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1.
丁草胺是使用最广泛的酰胺类除草剂之一,目前丁草胺对鱼类的生殖毒性研究集中于淡水种类,近海鱼类鲜有报道。本研究以分布于我国东南海域的近海经济鱼类褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)为受试对象,探讨丁草胺对海洋鱼类卵巢发育的影响及机制。褐菖鲉在以环境相关浓度(2、20、200 ng/L)的丁草胺暴露50 d后,褐菖鮋卵巢生殖细胞发育受到不同程度抑制,卵巢17β-雌二醇(E2)水平下降,Caspase-3活性上升。相对定量PCR分析结果显示,卵巢芳香化酶基因(CYP19s)及雌激素受体基因(ERβ)表达量下降。结果表明：丁草胺对褐菖鮋具有明显的生殖毒性,卵巢CYP19s基因与ERβ基因表达被抑制而导致卵巢雌激素水平的下降引起卵细胞在发育早期的细胞凋亡是主要原因。 相似文献
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本实验采用雄性褐菖鲉作为实验对象,腹腔注射0.5×10-6、1×10-6、5×10-6、10×10-6(m/m)苯并[a]芘,7d后苯并[a]芘处理组精巢睾酮水平和睾酮与17β-雌二醇的比值都有上升,但都未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05).腹腔注射50×10-6(m/m)苯并[a]芘,11d后取出精巢,常规石蜡切片,结果显示雄性褐菖鲉的精巢,精小叶腔和输出管中精子密集程度明显增加,次级精母细胞减少,精巢壁厚度变薄.结果提示,苯并[a]芘对褐菖鲉具有类雄激素效应. 相似文献
3.
鱼类生命早期对环境的依赖性和感受性大大高于其它生活阶段。但目前关于三丁基锡(tributyltin,TBT)对鱼类胚胎发育影响的研究还较少。本实验以海洋经济鱼类褐菖鲉(Sebastiscusmarmoratus)为对象,研究环境水平TBT(0.01、0.1、1和10ng/L)对其胚胎肌肉组织结构的影响。研究发现TBT暴露导致严重的躯干部损伤,表现为骨骼肌细胞排列紊乱以及呈现出纤维化现象。另外,TBT还引起胚胎躯干部凋亡的关键执行分子Caspase-3和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的增加,表明TBT诱导了躯干部细胞凋亡和影响了肌肉正常功能。TBT对鱼类胚胎肌肉组织的影响,可能影响鱼类的游泳能力,最终将导致鱼类种群数量减少。本文结果将为海洋环境政策的制定,为评估有机锡污染对海洋鱼类资源的影响提供重要的依据。 相似文献
4.
应用兔抗血清对抗鱼类和哺乳类促激素及其受体的多克隆抗体对雄性半滑舌鳎脑垂体和精巢进行了免疫组织化学定位.其结果显示GnRHR、LHR和GtH免疫活性定位在不同发育时期的腺垂体和精巢中.GtH免疫阳性细胞的数量和免疫强度随着精巢发育成熟而明显增强.同时还发现睾酮（T）和雄激素受体（AR）在半滑舌鳎精巢中的定位有别于其他鱼类,尤其是雄激素受体（AR）免疫活性在精原细胞中的数量很少.依据这个特点文中还讨论了其可能与精巢发育的关系,同时证明了半滑舌鳎精巢发育像其他硬骨鱼类一样受激素的调控. 相似文献
5.
大泷六线鱼主要分布在我国的黄海和渤海水域,是北部海区重要的经济鱼类之一。本文采用免疫组织化学方法和激素放射免疫测定技术,研究了血浆睾酮(T)和雌二醇(E2)含量、雄激素受体(AR)和雌激素受体(ER)在性腺组织中的定位,以及它们与性腺发育周期的关系。结果表明:雄鱼血浆T和E2含量表现明显的季节变动,在繁殖期(11月至翌年1月)内显著上升,T和E2水平分别达到21.26 ng/dL和13.36 pg/mL,在非生殖季节(2～8月)显著下降。ER在精巢间质细胞中表现强阳性反应,AR只在间质细胞中表现中等强度的反应。在恢复期发育的精巢(Ⅲ期),芳香化酶表现出强的免疫阳性反应,特别是在精原细胞和精母细胞中,在成熟精巢中阳性反应减弱,在精子细胞和精子中表现阴性反应。上述研究结果说明,睾酮、雌二醇及芳香化酶参与了大泷六线鱼精巢发育和繁殖内分泌功能调节。 相似文献
6.
硬骨鱼类雌激素受体及其在生殖调节中的作用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在脊椎动物中,雌激素的生理作用是通过雌激素受体(ER)介导的,这种转录因子属于类固醇激素核受体家族成员.从哺乳动物到硬骨鱼类,均存在2种ER类型,即ERα和ERβ.与高等脊椎动物不同的是,由于基因重复等原因,硬骨鱼类ERβ存在异型体结构,称为ERβ1和β2或者ERβ和γ,它们在鱼类胚胎发育和性腺发育过程中表现为不同的组织分布和表达类型.一般认为,雌激素主要调节雌性个体的生理功能.然而,鱼类的精巢也表现明显的雌激素受体活性,说明雌激素也参与调节硬骨鱼类精巢的生理功能. 相似文献
7.
17β-雌二醇促进鲻鱼性腺发育的作用机制:雌激素受体的定位 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
应用免疫组织化学技术对雌激素受体α和β亚型在鲻鱼性腺进行定位研究．结果显示．在早期卵巢．α与β受体蛋白均在早期初级卵母细胞的卵被膜、核膜和核仁表达．受体阳性物质沿胞膜分布．核显免疫阴性；在卵黄发生期，ER，α和β则在卵被膜、卵黄膜和核膜表达．在精巢，α与β受体蛋白在生精细管生殖被膜、精原细胞、初级和次级精母细胞、精子细胞、足细胞和间质细胞表达．受体免疫阳性物质沿细胞膜分布、这些结果表明．鲻鱼性腺(卵巢和精巢)存在雌激素α与β受体亚型，该受体在介导17β-雌二醇对性腺的生理效应中起重要作用、 相似文献
8.
雄性半滑舌鳎贮精囊形态结构与内分泌功能初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)是我国名贵海水养殖鱼类之一,其独特的生殖生物学特性受到国内外学者关注。本文以山东半岛养殖半滑舌鳎为对象,侧重研究贮精囊形态结构,以及雌激素受体(ER)和雄激素受体(AR)在不同精巢发育期贮精囊中的免疫组织化学定位。结果表明:精巢前端为贮精囊,其长度与生精部几乎等长,当精巢接近性成熟和性成熟时贮精囊非常饱满;贮精囊由结缔组织隔膜分割成小室,在生殖期间小室内有大量的成熟精子;AR和ER阳性反应部位主要发生在贮精囊小室间的结缔组织细胞和间质细胞内,在精巢重复发育期和排精后,贮精囊被膜和隔膜呈现强AR和ER阳性反应;精子形成期和成熟期,贮精囊被膜和隔膜呈弱AR和ER阳性反应。AR和ER可能介导半滑舌鳎贮精囊黏液、酶类、蛋白质合成与分泌作用。 相似文献
9.
为研究天然雌激素、环境拟雌激素和环境抗雌激素共存条件下的雌激素效应,分别以雌二醇(17β-estradiol, E2)、壬基酚(Nonylphenol, NP)和三丁基锡(Tributyltin, TBT)为代表,采用实时荧光定量PCR和相对定量分析法,测试并分析了3种污染物单独和不同组合联合暴露条件下成年雄性斑马鱼(Danio rerio)肝脏组织中雌激素响应基因vtg1、esr1、esr2a和esr2b mRNA的相对表达情况。结果显示:E2和NP的联合暴露,会显著诱导vtg1和esr1 mRNA的表达,且其相对表达量远高于两者单独暴露时的表达量之和。E2和TBT的联合暴露中,当TBT浓度较高(100 ng/L)而E2浓度较低(10 ng/L)时,TBT能够抑制E2对vtg1和esr1 mRNA表达的诱导作用。NP和TBT的联合暴露,会导致vtg1和esr1 mRNA的相对表达量远小于两者单独暴露时的表达量之和。而在E2、NP和TBT三者共同暴露中,当TBT浓度较高(100 ng/L),且E2和NP浓度较低(E2 10 ng/L, NP 25μg/L)时,TBT能抑制E2和NP对vtg1 mRNA表达的诱导作用。由此可见,不同类型环境雌激素共存条件下的联合效应与各组分的浓度配比有关,本研究结果为探索多种环境雌激素类污染物共存条件下的生物效应和生态风险提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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11.
Since the brain plays important roles in reproduction, the brain aromatase (Cyp19b), estrogen receptor (ER), retinoid X receptor (RXR) α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ were examined in rockfish after TBT exposure (1, 10, and 100 ng L−1). The results showed that the Cyp19b expression was elevated in the male rockfish, while no effect was produced in the females. Inconsistently, serum testosterone and 17β-estradiol showed no change in the males, while an increase of testosterone and a decrease of 17β-estradiol were observed in the females. TBT affected the ER expression in the males depending on the concentrations, however, no change was observed in the females. In addition, TBT elevated the RXRα expression in the males but produced an opposite effect in the females. In conclusion, TBT might have had sex-different effects on the brain Cyp19b, ER and RXR expression in rockfish, indicating a complex endocrine disrupting effect of TBT. 相似文献
12.
运用免疫组织化学和化学发光免疫分析方法研究了皱瘤海鞘(Styela plicata)神经递质多巴胺(DA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)及其受体以及性类固醇激素含量与性腺发育成熟的关系.结果显示,DA和5-HT免疫活性定位在脑神经节中大小2种类型的神经细胞,DA免疫活性还定位在不同发育时期神经腺上皮细胞.5-HT受体免疫活性存在于脑神经节小型神经细胞和大生长期神经腺上皮细胞.在小生长期和大生长期性腺中均检测到DA、5-HT及其受体,提示DA和5-HT可能参与调节皱瘤海鞘的性腺发育.皱瘤海鞘为雌雄同体,化学发光免疫分析证实,海鞘性腺能够合成和分泌性类固醇激素,大生长期性腺中雄激素、孕激素和雌激素的含量分别为25.8±0.0、38.9±0.2和14.3±0.6pg/mg,提示性腺既是生殖组织也是内分泌组织.上述发现为证明尾索类海鞘可能像头索类文昌鱼一样,具有原始的生殖内分泌调控轴(脑神经节-神经腺-性腺)提供科学依据. 相似文献
13.
生物胺对锯缘青蟹精巢发育的调控作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用活体注射和体外培养方法,以精巢指数、精巢生精小管的成熟节段比例和促雄腺B型细胞比例为量化指标,观察3种生物胺对雄性锯缘青蟹生殖神经内分泌的调控作用.活体注射实验表明:5-HT组锯缘青蟹精巢发育和促雄腺分泌活动具有显著的促进作用;DA组精巢发育受到抑制,但促雄腺细胞的分泌活动不受影响;OA组与同步对照组差异不显著.离体实验表明:5-HT刺激了脑和胸神经团的分泌活动,从而促进促雄腺分泌活动;OA和DA对脑和胸神经团分泌活动没有明显影响.视神经节的生殖内分泌活动几乎不受3种生物胺的影响.本实验首次报道了体外条件下生物胺对雄性甲壳动物生殖神经内分泌的调控作用,支持了5-HT首先刺激脑和胸神经团分泌GSH,再通过促雄腺活动从而促进精巢发育的观点. 相似文献
14.
Tributyltin and triphenyltin induce spermatogenesis in ovary of female abalone,Haliotis gigantea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Horiguchi T Kojima M Kaya M Matsuo T Shiraishi H Morita M Adachi Y 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):679-684
Two-month flow-through exposure experiments of tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPhT) were conducted with abalone, Haliotis gigantea. Nominal concentrations of 100 ng TBT/l and 100 ng TPhT/l caused significant spermatogenesis in ovaries of exposed females. There were also significantly more contracted primary oocytes observed in females exposed to either TBT or TPhT than controls. The incidence of two types of unknown cells was also significant in females exposed to TPhT. No significant histological changes were observed in testis of exposed males. This ovarian spermatogenesis caused by TBT and/or TPhT resembles gastropod imposex. Remarkably high concentrations of TBT and TPhT were observed in the head (including central nervous system ganglia), compared to muscles concentrations. Accumulation of TBT and TPhT in the head may disturb reproductive hormonal regulators through neuropeptides released from ganglia. This, as well as possible aromatase inhibition, may be one of the inducers for spermatogenesis in the abalone ovaries. 相似文献
15.
Tributyltin (TBT) is toxic to aquatic organisms and occurs widely in sediments and surface waters of American and European rivers and lakes. This study investigated TBT effects on development and population growth rate (r) of the common, hermaphroditic European freshwater snail Physa fontinalis. Egg ropes of similar age (1-3 days old) were exposed to a control (solvent only) and nominal concentrations of 0.01, 1.0 and 10 microg TBT l(-1) in triplicate. Hatching and mortality were recorded during 0-40 days of exposure. At day 40, 18 juveniles were randomly selected from each concentration (i.e., six from each test vessel) and individually exposed to the same concentration of TBT in 50 ml beakers. A cohort of 20 juveniles was allowed to continue developing in the original test vessels, so that individual and grouped results could be compared. Mortality and reproduction were recorded at 48-h intervals throughout the study period (110 days). Abnormal embryonic development was observed at 1 and 10 microg TBT l(-1). Although 50% of eggs hatched at 10 microg TBT l(-1), all these hatchlings failed to survive. Survivorship of hatchlings was significantly reduced by TBT at 1 microgl(-1). In general, there was a delay in egg production in isolated snails when compared with the grouped snails. Survival, fecundity and population growth rate (r) were reduced in both individual and grouped P. fontinalis at 1.0 microg TBT l(-1). Only a decline in r was observed in snails exposed individually to 0.01 microg TBT l(-1). 相似文献
16.
This study assesses the relative importance of water and sediments as vectors of TBT uptake in the sediment-dwelling suspension feeder, Ruditapes decussatus. Accumulation of TBT was determined in R. decussatus exposed for 60 days to moderately high but environmentally realistic levels of TBT in water (100 ng Snl(-1)) and sediments (0.8 microg Sn g(-1) dw), separately or in combination, using constant-flow systems. The results indicate that this species accumulates TBT predominantly from water. Although some accumulation from sediments does occur, the processing of large amounts of water needed to sustain the filter-feeding habits of this species is a prime determinant of TBT uptake. The route of exposures reflected in tissue distributions of TBT in R. decussatus. However, gills are the most important site for accumulation of TBT from water, irrespective of whether contaminated sediments are present or not. 相似文献
17.
David A Dagnino S Pichot Y Munaron D Escande A Casellas C Fenet H Gomez E 《Marine environmental research》2008,66(1):105-107
In vitro bioassays would facilitate monitoring of estrogen-like compounds in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) since they tend to accumulate lipophilic compounds in their fat and muscle tissue. However, estradiol (E2) steroid (already identified in mussels) could induce false positive responses. This study focuses on temporal variability in estrogenic responses of mussel extracts and the possible relation of this response with E2 levels. The reproductive cycle and growth were thus monitored for six months in sexed mussels. E2 levels were similar between genders and these levels varied with reproductive stages. human estrogen receptor (hER) activities were similar at all stages except in February. E2 present in male and female extracts accounted for part of the hER activation observed, but no correlation was found between E2 levels and hER activities. 相似文献
18.
The mechanisms by which TBT produces modulations of the endocrine systems are not fully described. In this study, juvenile salmon were force-fed diet containing TBT (0: solvent control, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg fish) for 72 h. Subsequently, fish exposed to solvent control and 10 mg/kg TBT were exposed to waterborne concentration of the adenyl cyclase stimulator forskolin (200 μg/L) for 2 and 4 h. Tissue and blood were sampled from individual fish (n = 6). Gene expression patterns of CYP11β, steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1), and glucocorticoid receptor (GlucR) were determined by qPCR. TBT generally decreased mRNA levels of CYP11β, GlucR and SF-1, compared to the solvent control and these effects were differentially modulated by the presence of forskolin. This study suggests that TBT may exert broader endocrine disrupting effects through possible modulation of cAMP/PKA second messenger systems. 相似文献
19.
Tributyltin (TBT) has been widely employed in marine anti-fouling paints as a biocide, although it represents a serious risk, particularly in estuarine and coastal water/sediment ecosystems. In this study, the embryotoxic effects of TBT and its degradation products, dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT), were analyzed during the development of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus from post-fertilization to the pluteus stage, to better clarify ecotoxicological impact. The embryotoxicity of butyltins is concentration-dependent and increases proportionally with number of butyl groups. Significant growth reduction was observed at TBT concentrations as low as 0.01 microgram l-1; 1 microgram l-1 was the maximum concentration allowing embryos to reach the pluteus stage at 48 h post-fertilization. Development was blocked at the morula or blastula stage with higher TBT concentrations. DBT and MBT are less toxic: slowed development and a decrease in pluteus size occurred at 10 micrograms l-1 DBT and 0.5 mg l-1 MBT. Effects on both skeletal deposition and blocked embryonic development are suggested to be due to the interference of organotin compounds with intracellular calcium homeostasis. 相似文献
20.
Bifenthrin(BF) is a pyrethroid insecticide that is widely used in agriculture, horticulture, and for residential purposes. However, few studies addressing the reproductive toxicity of BF on fishes are available. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of BF on testicular development in Sebastiscus marmoratus and to gain insight into its mechanism. After exposure to 1, 10 and 100 ng/L BF for 50 days, there was a reduced number of mature sperm and an abundance of the late stages of spermatocysts in the testes. The levels of 17β-estradiol and testosterone were decreased significantly after BF exposure. The activity of caspase-3 was increased in a dosedependent manner after BF exposure, TUNEL assay indicated that BF exposure resulted in the occurrence of apoptosis in the testes, which might be main reason for the inhibition of spermatogenesis. 相似文献