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高寒矿区软弱基底排土场边坡稳定性数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究青藏高原东北部高寒地区冻融条件下,软弱基底露天煤矿排土场边坡变形破坏模式和边坡极限堆载高度,本文以青海天峻祁连山北缘江仓露天煤矿排土场作为试验区,采用二维有限元法模拟分析了5种不同堆载高度工况下排土场边坡变形破坏模式,基于折减系数法确定排土场边坡安全系数和稳定性评价。分析结果表明:在容许堆载高度范围内,随着排土场边坡堆载高度的增加,排土场边坡位移量表现出显著增长的变化趋势,其水平方向与垂直方向最大位移量分别为1. 631 m和6. 320 m,当超过容许堆载高度范围,排土场边坡位移量发生突变,呈显著性降低的变化趋势,其位移量降低幅度为64. 27%～102. 32%;塑性变形区表现出沿排土场边坡承载基底位置处的草甸型软弱界面,向排土场边坡坡底位置扩展;剪应力在坡底位置处出现应力集中现象,且剪应力集中范围由边坡承载基底向上、向坡体内部扩展且呈连通趋势,其结果形成后缘拉裂、前缘剪切滑移的整体边坡变形破坏模式;排土场边坡安全系数随着堆载高度的增加表现出二次函数降低(R~2=0. 9896)的变化规律,当排土场边坡高度为65 m时,则达到边坡设计容许高度,且其安全系数为1. 25。本次研究所得到的排土场承载由草甸构成的软弱基底在坡底位置处的变形结果,与野外试验区边坡堆载作用下所形成的实际情况基本吻合。研究结果可为高寒矿区排土场边坡变形破坏科学防治,提高边坡稳定性研究,提供理论支撑依据和实际指导意义。 相似文献
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尾矿坝和排土场作为矿山采选固废的堆存场所是矿山事故发生高频区域,其安全与否直接关系到矿山工程的正常生产。在分析国内尾矿坝-排土场联合堆坝所取得成果的基础上,结合湖南省某钨矿所属尾矿坝-排土场联合堆坝存在的问题,分析了尾矿坝-排土场联合堆排体三个剖面整体的稳定性,同时研究了各剖面边坡参数是否能有效拦截上方滚石,提出了各剖面外坡边坡角的优化参数,采用数值模拟方法对各剖面坡形优化后的外坡边坡角的稳定性进行了分析,根据计算结果对排土场外坡进行卸荷开采设计,卸荷后形成六级外坡平台,平台宽度为5.0 m,研究成果能够很好的指导尾矿坝-排土场联合堆排工程的治理设计。 更多还原 相似文献
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3DGIS与有限元数值计算耦合方法及其系统开发,是目前GIS与岩土工程交叉学科的重要研究内容。通过对MeshPy、GRASS GIS、vtkPython以及Scipy等多个开源库的探索与编程实践,以Python为“黏合剂”,构建了GIS与三维有限元数值计算无缝耦合的平台框架。在满足几何形状、Delaunay特性、角度、面积以及体积等约束条件下,通过MeshPy包含的Triangle与TetGen库获得能用于有限元数值计算的三角形与四面体网格,并阐述了限定Delaunay三角化（CDT）节点插入算法与四面体网格质量控制方法。以排土场为例,针对CDT网格建立的地表模型,结合vtkPython封装的模块与算法,提出了根据节点分布位置综合采用线性与三角形重心坐标的插值方法,有效消除了其他插值手段导致的部分地表高程畸变的现象。借助Scipy提供的矩阵运算模块,开发了邓肯-张E-? 模型,给出了采用中点增量法进行非线性求解的算法,并通过对室内大型三轴剪切试验的数值模拟验证了程序的正确性。最后,对准东露天煤矿北部排土场堆排过程开展三维有限元数值计算,结合GRASS GIS对排弃物料高度与厚度空间分布规律的分析结果,对排土场边坡位移变化规律进行初步研究,结果表明,排土场垂直位移与排弃料高度及厚度相关,而最大水平位移则出现在各台阶坡体边缘位置,与实际情况一致。 相似文献
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极限承载力一直是采矿、岩土等领域关注的难点和热点问题,严重影响着边坡与邻坡建（构）筑物的安全稳定性。基于极限分析上限定理,考虑边坡滑动溢出位置不确定性影响,建立3种模式的非均质成层边坡刚性多滑块破坏机制,推导出边坡极限承载力上限解,并采用序列二次规划算法（SQP）求其最优值。以三岔露天矿北帮为工程背景,通过与数值计算结果对比分析,验证本文方法的有效性,进而开展不同坡角和排土场距坡肩距离影响分析。结果表明：（1）本文方法计算结果与数值计算结果吻合度较好,表明本文方法边坡极限承载力上限解合理有效;（2）边坡极限承载力与坡角大小呈线性负相关,与排土场距坡肩距离呈线性正相关,相比于排土场距坡肩距离而言,坡角对边坡承载力影响更为敏感;（3）坡角变化对边坡失稳模式影响较大,而排土场距坡肩距离的变化对边坡失稳模式影响不明显;（4）坡角和排土场距坡肩距离均对滑裂面起始位置和溢出位置有影响,滑裂面起始位置受排土场距坡肩距离影响较大而受坡角影响较小,滑裂面溢出位置受坡角影响较大而受排土场距坡肩距离影响较小。相关研究成果有望为边坡及邻坡基础设计提供理论支持。 相似文献
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通过在大面积堆载场地设置地表沉降监测仪器,进行历时3年的现场监测,对大面积堆载作用下滨海吹填软土地基的沉降变形特性进行了分析研究,揭示了大面积堆载作用下软土地基变形特性不同于常规荷载作用下软土地基变形特性的规律,总结了大面积堆载条件下软土地基变形沉降的规律,利用数值计算方法模拟了地基沉降变形规律,分析了地基破坏模式,数值计算结果与现场监测结果有着较好的一致性,在400 kPa堆载力的作用下,最大沉降值约为1.6m。 相似文献
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自平衡检测法在桩基检测中有效解决了传统静载法面临的许多问题,已得到广泛地推广和运用,其中自平衡法承载力计算中转换系数γ的取值是关键性问题之一。针对我国桥梁工程地基土质普遍存在黏性土的情况,依托台州湾项目工程,对黏性土中自平衡承载力测试法中的转换系数的取值进行了原位试验研究。选取3根钻孔灌注桩,桩径为1.5 m、桩长83.5 m,在原桩上先后进行自平衡法和堆载法试验,在桩身土层交界处布设钢筋计得到相应的桩侧摩阻力,将每根桩的上段桩在同一土层处自平衡法测的极限侧摩阻力值与堆载法测的极限侧摩阻力值进行对比,得到了各层土自平衡转换系数值,在该基础上收集了相似工程2根桩检测数据进行分析,结果表明在黏性土中钻孔灌注桩自平衡法与堆载法测得的上段桩极限摩阻力之比为0.7～0.8。 相似文献
9.
堆载下单桩负摩阻力工作性状非线性数值分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用三维非线性数值方法对一算例在堆载作用下桩侧负摩阻力进行了计算分析。计算结果揭示了摩擦型、端承型桩负摩阻力工作性状的异同;分析了堆载速度、桩顶荷载对负摩阻力的影响:堆载越快,负摩阻力越小;在无桩顶荷载作用下,由负摩阻力引起的下拉荷载最大,可视为常规方法设计的上限值;桩顶荷载与堆载施工顺序对负摩阻力的影响也很大,先施加桩顶荷载,后进行堆载所产生的负摩阻力最大,反之最小。 相似文献
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Effects of monsoonal rainfall on waste dump stability and respective geo-environmental issues: a case study 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The stability of mine waste dumps is of critical importance and an issue, the mining industry of Goa, India is continually
facing. The State of Goa receives high rainfall of around 3,000 mm annually. This heavy monsoonal rainfall is often believed
to be the cause of dump slope instability. In light of several dump collapses encountered in the State and their damaging
effects on both mine operations and local geo-environmental conditions, this paper examines their stability considering various
geotechnical factors and the downstream environmental effects of a slope failure. The mechanical properties of dump waste
material are reported at different compaction levels. The effect of these properties and changes in pore-water pressure are
specifically examined using limit equilibrium analysis. An empirical formula is developed relating dump height, material mechanical
parameters and pore-water pressure to the factor of safety of the slope. It was found that the level of compaction experienced
by the material had a significant effect on the factor of safety. 相似文献
12.
Tushar Gupta Rajesh Rai Ashok Jaiswal B. K. Shrivastva 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2014,32(3):705-712
The present paper discusses the impact of the geometrical parameters of the coal rib and the mine dump on the stability of the coal rib. The geometrical parameters such as the slope angle, the height of dragline dump, the height of main dump, the gradient of seam and the thickness of coal rib have been considered as input to the numerical model for the stability analysis of the coal rib. Sensitivity analysis has been performed based on the results of the analysis in term of factor of safety of the coal rib. The input parameters have been classified in terms of significance (i.e. very high significance, high significance medium significance and low significance). The factor of safety is more influenced by highly significant parameters. The height and the slope angle of dragline dump and the thickness of the coal rib are highly significant parameters for the stability of the coal rib. The gradient of the seam is a medium significant parameter whereas, height of main dump and the number of dragline cut dump are low significant parameters for stability of coal rib. 相似文献
13.
宽级配废石的一坡到底的高台阶排土场具有明显的粒径分级特征,传统稳定性分析方法将其简化为多层各向同性的均质土体,却实质性忽略了排土场粗粒土各粒组分布的不均匀性和随机性,导致难以获得其边坡稳定性的合理结论。依托江西某铜矿高台阶排土场,借助自编元胞自动机程序EPOHHM,采用5组窄级配粗粒土表征了高台阶排土场的粒径分级现象,模拟了各粒组散体分布的不均匀性和随机性,分析了不同工况下排土场的位移场及塑性状态,系统地探讨了不同堆排模式下排土场边坡的安全稳定性,提出了一种宽级配废石的高台阶排土场稳定性的精细化分析方法。研究结果表明,排土场发生“拉-剪”破坏;土体中上部有圆弧形滑坡趋势,下部变形表现为沉降,顶部平台产生拉剪裂缝。仅考虑散体力学强度时,底部粗颗粒（ 100 mm）含量的增加对排土场起显著的稳固作用,“单台阶全段高”的堆排模式比“全覆盖式多台阶”更有利于宽级配废石的高排土场安全稳定。研究成果将为保证明显粒径分级的排土场的长期安全稳定提供指导,也为今后分析此类工程问题提供借鉴。 相似文献
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以往研究中倾倒变形研究在反倾边坡较多而在顺倾边坡中很少,对两种不同结构的边坡形成倾倒体的异同点更是存在较多空白。在总结大量倾倒体实例基础上,对层状反倾和顺倾边坡倾倒变形形成条件及发育规模特征进行了详细研究。结果表明,顺倾边坡若发生倾倒,通常表现为坡高 100 m,边坡坡角 35°,岩层倾角 60°,岩性为薄层或薄层与中层互层的软岩、软硬相间的岩石;反倾边坡当坡角 30°及岩层倾角 30°就可能发生倾倒,其岩性为薄层～中厚层状的软岩、硬岩及具有似层状结构的坚硬岩石均可;提出层状岩质边坡“倾倒临界倾角 ”的概念,对于顺倾边坡, 60°,当 时边坡将可能产生倾倒破坏,当 时边坡通常产生顺层面的“滑移-弯曲”或“滑移-拉裂”型破坏;反倾边坡 30°,当 时边坡才可能演化成明显倾倒变形,当 时边坡不会倾倒或倾倒不明显;对于地质条件基本相同而坡体结构不同的两种边坡,反倾边坡形成的倾倒体无论是发育分布面积还是倾倒深度通常是大于顺倾边坡的,而且一旦形成倾倒体,二者的规模通常是深层的、大型或特大型的;倾倒体的分布面积和倾倒深度均呈现一种随坡高的增加而增加的趋势,坡高 250 m时其分布面积和倾倒深度表现为陡然增加,并且反倾边坡增加幅度大于顺倾边坡。 相似文献
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在分析矿区地形地貌、地层岩性、水文地质条件和影响排土场稳定因素的基础上,结合区内2#排场的监测资料,采用FLAC3D模拟软件和刚体极限平衡法中的毕肖普条分法,对排土场边坡变形、破坏的主要影响因素进行了分析,揭示了其滑坡机理;对3#排土场的稳定性做出预测,认为排土场边坡变形破坏模式是上部排弃物沿圆弧滑面剪切滑移与下部沿粉土、粉质粘土平面滑移的圆弧—平面组合滑移形式;基底土层的内摩擦角对排土场允许排高较为敏感,是决定允许排高的内在因素,基底粉质粘土的极限承载力是决定排土场允许排高的外在因素;基底土体极限承载力所决定的排土场的允许排高为90.60～91.60m。提出了填沟压脚、降低第一排台阶高度和基底排水等措施来满足排土场边坡稳定的要求。 相似文献
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天然软土地基路堤临界高度一种计算方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
考虑地表硬壳层应力扩散作用、硬壳层的抗剪强度、中间主应力 对地基承载力的影响,从实际情况下土的静止侧压力系数出发,依据极坐标表示的弗拉曼公式和统一强度理论,推导出天然软土地基临塑与临界荷载公式,提出天然软土地基上路堤临界高度的一种计算方法。结合算例,探讨了软土层和硬壳层静止侧压力系数 、中间主剪应力系数 取不同值对路堤临界高度 的影响。结果表明： 与 的改变对路堤临界高度 影响很大,新的理论公式更能反应软土地基承载力的实质,对覆有硬壳层的软土地基上路堤的修筑具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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Rajesh Rai S. Kalita T. Gupta B. K Shrivastva 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2012,30(6):1397-1404
The stability of mine waste dump is of paramount importance from economic and safety point of view. The present paper deals with the stability analysis of an internal dragline dump of an opencast coal mine by finite element method to classify input parameters in terms of sensitivity. Sensitivity analysis has been carried out for geometrical and geotechnical parameters of dump slope. It has been concluded from the results that ??friction angle?? is a more sensitive parameter as compared to the cohesion of dump material. The geometrical parameters of ??slope angle?? and ??height of dragline dump?? are classified as very high sensitive. The ??height of main dump?? could be classified as least sensitive, whereas, ??gradient of the seam?? and ??thickness of coal rib?? as medium sensitive parameters. 相似文献
18.
S. K. Chaulya R. S. Singh M. K. Chakraborty B. K. Srivastava 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2000,18(3):193-207
An integrated study on biological stabilisation of a dump slope has indicated that biological reclamation with grass and tree species should be considered for long term stability of this coal mine dump in India. The grasses have greater soil binding capacity and help to control soil erosion and improve dump stability. Native grasses such as Bamboo (Dendrocalmus strictus) and Kashi (Saccharum spontaneum) are the important constituents of grass species which can stabilise the dump slopes. Field observation of growth performance of grasses have indicated that mean grass height, root depth and below-ground root biomass are 185 cm (±68), 45 cm (±5) and 467 g m–2 (±170), respectively after three years of grass growth on Mudidih overburden dump slope in India. The growth performance of tree species, namely Sisum (Dalbergia sisoo) and Subabool (Leucena lecocephala), in terms of height, diameter increment, below-ground biomass and root depth have shown mean values of 219 cm (±94), 48 mm (±6), 4.0 kg m–2 (±1.5) and 1 m (±0.1), respectively. This acts as biological fertility which helps in root proliferation and enhancement of dump stability. From the numerical modelling it is suggested that roots of these grass and tree species have significantly enhanced the factor of safety of dump from 1.4 to 1.8 and therefore have a positive role in maintaining long term stability. 相似文献
19.
Zhan Liang-tong Guo Xiao-gang Sun Qian-qian Chen Yun-min Chen Zu-yu 《Acta Geotechnica》2021,16(4):1247-1263
The 2015 catastrophic landslide in a 110-m-high waste dump in Shenzhen is recognized as one of the largest landfill failure worldwide. An earlier comprehensive field investigation revealed that the dominant component of the fill was completely decomposed granite (CDG), and the dumping operation was accompanied by a rise of the groundwater level. In this paper, the complex stress paths for the initially unsaturated fill materials being subjected to both rapid filling and wetting were investigated. A simplified method was proposed for estimating the gain of undrained shear strength under the complex stress paths. Soil samples were taken from the site to a laboratory to measure the undrained shear strength and validate the estimation method. Total stress-based stability analyses were carried out to calculate the factor of safety of the dump at failure. The triggering mechanism of the landslide is clarified as follows: The gain of shear strength with the surcharge loading for the wet layer in the lower part of the waste dump was limited by a build-up of excess pore-water pressure. The gain of shear strength for the relatively dry fill material was attenuated with the rise of groundwater level. When the shear strength was not enough to resist the increasing slip force with the surcharge loading, a deep-seated translational failure took place in the lower wet layer of the waste dump. The proposed method for analyses of undrained strength and slope stability are proven to be applicable to the waste-dumping operation with rapid filling and rising groundwater level.
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