共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
本文基于非结构网格实现了海洋可控源电磁法三维有限元正演模拟.该算法采用完全非结构网格剖分,可以模拟任意起伏地形和复杂地电模型.为了避免场源的奇异性,采用一次场/二次场分解算法,一次场由基于Schelkunoff势函数的一维解析公式得到.为了提高算法的精度和效率,采用对测点附近单元和异常体区域进行体积约束加密的方法,实现了非结构网格的局部加密.一、二维模型计算和分析表明,本文采用的局部加密方法能够明显地改善算法的精度,最大相对误差基本在1%以内.对三维模型计算及对比分析,说明了该算法对三维可控源电磁正演的实用性.复杂海底地形模型的正演模拟表明,海底地形对电磁场的影响很大,在进行海洋可控源电磁资料解释时,地形的影响有必要考虑在内. 相似文献
2.
总结了目前常用的结构化网格及其局限性,分析了非结构化网格对复杂地质体边界的适应性和Delaunay三角化算法及其网格加密策略,提出了一种新的局部节点加密方法,实现了对复杂模型的完全非结构化四面体全自动剖分,给出了三维直流电阻率模拟中四面体网格的质量评价标准和最优指标.计算和分析表明,数值解在点电流源及附近的奇异区精度最低,网格加密策略可以有效地减少其影响,极大地提高数值解的精度.本文提出的局部节点加密策略计算量最小,对精度的改善也优于经典方法.在精度要求苛刻或模型十分复杂时,局部体积加密策略和二次单元是高精度模拟的可靠保证. 相似文献
3.
This study investigates the circulation on the French Guiana continental shelf under tidal influence. Indeed, hydrodynamics are characterised by a weak salinity tongue located in the middle of the shelf and induced by the Amazon River, a coastal current flowing from the southeast, and a tidal standing wave whose co-range lines are parallel to the coast. 相似文献
4.
各向异性介质模型电性结构复杂,如何进行合理的网格剖分成为获得高精度正演结果的关键,为此本文开展时间域航空电磁各向异性大地三维自适应有限元正演算法研究.通过结合非结构时间域有限元算法和自适应网格优化技术,实现各向异性介质条件下三维时间域航空电磁自适应正演.考虑到时间域航空电磁响应随时间的衰减特性,为了综合评价不同时刻的后验误差,本文将时间作为加权因子,调整各个时刻后验误差的相对权重,进而实现对浅部和深部网格的同步优化.通过与一维解析结果进行对比验证了本文算法的可靠性.数值实验结果显示电导率各向异性对自适应网格影响严重,其最大主轴电导率的数值及其分布特征直接决定了网格加密效果.此外,各向异性对时间域航空电磁三分量响应的分布形态和异常幅值也会产生严重影响,利用全域视电阻率极性图,可以很好地识别各向异性主轴方向. 相似文献
5.
L.K. Coachman 《Continental Shelf Research》1982,1(1):1-14
The broad (～500 km) southeastern Bering Sea continental shelf contains three fronts; outer (shelf break, ～170-m depth), middle (～100-m depth), and inner (～50-m depth). The shelf break and inner fronts appear to be analogous to similar fronts reported from other mid-latitude continental shelves; extensively studied examples are from the mid-Atlantic bight, off Nova Scotia, and around the British Isles. The middle front may have counterparts on the broad North Sea and East China Sea shelves.One-month current and temperature records from either side of the middle front, ～150 km landward from the shelf break, showed convergence in the layers deeper than 30 m in both the cross-shelf flow field and heat flux. The convergence was ～3 cm s?1, so an average upwelling at ～1 × 10?3cm s?1 and divergence in the surface layer were required to maintain continuity. Variations in the degree of convergence arose primarily from 1 to 5-day fluctuations in sub-tidal flow across the outer shelf domain seaward of the front.Diffusive landward heat flux was dominated by tidal scales. Horizontal eddy conductivities describing the flux were ～1 ? 106 on the landward side and ～5 × 106cm2 s?1 on the seaward side, and were less in the layers above the bottom layer. Advective flux by the mean flow was the same order as diffusive flux, but landward in the bottom layer and seaward in the mid-water column layers, in agreement with deductions from water mass analyses. Frontal effects reduced the net cross-shelf heat flux beneath ～30 m by about 50%. The observation of a flow convergence in the middle of a broad, flat continental shelf poses an important question of dynamics. 相似文献
6.
The finite element method is widely employed in numerical analysis of seismic liquefaction at present. However, due to the mesh distortion in strong dynamic action, the results are generally inaccurate and can even stop the calculation. Therefore, an adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) scheme is introduced to improve the numerical results based on a finite element and finite difference coupled dynamic method (FEM–FDM). The changing law about the errors due to the linear and the bilinear recovered fields of coarse meshes, AMR meshes and fine meshes is discussed. The seismic response on soil is compared between different AMR meshes. The AMR strategy can better simulate seismic liquefaction and offer more accurate results than the normal finite element simulation. 相似文献
7.
The effect of mesh type on the accuracy and computational demands of a two-dimensional Godunov-type flood inundation model is critically examined. Cartesian grids, constrained and unconstrained triangular grids, constrained quadrilateral grids, and mixed meshes are considered, with and without local time stepping (LTS), to determine the approach that maximizes computational efficiency defined as accuracy relative to computational effort. A mixed-mesh numerical scheme is introduced so all grids are processed by the same solver. Analysis focuses on a wide range of dam-break type test cases, where Godunov-type flood models have proven very successful. Results show that different mesh types excel under different circumstances. Cartesian grids are 2–3 times more efficient with relatively simple terrain features such as rectilinear channels that call for a uniform grid resolution, while unstructured grids are about twice as efficient in complex domains with irregular terrain features that call for localized refinements. The superior efficiency of locally refined, unstructured grids in complex terrain is attributable to LTS; the locally refined unstructured grid becomes less efficient using global time stepping. These results point to mesh-type tradeoffs that should be considered in flood modeling applications. A mixed mesh model formulation with LTS is recommended as a general purpose solver because the mesh type can be adapted to maximize computational efficiency. 相似文献
8.
Tidal ice drift is regarded as an element of the 3D tidal dynamics on the Siberian continental shelf. Two cases are considered: (1) when sea ice is immobile (in a horizontal plane), so that ice-induced changes of tidal characteristics may be treated as if they are limiting, and (2) when sea ice is moveable and internal stresses in the ice cover are described by a viscous-elastic rheology. It is shown that sea ice does not lead to radical changes of the tidal and energetic regimes, although their quantitative changes may be quite significant. In general, the ice-induced influence on the tidal dynamics is less than that on the tidal energetics. Therefore, the commonly accepted assumption that this influence may be viewed as being negligible is justified only partially. We present model results for tidal ice drift parameters—its magnitude, direction, the amplitude of tidal variations of ice concentration and the pressure of ice compression—as well as for ice-induced changes of tidal characteristics and the residual tidal ice drift. Partial attention is given to revealing the zones of ice compression–rarefaction, that is of importance in Arctic navigation. 相似文献
9.
In this paper, we present the development and application of a two-dimensional, automatic unstructured mesh generator for shallow water models called Admesh. Starting with only target minimum and maximum element sizes and points defining the boundary and bathymetry/ topography of the domain, the goal of the mesh generator is to automatically produce a high-quality mesh from this minimal set of input. From the geometry provided, properties such as local features, curvature of the boundary, bathymetric/topographic gradients, and approximate flow characteristics can be extracted, which are then used to determine local element sizes. The result is a high-quality mesh, with the correct amount of refinement where it is needed to resolve all the geometry and flow characteristics of the domain. Techniques incorporated include the use of the so-called signed distance function, which is used to determine critical geometric properties, the approximation of piecewise linear coastline data by smooth cubic splines, a so-called mesh function used to determine element sizes and control the size ratio of neighboring elements, and a spring-based force equilibrium approach used to improve the element quality of an initial mesh obtained from a simple Delaunay triangulation. Several meshes of shallow water domains created by the new mesh generator are presented.
相似文献10.
本文将面向目标的自适应算法应用于三维大地电磁数值模拟.使用基于非结构网格的矢量有限单元法对起伏地表大地电磁正演模拟问题进行求解.使用利用垂向电流密度在物性界面上的连续性对后验误差进行估算的算法指导网格优化.由于全局自适应算法针对观测点优化网格的能力较差,本文通过求解正演问题的对偶问题计算后验误差的加权系数,并对相关加权系数进行改进,从而实现了面向目标的自适应算法.与传统基于结构化网格的电磁正演算法相比,采用非结构网格能够更好地拟合起伏地表和地下不规则异常体.由于使用了面向目标的自适应算法,本文能够使用更少的网格达到较高的计算精度.通过对比本文模拟结果与半空间响应和全局自适应算法计算结果,并通过对比使用改进前和改进后加权系数得到的网格剖分结果验证了本文算法的有效性. 相似文献
11.
MAST-2D diffusive model for flood prediction on domains with triangular Delaunay unstructured meshes
A new methodology for the solution of the 2D diffusive shallow water equations over Delaunay unstructured triangular meshes is presented. Before developing the new algorithm, the following question is addressed: it is worth developing and using a simplified shallow water model, when well established algorithms for the solution of the complete one do exist?The governing Partial Differential Equations are discretized using a procedure similar to the linear conforming Finite Element Galerkin scheme, with a different flux formulation and a special flux treatment that requires Delaunay triangulation but entire solution monotonicity. A simple mesh adjustment is suggested, that attains the Delaunay condition for all the triangle sides without changing the original nodes location and also maintains the internal boundaries. The original governing system is solved applying a fractional time step procedure, that solves consecutively a convective prediction system and a diffusive correction system. The non linear components of the problem are concentrated in the prediction step, while the correction step leads to the solution of a linear system of the order of the number of computational cells. A semi-analytical procedure is applied for the solution of the prediction step. The discretized formulation of the governing equations allows to handle also wetting and drying processes without any additional specific treatment. Local energy dissipations, mainly the effect of vertical walls and hydraulic jumps, can be easily included in the model.Several numerical experiments have been carried out in order to test (1) the stability of the proposed model with regard to the size of the Courant number and to the mesh irregularity, (2) its computational performance, (3) the convergence order by means of mesh refinement. The model results are also compared with the results obtained by a fully dynamic model. Finally, the application to a real field case with a Venturi channel is presented. 相似文献
12.
The response of a barotropic coastal ocean on a step-shaped continental shelf to a traveling sinusoidal wind stress forcing is predicted theoretically using a frictional force proportional to the alongshore current velocity. This theory is compared to a small set of observations from the northeast coast of Australia where a sudden widening of the continental shelf provides a geographical origin. The comparison is accomplished by means of frequency response functions relating alongshore wind stress with alongshore velocity. Amplitudes of the response functions are predicted to increase with alongshore distance equatorward and also to decrease with frequency at any location. These predictions are verified by the measurements. Predicted phase lags are generally less than about 30°, with observations agreeing with theory to within about 20°C. In general, the measurements provide reasonable evidence to support the theory of wind-forced continental shelf waves from a geographical origin. 相似文献
13.
Silvia Maßmann 《Ocean Dynamics》2010,60(6):1463-1477
Unstructured mesh models can resolve the model domain with a variable and very fine mesh resolution. Nevertheless, tuning
the model setup is still required (for example because of parametrized sub-grid processes). Adjoint models are commonly used
to calculate sensitivities of ocean models and optimize their parameters so that better agreement is achieved between model
simulations and observations. One major obstacle in developing an adjoint model is the need to update the reverse code after
each modification of the forward code, which is not always straightforward. Automatic differentiation is a tool to generate
the adjoint model code without user input. So far this method has mainly been used for structured mesh ocean models. We present
here an unstructured mesh, adjoint, tidal model using this technique, and discuss the sensitivities of the misfit between
simulated and observed elevations with respect to open boundary values, the bottom friction coefficient and the bottom topography.
The forward model simulates tides on the European Continental Shelf and we show that the tidal model dynamics in the adjoint
simulations can be used to define regions, where parameters or mesh has to be optimized. We analyze the dependence of the
sensitivities on the wave type and mesh resolution to specify whether the model misfit originates from physical or numerical
model deficiencies. In the sensitivity patterns, it is possible to identify islands not resolved in the mesh. We propose to
refine the mesh prior to the parameter optimization. 相似文献
14.
A theoretical model for the intrusion of the Kuroshio across the continental shelf of East China Sea
Here we use a two-layer model to study the dynamics of the intrusion of the Kuroshio onto the continental shelf. Results show that the interaction of the Kuroshio water and shelf water produces a stable upwelling zone above 100 m depth northeast of Taiwan, which provides a dynamical explanation to the presence of the cold core previously observed by satellite. The affected shelf water from the interaction has an onshore portion, which turns right and becomes a northward alongshore flow when it moves closer to shore. This implies that the Kuroshio water cannot penetrate deep onto the inner part of the continental shelf, but it generates a strong northward jet that is formed mainly by the shelf water. 相似文献
15.
In this paper, we present the development and application of a two-dimensional, automatic unstructured mesh generator for shallow water models called Admesh. Starting with only target minimum and maximum element sizes and points defining the boundary and bathymetry/ topography of the domain, the goal of the mesh generator is to automatically produce a high-quality mesh from this minimal set of input. From the geometry provided, properties such as local features, curvature of the boundary, bathymetric/topographic gradients, and approximate flow characteristics can be extracted, which are then used to determine local element sizes. The result is a high-quality mesh, with the correct amount of refinement where it is needed to resolve all the geometry and flow characteristics of the domain. Techniques incorporated include the use of the so-called signed distance function, which is used to determine critical geometric properties, the approximation of piecewise linear coastline data by smooth cubic splines, a so-called mesh function used to determine element sizes and control the size ratio of neighboring elements, and a spring-based force equilibrium approach used to improve the element quality of an initial mesh obtained from a simple Delaunay triangulation. Several meshes of shallow water domains created by the new mesh generator are presented. 相似文献
16.
17.
Observations of semidiurnal internal tidal currents from three moorings deployed on the continental shelf off central Chile during summer and winter of 2005 are reported. The spectra of the baroclinic currents showed large peaks at the semidiurnal band with a dominant counterclockwise rotation, which was consistent with internal wave activity. The amplitude of the barotropic tidal currents varied according to the spring–neap cycle following the sea level fluctuations. In contrast, the amplitudes of the internal tide showed high spatial-temporal variability not directly related to the spring–neap modulation. Near the middle of the continental shelf and near the coast (San Vicente Bay) the variance of the semidiurnal baroclinic current is larger than the variance of its barotropic counterpart. The vertical structure of the baroclinic tidal current fluctuations was similar to the structure of the first baroclinic internal wave mode. In general, in the three study sites the variance of the baroclinic current was larger near the surface and bottom and tended to show a minimum value at mid depths. Kinetic energy related to semidiurnal internal waves was larger in winter when stratification of the water column was stronger. During summer, upwelling and the decrease of freshwater input from nearby rivers reduced the vertical density stratification. The amplitude of the semidiurnal internal tide showed a tendency to be enhanced with increasing stratification as observed in other upwelling areas. The continental shelf break and submarine canyons, which limit the continental shelf in the alongshore direction, represent near-critical slopes for the semidiurnal period and are suggested to be the main internal tide generation sites in the study region. 相似文献
18.
This study is focused on the integration of bare earth lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) data into unstructured (triangular) finite element meshes and the implications on simulating storm surge inundation using a shallow water equations model. A methodology is developed to compute root mean square error (RMSE) and the 95th percentile of vertical elevation errors using four different interpolation methods (linear, inverse distance weighted, natural neighbor, and cell averaging) to resample bare earth lidar and lidar-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) onto unstructured meshes at different resolutions. The results are consolidated into a table of optimal interpolation methods that minimize the vertical elevation error of an unstructured mesh for a given mesh node density. The cell area averaging method performed most accurate when DEM grid cells within 0.25 times the ratio of local element size and DEM cell size were averaged. The methodology is applied to simulate inundation extent and maximum water levels in southern Mississippi due to Hurricane Katrina, which illustrates that local changes in topography such as adjusting element size and interpolation method drastically alter simulated storm surge locally and non-locally. The methods and results presented have utility and implications to any modeling application that uses bare earth lidar. 相似文献
19.
一种激发极化法2.5维正演的自适应有限元方法（英文） 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
传统的基于结构化网格有限元法采用的单元比较规则如矩形等,且网格剖分和加密要靠手动实现,所以传统的基于结构化网格有限元法不能准确和灵活地模拟复杂介质。本文采用易于模拟复杂介质模型的非结构化三角形网格进行剖分,且利用对偶加权后验误差估计指导网格自动细化过程,然后在电位模拟的基础上计算雅可比偏导矩阵,并依据Seigel（1959）理论实现激发极化法2.5维自适应有限元正演模拟算法。通过对垂直接触面模型进行正演分析,接收点附近网格得到了明显加密,电位数值解平均相对误差收敛到0.4%,视极化率平均相对误差收敛到1.2%,表明经自适应网格细化后,该算法数值解最终能收敛到精确解附近。最后对两个较复杂模型进行了正演计算与分析,进一步验证了该算法的准确性和灵活性。 相似文献
20.
Wanessa Sousa Marques Alcides Nobrega Sial Eldemar de Albuquerque Menor Valderez Pinto Ferreira George Satander Sá Freire Enjolras de Albuquerque Medeiros Lima Valdir do Amaral Vaz Manso 《Continental Shelf Research》2008
The distribution of mineral phases according to the provenance of carbonate and terrigenous facies of carbonate sediments from a large area of the continental shelf of northeast Brazil was investigated using a major element multivariate analysis approach. Heavy minerals such as ilmenite are restricted to the litoraneous facies of the continental shelf of the states of Paraíba and Pernambuco, and clay minerals are found in distal facies of the continental shelf of the State of Ceará. In the carbonate fraction, composed essentially by Mg-calcite and aragonite, there is co-variation between CaO/MgO and bathimetry in part of the studied continental shelf from depths between 15 and 20 m, apparently due to influence of the seawater temperature, degree of oxygenation and luminosity. The terrigenous facies are mainly composed of quartz, clay minerals, K-feldspars and micro-micaceous minerals, having Fe and Ti oxide and hydroxide minerals as major accessory phases. Major element behavior attests to the presence of arenaceous quartz-rich relict sediments in the 35, 60 and 80 m isobaths of the continental shelf of the state of Ceará which is here interpreted as a proxy of ancient coast lines during the Flandrian transgression. 相似文献