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以天山北坡的乌鲁木齐河、玛纳斯河和奎屯河作为典型流域,以出山口水文站多年序列水文气象实测资料作为分析样本,基于定性和定量相结合的研究方法,利用多种水文统计模型,全面分析典型流域近50年的流域水文综合特征、判断径流年内/年际变化特征及变化趋势,为深入了解天山北坡内陆河径流的多年变化过程和规律提供科学参考。研究结果表明,天山北坡典型流域在近50年水文特征及其变化趋势上具有较大的相似性:径流年内分配不均匀,集中度高;年际变化较稳定、Cv值逐步增大、多年平均径流量的距平变化幅度偏大,特别是1990年后各流域Cv值增大与径流变化增大趋势较明显。 相似文献
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由于气候变化和人类活动的影响,水文要素的分布形式和参数可能在统计意义上产生了变异。为了揭示水文要素在时间尺度上的变异关系,将乌力吉木仁河梅林庙测站1956~2000年的逐月径流资料,按照不同的时间尺度划分为季度、汛/非汛期和年径流序列,利用水文变异诊断系统分别对其进行变异诊断,并查阅相关文献得出剧烈的人类活动是导致变异的主要原因。通过归纳不同时间尺度的变异诊断结果得出,对于按照季度尺度划分的径流序列,不同月份径流量占年径流量的比例是影响季度变异的主要因素,在变异程度方面,第一季度的变异程度最大,而第三季度的变异程度则最小;对于汛/非汛期尺度划分的径流序列,其变异则受所包含月份的综合影响,且月径流量比例系数越大,其影响程度也越大;对于年径流序列,其变异则主要受到第三季度或汛期径流的影响。 相似文献
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受气候变化与人类活动的影响,水文序列一致性遭到破坏,传统的频率计算方法受到挑战。针对石羊河流域8条河流年径流量序列,在基于水文变异诊断系统进行变异分析的基础上,采用条件概率分布法和混合分布法进行了变化环境下的年径流频率计算。结果表明,石羊河流域年径流量序列以向下跳跃变异为主,变异年份多集中在1960年附近;变异序列的两种分布均通过K-S检验,最优分布的拟合效率系数均大于0.97;对比由考虑变异的理论分布与不考虑变异的一致性P-III型分布确定的设计年径流量,当设计频率高于90%时,大靖河与西营河的设计年径流量值相差较大。因此,石羊河流域新建水利工程的规划设计,应适当考虑水文资料的变异特性,选择合理的频率分析方法确定设计年径流量。 相似文献
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《地下水》2020,(2)
以新疆托什干河流域内的典型测站沙里桂兰克水文站为主要研究对象,基于沙里桂兰克水文站1957-2017年共61年实测径流量资料,通过对该流域径流年内和年际变化特征及水文站长系列水文资料资料的可靠性、一致性和代表性进行分析,结果显示:(1)托什干河径流主要为雨雪混合补给,径流年内分配极不均匀,径流季节分布较为集中,5-8月径流量占全年径流量的77. 3%,而1-3月径流量仅占年径流量的2. 8%,四季分配不均匀;多年平均年径流量为28. 3×108m3,2003年为最丰年,年径流量为41. 3×108m3,2014年为最枯年,年径流量为17. 0×108m3,与相邻地区河流相比,托什干河的径流年际变化较大。(2)流域沙里桂兰克水文站水文资料无明显错误,成果可靠,径流系列一致性较好,年径流系列具有较好的收敛性,且存在比较完整的年际变化周期过程。研究结果为流域水资源合理开发及防洪安全提供了基础依据。 相似文献
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变化环境下水文资料序列的可靠性与一致性分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
由于气候变化和人类活动的双重影响,实测水文系列会发生一定程度变化,而水文资料的非一致性直接影响到水文模型参数的代表性,影响到水文模拟的精度和可靠性。选择黄河流域和淮河流域的两个典型支流,采用有序聚类法和Mann-Kendall检验法对其水文序列资料进行突变检测,结果表明,黄河流域黑石关站的水文序列在1969年以后发生了较大的变化,而淮河流域息县站的水文序列未发生明显变化,说明黑石关站水文系列自1969年以来受气候变化和人类活动等因素的影响比较大,在一定程度上破坏了该站水文序列的一致性。相比而言,息县站流域受气候变化和人类活动的影响比较小,水文序列的稳定性较好。 相似文献
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采用不同方法对黄河中游典型风沙滩河流海流兔河19572007年的径流资料进行了分析。采用年内分配不均匀系数法分析表明,海流兔流域径流年内分配均匀,集中度低。应用Mann-Kendall秩次检验法,证明年径流序列存在明显下降趋势。而同时期的降雨量不存在显著的趋势,且降水年内分配十分不均,主要集中在夏季的79月,冬季少雨。利用情势变化指数法（RSI）分析得到海流兔河年径流变化的几个阶段分别为19571967年、19681988年、19892000年、20012007年。通过对比降水资料和径流资料的变化趋势和年内分配,发现降水对径流变化的影响不明显。 相似文献
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变化环境下水文序列常表现出非一致性,导致基于独立同分布假设的频率分析方法受到严峻挑战,故亟需研究适用于非一致性水文序列的频率分析方法。针对具有趋势变异的水文序列,提出了一种考虑局部趋势的非一致性水文频率分析方法:以具有局部与整体趋势识别能力的滑动窗口趋势分析法诊断序列;构造时变概率分布模型组,采用融合了贝叶斯理论的广义极大似然法估计模型参数;优选模型并按照等可靠度原则推求设计值及置信区间。应用该方法对甘肃石羊河流域红崖山水库站年径流量序列开展了实例研究,结果表明从设计值及95%置信区间角度看,所提方法与现行的一致性频率分析方法及考虑整体趋势的时变分布方法相比存在一定的差异,揭示了在准确识别序列局部或整体趋势成分的基础上,开展非一致性水文频率分析有助于合理估计设计值。 相似文献
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长江-黄河源寒区径流时空变化特征对比 总被引：40，自引：8，他引：32
长江源区比黄河源区寒冷而干燥, 年径流量仅为黄河源区的60%, 径流年内分配较黄河源区均匀性差, 丰水年与枯水年比例基本相当, 而黄河源区枯水年占较大优势. 近40 a来长江源区径流量总体上呈明显的递减趋势, 黄河源区径流量则呈现略微增长趋势. 长江源区径流量以8～9 a的周期变化较为显著, 黄河源区径流量则以7～8 a周期比较显著. 对寒区径流变化的主要影响因子分析表明, 长江源区温度因子对径流年际变化影响大于黄河源区, 而降水因子影响相对较小, 长江源区寒区水文环境对径流影响较大是造成长江、黄河源区径流差异形成的主要原因. 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
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正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献