共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
呼图壁地下储气库部分区域地表垂直形变机理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用在呼图壁地下储气库开展的2013~2015年7期二等水准测量获得的高差数据,对由于地表气井压力变化影响而发生的地下储气库地表垂直变形进行了分析。研究表明,呼图壁地下储气库区的地表变形除了构造成因引起的盆地下沉以外,其他主要形变成因来源有2个方面：一个是呼图壁地区的地下水超采影响着该地区的地表垂直变化;另一个是储气库集采气期间井口压力变化影响下的地表沉降,根据计算,储气库每MPa气井压力变化影响到的地表变化约为0.625~1.125mm。 相似文献
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Rn、CO2、Hg、H2等断层气体被广泛应用于断层活动性以及断层结构特征的研究。当前，研究介质中压力变化与断层气间的关系是断层气映震研究的主要技术方法之一。新疆呼图壁地下储气库自建成以来，每年以周期性循环“注入/采出”模式运行，该运行模式带来的储气库气压变化会影响周围地区的地震活动。同时，这一定期加压存储与减压释放气体的过程为研究应力变化引起的断层气变化提供了天然的实验场。通过对呼图壁储气库开展断层气定期流动测量以及定点连续观测，获取反复加载、卸载气体过程中储气库及周边区域断层气体Rn、CO2、Hg、H2浓度的变化特征，在储气库区域内观测到明显的Hg、H2浓度高值现象，其最大值分别为190ng/m3和725.40ppm，且其空间分布特征表现为在储气库加压存储过程中，储气库区域内注采井附近的气体浓度高于储气库区域外；此外，长期连续观测结果表明，断层气H2与储气库的压力变化存在一定的关系，H2对储气库内压力变化的响应更为灵敏。对呼图壁储气库应力变化引起的断层气变化特征进行分析，可以认识不同应力状态下断层气变化特征，为地震台站勘选与建设、震情跟踪以及异常落实等提供地球化学科技支撑。 相似文献
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The migrating and enriching of fault gas during dynamic load-unload process are important indexes to evaluate the stress state and tectonic activity of underground medium. The Hutubi underground gas storage provides a natural experiment site for the analysis of the relationship between the gas geochemistry and the stress-strain status. In this paper, the soil gas concentrations of Rn, CO2, Hg and H2 during the gas injection in the Hutubi underground gas storage were analyzed. The results show that the soil gas contents and changing trend are close to the background value in the non-reservoir area and fault zone, which may reveal the weak activity of the fault. Significantly higher concentrations of soil gas H2 and Hg are observed in the gas storage area, where H2 maximum reaches 5.551×10-4 and Hg maximum reaches 53ng/m3. Moreover, the abnormal soil gas H2 and Hg measurement locations are more consistent. The variation trends of soil gas Hg, H2, Rn, and CO2may be related to the different gas generation and response mechanisms. The concentrations of soil gas H2 and Hg are sensitive to the variation of pressure and the development of cracks in the underground gas storage, and they can reveal gas injection's effect on fault activity. This study provides a new basis for analyzing the influence of gas injection and withdrawal in Hutubi underground gas storage on fault activity. 相似文献
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新疆克孜尔水库地震危险性预测研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用库区多项形变观测资料，对克孜尔水库蓄水后出现的形变异常及诱发水库地震的危险性进行了研究。结果认为：①穿过水库大坝的F2活断层在水后出现水平和垂直形变的特大异常变化主要是前期水库施工开挖土石方、填筑土石方及水库蓄水引起地面负荷变化的综合效应所致；②克孜尔水库虽然存在诱发水库地震的潜在因素，但从库容、坝高、F2活断层产状、地质构造背景、水地质条件、岩性以及世界各国发生水库 诱发地震的充分条件；③由库区各项形变观测资料分析表明，库区地壳形变已由施工－蓄水初期时的反向异常变化恢复到了施工蓄水前的正常变化状态，各种受力因素经过调整达到了新的平衡，已进入相对稳定的继承性运动期，因此今后因蓄水诱发水库地震的可能性不大。 相似文献
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大量研究表明,流体在断层弱化中起着非常重要的作用.在地壳浅部脆性域,自由水通过流体孔隙压力减小断层有效正压力,从而降低断层摩擦强度;在地壳深部,矿物中的微量结构水弱化岩石流变强度.另外,流体-岩石相互作用等化学过程,如长石水解反应,对断层强度的影响也非常显著.断层深部流体通过物理作用与化学作用影响着岩石的变形机制,从而影响断层力学性质与地震孕育和发生.断层内部流体孔隙压力周期性变化是断层带脆-塑性转化、裂缝张开与愈合等的直接体现,这种变化控制着断层强度与强震周期性发生现象. 相似文献
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近年来,背景噪声成像方法在恢复高频面波信号及获取近地表速度结构方面得到了广泛的应用,本文将该方法应用于准噶尔盆地南缘的呼图壁背斜地区的呼图壁储气库.采用储气库及其周边区域22个台站记录的连续背景噪声数据的垂直分量,通过噪声互相关方法获得了台站对之间的瑞利面波经验格林函数,并进一步提取了0.5~1.5 s的基阶瑞利面波群速度频散曲线.首先根据区域平均频散曲线得到了该地区地下数百米的平均一维横波速度结构,然后利用基于面波射线路径追踪的面波频散直接成像方法得到该地区深度为500 m以上的三维横波速度结构.反演结果显示该地区沉积层较厚,整体横波速度值较小（0.4~0.9 km·s-1）.储气库在地表投影区域的横波速度值较小,这可能是由于抽注水、气引起的沉积岩石裂隙所导致.储气库东北和东南方向均有明显的相对高速区,推测是区域地下水位和地形起伏综合作用的结果.本研究获得的近地表三维速度结构为呼图壁储气库地区的上覆地层物性研究、区域微震精定位、场地效应的评估和去除浅层影响的深部介质成像等研究提供了重要基础. 相似文献
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利用新疆呼图壁地下储气库地表盖层由13个点位组成的形变监测网的前5期GPS观测资料,研究地下储气库注采过程中地表盖层的变形响应。通过获取地下储气库运行过程中地表盖层形变的三维时间序列,并结合井口压力数据,区分地下储气库在不同过程中的变形信号。研究结果表明,地表盖层在储气库注采过程中水平方向上存在明显的“呼吸效应”,储气库每MPa气井压力变化在注、采周期内对地表变形造成的影响在水平方向上分别达到1.02、1.24mm,垂直方向分别达到-1.11、0.86mm。 相似文献
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新疆克孜尔水库诱发地震的形成条件和诱发机制问题初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
克孜尔水库自 1991年 8月下闸蓄水后 ,穿过水库大坝的 F2 活断层 (克孜尔活断层 )出现了水平和垂直形变的特大异常变化。分析后认为是前期水库施工开挖土石方、填筑土石方及水库蓄水引起地面负荷变化的综合效应所致 ,同时地震活动规律也产生了与形变同步的异常变化。综合测震、水文、地质分析认为 :1水库蓄水可以诱发地震 ,震级主要在 MS3.0级以下 ;2蓄水诱发 F1活断层 (却勒塔格活断层 )上中等地震的可能性比较大 ,而诱发 F2 活断层上中等地震的可能性则很小 相似文献
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利用呼图壁地震台洞体场地水准二期的比对观测数据、呼图壁场地跨断层水准四期的同时间段观测资料以及1987~2012年大丰跨断层测线的水准观测数据,分析了呼图壁红山地震台洞体场地水准观测成果的变化速率与跨断层水准观测成果的年变速率的差异性,判定原地震台使用的Ni004光学水准仪的可靠性,依据分析结果提出合理建议。并根据大丰跨断层水准观测的历史观测成果和呼图壁洞体场地水准观测比对后的分析结果,初步探索研究跨断层水准在研究区域的地形变特征。 相似文献
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地壳岩石的渗透性状及孔隙水对岩石力学性质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文概述地壳岩石渗透性状和孔隙水对岩石力学性质影响的研究现状及已取得的成果;指出孔隙压的形成及分布,孔隙度、渗透率与孔隙压的关系。孔隙压的有效应力,孔隙压对岩石形变。破裂机制的影响以及从断裂力学观点考察孔隙压的作用等系今后该领域研究的主要课题和发展方向。 相似文献
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Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - Hutubi underground gas storage (UGS), as the largest UGS in China, operates periodically by performing gas extraction in winter and injection in summer every year. To... 相似文献
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本文在实验室里对老爷庙油田馆陶组（Ng）油气贮层砂岩岩芯的孔隙度φ、空气渗透率κ、骨架密度ρma、岩石密度ρb和不同有效覆盖压力△P下岩芯的声波时差△t,做了精确测量,用回归分析拟合了φ-K、φ-ρb、φ-△t和V-△p（△t-△p）的经验关系式;保持原始孔隙结构不变的前提下,在岩芯饱和各种矿化度的孔隙流体时测定了声波时差△t与孔隙度φ的关系.研究结果表明,当贮层的φ-K、φ-ρb和φ-△t相关时,可用声波时差△t或波速V解释贮层的岩性,并可反演求出贮层的φ、K和ρb;地层有效覆盖压力对贮层的孔隙度和波速具有明显的影响.根据V-△p曲线的变化规律,可以评价贮层的岩性和埋藏地质体的油、气储集能力.这些结果对油田地震勘探和石油测井资料的解释具有重要的参考价值,并为预测储油有利地区和评价贮层提供了一种新的途径. 相似文献
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Extraction of groundwater or hydrocarbons causes pore pressure gradients and soil deformation due to poroelastic coupling. Recent studies show that high-resolution engineering tiltmeters installed at shallow depth between 2 and 10 m resolve this deformation. Models using poroelasticity can describe the relationship between fluid extraction, pore pressure gradients and induced tilt for homogeneous and layered sedimentary half spaces. Faults intersecting a stack of sedimentary layers, for example in the Lower-Rhine-Embayment, are of fundamental impact to the groundwater flow system of an area. However, the fault’s hydromechanical effect on pump induced tilt and the pore pressure regime is still poorly investigated. We chose a comparatively simple approach to quantify anomalous pump induced tilt and pore pressure observed near a fault and close to the surface in a sedimentary subsoil. A PC-based Finite Element software is used to model poroelastic deformation, i.e. modelling vertical tilt and excess pore pressure in response to fluid extraction through a singular well. We compare numerical solutions for models with and without faults and show that a fault can modify symmetry and amplitude of the deformation field by more than a magnitude. We conclude that tilt and pore pressure measurements also at shallow depth can thus be biased by large subsurface structures like faults. Vice versa, these measurements may provide means to quantify hydromechanical effects caused by subsurface structures. However, depending on the geological setting, i.e. if pathways are established by a fault, the anomaly caused by the fault can also be small and hard to detect. Therefore, faults and geological structures like material boundaries have to be considered in poroelastic models carefully. For tilt surveys with a limited number of instruments in geologically well constrained areas these models allow the preselection of potential positions for tiltmeters where prominent field anomalies are expected. 相似文献
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碳酸盐岩复杂的孔隙结构如何影响其弹性性质一直是地球物理研究的难点问题,在此基础上如何半定量甚至是定量地对碳酸盐岩储层预测,特别是如何有效地获取孔隙结构参数相关的地震属性体一直是油气工业界追求的目标.本研究从数字岩心角度入手,联合测井以及地震数据尝试探究这一问题的解决方案,包括如下几个方面:(1)代表性碳酸盐岩储层样品获取;(2)CT扫描数字岩心数据体获取;(3)数字岩心数据的图像处理;(4)数字岩心数据的静态弹性模拟;(5)数字岩心子数据体的孔隙结构因子提取;(6)孔隙结构因子表征与分类下的弹性性质与孔隙度的定量化量版建立;(7)数字岩心-井-地震联合的孔隙度属性提取;(8)孔隙结构因子的地震属性体获取.本研究分为两篇系列文章上篇与下篇,上篇主要阐述如上提出的(1)—(4)方面,重点在于针对碳酸盐岩二值化图像处理的流程建立与验证,以及数字岩心静态弹性模拟的理论方面,这两方面是基于数字岩心获得精确的碳酸盐岩弹性性质模拟结果的关键所在;下篇主要阐述利用数字岩心数据获得孔隙结构因子的思路、理论与流程,以及为碳酸盐岩储层预测为目标而获得孔隙结构因子的地震属性体的实际应用方面.由于两篇文章共享数字岩心数据,同时所涉及的研究思路与流程形成一个有机整体,因此写成两篇系列文章而非两篇独立文章.本文为两篇系列文章的第一篇:上篇. 相似文献
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利用核磁共振测井资料构造储层毛管压力曲线的新方法及其应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
By analyzing hundreds of capillary pressure curves, the controlling factors of shape and type of capillary pressure curves are found and a novel method is presented to construct capillary pressure curves by using reservoir permeability and a synthesized index. The accuracy of this new method is verified by mercury-injection experiments. Considering the limited quantity of capillary pressure data, a new method is developed to extract the Swanson parameter from the NMR T2 distribution and estimate reservoir permeability. Integrating with NMR total porosity, reservoir capillary pressure curves can be constructed to evaluate reservoir pore structure in the intervals with NMR log data. An in-situ example of evaluating reservoir pore structure using the capillary pressure curves by this new method is presented. The result shows that it accurately detects the change in reservoir pore structure as a function of depth. 相似文献
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Jiin‐Shuh Jean Chuan‐Cheng Liu Wei‐Teh Jiang Jinder Chow Ting‐To Yu Ching‐Weei Lin Shih‐Wei Huang 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2002,27(1):1-10
The 1999 Chi‐Chi earthquake significantly altered the landscape of central Taiwan. Surface deformation produced by the earthquake along the trace of the Chelungpu thrust can be classified into two styles: (1) uplift without significant surface rupture, and (2) uplift accompanied by surface rupture. Here we examine areas that exhibited the first style of deformation (e.g. Wufeng). Seismic stress at the time of the main shock may have been relieved by high pore‐fluid pressure in a 300‐m‐thick sand and gravel aquifer. Along the thrust fault, frictional heating of these sediments resulted in thermal expansion and an increase in pore‐fluid pressure. High pore‐fluid pressure damped seismic‐wave energy and enhanced intergranular slips of unconsolidated sandy and gravel sediments, which were possibly assisted by sulphuric acid corrosion, leading to a high sulphate content in the groundwater (c. 70 mg L?1). These changes permitted surface folding and terrace‐style uplifting to occur without significant rupture. In contrast, other areas in which the second style of deformation is dominant (e.g. Fengyuen‐Shihkang) have thin (0–10 m) sand and gravel deposits and lower concentrations of sulphate (c. 30 mg L?1) in groundwater. In these areas, sediments were heated but not sufficiently to produce significant thermal expansion and increase in pore‐fluid pressure; accumulation of stress in these locations led to rupture at the ground surface, with the formation of steep fault scarps. The areas exhibiting the first deformation style are characterized by the presence of high pore‐fluid pressure, frictional heat conduction, and possibly chemical corrosion related to sulphuric acid attack and formation of sulphate, in contrast to those involving significant uplift and surface rupture. The areal distribution of these two surface deformation styles suggests that the aforementioned fluid‐related subsurface processes may have altered the characteristics of sediments and caused diverse responses to the quake. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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依据密度测井资料评估煤层的含气量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
煤层甲烷长期以来认为是对采煤工作的危害，只是近十多年来才被认为是一种潜在的能源。煤层不仅是甲烷的储层，而且是甲烷的源岩。煤的物理结构是一种双重孔隙结构，即煤层中含有由基质孔隙和裂缝孔隙组成的孔隙系统。煤层中的气（甲烷）主要吸附在基质孔隙的内表面，是吸附气，而不是存在于骨架粒间的孔隙空间内，因而传统的评价天然气储层含气量的方法虽然不能适合于评估煤层的气含量。本文利用密度测井资料和煤样煤质化验资料确定 相似文献