workers and tradespeople with material-specific expertise. Person to person encounters occurred through the modules of project management, with limited scope for long-term engagement. Despite being embedded in formal state-based recognition, Birrarung Wilam asserts Indigenous self-recognition through the renewal and adaptation of Indigenous material practices and traditions and the refusal to provide straightforward interpretive materials at the site. The study provides support for arguments that challenge a simple binary of co-option and resistance in interpreting such public art practice. 相似文献
9.
冰川旅游研究进展与启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
冰川旅游是现代旅游活动的重要组成部分,对冰川区域的自然生态环境产生着重要影响。冰川分布偏远、进入性差、旅游活动专业性强等因素制约着该领域的深入研究,尚未形成系统性的理论研究体系。论文梳理了国内外冰川旅游相关研究成果,从冰川旅游的概念与内涵、冰川旅游资源开发与管理、冰川旅游发展效应、气候变化对冰川旅游的影响及应对等方面进行了总结,评述了国内外冰川旅游在研究时间、研究内容、研究方法上的差异,提出了冰川旅游研究的难点和突破口。在此基础上,提出冰川旅游研究应基于资源学和地理学科特点,以旅游地域的人地关系演化为着眼点,从冰川旅游的资源基础、景观价值评价与适宜性开发、冰川旅游发展模式、目的地管理与社区建设等方面构建研究框架,指导中国冰川旅游的可持续发展。 相似文献
10.
Sociospatial information is critical to marine and coastal ecosystem management. The Hawaii Coastal Uses Mapping Project used a participatory geographic information systems (PGIS) methodology to gather local knowledge regarding the location and intensity of coastal human activities in Hawaii's priority sites for coral reef management. PGIS provided an efficient and effective means of obtaining information in a data-poor context, particularly at a scale and location where considerable local knowledge is held by community members and resource users. We detail the PGIS methods developed to collect sociospatial data on human uses in the project regions and discuss important considerations regarding the practice of PGIS that emerged from the mapping process, as well as implications for the production and documentation of spatial knowledge. Key themes include: issues of scale and appropriateness in using PGIS as a method for mapping human coastal and marine activities; data validity, authority, and the nature of local knowledge; community trust, engagement, and collaboration; and utility for coral reef management. While several factors limit local agencies' ability to use this spatial information to date, natural resource managers found the participatory mapping process to be highly valuable for stakeholder identification and engagement, and the maps provide a resource to state and federal managers to better understand the human implications of future management scenarios. 相似文献
11.
Public engagement is important for improving outcomes of social-ecological systems management. We used a social justice theoretical framework to measure residents’ attitudes toward public engagement processes and satisfaction with outcomes of a restoration project in Western Montana. We predicted process control and decision control domains of procedural justice would significantly predict stakeholder satisfaction, with decision control partially mediating the relationship between process control and satisfaction. We tested these predictions using a path analysis of intercept survey data collected from residents within the project area. We found process control had a significant and positive effect on satisfaction but was fully mediated by decision control, suggesting that successful engagement requires opportunities for stakeholders not only to participate but to clearly shape decisions and outcomes. We discuss implications for public engagement, human dimensions research, and social monitoring of social-ecological systems. 相似文献
12.
GIS应用开发方法回顾与展望 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
学术界有多种GIS开发方法,但每种方法都有其适用场合和优缺点。该文总结常见的软件开发方法和GIS实施文献,讨论GIS开发管理框架并展望该领域的研究方向。建议GIS、信息系统、管理科学等领域的学者进行协作,通过一定规模的问卷调查和个人访谈进行GIS项目案例研究,总结中国GIS开发中存在的问题和积累的经验;在此基础上撰写适合中国组织、管理与文化背景的GIS开发指南。 相似文献
13.
Monica Gratani Erin L. Bohensky James R.A. Butler Stephen G. Sutton Simon Foale 《The Australian geographer》2014,45(2):167-184
Aboriginal inhabitants of the Wet Tropics of Queensland advocate for greater inclusion of their Indigenous knowledge (IK) in natural resource management (NRM) to fulfil their customary obligations to country and to exert their Native Title rights. Despite a legal and institutional framework for inclusion of IK in NRM, IK has so far been applied only sporadically. We conducted an ethnographic case study to investigate perceptions on IK, science and how they affect integration of the two knowledge systems in the Wet Tropics. Our results show that IK and science are perceived as different concepts; that integration is limited by weak Indigenous internal and external governance; and that stronger Aboriginal governance and more focused engagement strategies are required to further the application of IK in local NRM. We conclude by arguing that NRM in the Wet Tropics needs to be reconceptualised to accommodate IK holistically, by considering its epistemology and the values and ethic that underpin it. 相似文献
14.
资源环境承载力综合评价方法在西藏产业结构调整中的应用 总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2
经济的快速发展造成资源的过度消耗和环境恶化,资源环境承载力研究逐渐得以关注。本文构建了产业、人口、经济、资源、环境综合分析框架,该框架首先评价各产业对区域社会经济的重要性,确定产业结构调整方向;进而分析产业、人口与资源环境间相互作用机制,明晰产业经济、人口规模与资源利用、环境污染的关系;然后开展资源环境承载力综合评价,为实现环境友好、资源有效利用前提下的最大社会经济发展规模提供依据。西藏自治区案例研究结果显示,有色金属矿采选业、旅游业、酒饮料和精制茶制造业对当地社会经济系统有着重要作用,成为支柱产业;不同发展情景的资源环境承载力评价,确定了资源环境限制下各种产业结构调整所能支撑的最大人口和经济规模,为区域产业发展提供决策依据。本文所构建的分析框架可为实现“社会经济—资源环境”系统可持续发展提供决策支撑。该框架的建立增强了资源环境承载力评价方法在辅助决策方面的可操作性,有助于推进区域资源环境承载力理论研究和实践应用。 相似文献
15.
制度变迁是城镇空间演化的重要驱动,农垦城镇作为一类特殊且重要的城镇类型,受制度因素影响更直接、更显著。鉴于现有研究较少基于制度变迁探究农垦城镇空间演化,论文系统梳理了农场制度变迁的总体情况,并以湖北省五三农场为例,采用综合研究方法,揭示了制度变迁下农垦城镇空间演化及其动力机制。研究发现：① 农垦城镇空间演化主要体现在空间形态、空间关系和功能结构3个方面,即空间形态从缓变到剧变,空间关系从生产协作关系转为城乡关系,功能结构不断从公办到私营、从生产主导到消费主导、从单一化到多元化;② 制度变迁通过改变农场身份、利益关系和资源配置推动农垦城镇空间演化,其中农场身份变化直接影响农垦城镇空间的发展方向,利益关系变化促使农垦城镇空间产业化、市场化,资源配置变化通过改变资源配置主体、类型、尺度和速度作用于农垦城镇空间演化。通过研究,以期能更有针对性地指导农垦城镇在新时期的发展,同时也可丰富城镇空间演化的理论内涵。 相似文献
16.
AbstractScholarship on collaboration in natural resource management is restricted by a lack of large-N assessments and mixed methods approach to examine relationships between collaborative structures and processes, and management actions and outcomes. This paper examines the relationship between perceived levels of collaboration, collaborative process indicators, and benefits of USDA Forest Service stewardship contracts at a broad spatial and temporal scale using mixed methodology. This study found higher levels of collaboration were strongly associated with jointly initiated processes that included a breadth of interests and utilized a broad range of outreach mechanisms and opportunities for engagement. Highly collaborative processes were closely linked with attaining project objectives and social and economic benefits. Findings contribute to defining collaboration by uncovering the relationship between perceived levels of collaboration, the role of process characteristics, and perceived benefits of collaborative stewardship contracting processes through a large-N dataset (n?=?1,064) and case study (n?=?61) findings. 相似文献
17.
Rebecca H. Bilous 《The Australian geographer》2011,42(4):371-386
For over two centuries people from Makassar on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi came to northern Australia with the onset of the northeast monsoon winds. They came in search of trepang that, with the help of Indigenous Australians, they collected and traded on to China. Their impact on the Indigenous communities in Arnhem Land was considerable. Along with sharing language, technology and culture, they built relationships, many ongoing, that are celebrated in Yolngu art, song and stories. These stories of contact are well known to many archaeologists and anthropologists but for many Australians the only place where they come into contact with these stories is in a museum display. In this paper I examine the ways in which these stories are disseminated by two national museums, the Australian National Maritime Museum in Sydney and the National Museum of Australia in Canberra. As important ‘lieux de mémoire’ or ‘sites of memory’, they tell of Macassan visits to northern Australia as part of Australian history. In both cases not only are the stories situated in the past but both Macassan and Indigenous Australian voices are largely absent. 相似文献
18.
DOROTHEA KLEINE 《The Geographical journal》2008,174(2):109-123
Sales in Fairtrade wine have been growing rapidly worldwide, and the UK is the most important market. This paper reports on an action research project undertaken with different economic actors along the value chain of a Chilean Fairtrade wine. The aim of the interdisciplinary project was to explore how the internet and tracking and tracing technologies could be used to render value chains more transparent for consumers and producers. An internet interface combined with a barcode-based data retrieval system could allow actors in the value chain to call up economic, social and environmental information about a product. Early findings from the action research process show that while supermarkets are the lead firms in the Fairtrade wine chain in terms of economic power, the producers and the Fairtrade certification body wield 'moral power' over other actors in the value chain. Fairtrade producers and the Fairtrade certification body relate to each other in cycles of mutual recognition, thus underpinning each others' legitimacy and moral power. The paper argues that action research, in particular the positionality of the researcher team as a collaboration partner, can lead to a better understanding of the nature of linkages and power relations between the economic actors in value chains. 相似文献
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20.
Participatory research approaches are increasingly popular with academic researchers and development organisations working to facilitate change in collaboration with local communities. This paper contributes to recent debates over the use of participatory approaches by examining the use of participatory research within disaster risk reduction. Drawing on research in Papua New Guinea in which participatory techniques were used with indigenous communities to determine strategies for dealing with environmental hazards, the value of such techniques is critiqued. Finally the significance of participatory research as a research methodology is discussed as is its possible contribution to disaster risk reduction policy. 相似文献