共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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连云港港区60个表层沉积样品的定量分析表明,与港区水动力、底形等沉积环境条件相适应,该区有孔虫埋葬群可分为口门、湾中、湾顶三大群个组合,并可进一步区分出若干六个亚类组合：（A）湾项浅水区——丰度值最低,胶结壳有孔虫含量最高,活体含量高;（B）鸽岛沉积区——与A紧邻,但以丰度值高相区别;（C）西岸码头深水区——水深,丰度高,活体少,浮游个体多;（D）东侧浅水区——水浅,埋葬群特征与C相近;（E）涨潮三角洲区--沉积物粒径小,丰度高,胶结壳含量最低;（F）口门高能区——以沉积物粒径较低区别于E区. 相似文献
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河口有孔虫的搬运作用及其古环境意义(Ⅰ) 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
研究微体化石的搬运作用,不仅为区别埋葬群与生物群、正确再造原地的古生物组合所必需,而且可以为古环境研究提供重要信息.早在五十年代初就认识到有孔虫死亡后,其壳体象一般沉积颗粒一样,被水流搬运(Illings,1950),因而需要辨别原地与异地埋葬的微体化石群(Canter,1951;Jones,1958).有孔虫搬运作用的室内试验,始于法国的Berthois et Le Calvez(1960),他们首先探索了浮游有孔虫壳体与石英颗粒在水层中沉降速度的比较.后来,西德Diester(1972)进一步作了沉降试验;美国Berger＆Piper(1972)研究了浮游有孔虫不同种的差异性沉降作用,提出用沉降速度的分级求水流搬运作用的方法;而Yamashiro(1975)则发现用壳体的粒度分析更能指示搬运作用的强度.西德Seibold(1978)也讨论了各种浮游有孔虫沉降速度的差异可能引起的埋葬群动力分选.墨西哥Fok-Pun等(1983)则进一步研究了水介质密度与壳形对沉降速度 相似文献
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河口有孔虫的搬运作用及其古环境意义(Ⅱ) 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
五、河口有孔虫群的搬运与潮汐作用其实,在强烈水动力条件下,底栖有孔虫可以呈悬移状态搬运的事实,早已见诸文献.英国在英吉利海峡一带(Murray 1965;Murray et al.,1982),美国在加里福尼亚岸外(Lidz,1968;Loose,1970)等处,都报道了浮游样品中有底栖有孔虫出现.长江口与易北河口类似的发现,进一步说明了这种搬运作用在河口有孔虫埋葬群形成中所起的重要作用.潮汐河口的潮流可以使一定大小的有孔虫空壳泛起,甚至使固着不牢的小个体活有孔虫脱离基底、卷入潮流,然后搬运到水动力弱的地区与较细粒沉积物同时沉降堆积.相反,在河流或潮流强盛的粗粒沉积区,细小的壳体与细粒沉积物一起被冲刷而去,留下比较粗大的壳体.当然,下一次强烈的潮汛或者风暴,还可以将细粒沉积物中的壳体连同矿物颗粒一起重新掀起,发生再悬移作用,直到最终埋葬为止.上述长江口内洪水期与枯水期底质中有孔虫丰度与壳径的重大差异,肯定与这种再悬移作用造成的粒度再分配有关.但是无论如何,总是壳体与矿物颗粒一起发生分选,有孔虫壳径与沉积物粒径相应的发生变化. 相似文献
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天津市潮滩活体和埋藏有孔虫群的分布及地质环境意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对天津市潮滩8条垂直于海岸线剖面的57个表层沉积物样品进行了活体和死体有孔虫分析鉴定、粒度分析、含盐量测定,利用全站仪对剖面进行了水准测量,同时测定了海水盐度。研究了天津市潮滩有孔虫群的组成、数量及分异度等特征;通过聚类分析将天津市潮滩活体有孔虫群分为7个带,埋藏有孔虫群(活体+死体)分为5个带,但除了埋藏群Ⅰ、Ⅳ与活体有孔虫群Ⅰ、Ⅳ组合特征一致外,其他各带的组合特征及分带界线均不一致。通过分析活体有孔虫群分带与沉积物含盐量、海水盐度、潮位、沉积物组成等生态环境参数的关系,探讨了活体有孔虫群的主要控制因素;通过分析埋藏有孔虫群分带与潮位、沉积物粒径、现代沉积速率等沉积环境参数的关系,探讨了埋藏有孔虫群的搬运及沉积作用。指出了天津市海岸带活体有孔虫群和埋藏有孔虫群的关系、环境特征及地质意义,为该区高精度的古沉积环境划分提供了重要指标。 相似文献
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海洋底质表层沉积物中的有孔虫壳体沾染上锰质微粒是沉积介质化学条件的反映。南海深水底质沉积物的四个沉积带中分别峭同量有孔虫沾染壳,有孔虫沾染壳的比例在垂向上的分布存在着这样一个规律：最上部的氧化带中较少;其下覆的氧化还原接触带中最多;至氧化还原过渡带和还原带中又变少。这说明有孔虫壳体在埋葬过程中经历了一个无沾染白色壳→沾染壳→无沾染白色壳的变化,也反映了表层沉积物孔隙中锰的生物地球化学过程。沉积物中 相似文献
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对渤海东北海域211个表层样品中有孔虫的定量和定性分析,共得底栖有孔虫48属109种,浮游有孔虫匮乏。对底栖有孔虫中58个种运用Q型因子分析,经方差最大化旋转,获得3个主因子的方差累计贡献为98.62%。组合Ⅰ为毕克卷转虫变种-冷水面颊虫,代表低温低盐沿岸流分布的滨岸环境;组合Ⅱ为异常诺宁虫-伊格尔虫未定种,代表黏土粉砂沉积物分布的近岸浅海;组合Ⅲ为压扁卷转虫-覆盖面颊虫,代表30m水深线以外的较深水环境。研究区有孔虫埋葬群分布主要受冬季低温低盐沿岸流、沉积物分布、潮流、沉积速率及CaCO3含量等因素的控制。 相似文献
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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2021,41(3)
对废黄河水下三角洲北翼LYK钻孔微体生物群的分布特征及属种组合进行研究,共鉴定底栖有孔虫50属67种,介形类30属46种,运用Q型聚类分析,将钻孔内底栖有孔虫划分为5个组合,并结合AMS14C测年结果和沉积物粒度特征,恢复了研究区域千年以来的沉积环境演化:在黄河流入前,研究区发育粒度较细、分选较好的陆架沉积,微体生物群组合接近正常海相;在黄河夺淮入海后,研究区开始接受巨量的粗颗粒沉积物,分选变差,出现了大量近岸半咸水属种的有孔虫和介形虫,沉积环境从典型的浅海向三角洲前缘演变;直到黄河北归后,大量泥沙供给断绝,在波浪和潮流的共同作用下,研究区经历了侵蚀和再沉积过程,沉积物砂泥比升高,微体生物群丰度和分异度急剧下降,广盐类微体生物群增加;随着侵蚀中心逐渐南移,研究区动力条件趋于稳定,前期形成的侵蚀洼地逐渐接受径流和潮流的双向沉积,出现大量浮游有孔虫等异地分子;近年来,伴随波浪和潮汐的改造加工,研究区逐渐形成了趋于平缓的夷平面,由动荡的滨岸逐渐过渡到现今稳定的浅海相沉积环境。 相似文献
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钱塘江口、长江口的现代沉积物中含有个体细小,分异度高的有孔虫群,这是河口潮流悬移搬运的产物。相似的小个体有孔虫群在西欧易北河等河口亦有发现。对比东亚、西欧、北美具不同潮汐幅度的河口,证明有孔虫群的属种分异度、壳体大小分选程度均与潮汐幅度相关。有孔虫群与潮汐的上述关系为识别古潮汐河口沉积,再造河口潮汐变化历史提供了一种新手段。 相似文献
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Modern foraminiferal assemblage zones can be used to reconstruct palaeo sea levels when applied to fossil foraminifera down a sediment core. Previous intertidal foraminiferal studies have predominantly focused on assemblages in surface sediments (0–1 cm), with the rationale that surface assemblages reflect the modern-day environment. Foraminifera live infaunally and therefore there is a need to document the infaunal vertical distribution of living foraminifera to fully capture the modern environment. Infaunal foraminiferal populations may compositionally differ from or be similar to those in the uppermost 1 cm of a core sample, but abundance is variable vertically, making it very complex to reconstruct and interpret past sea levels. This can have implications for the choice of assemblages to use as modern analogues for past sea-level reconstructions. This study documents the vertical infaunal distribution of living foraminifera, to allow for more informed interpretations of palaeo-reconstructions in mangrove environments. The down-core vertical distribution and abundance of living foraminifera, along with grain size and organic content, were documented using sediment cores along an elevational transect. Nine taxa were recorded as living at the time of collection, six of which were restricted to the top 4 cm. The majority of these were calcareous and found in the cores situated closer to the intertidal channel. Therefore, we argue that the diversity of living calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera could be restricted by grain size, with coarser grain sizes associated with lower species diversity. The findings suggest that foraminiferal species inhabiting the top 4 cm represent deeper living foraminiferal populations. Therefore, the top 4-cm interval can be used to establish a modern training set upon which reconstructions can be based. The findings from this study will provide guidance on the use of South African mangrove environments for future sea-level reconstructions. 相似文献
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The behaviour of two species of foraminifera (Allogromia laticollaris and Ammonia beccarii) towards living and dead bacteria and inorganic particles was monitored using a cell-permeant fluorescent nucleic acid stain. The foraminifera were studied in seawater containing fluorescently labelled dead and living bacteria, and/or polystyrene particles of the same size as a control. Time-lapse observations under a fluorescence microscope clearly revealed pseudopodial transport of stained bacteria and uptake of bacteria inside the foraminifera. In contrast, no uptake of polystyrene particles was ever observed, although the foraminifera collected these particles and deposited them along the outside of the test. We conclude that foraminifera distinguish food and non-food particles while collecting. There appears to be a variation of uptake rate and final amount of ingested and digested bacteria. These variations occur between individuals of different size and species, and between sampling times (September 2001 and July 2002). 相似文献
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用活有孔虫分布指示三亚汊道外港潮流格局 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
由因子分析得知,海南岛三亚湾汊道外港海底分布有四个主因子活有孔虫群,它们分别代表海湾内水体、湖冲出半盐水水体、湾外内陆架水体及内陆架与海湾水相混的过渡水体.这些水体在潮汐作用下的运动、相互混合,可由各水体的有孔虫指示.由每个主因子因子得分最高的三个属种百分含量之和等值线图所指示的外港潮流循环格局,与海洋学研究所得的结果相当一致.利用有孔虫指示潮汐汊道潮流格局尚属首次尝试,这方法对海岸开发分析泥沙运动、污染物排放等有实践意义. 相似文献
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《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2003,50(3):435-447
Assemblages of living deep-sea benthic foraminifera, their densities, vertical distribution pattern, and diversity, were investigated in the intermonsoon period after the northeast monsoon in the Arabian Sea in spring 1997. Foraminiferal numbers show a distinct gradient from north to south, with a maximum of 623 foraminifera in 50 cm3 at the northern site. High percentages of small foraminifera were found in the western and northern part of the Arabian Sea. Most stations show a typical vertical distribution with a maximum in the first centimeter and decreasing numbers with increasing sediment depths. But at the central station, high densities can be found even in deeper sediment layers. Diversity is very high at the northern and western sites, but reduced at the central and southern stations. Data and faunal assemblages were compared with studies carried out in 1995. A principal component analysis of intermonsoon assemblages shows that the living benthic foraminifera can be characterized by five principal component communities. Dominant communities influencing each site differ strongly between the two years. In spring 1997, stations in the north, west and central Arabian Sea were dominated by opportunistic species, indicating the influence of fresh sedimentation pulses or enhanced organic carbon fluxes after the northeast monsoon. 相似文献
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南海南部活体浮游有孔虫分布特征及其影响因素初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对2002年5月采自南海南部海区11个站位20个垂直分层浮游拖网样品的浮游有孔虫组成和分布特征的初步分析,发现该区表层水体中浮游有孔虫分布广泛,共鉴定属种20种,以热带暖水种占绝对优势,广适应性冷水种有零星出现。深水种Globorotalia menardii在南海南部50 m水层中广泛出现,但壳体相对较小,壳壁较薄。该区0—50m水层活体浮游有孔虫丰度范围为(6 138—64 174)枚.1 000 m-3海水,大致呈西高东低的分布趋势,在西南部浅水区和西北部上升流区丰度最高,与表层水体的营养水平密切相关。将水样浮游有孔虫分布数据与该海区23个站位表层沉积样数据进行对比分析,发现遗壳浮游有孔虫与活体的分布关系密切,虽然在种属丰度以及分布范围等方面有明显差异,但两者具有相似的优势种组合。主要差异在于水体中浮游有孔虫优势种相对丰度差异较大,易溶种Hastigerina pelagica含量较高,而遗壳中浮游有孔虫各种属分布趋向于均匀化。此外,陆源物质的释稀作用对沉积物中的有孔虫丰度分布有明显的控制作用。 相似文献
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Through densified surface sampling of foraminifera and accurate elevation measurement a-long three transect lines in open-coast tidal salt-marsh of Jianchuan, particular salt-marsh foraminifera assemblages were found. The salt-marsh foraminifera assemblages are distributed in well-defined vertical zonations with respect to elevation and closely parallel marsh floral zonations. At the top of the vertical zonation all foraminifera disappear abruptly which are accurately located at the highest high water datum. This distribution pattern can be used to relocate former sea levels accurately (to an accuracy of within± 5 cm). A modern regional criterion of foraminifera for relocating the former sea levels in high resolution in our country is provided, and deficiencies of studying the vertical zonation only in sheltered coast salt-marsh abroad are filled up. 相似文献
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Silvia Hess Frans J. Jorissen 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2009,56(9):1555-1578
Analysis of living (Rose Bengal-stained) benthic foraminifera in 13 multicorer samples taken along the Cap Breton canyon (Bay of Biscay) revealed that the combination of organic-rich material and sediment instability provides very specific benthic ecosystem conditions. The active canyon hosts different foraminiferal assemblages that appear to be determined by different types and frequencies of environmental disturbance at the sites. Most of them are strongly dominated by shallow-infaunal living taxa that combine a tolerance for low-quality organic matter with a high reproductive potential. Foraminiferal assemblages characterized by high densities, very superficially living taxa and strong dominance of bolivinids and buliminids, follow a poor pioneer fauna dominated by Technitella melo. These assemblages are observed in the narrow canyon axis, where frequent sediment resuspension occurs and affects habitat stability. Assemblages studied from sites outside the canyon axis are still dominated by shallow-infaunal species but show lower foraminiferal densities and higher diversities. Deep-infaunal taxa are only present in some inner meanders and more distal stations. These assemblages are typical for ecological niches that are relatively stable and unaffected by re-sedimentation processes. They have attained a more advanced stage of ecosystem stability. They are influenced by neither lateral sediment nor enriched organic matter input. 相似文献
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Leontine E. Becking Daniel F. R. Cleary Nicole J. de Voogd Willem Renema Manon de Beer Rob W. M. van Soest & Bert W. Hoeksema 《Marine Ecology》2006,27(1):76-88
In order to preserve diversity it is essential to understand how assemblages change across space. Despite this fact, we still know very little about how marine diversity is spatially distributed, especially among lesser‐studied invertebrate taxa. In the present study beta‐diversity patterns of sea urchins, sponges, mushroom corals and larger foraminifera were assessed in the Spermonde Archipelago (Indonesia). Using ordinations we showed that the inshore zone (<5 km offshore), midshore zone (5 < x < 30 km offshore) and distance offshore zone (>30 km offshore) all contained distinct assemblages of sponges and corals, while only foraminifera assemblages from the inshore (<5 km offshore) zone were distinct. There was a significant spatial pattern of community similarity for all taxa surveyed, but this pattern proved to be wholly related to environmental variables for sponges and foraminifera, and primarily for mushroom corals and sea urchins. The lack of a pure spatial component suggests that these taxa may not be dispersal limited within the spatial scales of this study (c. 1600 km2). The analyses of the corals and foraminifera were additionally tested at two spatial scales of sampling. Both taxa were primarily associated with local‐scale environmental variables at the local scale and larger‐scale variables at the larger scale. Mean inter‐plot similarity was also higher and variation lower at the larger scale. The results suggest that substantial variation in similarity can be predicted using simple locally assessed environmental variables combined with remotely sensed parameters. 相似文献