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贵州雷公山地区过渡性剪切带及其与锑金多金属矿关系 总被引：12，自引：7，他引：12
雷公山地区位于扬子准地台与华南褶皱带之过渡地带，发育加里东期由西向东运动的逆冲推覆型过渡性剪切带。该剪切带主要表现为一系列的劈理密集带、剪切褶皱、剪切透镜体、Ｓ—Ｃ构造、拉伸线理等构造形迹，并发育糜棱岩化岩石。其构造模式为受向面倾斜的主滑脱面控制，由一系列西倾东倒、上陡下缓、右旋逆冲的叠瓦状断裂、褶皱及过渡性剪切带构成逆冲推覆体；其形成时代为志留纪末的加里东运动时期；运动方式由西向东，形成深度在１４ｋｍ以上，其主滑脱面在三江─龙胜断裂带（在本区尚处地下深处）。由于燕山期由东向酉的逆冲推覆运动，将中深层次的构造形迹推到形成侏罗山式褶皱的地层之上，造成不同深度的陡、缓倾过渡性剪切带并列的格局。本区的锑、金、多金属矿的分布严格受过渡性剪切带的控制，矿体往往产于沿陡劈理裂隙充填的石英脉中，形成时代为加里东期。 相似文献
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湖北银洞沟银金矿床控矿构造分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
银洞沟银金矿床主要受印支期前武当顺层滑脱构造及印支期武当群逆冲推覆构造的控制，矿区内剪切带和褶皱紧密伴生，两者的接合部位蚀变和矿化强烈。主要容矿构造为剪切带和褶皱，其类型有轴面劈理型、片理型和滑税面型，矿体组合样式有斜列式、“S”形和“乡”字形、“H”型及网络形等。 相似文献
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一个褶皱控矿的典型—厚婆坳银多金属矿床成矿构造浅析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
广东潮州厚婆坳银多金属矿床、是一个成矿裂隙严格受褶皱控制的典型。矿区内含矿裂隙带与褶皱要素，如层面、劈理面、轴面、枢纽以及某些显微构造等，具有密切的空间展布和相同的应力与应变关系，褶皱构造地球化学控制成矿逆分带。中讨论成矿构造展布规律与找矿的指导意义。 相似文献
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大青山逆冲推覆构造带中劈理特征及其成因 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在大青山逆冲推覆构造带中发育一组非透入性板劈理构造,主要发育有两种劈理,分布在中部构造岩片和外缘构造带中。第一种劈理分布在主干逆冲断层下盘,受断层控制,为一组压扭性构造面,其产状、变形特征和滑动方向与主干逆冲断层相一致;第二种劈理为层间劈理,受岩性控制。沿着劈理面同构造新生矿物组合和碎屑颗粒变形特征表明,劈理形成于地壳中浅部构造层次上的低绿片岩相条件下,以韧脆性变形机制为主。劈理切割了大青山褶皱构造,形成时代为(121.6±1.6) Ma。应力场的分析表明,劈理构造由近南北向的地壳水平挤压应力作用形成。 相似文献
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微断裂中的倾斜标志层的拖曳褶皱（１）是滑劈理区别于其它类型劈理的标志。随里德尔剪切（Ｒ）发育的劈理，它与面理化岩石的各向异性面斜交并且与剪切带的各种角度（与α有关）相交。褶皱（２）在应变椭球体的ＸＺ面上发育，褶轴平行于高角度与Ｒ剪切相交的瞬态λ＿１。在递进剪切变形过程中，褶皱和劈理间的夹角发生了变化。在递进扭张带（α＜１）中，出现了最大的反向（反时针）Ｒ剪切旋转和祸皱间初始夹角的最大程度打开，达１７０°。从几何学上讲，这在简单剪切和压扭带中是不可能的，但是过长的Ｒ剪切的向前旋转受到了剪切带稳定的或逐渐变小的厚度的限制。细褶皱（３）增大了断裂的倾斜标志层的拖曳褶皱并在较高的应变下其轴面平行于劈理。在较高级褶皱（４）中，由于最初增量变形椭球体ＹＺ面上纯剪切和沿层间界线弯滑运动诱导的剪切作用影响，使得Ｒ剪切重新定位于轴平面位置。在它们垂直于谓轴的滑动中，褶皱翼部的拉伸和微劈石的非共轴变形使得以前的拖曳和细褶皱变形而呈一种特殊的型式。保存在劈理面上的条痕和／或微弱线理与剪切方向一致。劈理—褶皱截面、垂直劈理且平行于条痕线理的平面中的不对称构造都指示了剪切方向。 相似文献
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太行山北段金矿成矿期主要为阜平期和燕山期；主要控矿因素是矿源、热液和成矿控矿构造。在燕山期，变质核杂岩的隆升导致沿第四期轴面劈理形成切割早期韧性剪切带的韧脆性断裂蚀变带，使含矿围岩和富集在早期韧性剪切带中的金向断裂蚀变带中迁移、聚集形成工业矿体。并建立了成矿模式，指出了进一步找矿的方向。 相似文献
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滇藏铁路沿线滇藏交界段劈理化带成因探讨及工程效应分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
滇藏铁路沿线滇藏交界段劈理化带是新近发现的与高山峡谷区河流岸坡密切相关的介于劈理与节理之间的密集破裂构造型式。我们对劈理化带进行了较全面的调查、测绘、统计和分析, 由此得出, 劈理化带呈带状断续分布, 规模与河流岸坡规模有关, 在金沙江和澜沧江岸坡地带规模巨大, 并与微地貌关系密切。另外, “劈理”具有倾角陡、不均匀等特点, “劈理”走向往往与河流方向一致。劈理化带是在内、外动力相互作用下形成, 内动力作用可以形成劈理化带, 在内动力作用的基础上, 河谷地带的外动力作用也可以形成劈理化带, 内、外动力对劈理化带均有后期改造作用。拟建的滇藏铁路将通过许多劈理化带, 那里将来可能产生铁路地基大变形、隧道和桥梁大变形、隧道冒顶、隧道渗漏和发生滑坡、崩塌、泥石流灾害。因此, 在将来铁路等工程建设和运营中要采取针对性防治措施。 相似文献
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Bertram G. Woodland 《Journal of Structural Geology》1985,7(2):205-215
Spaced or domainal cleavage is widespread in deformed rocks of low metamorphic grade. This study presents evidence on the origin of spaced cleavage in deformed pelites from Silurian turbidite sequences in north-central Wales. The variable development of cleavage folia is related to the presence of concretions, which served to concentrate strain effects of well-developed cleavage folia in the matrix in some zones and to produce ‘strain shadows’ (few or no cleavage folia) in others. Compositional differences between matrix, narrow transition zones, and concretions also influenced the development of cleavage folia. Chlorite-muscovite porphyroblast growth was initiated before cleavage formation, but its further growth and development took place during cleavage formation. The relationship of cleavage to the concretions and to the chlorite-muscovite porphyroblasts indicates that cleavage developed in a matrix that must have been in an advanced state of lithification (anchimetamorphic to lowermost greenschist facies of metamorphism) and not during soft-sediment deformation. 相似文献
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The main conclusion of this study is that non-coaxial strain acting parallel to a flat-lying D1 spaced cleavage was responsible for the formation of the D2 spaced crenulation (shear band) cleavage in Dalradian rocks of Neoproterozoic-Lower Ordovician age in the SW Highlands, Scotland. The cm-dm-scale D2 microlithons are asymmetric; have a geometrically distinctive nose and tail; and show a thickened central portion resulting from back-rotation of the constituent D1 microlithons. The current terminology used to describe crenulation cleavages is reviewed and updated. Aided by exceptional 3D exposures, it is shown how embryonic D2 flexural-slip folds developed into a spaced cleavage comprising fold-pair domains wrapped by anastomosing cleavage seams. The bulk strain was partitioned into low-strain domains separated by zones of high non-coaxial strain. This new model provides a template for determining the sense of shear in both low-strain situations and in ductile, higher strain zones where other indicators, such as shear folds, give ambiguous results. Analogous structures include tectonic lozenges in shear zones, and flexural-slip duplexes. Disputes over the sense and direction of shear during emplacement of the Tay Nappe, and the apparently intractable conflict between minor fold asymmetry and shear sense, appear to be resolved. 相似文献
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I. M. Simanovich 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2007,42(1):75-83
The simplest intergranular cleavage and foliation of clayey rocks are typical of postsedimentary lithogenesis of folded terrigenous complexes at passive continental margins if the rocks do not contain metamorphic minerals. Cleavage zones coincide with metagenesis (anchimetamorphism) zones. Cleavage is often superimposed on the rock fabric formed in the process of subsidence lithogenesis (e.g., in the Verkhoyansk terrigenous complex). In other cases, cleavage in terrigenous rocks is regarded as the final stage of the development of their microfabric formation related to folding (e.g., Jurassic sequence of southern Dagestan). 相似文献
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《Journal of Structural Geology》1987,9(7):905-910
Arcuate hinge cleavage (a.h.c.) shows a near bedding-parallel, concentric, arcuate development within the inner arcs of hinge zones. It is favoured by alternating layers of marked viscosity contrasts with little layer-parallel shortening prior to parallel folding. A field example of a.h.c. from a greywacke/pelite sequence of the Variscan of Central Europe is presented. The a.h.c. is developed as a slaty cleavage in the inner-arc hinge zones of pelite beds close to and welded to the outer arc of greywacke layers. Microscopically it is defined by the alignment of platy minerals and oblate quartz grains. The a.h.c. (Sa) is cut by a divergently fanning crenulation cleavage (Sb) which, in turn, is cut by slip surfaces parallel to bedding. The slip surfaces are cut by a fracture cleavage which is the macroscopically observed axial surface cleavage (Sc). This sequence of deformational increments implies the onset of bedding slip after the formation of a.h.c. (Sa) and (Sb). We therefore suspect inhibited bedding slip by welded contacts to favour the development of a.h.c. 相似文献
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Kinematic analysis of sinistral cataclastic shear zones along the northern margin of the Mino Belt, central Japan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In this paper, cataclastic shear zones along the northern margin of the Mino Belt, central Japan are described, and the significance of the shearing in the tectonic evolution of SW Japan is examined. The Mino Belt in SW Japan is composed of accretionary complexes of Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age. Field investigation revealed that remarkable cataclastic shear zones trending east to northeast run along the northern margin of the Mino Belt. Closely spaced cleavage is developed in these shear zones. Lineation on the cleavage plunges at shallow to moderate angles. Deformation structures (e.g. composite planar fabric and asymmetric structure of clasts) in the sheared rocks clearly indicate a sinistral sense of shear. The shearing ceased by latest Cretaceous time, because the sheared rocks are overlain by unsheared Upper Cretaceous volcanic rocks. The sinistral shearing may be closely related to Cretaceous sinistral movement along the eastern margin of Asia. Sinistral shearing along the northern margin of the Mino Belt can be considered as a key for re-examining the tectonic development of SW Japan. 相似文献
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In south-west Ireland, hydrothermally formed arsenopyrite crystals in a Devonian mudstone have responded to Variscan deformation by brittle extension fracture and fragment separation. The interfragment gaps and terminal extension zones of each crystal are infilled with fibrous quartz. Stretches within the cleavage plane have been calculated by the various methods available, most of which can be modified to incorporate terminal extension zones. The Strain Reversal Method is the most accurate currently available but still gives a minimum estimate of the overall strain. The more direct Hossain method, which gives only slightly lower estimates with this data, is more practical for field use. A strain ellipse can be estimated from each crystal rosette composed of three laths (assuming the original interlimb angles were all 60°) and, because actual rather than relative stretches are estimated, this provides a lower bound to the area increase in the plane of cleavage. Based on the average of our calculated strain ellipses this area increase is at least 114% and implies an average shortening across the cleavage of at least 53%. However, several lines of evidence suggest that the cleavage deformation was more intense and more oblate than that calculated, and we argue that a 300% area increase in the cleavage plane and 75% shortening across the cleavage are more realistic estimates of the true strain. Furthermore, the along-strike elongation indicated is at least 80%, which may be regionally significant. Estimates of orogenic contraction derived from balanced section construction should therefore take into account the possibility of a substantial strike elongation, and tectonic models that can accommodate such elongations need to be developed. 相似文献
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The Klondike Schist that forms the basement rocks for the famous Klondike placer goldfield was emplaced as km-scale thrust
slices in Early Jurassic time, along with some thin (10 to 30 m-scale) slices of greenstone and ultramafic rocks. Permian
metamorphic fabrics in the schists were deformed during thrust emplacement by structures formed as the rocks passed through
the brittle–ductile transition. Early-formed thrust-related structures were almost-pervasive recumbent folds that affected
both the schist and greenstone/ultramafic slices and imposed a spaced cleavage with minor recrystallisation of micas. These
structures gave way to shallow-dipping phacoidal cleavage near (within <100 m of) thrust structures. Thrust-related structures
have been overprinted locally by well-defined steeply dipping reverse fault-fold zones, and associated upright folding on
regional (km) to mesoscopic (m) scales. The fold-fault zones occur as two orthogonal sets of structures oriented NW to N and
NE to E. Some of these steeply dipping fault zones have been reactivated by Late Cretaceous normal faulting. Orogenic (mesothermal)
gold-bearing veins were emplaced in local sites of extension during or after formation of the compressional fault-fold zones
and before normal fault reactivation. Over 400 veins (m to cm-scale) observed in this study imply a general NW strike for
mineralised structures (W to N), but with a broad scatter of orientations. Vein emplacement was controlled principally by
fold axial surfaces of kink folds of the fault-fold generation. However, some other local extension sites have opened along
preexisting structures to host veins locally, including metamorphic foliation and spaced cleavage planes. In addition, irregular
extensional fractures with no obvious structural control host some veins. The Klondike mineralised veins formed as swarms
with broad regional structural control, but represent relatively diffuse mineralised zones, with numerous scattered small
veins, compared to most orogenic vein systems. These diffuse vein swarms appear to be sufficient sources for the rich and
geographically localised placer gold deposits that formed in overlying gravels during erosion of the Klondike Schist basement. 相似文献
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Arrays of quartz gash-veins in small angle (40°), conjugate shear zones (type 1 arrays of Beach) are well-developed in the Upper Devonian Merrimbula sandstone of the south coast region of New South Wales, Australia. We argue that vein and cleavage geometry support an origin of the veins as tension fractures in a rotated secondary stress field rather than a primary shear origin as advocated by Beach. We also conclude that the veins develop in dilational shear zones under high fluid pressure. 相似文献
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P. G. Betts L. Aillères D. Giles M. Hough 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(6):1113-1125
The moderately metamorphosed and deformed rocks exposed in the Hampden Synform, Eastern Fold Belt, in the Mt Isa terrane, underwent complex multiple deformations during the early Mesoproterozoic Isan Orogeny (ca 1590–1500 Ma). The earliest deformation elements preserved in the Hampden Synform are first‐generation tight to isoclinal folds and an associated axial‐planar slaty cleavage. Preservation of recumbent first‐generation folds in the hinge zones of second‐generation folds, and the approximately northeast‐southwest orientation of restored L1 0 intersection lineation suggest recumbent folding occurred during east‐west to northwest‐southeast shortening. First‐generation folds are refolded by north‐south‐oriented upright non‐cylindrical tight to isoclinal second‐generation folds. A differentiated axial‐planar cleavage to the second‐generation fold is the dominant fabric in the study area. This fabric crenulates an earlier fabric in the hinge zones of second‐generation folds, but forms a composite cleavage on the fold limbs. Two weakly developed steeply dipping crenulation cleavages overprint the dominant composite cleavage at a relatively high angle (>45°). These deformations appear to have had little regional effect. The composite cleavage is also overprinted by a subhorizontal crenulation cleavage inferred to have developed during vertical shortening associated with late‐orogenic pluton emplacement. We interpret the sequence of deformation events in the Hampden Synform to reflect the progression from thin‐skinned crustal shortening during the development of first‐generation structures to thick‐skinned crustal shortening during subsequent events. The Hampden Synform is interpreted to occur within a progressively deformed thrust slice located in the hangingwall of the Overhang Shear. 相似文献
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Shear zones in sandstones of the Old Red Sandstone at Marloes Sands, S. W. Wales show three stages in their microstructural evolution. The initial phase is dominated by microfracturing and infilling of dilation sites with secondary quartz. This stage occurs before any significant shear displacement parallel to the shear zone borders. The second phase is associated with increased intracrystalline plasticity accompanying shear displacement in the zones. The third phase is characterized by heterogeneous deformation and recrystallization concentrated in zones marking cleavage planes. The high bubble content of grains influenced the sub-grain formation and recrystallization behaviour. 相似文献