共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
基于应变模态的钢结构构件焊缝损伤定位方法的研究 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
本文探讨了用应变模态对钢结构焊缝损伤进行识别与定位的方法。应变模态对结构局部损作斩反应敏感，是对结构进行微小损伤诊断的较理想的损伤识别指标。文中以一简支工字型梁为研究对象，分别采用基于应变模态差的三种定位准则和神经网络方法，对其进行了单处和两处焊缝损伤定位的研究。结果表明，基于应变模态差的定位准则对于这两种情况的损伤都具有较高的定位识别率，但不能区别出单处和两处损伤；而采用神经网络方法不仅可以区别出单处和两处损伤，而且训练好的网络对受噪声污染的测试样本也具有较好的识别效果。 相似文献
2.
3.
为高效准确识别桥梁结构损伤,将深度学习与结构动力特性相结合,提出基于双层深度置信网络的桥梁结构损伤识别方法。首先取结构前3阶竖向振动频率和跨中节点前3阶竖向振动模态位移为参数,将其共同作为首层深度置信网络(DBN)的输入数据对结构的损伤位置进行识别;然后以1阶竖向振动的模态位移差作为参数,基于二层DBN对结构损伤程度进行预测;最后以郑许市域铁路桥梁为例进行验证。计算结果显示,当不考虑误差时,基于双层深度置信网络的结构损伤方法进行识别且结果精确;当噪声程度不超过10%时,定位识别结果准确率达100%;当噪声程度不超过15%时,定量识别结果最大绝对误差限不超过1.15%,识别结果准确;与传统的BP神经网络方法相比,本方法识别精度更高,抗噪性更强。 相似文献
4.
应用人工神经网络技术的大型斜拉桥子结构损伤识别研究 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
本文应用人工神经网络技术对大型斜拉桥结构进行了子结构损伤识别研究。文中首先介绍了子结构损伤识别的基本方法，然后应用自组织竞争神经网络建立了对于大型桥梁结构识别子结构损伤情况的子结构损伤识别方法，并且应用BP网络进一步建立了大型桥梁结构各子结构内部的损伤位置和损伤程度的识别方法，数值模拟了一大跨度斜拉桥子结构损伤以及子结构内部损伤的识别过程，最后得出结论：(1)基于自组织竞争网络的子结构损伤识别方法能迅速准确地识别大型结构的损伤情况；(2)基于BP网络所建立的结构损伤识别方法，能对子结构中结构损伤的位置和程度进行进一步的识别；(3)基于人工神经网络技术的结构损伤识别方法是大型土木工程结构损伤识别的有效方法，可在工程结构损伤识别中广泛应用。 相似文献
5.
为提高基于模态参数的损伤识别方法的损伤敏感性和噪声鲁棒性,将多源数据融合技术引入到苏通大桥主梁损伤定位方法中。基于D-S证据理论对模态柔度和模态应变能指标进行数据融合,并以苏通大桥扁平钢箱梁为分析对象,对融合后损伤定位指标的应用效果进行了讨论。结果表明：基于数据融合的损伤定位方法具有较强的损伤敏感性,只需要较少的低阶模态信息就能识别主梁的早期损伤;数据融合后,损伤定位指标可以在较强的噪声环境下准确地识别斜拉桥钢箱梁的损伤,具有较好的工程实用性。 相似文献
6.
为了有效利用结构健康诊断中的多源不确定数据,提高损伤识别的准确率,通过改进D-S证据理论(Dempster提出由Shafer完善形成的一种推理理论)中的基本概率赋值函数和组合规则,提出了一种基于改进D-S证据理论的结构损伤识别新方法.该方法利用灰色关联理论和熵权理论处理信息源的基本概率赋值问题,利用改进的D-S组合规则处理信息源间的相关、冲突问题.通过钢管焊接结构的试验研究验证所提方法的有效性,结果表明所提出的方法优于传统的D-S损伤识别方法;相对于单一损伤信息的损伤识别而言,基于多源损伤信息能够有效降低损伤误判的可能性,获得更准确的损伤识别结果. 相似文献
7.
8.
基于OpenSEES平台,以某近海刚构桥桥墩为例,选取符合场地类型的地震波,并根据地震记录构造主余震序列。运用"能力需求比"分析方法建立不同服役时间节点桥墩控制截面在不同损伤状态条件下的地震易损性曲线,研究氯离子侵蚀和主余震序列对桥墩抗震性能的影响。结果表明:同一损伤状态的超越概率随着服役时间延长和PGA增大而不断变大,且随着损伤状态等级提高,超越概率逐渐降低。轻微损伤状态下,主余震序列对桥墩易损性影响较小;中等损伤、严重破坏和完全倒塌状态下,同一服役期,考虑主余震序列作用下桥墩的超越概率相比于仅考虑主震作用明显增大。 相似文献
9.
基于遗传算法优化神经网络权值的大坝结构损伤识别 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对传统 BP 神经网络存在着容易陷入局部极小点、训练时间太长等缺点,本文采用基于浮点编码的遗传算法,对 BP 神经网络的初值空间进行了遗传优化。用基于浮点编码的遗传算法来优化 BP 神经网络的权值,可得到最佳初始权值矩阵,并按误差前向反馈算法,沿负梯度搜索进行网络学习。文中以混凝土重力坝结构作为算例,用结构的模态频率变化作为网络的输入向量,结构的损伤位置作为输出向量,对网络进行了训练。仿真结果表明：遗传 BP 神经网络的收敛和诊断能力优于传统 BP 神经网络,可有效地运用到大坝结构的健康诊断与损伤识别中。 相似文献
10.
11.
In this study, a total of 115,246 ground motions recorded during earthquakes of Moment magnitudes ranging from M_w 5.0 to M_w 9.0 are analyzed statistically. A total of 21 ground motion parameters characterising the recorded acceleration time histories are used in the analysis. Classification of these parameters through statistical correlation is reported and a parameter called "distance from zero-amplitude axis," or dZ-A, is formulated in the principal component space. The ability for dZ-A to rate the damage potentials of strong motion records is evaluated through correlation of dZ-A with Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) instrumental seismic intensities. This parameter can be used to rate damage potential of any strong motion record irrespective of the magnitude and location of the earthquake. It can also be used in selecting ground motion records of appropriate damage potential in seismic design and probabilistic analysis. 相似文献
12.
A probabilistic framework for correlated seismic downtime and repair cost estimation of geo‐structures 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Abdollah Shafieezadeh Reginald DesRoches Glenn J. Rix Stuart D. Werner 《地震工程与结构动力学》2014,43(5):739-757
An important component of probabilistic risk assessment methods is the development of models to quantify the direct consequences of damage to geo‐structural components for a given intensity of the hazard. This paper presents a general probabilistic framework for correlated repair cost and downtime estimation of geo‐structures exposed to seismic hazards. The framework uses as input the results of nonlinear time‐history analysis of geo‐structures for the set of earthquake records that are representative of the seismic hazard models for the region of interest. The repair cost and downtime are estimated for individual earthquakes probabilistically considering the uncertainties associated with damage states. In addition, the formulation of the repair cost and downtime accounts for the reduction in the repair requirements as the number of damaged components in the given damage state increases. An analytical linear and two bilinear regression models are proposed for conditional correlated seismic repair cost and downtime estimation of geo‐structures given the intensity measure. The proposed framework is demonstrated by developing seismic repair models of a typical pile‐supported wharf structure on the west coast of the United States. The presented framework is general and can be applied to other types of geo‐structures and hazards and can include other decision variables such as loss of life as well. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
This paper presents a heuristic probabilistic approach to estimating the size-dependent mobilities of nonuniform sediment based on the pre- and post-entrainment particle size distributions (PSDs), assuming that the PSDs are lognormally distributed. The approach fits a lognormal probability density function to the pre-entrainment PSD of bed sediment and uses the threshold particle size of incipient motion and the concept of sediment mixture to estimate the PSDs of the entrained sediment and post-entrainment bed sediment. The new approach is simple in physical sense and significantly reduces the complexity and computation time and resource required by detailed sediment mobility models. It is calibrated and validated with laboratory and field data by comparing to the size-dependent mobilities predicted with the existing empirical lognormal cumulative distribution function approach. The novel features of the current approach are: (1) separating the entrained and non-entrained sediments by a threshold particle size, which is a modified critical particle size of incipient motion by accounting for the mixed-size effects, and (2) using the mixture-based pre- and post-entrainment PSDs to provide a continuous estimate of the size-dependent sediment mobility. 相似文献
14.
Spatial and temporal patterns of the long-range extreme monthly Elbe River flows across Germany are investigated, using various statistical methods, among others, principal component and wavelet analysis. Characteristic time scales are derived for various time series statistics. The wavelet analysis of the raw river discharge data as well as of the major principal component reveal the main oscillatory components and their temporal behavior, namely low frequency oscillations at interannual (6.9 yr) and interdecadal (13.9 yr) scales. The EOFs at ungauged stations are estimated from the principal components of the observed time series sampled over a limited time span whose length equals the major temporal variability scale (≈7 yr). The EOFs (empirical orthogonal functions) obtained in this way are subsequently used to simulate long-range flows at these locations. A comparison of this method with linear interpolation and ordinary kriging of the EOF shows the superiority of the former in representing the distributional properties of the observed time series. The simulated time series preserve also short and long-memory. 相似文献
15.
选用2013—2014年兰州台、 天水台、 寺滩台3个台站地磁垂直分量分钟值数据, 利用调和分析剔除1~4次地磁日变化谐波成分, 在此基础上对3个台站地磁Z分量数据进行主成分分析, 计算结果显示: 2013年7月22日岷县漳县6.6级地震前, 最小的第三主成分在2013年4月20日至6月10日出现明显的增强变化, 超出阈值, 异常持续50 d左右; 同时, 在信号的子空间中特征矢量的方向也出现同步的异常扰动, 震后恢复到原来的水平, 其他时段第三主成分未出现类似变化。 据此认为, 这些异常信号与2013年岷县漳县6.6级地震相关。 研究结果表明, PCA方法对地震电磁异常的提取是有效的。 相似文献
16.
17.
对模型合成的理论接收函数进行主成分分析,研究在倾斜界面和各向异性影响下主成分形态变化规律,分析倾斜界面倾角和各向异性强度对接收函数R分量主成分贡献率的影响。对江西余干地震台的接收函数R分量主成分进行分析,结果发现:Ps震相的平均走时为3.4 s;台站下方介质的各向异性和倾斜界面同时存在,各向异性快轴大致呈NE向,倾斜界面倾向约170°。 相似文献
18.
Short‐term Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts (QPFs) can be achieved from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models or radar nowcasting, that is the extrapolation of the precipitation at a future time from consecutive radar scans. Hybrid forecasts obtained by merging rainfall forecasts from radar nowcasting and NWP models are potentially more skilful than either radar nowcasts or NWP rainfall forecasts alone. This paper provides an assessment of deterministic and probabilistic high‐resolution QPFs achieved by implementing the Short‐term Ensemble Prediction System developed by the UK Met Office. Both radar nowcasts and hybrid forecasts have been performed. The results show that the performance of both deterministic nowcasts and deterministic hybrid forecasts decreases with increasing rainfall intensity and spatial resolution. The results also show that the blending with the NWP forecasts improves the performance of the forecasting system. Probabilistic hybrid forecasts have been obtained through the modelling of a stochastic noise component to produce a number of equally likely ensemble members, and the comparative assessment of deterministic and probabilistic hybrid forecasts shows that the probabilistic forecasting system is characterised by a higher discrimination accuracy than the deterministic one. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
Earthquake hazard in Marmara Region, Turkey 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
M. Erdik M. Demircioglu K. Sesetyan E. Durukal B. Siyahi 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2004,24(8):605-631
Earthquake hazard in the Marmara Region, Turkey has been investigated using time-independent probabilistic (simple Poissonian) and time-dependent probabilistic (renewal) models. The study culminated in hazard maps of the Marmara Region depicting peak ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral accelerations (SA)'s at 0.2 and 1 s periods corresponding to 10 and 2% probabilities of exceedance in 50 yrs. The historical seismicity, the tectonic models and the known slip rates along the faults constitute the main data used in the assignment. Based on recent findings it has been possible to provide a fault segmentation model for the Marmara Sea. For the main Marmara Fault this model essentially identifies fault segments for different structural, tectonic and geometrical features and historical earthquake occurrences. The damage distribution and pattern of the historical earthquakes have been carefully correlated with this fault segmentation model. The inter-event time period between characteristic earthquakes in these segments is consistently estimated by dividing the seismic slip estimated from the earthquake catalog by the GPS-derived slip rate of 22±3 mm/yr. The remaining segments in the eastern and southern Marmara region are also identified using recent geological, geophysical studies and historical earthquakes. The model assumes that seismic energy along the segments is released by characteristic earthquakes. For the probabilistic studies characteristic earthquake based recurrence relationships are used. Assuming normal distribution of inter-arrival times of characteristic earthquakes, the ‘mean recurrence time’, ‘covariance’ and the ‘time since last earthquake’ are developed for each segment. For the renewal model, the conditional probability for each fault segment is calculated from the mean recurrence interval of the characteristic earthquake, the elapsed time since the last major earthquake and the exposure period. The probabilities are conditional since they change as a function of the time elapsed since the last earthquake. For the background earthquake activity, a spatially smoothed seismicity is determined for each cell of a grid composed of cells of size 0.005°×0.005°. The ground motions are determined for soft rock (NEHRP B/C boundary) conditions. Western US-based attenuation relationships are utilized, since they show a good correlation with the attenuation characteristics of ground motion in the Marmara region. The possibility, that an event ruptures several fault segments (i.e. cascading), is also taken into account and investigated by two possible models of cascading. Differences between Poissonian and renewal models, and also the effect of cascading have been discussed with the help of PGA ratio maps. 相似文献
20.
Based on the visibility analysis data during November 2009 through April 2010 over North America from the Aviation Digital Database Service (ADDS), the performance of low visibility/fog predictions from the current operational 12?km-NAM, 13?km-RUC and 32?km-WRF-NMM models at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) was evaluated. The evaluation shows that the performance of the low visibility/fog forecasts from these models is still poor in comparison to those of precipitation forecasts from the same models. In order to improve the skill of the low visibility/fog prediction, three efforts have been made at NCEP, including application of a rule-based fog detection scheme, extension of the NCEP Short Range Ensemble Forecast System (SREF) to fog ensemble probabilistic forecasts, and a combination of these two applications. How to apply these techniques in fog prediction is described and evaluated with the same visibility analysis data over the same period of time. The evaluation results demonstrate that using the multi-rule-based fog detection scheme significantly improves the fog forecast skill for all three models relative to visibility-diagnosed fog prediction, and with a combination of both rule-based fog detection and the ensemble technique, the performance skill of fog forecasting can be further raised. 相似文献