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1.
内蒙古胜利煤田共生锗矿的成因地球化学初探 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
用统计和作图的分析方法,对内蒙古胜利煤田中共生锗矿床的锗品位与挥发分、灰分、硫分的关系进行了研究。结果表明煤中锗品位与挥发分呈正相关、与原煤灰分负相关、与洗煤灰分正相关关系;全区煤属中硫煤,锗品位与原煤和洗煤硫分均呈正相关关系,煤的灰分指数较低(3 579);锗分布不均匀,富锗煤矿明显属于断裂坳陷边缘沉积,锗品位可以在煤层的顶部、中部、底部同时或单个部位呈现高值,大多数煤层中部出现锗高品位值,这有别于以往所报道的锗品位只在煤层顶、底部相对富集的研究结论。认为胜利煤田锗主要与有机质结合;锗的有利聚集条件是水动力较弱、地下水位较低、强还原的停滞沼泽环境;泥炭聚集阶段有机质的吸附作用是锗的主要富集机制。 相似文献
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淮北矿区芦岭煤矿主采煤层8煤为特厚煤层,厚度2．72-17．75m,平均厚度9．60m,煤层硬度系数厂为0．16-0．53,构造煤累计厚度约占全层厚度的65％-90％。剖面自上而下划分为碎裂煤、菱形包裹体煤、片状煤、鳞片煤和粉末状煤5种类型,构造类型煤相间分布。微观上网络状裂隙发育．密集的网络状裂隙交叉切割．显微组分破坏严重．煤层受构造作用影响越大,构造煤中的微孔所占比例也就越高。在平面上构造煤的发育可划分为东、中、西三部分,井田东部构造煤较发育,厚度占全层厚度的75％-80％;中部构造煤最发育,厚度占全层厚度的95％以上;井田西部构造煤所占比例相对较低,约占全层厚度的65％-70％。采区资料表明,在倾向上,随着煤层深度的增加,构造煤厚度占金层厚度比例呈上升趋势．-450--460m水平以下,构造煤层所占比例明显增高,约占95％以上。 相似文献
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C. R. Fielding 《Geological Journal》1986,21(1):45-57
A pronounced coal seam split, one of many within the Lower Westphalian B (Upper Carboniferous) sequence of the Durham coalfield, northeast England, occurs in the vicinity of the village of Burnhope. This feature involves the division of the combined Main/Fivequarter coal into its two component parts, which become separated by up to 8 m of clastic sedimentary rocks over a horizontal distance of 150 m. Three-dimensional outcrop data from an opencast (surface) coal mine straddling the split, supported by extensive subsurface information, have allowed detailed study of the seam split geometry, in addition to that of three overlying coal seams and intervening clastic facies. The study suggests that deposition of the interval as a whole, including the split, was strongly influenced by compaction-controlled subsidence, and not by either contemporary fault movements or channel sedimentation. A substantially greater aggregate thickness of coal is preserved over the five seam interval where the Main/Fivequarter is unsplit than where split. This relationship is consistent with the coal depositional model proposed by Fielding (1984a), which proposed that thick coals in the Durham area are located adjacent to, but not within, coal seam splits. It further implies that attractive sites for future opencast development in the area may be predicted from a regional knowledge of coal seam splits. 相似文献
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《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2014,55(11):1306-1315
We present new original data on the geochemistry of scandium in the coals of Asian Russia, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan. In general, the studied coals are enriched in Sc as compared with the average coals worldwide. Coal deposits with abnormally high, up to commercial, Sc contents were detected in different parts of the study area. The factors for the accumulation of Sc in coals have been identified. The Sc contents of the coals depend on the petrologic composition of coal basins (composition of rocks in their framing) and the facies conditions of coal accumulation. We have established the redistribution and partial removal of Sc from a coal seam during coal metamorphism. The distribution of Sc in deposits and coal seams indicates the predominantly hydrogenic mechanism of its anomalous concentration in coals and peats. The accumulation of Sc in the coals and peats is attributed to its leaching out of the coal-bearing rocks and redeposition in a coal (peat) layer with groundwater and underground water enriched in organic acids. The enrichment of coals with Sc requires conditions for the formation of Sc-enriched coal-bearing rocks and conditions for its leaching and transport to the coal seam. Such conditions can be found in the present-day peatland systems of West Siberia and, probably, in ancient basins of peat (coal) accumulation. 相似文献
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黔西县官寨井田煤层气地质特征及开发地质评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
官寨井田位于贵州省黔西县南部,含丰富的煤炭资源。为查明井田内煤层气分布特征和开发潜力,从构造、围岩、煤层埋深、水文地质等方面分析了煤层气赋存地质条件及煤赋层特征,认为井田内主要煤层4、9号煤均为无烟三号煤,煤层厚度大（主要煤层总厚度为13.20～21.30m）,煤层气含量大,4号煤为9.08～24.30m^3/t,9号煤为14.95～24.90m^3/t,煤层顶底板岩性渗透率低,透气性弱,有利于煤层气富集。井的中北部煤层气赋存条件好,含气量在13m^3/t以上,最高可达24.9m/t,是今后煤层气开发的首选地段。区内煤层气总资源量丰富,煤层埋藏适中,地理位置有一定区位优势,交通便利,煤层气的开发利用将会取得较好的社会和经济效益。 相似文献
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恩洪矿区是云南省重要产煤基地,晚古生界的上二叠统宣威组是主要含煤岩系,其煤层镜质组含量较高,变质程度中等,蕴藏着丰富的煤层气资源。综合研究表明：该区煤层气富集的控制因素主要为煤层厚度、煤岩组分、煤级、吸附性能和良好的保存条件。 相似文献
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古交邢家社勘探区煤中镓的分布及其地质影响因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
依据煤炭资源勘探资料,探讨了山西古交矿区邢家社勘探区石炭-二叠系煤中镓的分布状况及其地质影响因素。结果显示:研究区煤中镓的加权平均质量分数为15.87×10-6,比全球平均值要高0.5~3倍;煤层层位降低,镓含量呈明显的递减趋势。同时,煤中镓含量与灰分产率、灰分组成、硫含量及煤层厚度之间也有明显的相关关系。这些特征表明,区内煤中镓的矿物载体主要为粘土矿物,水动力较强和还原性较弱的泥炭沼泽条件可能有利于镓在煤中富集,且成煤期地壳的稳定程度也可通过一定方式影响到煤中镓的富集。 相似文献
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陕西渭北石炭-二叠纪煤田澄合矿区4号煤层是区内主要可采煤层之一。通过对区内煤层厚度与其上覆煤系厚度、煤中灰分、硫分及煤层顶板岩性-岩相等因素的相关性分析,结合4号煤层成煤期与聚煤期后环境分析,探讨了研究区及其周缘地区4号煤层厚度变化原因。结果显示:4号煤层厚度与上覆煤系厚度、煤中灰分及硫分均呈正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.810 1、0.430 9、0.813 6;该煤层发育于浅水型三角洲沉积体系的三角洲平原地带;煤层厚度变化受控于聚煤期同沉积构造和聚煤期后河流冲蚀作用的双重影响,前者使煤层厚度变化较小,后者对煤层厚度影响较大,甚至出现无煤带。 相似文献
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Microlithotype composition of a coal sample is often summarized by examining a large number (~500) of subsamples of a grain mount and estimating proportions of vitrite, intermediates, and inertite, where, for samples we have investigated, the proportion of intermediates is generally less than 0.4. This suggests that most subsamples are either greater than 95% vitrinite or greater than 95% inertinite, so that the statistical distribution of vitrinite has most of its weight in its tails. Two distributions which may have this shape are the beta and the logistic normal, and these have been fitted to the microlithotype distribution of some coal samples. Parameters of these fitted distributions are related to the proportion of vitrinite in the sample and thickness of microscopic bands in the coal. For coals in the Sydney Basin, at least, it was found that the parameter relating to band thickness is approximately constant over a coal seam; therefore, fitting one or other of these distributions to such data leads to directly interpretable parameters. 相似文献
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The No. 1 and No. 2 coal seams from the Permian Vryheid Formation in the east Witbank Coalfield, South Africa are described with respect to their distribution, thickness and quality. These two coal seams accumulated in a postglacial climatic environment and peat accumulation was closely associated with and influenced by deposition in a braided river system. The fluvial channels that were syndepositional with peat accumulation have resulted in thinning of coal below and above channel axes and pinch-out of coal adjacent to channel margins. Low-ash coal originated from peat which accumulated in areas away from the influence of clastic sedimentation. In contrast, higher-ash coals are situated adjacent and parallel to channel margins where interbedded channel sand and silt contaminated the peat.The lower No. 1 seam peat originated under near-optimum conditions in a lacustrine swamp which blanketed an underlying platform of glaciofluvial braided river sediment. This peat swamp was not subjected to syndepositional clastic contamination and as a result is of superior quality (lower ash/higher calorific value and volatile matter) than the overlying No. 2 coal seam. The No. 2 seam is split by a clastic parting produced by a braided fluvial channel which transected the swamp midway through peat accumulation. This fluvial clastic parting deleteriously affected coal thickness and quality.A comparison of the Gondwanan Permian peat-forming conditions with those from Carboniferous northern hemisphere counterparts suggests that the differences in coal characteristics between these two regions are probably related to different palaeoclimatic conditions and basin tectonics. Cool-temperate climatic conditions which prevailed over the Permian peat swamps resulted in less species diversification of vegetation at these high-latitude settings than the diverse floral assemblages of the Carboniferous swamps. A stable intracronic basin platform caused lateral dispersion of sedimentary facies rather than the stacking of vertical facies which occurred in rapidly subsiding depositories. Partial exposure of the Permian peat swamps during peat accumulation may account for the relatively higher inertinite content of the coals. 相似文献
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从煤岩煤质、含气性、吸附特征、裂隙发育及渗透性等方面对湘中下石炭统测水组煤层气储层(煤储层)特性进行论述。研究表明煤储层为明显的富镜质组煤,随温度、压力的增加吸附量增大。区内煤层最大含气量为41.91m3/t,以新化芦毛江至金竹山一带为中心,包括芦毛江、冷水江、渣渡、金竹山等矿区,高富集区基本呈东西向展布。但受煤阶的影响,煤层内生裂隙发育程度明显低于龙潭组煤层,同时由于煤层煤体结构连通性差以及多起构造运动形成细小的煤粉常充填于构造裂隙中,降低了煤层的渗透性。针对上述煤储层特点,指出加强对具有上封下开裂隙系统以及原生结构煤和碎裂煤整层发育地区的煤层气勘探尤为重要。 相似文献
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为研究沁水盆地东北部煤层气成藏特征与产出控制因素,基于寺家庄区块煤层气勘探和生产资料,从地质构造、煤厚与煤层结构、埋深和水文地质特征等方面研究了煤层含气性影响因素,并结合压裂排采工艺和煤体结构等因素探讨了煤层气井产能控制因素。结果表明:(1) 研究区煤储层含气性受构造影响较大,在褶皱的轴部及旁侧构造挤压带,多呈现出高含气量,尤其是向斜轴部。在陷落柱和水文地质条件叠加作用下,15号煤层含气量整体较8、9号煤层低,且8、9号煤层含气饱和度也整体高于15号煤层。(2) 8、9和15号煤层含气性均表现出随煤层埋深增加而增大的趋势,但随埋深增加,构造应力和地温场的作用逐渐增强,存在含气量随埋深变化的“临界深度”(700 m左右)。煤层含气性也表现出随煤层厚度增加而增大的趋势,煤层结构越简单,煤层含气性越好。(3) 研究区中部的NNE?NE向褶皱与EW向构造叠加地区,因较大的构造曲率和相对松弛的区域地应力,具备较好渗透率条件和含气性,故成为煤层气高产区。(4) 发育多煤层地区采用分压合采技术可以有效增加产气量,多煤层可以提供煤层气井高产能的充足气源,且多个层位的同时排水降压可使不同煤储层气体产出达到产能叠加,实现长期稳产,含气性较好及游离气可能存在的区域可出现长期持续高产井。 相似文献
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以淮南煤田深部A 组煤为研究对象,全层刻槽采集了煤、夹矸和顶底板岩石样品,采用电感耦合等离子质谱仪
（ICP-MS） 测试分析了样品中13 种有害微量元素的含量,对比研究了其分布特征,结合Tessier 五步形态提取法和相关性分
析探讨了煤中有害微量元素的赋存形态。结果表明：（1） 与中国上陆壳中各种微量元素含量均值相比,淮南深部A 组煤中
B,As,Se,Mo,Cd,Pb,Hg 的富集系数均大于1,在A 组煤中表现为富集;A 组煤中B,As,Se,Cd 的含量均高于淮南煤
田上部B 组煤、华北煤以及中国煤中的含量均值;（2） 相关性分析和逐级提取实验结果表明,A 组煤中微量元素主要以残
渣态和铁锰氧化物结合态存在,两者质量分数之和达到55%~98%,其中Ni,Mo,Cd,Hg,Cu,Pb 和Zn 主要赋存于硫化物
矿物中,Mn 主要赋存于碳酸盐矿物中,V,Cr,Se,B 和As 主要赋存于硅铝酸盐等黏土矿物中。（3） B 元素示踪物源及沉
积环境结果显示,淮南煤田深部A 组煤成煤环境为海相咸水沉积环境,稳定的咸水沉积环境以及受海水影响等因素导致A
组煤中微量元素出现不同程度的富集。 相似文献
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木里煤田是青海省重要的煤产地,煤类以炼焦用煤为主。聚乎更矿区四井田位于木里煤田的最西端,经详查、勘探提交煤炭资源量2.5亿t,煤类为气煤、1/3焦煤、焦煤、1/2中粘煤、弱粘、瘦煤、贫瘦煤、贫煤、不粘煤。通过对下2煤层物理性质、化学性质、煤岩特征及煤类的统计分析,认为区内同一煤层的变质程度随含煤地层和上覆岩系的总厚度增大而增高,在垂向上随煤层层位的降低而增高;四井田总体构造形态为倾向南西的单斜构造,其煤类分布总体表现北东到南西沿煤层倾向变质程度逐渐增高,沿煤层走向呈带状分布,但在井田边界断层附近煤的变质程度要比其它地段相同深度煤层的变质程度稍高;四井田煤的变质作用类型主要为深成变质作用,部分地段受动力变质作用影响。 相似文献
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煤中微量元素Sr和Ba的分布和赋存模式对研究煤层成煤古环境和煤炭的洁净利用有重要的意义。通过对横山5个矿区24个主采煤层煤样的工业分析、元素分析、矿物组成分析,采用相关性分析和逐级化学提取实验,研究该主采煤层中Sr和Ba的分布和赋存模式。研究发现,区内超过75%煤样属于特低灰煤;约96%的煤样全硫质量分数超过1%;主要的矿物成分为高岭石、黄铁矿和方解石。超过总分析煤样75%的样品中Sr和Ba富集,且在水平方向上Sr和Ba含量北部较南部更高。煤中Sr和Ba主要负载在天青石、重晶石、菱锶矿、碳酸钡矿、方解石和文石等矿物中。煤中Sr和Ba富集的主要原因是煤层中含有负载这两种元素的矿物。 相似文献
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官寨井田位于贵州省黔西县西南部,已查明井田内9号煤层矿产资源量6 405万t,潜在矿产资源量1 278万t;9号煤为中—细条带状结构,似金属光泽,参差状断口,内、外生裂隙较发育,属中等可磨煤;宏观煤岩类型为半暗—半亮型,显微煤岩类型为微镜惰煤;煤质为中高灰分、特低挥发份、中高固定碳、中高硫、特低磷、中热值、高稳定性的三号无烟煤,可作动力煤和民用燃煤使用。 相似文献
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The present paper deals in detail with the coal typology, rank and correlation of some Indian coal seams. Petrological evaluation of several known coal seams reveals that there are two main seams, the King (lower) seam and Queen (upper) seam, with distinctly different characteristics. All the other seams, locally known by different names elsewhere in the field, are correlatable with either the King or Queen seams.The coals are of inferior quality because of the predominance of mixed coals types associated with dispersed mineral matter. However, some seams show characteristics which are amenable to quality improvement with suitable preparation methods. The coals appear to have been formed rapidly in a fluctuating environment (aerobic to anaerobic) under relatively cold to gradually warming conditions. 相似文献
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智能开采对于地质条件的不适应问题非常突出,特别是对煤层起伏和厚度的绝对精度提出了更高的要求。三维地震勘探横向分辨率高,能够对煤层起伏进行控制,但在地震解释时,煤层底板高程受时深转换计算影响,存在一定的误差。针对这一问题,以工作面三维地震数据和采掘过程中探煤厚数据为基础,通过不断更新速度场提高煤层底板时深转换绝对精度;同时利用迭代插值算法,不断更新工作面煤层厚度;通过对计算得到的数据进行误差统计和分析。在TJH304回采工作面进行试验,利用工作面巷道和切眼探煤厚数据并结合三维地震资料动态解释后,工作面推采前方煤层底板高程值和厚度值绝对误差变小;特别是距离当前采煤面30 m以内的4个验证点煤层底板高程值误差范围为0.37~0.58 m,煤层厚度值误差为0.32~0.44 m。结果表明,三维地震动态解释技术可最大化将三维地震和井下生产数据有效结合,不断提高煤层空间精度,为智能开采提供预想煤层模型。 相似文献