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农业技术创新扩散环境的定量化评价研究——以杨凌、关中地区为例 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
以中国干旱半干旱地区农业技术创新的制高点杨凌农业示范区作为创新扩散源头,以关中地区作为扩散区域,从构建评价指标体系入手,对关中地区各市区农业技术扩散环境进行定量化评价与分析。结果表明:关中地区总体扩散环境欠佳,各市区(除杨凌外)扩散环境差别不大;各个具体的评价因子对各地市扩散总体环境的贡献表现出较大的差异性;关中地区表现为3种不同的扩散环境:杨凌区最优,宝鸡、咸阳、西安市次之,铜川、渭南两市扩散环境最差。 相似文献
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农业技术扩散环境是指在一定时空范围内影响农业技术空间扩散的各种外部因素的综合体.遵循系统性、科学性和可靠性等原则,构建出农业技术扩散环境评价指标体系,借助SPSS软件和GIS技术对我国西北地区县域的农业技术扩散环境进行定量化评价与分析.结果表明:影响县域农业技术扩散环境的因素有耕地集约规模及农业发展水平、社会文化环境、... 相似文献
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区域间技术和创新传播的理论分析与政策思考 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
新古典区域经济学有关区域间技术与创新传播的理论存在明显的缺陷，从理论上分析，等级传播与波浪式传播是区际技术与创新传播的两种主要方式，在这两种不同传播与扩散方式并不是朴素排斥的，在不同的发展阶段，区域间技术与创新传播的样式有所不同，且其影响也不同，在理论分析的基础上，文章针对西部大开发战略提出了一些政策建议。 相似文献
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我国周边安全环境与安全战略 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
国家安全是国家生存和发展的首要问题。在不同时期的国际秩序中，安全环境具有不同的含义。冷战结束后，维系国际政治经济格局的两极对峙不复存在，国际政治舞台上各种力量均势正地进行着较量和变化;国际安全环境中极端民族主义、宗教势力等社会因素的地位上升，地区性冲突成为全球安全的主要特征；全球经济向一体化、信息化转轨加大了发展中国家与发达国家之间的差距；全球技术的飞跃进步和技术发展与 应用的差距也成为影响当代国际政治经济安全秩序的重要条件。全球政治经济格局的这种变化不仅更新了安全环境的内容和安全观念，也为国家安全战略提出挑战。我国是一个多邻国众多的国家，维护国家安全具有重要的战略意义。 相似文献
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William B. Wood 《The Professional geographer》1988,40(3):266-279
Apart from the tragic certainty of death which accompanies AIDS everywhere, the means of its transmission, the spatial patterns of its diffusion, and the groups at highest risk of infection vary considerably among world regions. This paper reviews the disease and its transmission, then proposes three models of AIDS diffusion to assess the implications of the epidemic on various regions. AIDS North, of North America and western Europe, is urban based and primarily confined to homosexuals and IV drug abusers. AIDS South, in central Africa and the Caribbean, is spreading from cities into rural regions and affects primarily heterosexuals. The third, an AIDS North/South hybrid, is postulated as a model of diffusion of the disease in other Third World regions. The final section addresses the potential contribution of geographic research to policy-makers in attempting to cope with the diffusion of AIDS and in curbing the epidemic's advance. 相似文献
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中国周边安全环境与地缘战略构想 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
中国国土面积辽阔，海、路疆界漫长，周边邻国众多。这种地理特点为中国的安全提供了足够的战略纵深和广阔的地缘战略空间，同时也为中国的安全增加了许多复杂的因素和难度。本文从政治地理学角度，将我国周边漫长的边界分为三条地缘线：即北—西北线地缘、西南线地缘和东南线地缘。通过对三条地缘线安全环境的演化分析，认为在今后一段时期内，东—南线地缘将是影响我国安全的热线地缘。并在此基础上提出了我国的地缘安全战略。 相似文献
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农业技术扩散环境量化与评价可为农业技术的时空扩散提供有益的参考。本文以陕甘宁3省(区)169个县(区)为研究对象,选取衡量农业技术扩散环境的12个指标,运用主成分分析法计算县域分值并分析其差异,同时运用GeoDa软件提供的Moran's I指数和LISA地图等方法描述其空间特征。分析结果表明:① 影响三省(区)县域农业技术扩散环境的主因子为农业产出效率及文化环境、农业资源禀赋条件和农业投入水平;② 三省(区)县域农业技术扩散环境水平存在显著差异,地理空间上存在集聚性;③“热点”县域集中分布在关中地区、河西走廊和宁夏北部引黄灌溉区,“冷点”县域分布在甘肃中南部地区;④ 西北地区农业技术扩散环境空间分异主要是由于自然条件与社会经济文化的空间差异所致。 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2001,53(4):559-581
Books reviewed: Bassin, Mark, Imperial Visions: Nationalist Imagination and Geographical Expansion in the Russian Far East, 1840 – 1865 Shortridge, James R., Our Town on the Plains: J. J. Pennell's Photographs of Junction City, Kansas, 1893 – 1922 Jakle, John A. and Sculle, Keith A., Fast Food: Roadside Restaurants in the Automobile Age Boeschenstein, Walter, Historic American Towns along the Atlantic Coast McKee, Jesse O., Ethnicity in Contemporary America: A Geographical Appraisal Luciuk, Lubomyr Y., Searching for Place: Ukrainian Displaced Persons, Ottawa, and the Migration of Memory Hausladen, Gary, Places for Dead Bodies Phillips, Richard, Watt, Diane and Shuttleton, David, De‐Centering Sexualities: Politics and Representations beyond the Metropolis Goldin, Liliana R., Identities on the Move, Transnational Processes in North America and the Caribbean Basin McDonald, David A., On Borders: Perspectives on International Migration in Southern Africa Fox, Roddy and Rowntree, Kate, The Geography of South Africa in a Changing World Takeuchi, Keiichi, Modern Japanese Geography: An Intellectual History Amery, Hussein A., and Wolf, Aaron T., Water in the Middle East: A Geography of Peace Karl, Thomas R., Nicholls, Neville and Ghazi, Anver, Weather and Climate Extremes: Changes, Variations, and a Perspective from the Insurance Industry Pittman, Blair, Texas Caves 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1988,40(2):248-258
Book Reviews in are this Article Northern Waters . Clive Archer and David Scivener , EDS. Principles of Geographical Information Systems for Land Resources Assessment . P. A. Burrough . The Great Lakes: An Environmental Atlas and Resource Book. Environment Canada , United States Environmental Protection Agency , Brock University , AND Northwestern University . Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State. Rays Hudson AND Jim Lewis , EDS. Hazards: Technology and Fairness. Robert W. Kates and Alvin M. Weinberg . The Price of War. Urbanization in Vietnam 1954–85. Nigel Thrift and Dean Forbes . Population Structures and Models: Developments in Spatial Demography. Robert Woods and Philip Rees , EDS. Evaluating Earthquake Hazards in the Los Angeles Region-An Earth-Science Perspective. J. I. Ziony , ed . 相似文献
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九十年代广东省不同经济地域差异分析 总被引：19，自引：1，他引：18
在改革开放以来的第二个十年里,广东省区域差异在不断深化的同时出现了一些新的特征,由此导致广东省的空间结构进入一个新的层次。文中以美国学者Ｊ．Ｆｒｉｅｄｍａｎ的核心－边缘模式作为理论基础,分析了广东省四大经济地域发展水平的差异,探讨了空间极化与空间扩散趋势。研究表明,９０年代以来,广东省在极化作用持续加强、区域差异不断扩大的同时,扩散效应已 开始显现,即在不平稳发展中出现了平稳的趋势,从而使核心－边 相似文献
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地理系统非均质空间扩散定量研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
地理系统的复杂性，导致不同地域地理环境存在差异，革新空间扩散的过程与行为将受控于地域的非物质性，从而在均质条件基础上的扩散模型与实际情况有较大出入。本文从非均质空间来考虑，将革新在客观现实中的二维平面运动转换为沿平面方向与地域自然，社会和经济合质量方向拓维随机运动，由此总结出非均质空间条件，革新的各向同性、各向异性、多源及动态扩散方程式。 相似文献
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资源与环境模型标准文档库及其与GIS集成 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：20
论述了中国资源与环境模型标准文档库的结构和内容。通过研究总结数学模型及其研究现状发现，中国资源与环境模型标准文档库建设需要完善尚有缺陷的数学模型、创建尚缺少的数学模型；通过归纳现有数学模型与地理信息系统的现有集成方法发现，目前的集成方法不能满足区域可持续发展集成模型的需要，据此讨论了数学模型与地理信息系统有效集成需要深入研究的内容。最后，提出了通过大量案例研究，形成区域可持续发展集成模型和中国资源与环境模型标准文档库2个软件包的可行研究思路。 相似文献
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企业所处的区域环境具有空间差异性，每个区域都有相对优势因素。所以开发利用区域环境是企业形成竞争优势的一个重要途径。本文在分析相关文献的基础上，把区域环境与企业战略相合，提出了基于区域环境的企业战略理论，认为企业应立足于区域环境是定发展战略，利用各种区域环境条件，形成竞争优势，提高企业竞争力，并采用企业跟踪调查法，对莲花集团进行案例分析。初步验证了基于区域环境的企业战略理论的科学性和实用性。 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1986,38(3):295-316
Book Reviewed in this article: Marine Resources of Kuwait: Their Role in the Development of Non-oil Resources . Fatimah H. Y. al -Abdul -Razzak Recollections of a Revolution: Geography as Spatial Science . Mark Billinge , Derek Gregory and Ron Martin Entre l'Eden et l'Utopie . Luc Bureau Developments in Political Geography . M. A. Busteed The Elements of Graphing Data . William S. Cleveland Rural Resource Management . Paul J. Cloke and Chris C. Park Third World Atlas . Ben Crow and Alan Thomas Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation: A Geographic Perspective on Natural Resource Use . Susan L. Cutter , Hilary Lambert Renwick, and William H. Renwick . Wine Regions of the Southern Hemisphere . Harm Jan de Blij Regional Development: Problems and Policies in Eastern and Western Europe . George Demko The Geographer at Work . Peter R. Gould Change in the Amazon Basin . John Hemming Geography Since the Second World War . R. J. Johnston and P. Claval Urbanization in China: Town and Countryside in a Developing Economy 1949–2000 A.D. , R. J. R. Kirkby Transport and Communications for Pacific Microstates: Issues in Organisation and Management . Christopher C. Kissling Fluvial Forms and Processes . David Knighton The Urban Millennium . Josef W. Konvitz Technological Transition in Cartography . Mark Stephen Monmonier Field Guide to Soils and the Environment: Applications of Soil Surveys . Gerald W. Olson Northern Australia: The Arenas of Life and Ecosystems on Half a Continent . Don Parkes A Killing Rain: The Global Threat of Acid Rain . Thomas Pawlick From the Family Farm to Agribusiness: The Irrigation Crusade in California and the West, 1850–1931 . Donald J. Pisani Hybrid Maize Diffusion in Kenya . Franz -Michael Rundquist Warning and Response to the Mount St. Helens Eruption . Thomas F. Saarinen and James L. Sell Coastal Geomorphology in Australia . B. G. Thom Tropical Rain Forests of the Far East , 2nd ed . T. C. Whitmore The Dark Side of the Earth . Robert Muir Wood Categorical Data Analysis for Geographers and Environmental Scientists , Neil Wrigley 相似文献
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衡水湖湿地水环境分析及保护对策 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
衡水湖是华北平原惟一保存完整的内陆淡水湿地生态系统,生物多样性十分丰富,本文通过对衡水湖湿地水环境监测资料的收集整理,分析了衡水湖湿地水环境质量现状。结果表明:衡水湖在建立国家级自然保护区后,通过实施一系列严格的保护措施,目前水质仍保持较好。为了进一步保护衡水湖良好的生态环境,充分发挥衡水湖的生态功能,结合衡水湖的实际,提出了水环境保护建议。 相似文献
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甘肃省武威市绿洲生态环境综合评价及其整治方略 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
以甘肃省武威市为例，从绿洲生诚系统熵变的角度，试图建立满足因子量化要求和适于综合评价属性的绿洲生态环境评价和调控方法，按照系统稳定度熵值的大小，对绿洲生态环境质量进行了综合评价；根据各评价指标对系统稳定度的贡献，依次提出了绿洲生态环境的整治方略，以期对绿洲生态环境恢复和重建奠定科学基础。 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1982,34(3):352-379
Books reviewed in this article: Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing Aerial photography and image interpretation for Resource Management . DAVID P. PAINE . Analytical Models and Techniques Spatial Processes Models and Applications A. D. CLIFF AND J. K. ORD Quantitative and Statistical Approaches to Geography: A Practical Manual JOHN A. MATTHEWS . Cartography and Maps Map Data Processing . HERBERT FREEMAN AND GOFFREDO G. PIERONI , eds. Computer-assisted Cartography: Principles and Prospects, 1982 . MARK S. MONMONIER . Cultural Navajo Architecture: Forms, History, Distributions . STEPHEN C. JETT AND VIRGINIA E . SPENCER . Rational Landscapes and Humanistic Geography . EDWARD RELPH . Economic The Structure and Control of a State Economy . W. L. L'ESPERANCE . Economic Geography . JAMES O. WHEELER AND PETER O. MULLER . The Myth of the Family Farm: Agribusiness Dominance of U.S. Agriculture . INGOLF VOCELER . Libya: The Experience of Oil . J. A. ALLEN . Geography of Public Finance, Welfare Under Fiscal Federalism and local Government Finance . ROBERT BENNETT . Environmental Management, Resources, and Systems Mountains and Man . LARRY W. PRICE . Environmental Geology . DONALD R. COATES . An Introduction to Environmental Systems . G. H. DURY . The Environment: Chinese and American Views . Edited by LAURENCE J. C. MA AND ALLEN G. NOBLE . Land Use in America . RICHARD H. JACKSON . Medical Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Medical Geography . MELINDA S. MEADE (ed.). Philosophy and Geographic Thought Birds in Egg/Eggs in Bird . GUNNAR OLSSON . PhysicaI Climatology: Selected Applications . J. E. OLIVER . Geomorphological Techniques . ANDREW GOUDIE (ed.). Political Politics, Geography and Behaviour . RICHARD MUIR AND RONAN PADDISON . The State of the World Atlas . MICHAEL KIDRON AND RONALD SECAL . Population The Population of the South . DUDLEY L. POSTON , JR . AND ROBERT H. WELLER , eds. Regional Latin America: Economic Development and Regional Differentiation . ARTHUR MORRIS . Developing the Amazon . EMILIO F. MORAN . Western Europe: A Systematic Human Geography . BRIAN W. ILBERY . Settlement Systems in Sparsely Settled Regions: The United States and Australia . RICHARD E. LONSDALEAND JOHN H. HOLMES , eds. African Perspectives: The Economic Geography of Nine African States . HARM DE BUJ AND ESMOND MARTIN , eds. Rural Nonmetropolitan America in Transition . AMOS H. HAWLEY AND SARA MILLS MAZIE , eds. Social Crime and Environment . R. NORMAN DAVIDSON . The Ghetto: Readings with Interpretations . JOE T. DARDEN , ed. Urban Urban Problems and Planning in the Developed World . MICHAEL PACIONE (ed.) Problems and Planning in Third World Cities . Edited by MICHAEL PACIONE . The City in West Europe . D. BURTENSHAW , M. BATEMAN , AND C. J. ASHWORTH . 相似文献