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1.
大荔人遗址黄土-古土壤序列 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文划分了大荔人化石层位上部的黄土-古土壤序列,对黄土进行了磁化率测量,并将结果与附近位于黄土塬上的垣雷剖面以及典型黄土洛川剖面的地层和磁化率曲线对比,认为大荔人化石地点地层上部黄土-古土壤序列包括S0、L1、S1、L2、S2.大荔人化石位于黄土层以下约20 m处的河流相砾石层中,因此大荔人化石的年代大于S2的轨道调谐年龄,即0.247 Ma B.P..根据动物化石和孢粉指示的环境以及化石层位上堆积较厚的河流相地层,推测大荔人生活在S3古土壤形成时期. 相似文献
2.
产现代智人化石的“柳江人洞”遗址现存8m多厚堆积层可分为4个单元,即上部钙板-粘土层;中上部切入下伏地层的楔状角砾堆积体;中部钙质胶结的含化石和角砾粉砂质粘土层;下部河流相砂层。覆盖楔状角砾堆积和含角砾粉砂质粘土层的第2钙板层年代大约为70kaB.P.。中部地层的上部有两个被楔状角砾堆积切断的钙板残层,年代分别约为150kaB.P.和220kaB.P.,表明在大约150kaB.P.之后该地点曾发生冲刷-再沉积事件。据前人报告,“柳江人”化石出土于楔状角砾堆积,其年代大约为150～70kaB.P.。另外,不能排除人类化石埋藏于中部地层的可能性,如是,其年代应早于150kaB.P.。无论上述两种可能性何者成立,“柳江人”化石的年代都不会晚于约70kaB.P.。这大大早于以前的估计,并使“柳江人“成为迄今已知东亚南部最早的具有现代人解剖特征的化石智人。与“柳江人”化石共生的哺乳动物群原先归属晚更新世,现应调整为晚更新世早期至中更新世晚期。 相似文献
3.
完整的陕西大荔人遗址剖面由上部黄土—古土壤序列和下部砂土地层两部分组成。综合全剖面磁化率曲线对比和极性分析,以及和间隔遥远的古里雅冰芯氧同位素曲线的对比,得出上部黄土—古土壤序列由S0、L1、S1、L2、S2五层组成,下面的砂土层包含相当于L3、S3、L4、S4的地层(由上到下)。据此,再通过与黄土—古土壤磁化率年代曲线的对比,判定出大荔人头骨化石产出地层形成年代至少可以追溯到422ka前。以上结论得到了偏移事件(MonoLake事件,BLAKE事件和BiwaIII事件)的辅证。 相似文献
4.
大荔人头骨化石产地地层的再研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
1978年发现大荔人头骨化石以来 ,都认为该化石是产自中更新世晚期的地层中 ,一些学者一直认为其年龄是 180～ 2 0 0 ka B.P.,也有个别研究者认为是 2 30 ka、大于 2 5 0 ka、30 8ka B.P.的。实际上 ,不仅对化石的年龄有不同数据 ,对化石产地地层也有不同的划分与对比。经再研究 ,该区晚新生代地层从上上新统直到全新统都有发育。沉积类型有湖相 ,河流相和风成黄土—古土壤沉积。人类化石层应是上中更新统的下部或下中更新统的上部 ,或更靠下。 相似文献
5.
生物化石在沉积学中占据着重要的地位,根据化石可以指示地层的顶底,也可以指示地层年代,而且化石还能作为地层年代对比的重要依据。通过对生物化石的研究,可以对沉积学的发展有极大的帮助,同样,沉积学的深入发展也能够极大的促进古生物的研究工作的开展,二者相辅相成,缺一不可。 相似文献
6.
凡是无标准化石的地层,其层位及年代非常的鞣以鉴定,尤以寒武纪以前诸地层为最困难。因为寒武纪以前的诸地层,不独无标准化石,还有构造上及变质上等等问题,以致研究者 相似文献
7.
自20世纪60年代发现蓝田直立人化石以来,陕西已经发现了8处更新世古人类化石地点,成为中国人类化石资源分布密集区之一。陕西古人类化石涵盖了直立人、早期智人至晚期智人的人类演化阶段,基本形成了一个较为连续的人类演化序列。在蓝田公王岭、蓝田陈家窝子、洛南龙牙洞发现的古人类化石属于直立人,在大荔甜水沟发现的古人类化石属于早期智人,在志丹、黄龙、长武、南郑发现的古人类化石属于晚期智人。陕西丰富的古人类化石对于研究直立人在欧亚大陆早期人类扩散和迁徙过程、早期现代人多地区起源、中国古人类演化的关键阶段等一系列关键学术问题具有非常重要的科学价值。 相似文献
8.
1.岩石地层对比及清理的目的 1.1岩石地层对比:对比(Correlation)这个术语在现代地层意义上,表示地层单位的特征一致和地层位置相当。因为在多重地层划分概念指导下,地层单位是多种的,所以有取决于所强调特征的不同种类的对比。论证岩石地层单位的特征一致和地层位置相当称作岩石地层对比(lithostratigraphic correlation);论证化石带的化石属种一致和位置相当是生物地层对比(bioStratigraphic correlation);论证年代地层的时间一致和位置相当是年代地层对比。不加形容词的对比是一般概念的对比,不要一提对比就是年代一致, 相似文献
9.
松辽盆地及外围石炭系-二叠系划分与对比 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以东北地区晚古生代大地构造演化最新研究进展为主要依据,结合地层发育及生物古地理特征,将研究区分为2个地层大区,5个地层区,9个地层分区.在各省区岩石地层清理结果的基础上,结合近年来区域地质调查及地层学方面的研究进展及本次工作的新认识,建立起各地层区岩石地层序列.利用已有生物化石资料,结合最新的牙形刺、孢粉等微体化石及同位素测年资料,应用生物地层和同位素年代地层的综合研究方法,基本明确了各组级岩石地层单位时代,并将其纳入最新的国际年代地层系统.在不同地层区之间进行横向对比,建立了松辽盆地外围石炭-二叠系在国际年代系统框架下的地层划分对比格架. 相似文献
10.
山东临朐山旺组的再认识 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
<正> 山东临朐山旺组自杨锺健建立以来,已历50余年沧桑,其间有三次研究高潮。30年代后期发表论文8篇,包括地质、地层、矿产、脊椎动物、硅藻和植物化石。50年代至60年代中期,发表论文11篇,其中孢粉2篇、地层1篇,其余为脊椎动物化石。张席褆教授首 相似文献
11.
In Ostrobothnia, western Finland, buried fossil soils have been recognised in a number of places in the sandy sediments that occur between glaciofluvial deposits and overlying till. Samples from the soil horizons as well as below and above them were taken for optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. The same sites were also sampled for thermoluminescence (TL) dating. Altogether five TL dates and seventeen OSL dates were obtained. The OSL dates can be grouped into two age classes, (i) 120-163 ka and (ii) 76-106 ka, whereas all TL dates are of the order 135-155 ka. A comparison between the results obtained from the two dating methods shows that OSL dates are generally younger than the TL dates for the same sample. The discrepancy may arise partly from problems of setting a correct residual level in TL dating. If this is the case then the TL dates may indicate an upper limit for the true age. The results support the geological interpretation that the fossil soils were formed during the last interglacial, that the soil-forming processes possibly also continued during the first Early Weichselian stadial and interstadial (Brørup sensu lato), and that in general the till-covered glaciofluvial sequences, interpreted as eskers in Ostrobothnia, were deposited during the Saalian or Early Weichselian deglaciation. 相似文献
12.
SANDA BALESCU MICHEL LAMOTHE JEAN-PIERRE LAUTRIDOU 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1997,26(1):61-72
The infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) dating method is applied to alkali feldspar coarse grains from the two distinct Middle Pleistocene interglacial estuarine deposits of Tourville, located along the Seine Valley. The upper deposit (unit D), previously dated at 200 ka by ESR on in situ shells and correlated with a stage 7 high sea-level stand (186–245 ka), yields a measured IRSL age of 176 ± 21 ka. The lower deposit (unit B) assigned to a distinctly older high sea-level event (stage 9: 303–339 ka) yields a measured IRSL age of 273 ± 28 ka. The nearby stage 7 raised beach of Sangatte, in Northwestern France, previously dated by TL on quartz (229 ± 18 ka) yields a measured IRSL age of 186 ± 19 ka. These IRSL age estimates systematically underestimate the expected geological ages. This could be due to the long-term fading or instability of the luminescence signal in alkali feldspars. The correction for long-term fading has been tested on these samples. At Tourville, it yields corrected IRSL ages of 196 ± 23ka and 314 ± 32ka, for the upper and lower units respectively and, at Sangatte, a corrected IRSL age of 206 ± 20 ka. These corrected IRSL age estimates are in better agreement with the expected geological ages. This study demonstrates the potential of the feldspar luminescence dating method to provide chronological information on Middle Pleistocene interglacial estuarine sediments within the North Sea-English Channel Basin. 相似文献
13.
B.W. Smith 《Quaternary Science Reviews》1988,7(3-4)
Auto-regenerative dating of zircon grains from fired materials has been shown to be a very powerful technique. The high internal dose rate in zircon gives a measurable auto-regenerated TL signal a few months after the natural TL measurement, allowing the determination of age without dosimetry. The technique has been extended to zircon grains from sediments, using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques to measure the natural signal. The auto-regenerated signal is only a few hundred photons and cannot be measured above background using present OSL techniques, so it is counted using the highly sensitive TL reader developed for fired zircon grains. Preliminary measurements on fired zircons are in good accord with TL dating and the known ages, but precision becomes poor for samples <1 ka in age. Possible improvements using auto-regenerative phototransfer TL dating are discussed. 相似文献
14.
This paper reports the application of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating to relatively coarse grains (100–200 μm) of quartz extracted from loess. Two approaches were tested – a multiple aliquot technique and a new single aliquot approach, which is especially suited to the dating of small quantities of such grains found in some loess. The results are compared with infra‐red stimulated luminescence and thermoluminescence (TL) measurements on the finer‐grained (4–11 μm) polymineral fraction and TL measurements on the relatively coarse grains of quartz. The advantages of the new single aliquot (OSL) approach are described and the iterating, computer‐controlled measurement procedure is given. The automated iterative single aliquot regeneration (AISAR) method corrects for changes in luminescence sensitivity during the measurement sequence by monitoring the response to a test dose. Some initial measurements are presented for the loess section at Zemechy, Czech Republic, and these show that the AISAR method gives more precise results than those using a multiple aliquot method. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
北美五大湖区的安大略湖北岸Don Valley Brickyard、Scarborough Bluffs、Bowmanville Bluffs剖面共同构成了北美东北部最长也是最厚的陆地第四纪沉积记录, 较完整地记录了晚更新世劳伦泰德冰盖(the Laurentide Ice Sheet)的演化. 晚更新世劳伦泰德冰盖演化的重建有赖于这些经典剖面中重要沉积地层单元的准确年代学控制. 传统的地层年代学主要是依靠少量14C年代, 将主要的混杂堆积单元(diamicton)解释为气候变冷环境下的冰川扩张, 并与指示全球冰量变化的深海氧同位素曲线一一比对建立起来的. 这样建立起来的年代学存在很大的不确定性. 20世纪80-90年代的少量热释光年代也不相吻合, 最近的13个长石红外释光定年则只集中于Bowmanville Bluffs的一个分层, 并未建立整个剖面的地层年代学, 使这些经典沉积剖面的年代学一直没有得到系统的建立. 应用石英光释光SAR-SGC法测试了Bowmanville Bluffs剖面Glaciofluvial Sand单元的2个冰水沉积样品, 年代结果分别为(41.6±3.8) ka、(48.1±4.4) ka, 分析表明这一年代结果偏老, 石英颗粒可能晒褪不完全. 由于大测片无法识别晒褪不完全的颗粒, 因此, 测试更多的剖面序列的光释光年代并尝试采用粗颗粒小测片或单颗粒技术解决样品颗粒晒褪不完全的问题将是必要的. 相似文献
16.
A review of current research on TL dating of loess 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The thick loess deposits of China, Central Europe and North America are particularly suitable for the application of the thermoluminescence (TL) dating method because individual grains are likely to have travelled large distances and thus been well exposed to light before deposition. Wind-blown silt grains collected close to glacial rivers in Alaska have been shown to give a ‘zero age’ of not more than 2 ka, demonstrating the efficiency of the zeroing mechanism.Differences in laboratory procedures can cause differences in the TL ages reported, particularly for loess over 100 ka. TL ages for interstadial soils in Europe are in agreement with the very few radiocarbon dates on reliable material, such as charcoal. On the other hand TL dates from sites in Belgium and north-western Germany indicate that the previously accepted chronology, which was based on two radiocarbon dates on humic-rich sediments, is incorrect.The use of the ‘last interglacial’ palaeosol for assessing the TL dates on loess above and below it is limited by the uncertainty in the timing of termination of soil-forming processes; 107 and 71 ka are the limits suggested by the astronomically-derived time scale. Results on deposits from China, North America, Alaska and Europe are discussed in this context. 相似文献
17.
Using the classic thermoluminescence (TL) dating technique for fired ceramic materials, we have obtained the first direct ages for five ceramic artifacts recovered from BfDa-1, a prehistoric archaeological site located in St. Croix, southcentral Nova Scotia. BfDa-1 is the only archaeological site in Nova Scotia to produce the full range of ceramic styles associated with the Woodland or Ceramic Period (c. 1050 B.C. to A.D. 1500); thus our new chronology can be used to revise the current local and regional ceramic chronologies. The five sherds from the St. Croix site yielded absolute gas of 1.15 ± 0.15 ka to 2.62 ± 0.29 ka (1 ka = 1000 years). The oldest of these TL ages was obtained on a sherd decorated with a pseudoscallop shell design and is in excellent agreement with a 14C date of 2500 ± 120 B.P. associated with Early Ceramic artifacts at this site. The other TL ages are in agreement with the relative ceramic chronology deduced from their decorative attributes. All five TL dates are in the correct depth-age order. This demonstrates that the recent excavations explored a part of the site which remained undisturbed in spite of extensive agricultural and horticultural activities in the vicinity in recent centuries. The dates also indicate a high degree of compression for the cultural remains at the site. They suggest a sediment deposition rate of 1.3 cm/100 yr during the early stages of the occupation period (2000–2600 yr B.P.), and a decrease in the deposition rate to 0.5 cm/100 yr during the last 2000 years. These dates provide the first successful application of TL dating to ceramics of the Minas Basin area. They confirm an initial hypothesis based on the stylistic attributes of ceramics recovered from BfDa-1, that human occupation at the site must have been of long duration. The excellent quality of the analytical data indicates that the TL dating technique should be well suited to the study of ceramic technology in other parts of the province, and that local mineralogy is suitable for optical dating of sediments at the site and elsewhere in Nova Scotia. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
18.
安徽省蚌埠及所辖怀远、固镇、五河三县境内，由于开挖怀（远）-洪（泽湖）新河，相继发现了诺氏古菱齿象Palaeoloxodon naumanni的一个头骨和9个门齿化石，铀系测年表明，它们分别是末次间冰期中72ka B.P.末次冰期中相当间冰阶的63ka和40ka B.P.的生物遗骸，反映晚更新世期间这一地区有3次较暖的生态环境；流水对化石的搬运作用明显，蚌埠以西以重量大的下颚骨为主，蚌埠以北、以东以易搬运的门齿为主，甚至在盛冰期砂层上、下部分别见驼鸟Struthio蛋和古菱齿象化石。 相似文献
19.
A new feldspar relative TL dating method is proposed that enables dating of pre-Weichselian loess older than 130 ka, by applying the additive γ dose technique and the Mejdahl's exponential extrapolation to alkali feldspar coarse grains. The method is applied to loess deposits from various reference loessic sections of NW Europe. Our relative TL age estimates are consistent with the information provided by the regional stratigraphy; furthermore, they lead to a clear separation of the pre-Weichselian periods of loess deposition in the time period 130 ka–300 ka. 相似文献