共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
Using the annual GPS observational tropospheric zenith delay data and meteorological data obtained at 36 globally distributed IGS stations in 2003, we have estimated the accuracy and range of application of two often-used models of tropospheric delay correction (the Hopfield and Saastamoinen models), and of a more recent model (the EGNOS model). We point out some defects in the Hopfield model and show that the EGNOS model can be used as the correction model of the tropospheric zenith delay for the GNSS real-time positioning and navigation. 相似文献
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Focusing on lowering the cut-off elevation in the neutral atmosphere refraction delay correction and on raising the accuracy of the correction, we derive the formulae for calculating the correction for the bending of the light path caused by atmospheric refraction. This is the sort of correction that is given after the principal term in theoretical models of neutral atmospheric refraction delay correction, but is often neglected because it is a small quantity. However, in practice, for a not too low elevation like 15°, this term reaches 1 cm order of magnitude and can not be neglected. Li Yan-xing et al. specially gave a derivation of this correction and a computational method by successive approximation and some calculated values. Yan Hao-jian also proposed a formula of direct calculation but his calculated result was more than 3 times smaller than that of Li Yan-xing, which shows that further study of this correction is called for. Here we give a simple, convenient and reliable formula for calculating the correction. 相似文献
3.
基于VLBI资料的ERP高频变化求解方法的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在天测与测地VLBI资料分析软件CALC／SOLVE中，对地球自转参数(ERP)高频变化的解算采用了附加约束的连续分段线性拟合方法，即要求在两个历元节点之间ERP变化率小于某事先约定值，并要求ERP在历元节点上连续．实测资料分析表明，当资料点密度较低时，引入约束条件和要求连续均有助于提高解的稳定性，但也人为降低了解的客观性，使各历元节点ERP解算结果之间相关．为此，基于CALC／SOLVE的用户偏导功能，实现了ERP高频变化的直接求解模块，不附加约束，也不要求连续．实测资料分析表明对ERP高频变化的直接求解模式更为可取．对于长时段VLBI资料的ERP高频变化求解，需要考虑岁差和章动模型偏差(天极偏移)的影响，编写相应的求解模块，并成功实现了1979至2003年长时段ERP高频变化求解．比较表明，在考虑了岁差章动模型偏差的影响时能够显著提高解的精度．为此，在基于VLBI资料解算ERP高频变化时，建议采用直接求解模式，并考虑岁差章动模型偏差的影响． 相似文献
4.
In addition to the atmosphere, the oceans play important roles in the excitation of the Chandler wobble. The contributions made by the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean from 1980 to 2005 to the excitation of the Chandler wobble are first and systematically researched by taking advantage of the data of the current velocity field and ocean floor pressure provided by the marine circulation model of the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO). Studies show that the contributions of the three oceans to the excitation of the Chandler wobble are different from one another: the excitation energy of the Pacific Ocean makes up about 22.2% of the observational excitation energy, the largest one among the three oceans, that of the Indian Ocean accounts for about 12.7% and that of the Atlantic Ocean amounts to about 7.1%, the smallest among the three great oceans. The remarkable increase in the excitation energy of the Chandler wobble by the Pacific Ocean may be possibly due to the effect of the strong ENSO event which occurred from 1982 to 1983. 相似文献
5.
Astrometric observations at different zenith distances have been performed in Dresden in an area centered atNGC 6791 where there are some stars with reliable color information (widely dispersed spectral types in the MK systemand color indices BT – VT) as well as with accurate positions from Tycho‐2 catalog. The results are used to estimate how significant improvements in stellar positions may be when accurate corrections for color refraction are taken into account. We have treated two cases for refraction calculations: (1) a photometric case for color indices and (2) a spectral case for spectral types and luminosity classes. To calculate refraction we use Stone's modified computer code (Malyuto & Meinel 2000). To treat the photometric case we have calculated the synthetic color indices for the spectral energy distributions of Sviderskiene (1988). The positional improvements due to including color refraction corrections are significant and slightly larger in the spectral case. An improvement of about 15% is reached at a zenith distance of 65°. Our basic conclusion is that color refraction should be taken into account for obtaining accurate stellar positions from ground based observations at larger zenith distances. Reliable refraction corrections may be calculated from spectral and/or photometric data. 相似文献
6.
A reasonable and quantitative result on the variation of polar wobble excited by the oceans is not available at present. Numerous researches have shown that atmospheric motion is the greatest excitation source for the seasonal variations in the polar wobble and that oceanic motion is one of the main remaining excitation sources. The excitation of variation in the annual polar wobble caused by oceans from 1992 to 2004 both globally and in latitude dependence, have been studied in depth by means of the new generation of SODA oceanic data assimilation (SODA-1.4.2 and SODA-1.4.3) and the ECCO oceanic data assimilation. The result shows that the variation in the seasonal polar wobble excited by the SODA oceans is very close to that of the residual after the action of the atmosphere and land water is deducted from the geodesic excitation function for a large part of the investigated time interval, and that there is overall agreement between the two as regards the annual amplitude and phase. In addition, in comparison with the result of early SODA-Bata 7, the new generation of SODA oceanic excitation has achieved obvious improvements. The latitude distributions of the excitations of the annual polar wobble by the SODA and ECCO oceans are consistent in the Greenwich direction, while having obvious differences in the direction of 90° E. 相似文献
7.
With the improvement of the GPS data processing techniques and calculating accuracy, the GPS has been increasingly and widely applied to atmospheric science. In the research on GPS meteorology the slant path wet vapor content (SWV) is one of the significant parameters. In the light of the problem of poorer real time, which existed in the method proposed by Song Shuli et al. in 2004, for directly calculating the SWV by means of the precise ephemeris, IGS clock error and observed value of the LC combination after the cycle skip processing, the LAMBDA method which has more mature application to the city virtual reference station (VRS) is applied to the problem of the processing of ambiguity search. Through the trial calculation of data, it is tested and verified that the method is feasible and there is a better uniformity when the calculated result is projected into the zenith direction. The atmospheric delay in the vertical direction obtained by using this method is compared with the result of the GAMIT or the BERNESE, with the result showing that the accuracy of the coincidence of the result of the method with that of the BERNESE is generally smaller than 1.5 cm and the accuracy of the coincidence of the result of the method with that of the GAMIT is generally smaller than 10 cm. 相似文献
8.
Yong Yu Zhao-Xiang Qi Yin-Dun Mao Zheng-Hong Tang Ming Zhao 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2009,33(3):322-332
Because of the influence of atmospheric refraction the astronomical observations of the objects with the angles of elevation below 15° are generally avoided, but for the sake of the complete theoretical research the atmospheric refraction under the condition of lower angles of elevation is still worthy to be analyzed and explored. Especially for some engineering applications the objects with low angles of elevation must be observed sometimes. A new idea for determining atmospheric refraction by utilizing the differential method is proposed. A series of observations of the starry sky at different heights are carried out and by starting from the zenith with a telescope with larger field of view, the derivatives of various orders of atmospheric refraction function at different zenith distances are calculated and finally the actually observed values of atmospheric refraction can be found via numerical integration. The method does not depend upon the strict local parameters and complex precise observational instrumentation, and the observational principle is relatively simple. By the end of 2007 a simply constructed telescope with a larger field of view at Xinglong Observing Station was employed to carry out trial observations. The values of atmospheric refraction at the true zenith distances of 44.8° to 87.5° were obtained from the practical observations based on the differential method, and the feasibility of the method of differential measurement of atmospheric refraction was preliminarily justified. Being limited by the observational conditions, the accuracy of the observed result was limited, the maximal accidental error was about 6” and there existed certain systematic errors. The value of the difference between the result obtained at the zenith distance of 84° and that given in the Pulkovo atmospheric refraction table was about 15”. How to eliminate the cumulative error introduced due to the integration model error is the key problem which needs to be solved in future. 相似文献
9.
Because of the effects of various kinds of noises and other factors, the state of running of an atomic clock is quite complicated. In order to precisely predict the exact variation in frequency or clock rate of the atomic clock, it is necessary to study and make a reliable prediction model and via the model the clock rate of the atomic clock is predicted so as to be adopted in the monitoring of the coordinated local time and the calculation of the local atomic time. The problem how to utilize the grey model and autoregressive model to predict the clock rate of the atomic clock is discussed. The synthesized model of the two models is proposed and researched. It is tested and verified in combination with the actual data of the atomic clocks at National Time Service Center, and the computational methods of predicting the accuracies of the models corresponding to different atomic clocks are given. 相似文献
10.
简述了窄角天体测量中地面较差相位参考技术在射电波段以及近年来在红外波段的应用。给出了较差相位参考技术计算两颗星之间角距的基本公式;详细介绍了地面上红外波段实现较差相位参考技术VLTI-PRIMA的发展过程,和其结构、主要部件、科学能力,以及达到的目标和局限性。描述了2008年VLTI-PRIMA研制成功后进行的几次试验观测,并给出了与VLTI和NACO成像的比较结果。最后介绍了该工作的展望,如仪器硬件和软件的改进、VLTI第二代仪器GRAVITY的研制,以及根据PRIMA研制的经验,对我国研制仅有窄角天体测量功能的地基中等口径大视场光学望远镜提出几点建议。 相似文献
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We introduce an improvement on the star-pair method for determining the field distortion of a telescope. Our version is theoretically strict, it overcomes the short-comings of the traditional method and many star-pairs from one plate can be used for determining the distortion coefficients. Preliminary results of an application for the twin photographic telescope of Purple Mountain Observatory are presented. 相似文献
13.
利用给出的严格的较差大气折射计算公式,以ＬＡＭＯＳＴ为例,计算了较差大气折射对大视场长露光天文观测的影响．并与其他作者的结果进行了比较．该方法给出的是完整的较差大气折射量,与望远镜和导星方式无关．此外,还讨论了大气色散的影响,并探讨了可能的解决方法 相似文献
14.
FK5星表和依巴谷星表的比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
由ＦＫ５星表和依巴谷星表在不同历元上的比较、检测和讨论了ＦＫ５星表的系统差．结果表明，ＦＫ５星表的自行系统差可能是影响ＦＫ５星表位置系统差的主要来源．在一些研究工作中，例如在依巴谷星表系统中研究地球自转的长期变化或以前的照相观测结果的重新归算，需要考虑依巴谷星表自行个别误差的影响 相似文献
15.
许多研究结果表明,FK5和Hipparcos自行系统的关系,与VLBI和LLR所测定的岁差常数改正值不相符合．利用建立在FK5系统上的PPM和ACRS自行数据的分析,通过多个子样本的考察,发现不论由PPM或ACRS自行资料,都无法给出一致的岁差改正值和分点运动改正值．从而表明,FK5自行内部的系统差是产生这种问题的主要因素． 相似文献
16.
We discuss in detail the general relativistic effect in the X-ray sourcebased navigation for autonomous position determination program (XNAV). By using the post-Newtonian approximate method of the DSX scheme, we calculate the bending of light and the gravitational time delay under the 1PN metric, as well as the gravitational time delay under the 2PN metric, and finally obtain the high-accuracy time equation of light propagation in XNAV. 相似文献
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M. Yu. Khovritchev 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,393(4):1353-1358
The results of astrometric observations of the main Uranian satellites taken with the Faulkes Telescope North are presented. A median filter algorithm was applied to subtract a scattered-light halo caused by Uranus. The Two-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) and USNO-B1.0 were used as reference catalogues. The mean value of the differences between the equatorial coordinates of the satellites determined with 2MASS and USNO-B1.0 is close to 200 mas. A comparison of the observed equatorial coordinates of the satellites and their relative positions with ephemerides based on different combinations of theories of motion of Uranus and its satellites (DE405+GUST86, DE405+GUST06, INPOP+GUST86, INPOP+GUST06) was performed. The satellites' positions obtained with respect to 2MASS are in better agreement with theories. The values of (O−C) of the equatorial coordinates determined with the 2MASS are mainly less than 100 mas. The majority of (O−C) of relative positions are within ±50 mas. The mean values of the standard errors of (O−C) are within 20 to 60 mas. 相似文献
20.
Owing to the effect of refraction on the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the terrestrial atmosphere, the direction of propagation is changed. The path of propagation path becomes a curve with an increased path-length so increasing the propagation time. A simplified spherically symmetric atmospheric model is adopted to calculate the delay caused by the path bending, for different zenith distances. 相似文献