共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Dynamic Systems of Petroleum Accumulation in the Nanpu Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正>It is significant to distinguish the dynamic systems of petroleum accumulation(DSPA) for the understanding of petroleum accumulation and distribution.According to the formation pressure framework,genetic types of petroleum and characteristics of conduit systems,three dynamic systems of petroleum accumulation were identified in the vertical profile in the Nanpu depression,Bohai Bay basin.The deeper DSPA(including formations Es_3 to Es_2) is a sealed system with high-overpressure and high-mature self-sourced oil.Most of the crude oil in the system accumulated in the periods of late Oligocene(23.5 Ma) and late Pliocene(2.4 Ma).The middle DSPA(including formations Es_1 to Ed_1) is an overpressured half-sealed system with mature or lower-mature self-sourced oil.The accumulation of oil in the system also occurred in the late Oligocene(23.5 Ma) and late Pliocene(2.4 Ma).The shallower DSPA(including formations Ed_2 to Q) is a hydrostatic system with lower-mature aliensourced oil from the middle system.Oil within this system accumulated only in the late Pliocene period.The oil in the shallower system migrated vertically along the faults from the formerly accumulated oil in the middle system by lateral migration along the sandbodies,whereas petroleum accumulation in the deeper system was mainly derived from the system itself by lateral migration along the sandbodies and rarely migrated out of the system.In this case,it seems that the deeper system is a more potential exploration prospect in addition to the other two proved favorable systems. 相似文献
2.
塔里木盆地喀什凹陷克拉托天然气来源分析及聚气特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
塔里木西南喀什凹陷的克拉托天然气主要表现为原油的溶解气或者湿气,甲烷含量为74.59%~85.58%,克4井和克30井天然气则为较干的湿气。克拉托天然气的δ13C1值为-41.2‰~-40.6‰,δ13C2值为-30.0‰~-27.4‰。气源对比表明克拉托天然气主要源自具有混源母质特征的中侏罗统湖相烃源岩,不同于源自石炭系烃源岩的阿克莫木天然气。喀什凹陷的中-下侏罗统烃源岩主要是由于新近系的巨厚沉积才从未成熟—低成熟阶段进入成熟—高成熟阶段,生成的油气在克拉托背斜圈闭中聚集,虽也属晚期成藏,却具有连续聚气的特征。上新世末期,喀什凹陷的周缘开始抬升,早期油气藏受到破坏,形成了现今的地表油气苗或油砂。 相似文献
3.
Little is known about the microscale distribution and potential molecular fractionation of bitumen residing in reservoir rocks. Few data exist on the comparative organic geochemistry of hydrocarbons in authigenic inclusions formed in reservoir rocks and the bitumen in the pore space.A three step sequential extraction technique has been applied to clastic petroleum reservoir samples, using a suite of solvents with increasing polarity, in order to address these questions.In the analyzed samples the following main trends were observed: (i) the first extract represents > 95% of the total extract; (ii) the relative polar compound content increases going from the first to the last extract; (iii) the last extract has generally a slightly lower apparent maturity as assessed using biomarker parameters. Additionally a reduction in the degree of biodegradation from the first to the last extracts was observed, implying tentatively that biodegradation takes place dominantly in the center of the pores. Fluid inclusion extracts show distinct source characteristics, however the last extract appears to approach the fluid inclusion extract signature in some aspects.The use of sequential extraction as a routine tool in the reservoir geochemical context is judged to be limited: however it may help to solve specific problems. 相似文献
4.
Jinxing Dai Yunyan Ni Caineng Zou Shizhen Tao Guoyi Hu Anping Hu Chun Yang Xiaowan Tao 《Organic Geochemistry》2009,40(5):638-646
The Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the Sichuan Basin, SW China consists of a series of coal measures. The first, third and fifth members of this formation are dominated by gas prone dark mudstones and coals. The mudstones contain Type II and III kerogens with average organic carbon contents around 1.96%. These source rocks are mature in the central Sichuan and highly mature in the western Sichuan Basin, characterized by gas generation with subordinate amounts of light oil or condensate oils. The source rocks are intercalated with the sandstone dominated second, fourth and sixth members of the Xujiahe Formation, thus leading to three separate self contained petroleum systems in the region. The proven gas reserves in the Xujiahe Formation are only less than that of the Triassic Feixianguan Formation and the Xujiahe Formation has the second largest gas field (Guang’an gas field) in the basin. Gases derived from the Xujiahe Formation coals generally show a normal stable carbon isotopic trend for C1–C4 n-alkanes, with the highest δ13C2 values among the nine gas pay zones in the basin (?20.7‰ to ?28.3‰), and δ13C1 values as low as ?43.0‰ in the central Sichuan. Gas accumulations with an oil leg have also been found in the eastern and southern Sichuan where the thickness of the Xujiahe Formation is significantly reduced. Gases in these accumulations tend to show low δ13C2 values (?30.0‰ to ?36.3‰), characteristic of oil prone source rocks. 相似文献
5.
油藏地球化学的基础与展望 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在系统综述国内外油藏地球化学研究现状和研究方法的基础上，着重介绍了其４个研究领域及地质意义，即：油藏地球化学描述、油藏原油混合作用原理、油藏中的有机隔层－沥青垫、油藏内有机－无机相互作用及储层润湿的改变。 相似文献
6.
The presence of shale oil in the Cretaceous Hengtongshan Formation in the Tonghua Basin, drilled by the well TD-01, has been discussed in this geological investigation for the first time. To evaluate the high-quality source rocks of Cretaceous continental shale oil, the distribution characteristics and the evolution of the ancient environment, samples of shale were systematically analyzed in terms of sedimentary facies, organic geochemistry, and organic carbon isotopic composition. The results demonstrate that a TOC value of 1.5% represents the lower-limit TOC value of the high-quality source rocks. Source rocks have an aggregate thickness of 211 m and contain abundant organic matter, with TOC values of 2.69% on average and a maximum value over 5.44%. The original hydrocarbon-generative potential value(S_1+S_2) is between 0.18 mg/g and 6.13 mg/g, and the Ro is between 0.97% and 1.40%. The thermal maturation of the source rocks is relatively mature to highly mature. The δ13C value range is between -34.75‰ and -26.53‰. The ratio of saturated hydrocarbons to aromatic hydrocarbons is 1.55 to 5.24, with an average of 2.85, which is greater than 1.6. The organic types are mainly type Ⅱ_1, followed by type Ⅰ. The organic carbon source was C_3 plants and hydrophytes. The paleoclimate of the Hengtongshan Formation can be characterized as hot and dry to humid, and these conditions were conducive to the development of high-quality source rocks. A favorable paleoenvironment and abundant organic carbon sources provide a solid hydrocarbon generation base for the formation and accumulation of oil and gas in the shale of the Tonghua Basin. 相似文献
7.
Well S provides a good opportunity to investigate the petroleum filling history in Tazhong North Slope.Petrographic investigations suggest that bitumen,oil,and petroleum inclusions coexist in Silurian sandstones from well S,reflecting a complicated reservoir filling history in the study area.Integration of organic geochemistry and fluid inclusion analysis shows that the Silurian reservoir has experienced three episodes of petroleum charge,that is from the late Silurian to the early Devonian,the early-middle Triassic and the Paleogene,respectively.The present-day reservoir fluids in the Silurian are the mixtures generated in multiple (at least two)episodes of petroleum charge.The oil charging into Silurian resevior in the early period had experienced considerable degradation,and was mixed with later non-degraded oil. 相似文献
8.
Although the effects of biodegradation on the composition and physical properties of crude oil have been well studied, effects of in-reservoir petroleum biodegradation on molecular and isotopic compositions of crude oils are not yet clearly understood. The Alberta Basin, in western Canada, is one of the world’s largest petroleum accumulations and constitutes an ideal example of a natural suite of sequentially biodegraded oils. The basin hosts moderately to severely biodegraded petroleum, regionally distributed and in single, more or less continuous, oil columns. In this study, a series of oil samples from the Alberta heavy oil and oil sands provinces, with varying degrees of biodegradation, were analyzed to assess the impact of progressive biodegradation on the molecular and C, H, N, and S isotopic compositions of oils. The results of the molecular characterization of the hydrocarbon fraction of the studied oils show that the oils have suffered biodegradation levels from 2 to 10+ (toward the Alberta–Saskatchewan border) on the Peters and Moldowan scale of biodegradation (abbreviated PM 2 to PM 10) and from tens to hundreds on the Manco scale. Within single reservoirs, increasing biodegradation was observed from top to bottom of the oil columns at all sites studied. The whole oil stable isotopic compositions of the samples varied in the ranges δ13C = −31.2‰ to −29.0‰, δ2H = −147‰ to −133‰, δ15N = 0.3–4.7‰ and δ34S = 0.4–6.4‰. The maximum differences between δ values of samples (Δ) within single oil columns were Δ13C = 1.4‰, Δ2H = 7‰, Δ15N = 1.7‰ and Δ34S = 1.0‰. Regional variations in the isotopic compositions of oil samples from different wells (averaged values from top to bottom) were 1.2‰ for δ13C, 12‰ for δ2H, 4.1‰ for δ15N and 5.5‰ for δ34S and hence generally significantly larger variations were seen than variations observed within single oil columns, especially for N and S. It appears that even severe levels of biodegradation do not cause observable systematic variations in carbon, nitrogen or sulfur isotope composition of whole oils. This indicates that sulfur and nitrogen isotopic compositions may be used in very degraded oils as indicators for oil charge from different source rock facies. 相似文献
9.
对北黄海盆地侏罗系两块含油砂岩的抽提物进行了常规的有机地球化学分析和碳同位素测试,结果表明它们具有不同的地球化学特征:埋藏较深的油砂抽提物属正常原油,饱和烃以正构烷烃为主,色谱图显示单峰型正态分布;而埋藏较浅的油砂抽提物,在饱和烃色谱图中有明显的UCM鼓包,同时含有完整的低碳数的正构烷烃、姥鲛烷和植烷,全油及族组成碳同位素分布范围广,为-24.7‰~-32.3‰,其中,全油及沥青质碳同位素偏重,饱和烃和芳烃碳同位素轻,反映出遭受了强烈的生物降解作用。与成熟度相关的生物标志物参数显示,原油已进入成熟—高成熟阶段。生物标志物和碳同位素组成表明,母质是在水体较浅的湖相环境下沉积的,受陆源高等植物和低等水生藻类的双源控制。综合判断,研究区存在两期油气充注。 相似文献
10.
11.
Khaled R. Arouri David M. McKirdy Lorenz Schwark Detlev Leythaeuser Peter J. Boult 《Organic Geochemistry》2004,35(11-12):1597
The Murteree Ridge is a focus for up-dip migration from two major hydrocarbon kitchens within the intracratonic Cooper (Carboniferous–Triassic) and Eromanga (Jurassic–Cretaceous) Basins of South Australia. The accumulation histories of nine oil fields along and adjacent to the ridge have been reconstructed by sequential solvent extraction and analysis of residual oils in sandstone core plugs from their stacked reservoirs. Four Cretaceous reservoir units received multiple oil charges that varied widely in source affinity, from mostly Jurassic (and/or Cretaceous) to overwhelmingly Permian in origin. The distributions of residual oil saturations in live and palaeo-columns are consistent with the existence of two compartments, with the uppermost pools (Cadna-owie, Murta) showing the highest Permian inputs. These accumulations represent the earliest escape of low-maturity Cooper-sourced oil into overlying Eromanga strata. This initial charge was displaced upwards into the shallower traps by subsequent hydrocarbon pulses. Three separate Permian-charge episodes can be recognised. The corresponding DST oils (0.6–0.7% Rc) represent either the compositional average of all charges to their respective reservoirs, or a continuation of the alternating filling pattern observed for successive charges. Oils in the Hutton (Jurassic) reservoir of the outlying Kerrina and Mudlalee Fields to the northeast appear to be mixtures of two distinct Early Permian oil families, variably co-mingled with locally derived Jurassic and possibly Cambrian hydrocarbons. 相似文献
12.
准噶尔盆地石炭-二叠系方解石脉的碳、氧、锶同位素组成与含油气流体运移 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在准噶尔盆地当前油气勘探的重点目标区西北缘和腹部地区,油气主要源于深部石炭系—二叠系。通过对其中的典型水岩反应产物,即裂隙方解石脉进行碳、氧、锶同位素组成分析,尝试讨论了油源流体运移的基本特征。实验结果表明,25件方解石脉样品的δ13CPDB位于－21.5‰~ 5.2‰之间,δ18OPDB(δ18OSMOW)在－8.1‰～－22.3‰(22.6‰~ 6.9‰)之间;20个87Sr/86Sr比值分布在0.703 896～0.706 423之间。据此,结合样品地质产状和区域地质背景,提出本区含油气流体在运移过程中伴随着深部热流体的影响,它们在流经石炭—二叠系时,对火山岩层的溶蚀使得流体岩石相互作用产物,即方解石脉的同位素组成反映出火山岩地层的地球化学标记。该认识表明,在今后的区域储层成岩演化和油气运移研究工作中,应充分考虑这类深部热流体作用的影响。 相似文献
13.
一种有效的油气成藏研究手段——有机包裹体生物标志物分析：以渤海中部沙东南构造带为例 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
包裹体生物标志物分析实现了包裹体烃与储层烃的直接对比，是目前最有效的有机包裹体成分分析方法之一。由于一般情况下成熟早期原油密度较高，其中高分子量的生物标志物浓度亦高，因此，虽然该方法为群体包裹体分析结果，事实上包裹体生物标志物主要反映早期烃流体的特征，因而该方法可用于追朔油气成藏过程中石油组成的变化。本文详细介绍了压碎法包裹体烃生物标志物分析方法，并应用该方法分析了渤海中部沙东南构造带油气成藏过程。认为沙垒田凸起上CFD11-1油田的原油为沙河街组与东营组下段混合来源，其成藏过程是：早期沙河街组一段、三段形成的成熟度低到中等的油首先充注在近凹陷的构造中(如CFD18—2构造)，晚期(上新世时)东营组下段成熟油及沙河街组生成的高成熟油充注近凹的构造，并将早期注入的成熟度相对低的油向构造高部位排驱，排驱过程中有部分晚期生成的油气混合一起进入浅层，在远离凹陷的凸起上成藏(CFD11-1油藏)。作者认为，在近凹的低凸起及潜山构造是寻找轻质油和天然气的有利区带。 相似文献
14.
《Applied Geochemistry》2005,20(7):1427-1444
Very high S oils (up to 14.7%) with H2S contents of up to 92% in the associated gas have been found in the Tertiary in the Jinxian Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, PR China. Several oil samples were analyzed for C and S stable isotopes and biomarkers to try to understand the origin of these unusual oil samples.The high S oils occur in relatively shallow reservoirs in the northern part of the Jinxian Sag in anhydrite-rich reservoirs, and are characteristic of oils derived from S-rich source rocks deposited in an enclosed and productive stratified hypersaline water body. In contrast, low S oils (as low as 0.03%) in the southern part of the Jinxian Sag occur in Tertiary lacustrine reservoirs with minimal anhydrite. These southern oils were probably derived from less S-rich source rocks deposited under a relatively open and freshwater to brackish lake environment that had larger amounts of higher plant inputs.The extremely high S oil samples (>10%) underwent biodegradation of normal alkanes resulting in a degree of concentration of S in the residual petroleum, although isoprenoid alkanes remain showing that biodegradation was not extreme. Interestingly, the high S oils occur in H2S-rich reservoirs (H2S up to 92% by volume) where the H2S was derived from bacterial SO4 reduction, most likely in the source rock prior to migration. Three oils in the Jinxian Sag have δ34S values from +0.3‰ to +16.2‰ and the oil with the highest S content shows the lightest δ34S value. This δ34S value for that oil is close to the δ34S value for H2S (∼0‰). It is possible that H2S was incorporated into functionalized compounds within the residual petroleum during biodegradation at depth in the reservoir thus accounting for the very high concentrations of S in petroleum. 相似文献
15.
歧口凹陷沙河街组成岩史分析和成岩阶段预测 总被引：20，自引：7，他引：13
渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷超压对有机质热演化、有机酸生成和水岩反应具有明显的抑制作用。在化学动力学模型中加入超压因子增加反应活化能,即可用于超压条件下有机质热演化和成岩作用的模拟。歧口凹陷深层(>3500m)主要为沙河街组(始新—渐新世)。在沙河街组沉积末期沙河街组三段(沙三段)就进入晚成岩阶段A1期,烃源岩开始生烃,生、储、盖层发育史与圈闭发育史匹配良好,油气藏开始形成。在东营组沉积时期(渐新世)—新近纪,沙河街组大部分地层处于晚成岩阶段A1—A2期,是其主要成藏期。现今沙河街组一段、二段和三段的上部仍处于晚成岩阶段A1—A2期,有利于油气藏的形成。然而,沙三段的下部在歧口凹陷的北部地区已进入晚成岩阶段BC期,镜质组反射率Ro≥1.3%,烃源岩处于高过成熟阶段,储层物性较差,不利于成藏,但在南部地区的沙三段下部还处于晚成岩阶段A1-A2期,生、储、盖层发育,是油气聚集的有利地区。 相似文献
16.
石油储层地球化学的原理及应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
储层地球化学是一门新兴的地学边缘学科，近几年，它已成为评价储层含油特征的重要手段，其核心内容是研究储层流体的非均质性。储层中石油组成的变化除由生物降解和水洗引起外，油源岩相和成熟度的变化同样能造成石油组成的非均质性。识别储层流体的非均质性不仅是重建油气聚集史的基础，而且还能为石油开发提供重要信息。这样能降低勘探目标的风险和油田开发费用。储层流体特征的旧纳依赖于油气、岩心抽提物的地化分析，其研究成果在勘探早期到油田生产结束过程中都能得到应用。 相似文献
17.
《Applied Geochemistry》1995,10(5):531-546
The petrography, fluid inclusion thermometry and isotope geochemistry of diagenetic cements are used to reconstruct the pore-fluid history of the Middle Jurassic Brent Group reservoir sandstones in the Alwyn South area of the U.K. North Sea. The study focuses on a relatively limited area of three adjacent reservoir compartments at successively higher structural levels. The cement assemblage of kaolinite, quartz and illite has resulted in severe deterioration of otherwise good reservoir quality. Early precipitation of vermiform and late blocky kaolinite was succeeded by a period of relatively intense illite precipitation. Temperature estimates for kaolinite precipitation of 80°C andδ18O of ≈ + 15‰ (±3‰) suggest co-existing fluids ofδ18O ≈ −3‰. Quartz cementation overlapped both kaolinite and illite formation. Fluid inclusion data indicate that quartz cementation took place at temperatures of 109±7°C. Pore fluid salinities were ≈4 wt% NaCl with a H2OO isotopic composition of ≈ -1 %o ± 0.5‰ SMOW. The fluids which precipitated coexisting illite were compositionally homogeneous with equilibriumδ18O water compositions of +0.5‰ SMOW. Illite SD values range from −33 to −50‰ SMOW. These fluid inclusion and isotopic data suggest that both quartz and illite were precipitated from pore waters with a uniform, marine signature. This is consistent with the predominantly marine to paralic depositional context of the Brent Group in Alywn South. Illite precipitation was followed by hydrocarbon emplacement between the Middle Eocene and Lower Oligocene. 相似文献
18.
研究与成藏过程相关的古流体活动有助于深入认识油气成藏过程,从经济目的出发预测储层质量,精确分析不同阶段古流体活动对油气成藏的影响具有重要意义。目前国内外石油地质学家主要利用同位素地球化学、元素地球化学、流体包裹体分析等无机地球化学方法分析古流体活动特征及其对油气成藏的影响。在归纳前人研究成果的基础上,总结了各种无机地球化学方法的最新研究进展,认为同位素地球化学方法有助于分析古流体来源与成因,元素地球化学方法可示踪烃类流体的运移,流体包裹体分析技术结合岩相学研究可分析油气运移的时间、期次、相态、通道和油气藏的富集规律,并指出油气运移和聚集的有利方向。在运用无机地球化学方法研究古流体活动时不应局限于单一方法,综合利用多种无机地球化学方法更有利于全面分析古流体活动特征。 相似文献
19.
准噶尔盆地浅层天然气多种成因地球化学研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
浅层天然气是当前国内外天然气勘探和基础研究的一个热点,在准噶尔盆地是油气勘探的一个重要新领域,但研究程度较低.为给区域勘探和成藏研究提供信息,并为国内外同类研究对比参考,主要以盆地腹部地区为例,着重从地球化学角度,包括系统的天然气组分、烷烃系列碳同位素组成、轻烃等,结合与天然气共生凝析油和储层沥青的研究,揭示了浅层天然气具有多种成因.研究区浅层天然气主要分布在陆梁、滴西、滴北和白家海4个地区.其中,陆梁地区浅层天然气成因为原油次生生物降解气,典型地球化学特征是气组分很干,几乎全为甲烷组成,甲烷碳同位素特别轻(–55‰~–45‰).滴西地区浅层天然气以石炭系来源煤型气为主,兼有二叠系来源煤型气和油型气,典型特征是乙烷碳同位素值变化大(–30.67‰~–22.20‰).滴北地区浅层天然气为石炭系来源煤型气,典型特征是乙烷碳同位素重(–24.54‰~–23.72‰).白家海地区浅层天然气为二叠系来源高成熟煤型气,典型特征是干燥系数大(0.97),甲烷碳同位素重(–30.15‰~–29.45‰),乙烷碳同位素较重(–25.83‰~–25.81‰).因此,研究区浅层天然气具有多种成因,主要包括来自不同烃源的原油次生生物降解气、油型气和煤型气,这预示着成藏的复杂性,需在下一步的勘探中给予充分重视 相似文献
20.
油气成藏年代学研究进展及发展趋势 总被引：51，自引：3，他引：51
成藏年代学是当代石油地质学的一个前沿领域。80年代以来，随着油藏地球化学、流体包裹体方法、同位素测年法、油气水界面追溯法等多种新方法或新技术的引入，成藏年代学研究取得了重要进展，实现了由传统的间接向直接研究、宏观向微观研究，以及定性向定量（或定期向定年）研究的重要转变。间接研究与直接研究相结合、宏观与微观研究相结合、定性与定量（或定期与定年）研究相结合，已成为现代成藏年代学研究发展的重要趋势，这对于叠合盆地的成藏年代与成藏史研究尤为必要。就各种成藏年代学研究方法的应用及其存在的问题进行了简要分析和讨论。 相似文献