首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
为了减小地球物理反演的多解性,通常采用累加型目标函数,即数据拟合差项加上正则化项。基于累加型目标函数的反演存在如何优选正则化因子的问题,这个过程通常需要做大量的反演计算。本研究系统分析和实现了基于乘积型目标函数(数据拟合差项和正则化项相乘)的电阻率法三维反演,乘积型目标函数的反演不存在优选正则化因子的问题。三维正演采用非结构化有限单元法,三维反演采用有限内存拟牛顿方法。使用理论模型合成数据进行了三维反演,检验了基于乘积型目标函数的电阻率法三维反演的可行性与有效性。反演算例结果表明：基于乘积型目标函数的反演方法能够可靠恢复异常体的电阻率值、形态和位置。  相似文献   

2.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(3):885-893
Over the last two decades,co-located seismic and magnetotelluric(MT) profiles provided fundamental geophysical data sets to image the Australian crust.Despite their complimentary nature,the data are processed and often interpreted separately without common processes in mind.We here qualitatively compare 2 D resistivity inversion models derived from MT and seismic reflection profiles across a region of Archean-Proterozoic Australia to address the causes of variations in seismic response and anomalous conductivity in the crust.We find that there exists a spatial association between regions of low reflectivity in seismic sections and low resistivity in co-located2 D MT modelled sections.These relationships elucidate possible signatures of past magmatic and fluid-related events.Depending on their diffuse or discrete character,we hypothesize these signatures signify fossil melting of the crust due to mafic underplating,magma movement or hydrothermal fluid flow through the crust.The approach discussed herein is a process-oriented approach to interpretation of geophysical images and a significant extension to traditional geophysical methods which are primarily sensitive to a singular bulk rock property or state.  相似文献   

3.
大地电磁测深的反演问题是不适定的,其反演结果不稳定,且具有非唯一性。通过在目标函数中采用正则化方法,可以使得不适定反演问题具有稳定的反演结果,并改善解的稳定性和非唯一性问题。为了提高野外大地电磁测深数据的处理效率和初步解释的精度,提出了大地电磁测深数据的一维正则化反演进行拟二维反演解释方法。这里所述的大地电磁测深一维反演解释,与以往的解释方法不同,其思路首先用Bostick反演的深度来控制层参数,使反演计算的模型参数仅存在电阻率;最后采用阻尼高斯-牛顿算法进行反演计算,并将Bostick反演结果作为反演计算的初始模型。通过模型试算,结果表明其处理速度快、解释直观,对野外大地电磁测深数据进行初步反演解释是可行的。  相似文献   

4.
Geophysical surveying methods are of great importance in environmental exploration. Inversion-based data processing methods are applied for the determination of geometrical and physical parameters of the target model. The use of this geoelectric inversion method is advantageous in environmental research where highly reliable information with large spatial resolution is required. The 2D combined geoelectric inversion (CGI) method performs more accurate parameter estimation than conventional 1D single inversion methods by efficiently decreasing the number of unknowns of the inverse problem (single means that data sets of individual vertical electric sounding stations are inverted separately). The quality improvement in parameter space is demonstrated by comparing the traditional 1D inversion procedure with a 2D series expansion-based inversion technique. The CGI method was further developed by weighting individual direct current geoelectric data sets automatically in order to improve inversion results. The new algorithm was named combined geoelectric weighted inversion, which extracts the solution by a special weighted least squares technique. It is shown that the new inversion methodology is applicable to resolve near-surface structures such as rapidly varying layer boundaries, laterally inhomogeneous formations and pinch-outs.  相似文献   

5.
三维电阻率成像新方法及应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
三维电阻率成像法包括近似三维反演因子和综合子空间解释器,三维反演因子用于正向线性电阻率近似解译,综合子空间法是共轭梯度法的变换,是求解大型最优化问题的有效方法.三维成像是线性反演问题,不需正演模拟或敏感度修改.在非线性三维反演中,三维电阻率成像技术可直接获取三维电阻率的分布信息,或提供中间过程的模式修改.野外资料验证表明,三维成像技术可提供电阻率空间的分布信息.  相似文献   

6.
The simultaneous inversion of multiple geophysical data types has been proven to be a powerful tool to both improve subsurface imaging and help in the interpretation process. The main goal of this paper was to develop joint inversion strategies to provide improved resistivity and seismic velocity images for delineating saline water zones in karstic geological formations. The cross-gradient constraint approach was adopted to jointly invert resistivity and seismic first arrival data. The basic idea of this approach is to quantitatively estimate the structural similarity between resistivity and seismic velocity models, using the cross product of their gradients and to achieve a unified geological model which satisfies both data sets. Initially, synthetic data were employed to help develop a joint inversion strategy to be used over such complex geological structures. The proposed strategy uses a weighting factor for the cross-gradient constraints and separate damping factors for the resistivity and seismic data. This strategy was applied successfully on field data from the karstic region of Stilos, Crete, Greece.  相似文献   

7.
Groundwater models simulating flow in buried valleys interacting with regional aquifers are often based on hydrogeological models interpreted from dense geophysical datasets and scarce borehole data. For three simple synthetic cases, it is demonstrated that alternative methods of inversion of transient electro-magnetic (TEM) data can lead to very different interpretations of the hydrogeology inside and surrounding a buried valley. The alternative interpreted hydrogeological models are used in numerical modelling of groundwater flow to a pumping well. It is demonstrated that the alternative models result in quite different groundwater-model predictions of capture zone, recharge area, and groundwater age for the pumping well. It is briefly demonstrated that model calibration against hydraulic head data is not likely to improve the predictions or to identify the structural error of the interpreted hydrogeological models. It is therefore concluded that when TEM-based resistivity models are interpreted to construct the hydrogeological framework of a groundwater model, it must be done cautiously with support from deep borehole information. Too much reliance on geophysical mapping can lead to seriously wrong hydrogeological models and correspondingly wrong groundwater-model predictions.  相似文献   

8.
复杂条件下地下水磁共振探测与灾害水源探查研究进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
磁共振地下水探测是一种直接非侵害性探测地下水的地球物理新方法,与传统地球物理探测地下水方法相比,具有高分辨力、高效率、信息量丰富和解唯一等优点。近年来地下水磁共振探测技术发展迅速,不仅用于缺水地区的地下水勘查,还在地下灾害水源（由于地下水引起的灾害如堤坝渗漏、隧道/矿井水害、滑坡、海水入侵等）的探测预警中进行了探索性研究。综述了复杂条件下地下水磁共振探测技术的研究现状,包括强电磁干扰环境的自适应噪声压制、地下小水体的2D/3D磁共振探测、复杂条件的数据处理与反演、针对喀斯特地貌等地质环境的地下水磁共振与瞬变电磁联合探测研究成果,简要介绍了磁共振技术用于滑坡、海水入侵和隧道涌水等灾害水源探查的探索性研究示例,展望了地下水磁共振探测技术的未来发展趋势。  相似文献   

9.
Two geophysical techniques were integrated to map the groundwater aquifers on complex geological settings, in the crystalline basement terrain in northeast Nuba Mountains. The water flow is structurally controlled by the northwest–southeast extensional faults as one of several in-situ deformational patterns that are attributed to the collision of the Pan-African oceanic assemblage of the Nubian shield against the pre-Pan African continental crust to the west. The structural lineaments and drainage systems have been enhanced by the remote sensing technique. The geophysical techniques used are: vertical electrical soundings (VES) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), in addition to hydraulic conductivity measurements. These measurements were designed to overlap in order to improve the producibility of the geophysical data and to provide a better interpretation of the hydrogeological setting of the aquifer complex structure. Smooth and Block inversion schemes were attempted for the observed ERT data to study their reliability in mapping the different geometries in the complex subsurface. The VES data was conducted where ERT survey was not accessible, and inverted smoothly and merged with the ERT in the 3D resistivity grid. The hydraulic conductivity was measured for 42 water samples collected from the distributed dug wells in the study area; where extremely high saline zones were recorded and have been compared to the resistivity values in the 3D model.  相似文献   

10.
Rise of groundwater level becomes an emerging concern at Wonji irrigation field, Main Ethiopian Rift. An integrated study based on geophysical resistivity methods is conducted at Wonji wetland to understand the link between irrigation water and the shallow aquifer system as well as to confirm the current concern of groundwater rise. The study was also intended to improve the uncertainty of understanding the hydrogeology of Wonji wetland including the extent and direction of groundwater–surface water interaction. The vertical and horizontal contacts between the different geological series of the Wonji area are resolved with 2D high-resolution geophysical imaging. Results from both VES and 2D tomography show low resistivity layers under Wonji irrigation field with narrow ranges in resistivity variation which corresponds to a homogeneous saturated layer. The geoelectric sections reveal two fault systems running NW–SE and N–S directions which impede lateral groundwater flow. Furthermore, groundwater is converged towards the Wonji irrigation site strained by these fault systems. The geophysical results show strong link between irrigation water and the shallow unconfined aquifer as well as among the local and regional flow systems.  相似文献   

11.
井间电阻率层析成象是一种探测地下浅部精细结构的物探方法，它主要用于解决工程地质问题。本文采用２．５－Ｄ有限元法，针对井间电阻率层析成象中的ＡＭ观测系统进行了反演成象计算。文中首先计算了灵敏度矩阵，然后给出了一种电阻率层析成象反演算法—平滑度约束反演，理论模型的计算和实际资料的处理，都证明了该算法的有效性  相似文献   

12.
Knowledge of the existence of fracture zones, their extent, intensity and direction is very useful for assessing groundwater in hardrock regions and in this context geophysical methods are widely accepted as a powerful means of study. In the modern era of exploration, application of the Resistivity Imaging technique gives a new opportunity for groundwater study in hardrock regions. Exploration surveys were conducted at one of the important sites in Maheshwaram watershed, Andhra Pradesh, India with a multielectrode resistivity imaging system. To reduce the ambiguity of geophysical interpretation some complementary geophysical studies like ground Magnetic and VLF were also carried out.A number of 2D resistivity images were prepared in a grid pattern, which clearly show the weathered and fractured zones in different parts of the study area. With the help of all 2D profiles a quasi-3D image has been created, which indicates the orientation and extension of the fracture zone in a horizontal as well as vertical direction in the study area. Strong agreement exists among the anomalies identified using the ground magnetic, VLF and resistivity imaging methods. The litholog data available in the study area also helps to interpret geophysical results to find a potential groundwater bearing zone in that area.  相似文献   

13.
陈霜  谭捍东  高敬语 《现代地质》2016,30(3):597-605
由于地球物理反演存在固有的多解性问题,如何减小多解性,提高地球物理方法反演结果的可靠性和准确性是当今地球物理领域研究的热点。为了减小大地电磁与地震反射波走时资料反演的多解性,在Gallardo和Meju研究的交叉梯度理论的基础上,实现大地电磁与地震反射波走时数据的二维联合反演算法;设计理论地电模型和速度模型进行合成数据的单独反演和联合反演试算,并验证大地电磁和地震反射波走时数据二维联合反演算法的正确性和有效性。反演结果表明,利用交叉梯度方法耦合大地电磁电阻率参数和地震波速度参数能使联合反演过程中的这两个模型在更新的时候相互约束,联合反演结果比单一反演结果更接近真实模型,从而使反演结果更可靠,减少了反演解的多解性。  相似文献   

14.
时移地球物理监测是观测地下物性参数随时间动态变化的有效方法。地球物理反演结果会受到测量误差、测量环境的噪声污染以及地球物理反演多解性等系统性因素的影响。如果对时移地球物理数据进行不同时刻数据的单独反演,可能会导致不同时刻的反演结果可对比性差,从而影响时移地球物理的监测效果。针对可控源音频大地电磁法在监测领域的实际需求,将不同时刻的观测数据放在一起反演,不同时刻的电阻率模型相互约束,实现了时移可控源音频大地电磁法三维反演。设计三种类型模型进行合成数据的单独反演和时移反演对比试算,验证了时移反演算法的有效性。反演结果表明：通过加入相邻时刻模型约束,时移反演可以更好地聚焦异常体的位置,降低噪声以及测量环境变化对反演结果的影响,防止反演伪影掩盖真实的地下变化。研究成果为时移可控源音频大地电磁法的实际应用奠定了良好基础。  相似文献   

15.
Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) has been used in association with several geohydrological, geotechnical and geophysical methods in resolving several site specific problems in hydrological science. Advancement in the field of computers and automation in the field of electronics has jointly resulted in the development of this geophysical innovation which has wide application in groundwater, environmental and engineering problems including monitoring of vadose zone water movement, steam injection etc. In this paper application of ERT in association with geohydrological and other exploration methods in resolving groundwater sustainability problem of a micro-watershed area in semi arid granite terrain is presented as three independent cases. In a hard rock terrain the probability of complexities in understanding the sub-surface lithology and its corresponding hydrological parameters are more. Hence appropriate resistivity survey configuration and suitable inversion of acquired data in congregation with other geo-scientific investigations were carried out to understand the site specific problem. The study demonstrated as 3 independent cases shows the usefulness of the ERT method in hydrological investigations, which is economic, efficient and less time consuming in comparison to the other exploration methods.  相似文献   

16.
In this study, a groundwater exploration survey was conducted using the DC Resistivity (DCR) method in a hydrogeological setting containing a perched aquifer. DCR data were gathered and an electrical tomography section was recovered using conventional four-electrode instruments with a Schlumberger array and a two-dimensional (2D) inversion scheme. The proposed scheme was tested over a synthetic three-dimensional (3D) subsurface model before deploying it in a field situation. The proposed method indicated that gathering data with simple four-electrode instruments at stations along a line and 2D inversion of datasets at multiple stations can recover depth intervals of the studied aquifer in the hydrogeological setting even if it has a 3D structure. In this study, 2D inversion of parallel profiles formed a pseudo-3D volume of the subsurface resistivity structures and mapped out multiple resistive (>25 ohm·m) bodies at shallow (between 50–100 m) and deep sections (>150 m). In general, the proposed method is convenient to encounter geological units that have limited vertical and spatial extensions in any direction and presents resistivity contrast from groundwater-bearing geologic materials.  相似文献   

17.
林承灏 《地质与勘探》2017,53(1):133-140
为了避免单一物探方法在地质反演解释中存在的多解性弊端,本文介绍了以电成像法为主、浅层地震反射波法为辅的综合物探方法对隐伏断层进行探测的应用实例,首先,通过电成像法查找断层破碎带的位置走向,然后利用浅层地震反射波法精确查明断层的产状、性质、位置及断距等地质参数,并对两种方法的探测成果进行综合对比分析,推断该隐伏断层为走向近东西向,倾向近南北向的正断层,断层落差约4.2m,其上断点埋深约17.9m。经钻孔验证表明,电成像与浅层地震联合方法在浅覆盖区隐伏断层探测中具有精确、可靠、经济的优势,该方法具有较强的应用价值。  相似文献   

18.
The contribution of geophysical techniques to groundwater characterization has largely evolved during the last two decades. As gravity is a geophysical technique sensitive to underground mass variations and due to the improved resolution of modern gravity meters, it can provide information on changes in the phreatic level caused by water being pumped from unconfined aquifers. Previous studies simulated the hydraulic head and the gravimetric anomaly using independent codes. The mass change associated to the pumping well-simulated drawdown had to be externally transferred to the gravity code used to simulate the gravimetrical anomaly, which has severe drawbacks. This article describes how to solve the forward coupled hydro-gravity problem using a unique finite-element code. To illustrate it, it is shown the case of a two-dimensional hydraulic model coupled to its three-dimensional gravity anomaly and also a more complex case where both related domains are three-dimensional. Both are compared against analytical solutions and discussed. The methodology is very flexible, general and amenable to extensions like including heterogeneous domains or coupling with the inverse problem in the same loop.  相似文献   

19.
In this article we present a geostatistical approach to the transmission tomographic inverse problem, which is based on consideration of the inverse problem variables (velocity and traveltime errors) as regionalized variables (R.V.). Their structural analysis provides us with a new method to study the geophysical anisotropy of the rock, an important source of a priori information in order to design the anisotropic corrections. The underlying idea is that the geophysical structure can be deduced from the spatial structure of the regionalized variables which result from solving the tomographic problem with an isotropic algorithm. Also, the application of the structural analysis technique to the anisotropic corrected velocity field allows us to characterize the reliability of these corrections (model quality analysis). Geostatistical formalism also provides us with different techniques (parametric and non-parametric) to estimate and even simulate the velocity in the areas where this field has been considered anomalous based on field studies and on geophysical and statistical criteria. The kriging acts as a low-pass smoothing filter for the anomalous model parameters (velocities), but is not a substitute for an adequate filtering of the outliers before the inversion. This methodology opens the possibility of considering the inverse problem variables as stochastic processes, an important feature in cases where the tomogram is to be used as a tool of assessment to quantify the rock heterogeneities.  相似文献   

20.
Based on the regional hydrogeology and the stratigraphy beneath the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) site, New Mexico (USA), a site-scale groundwater model has been built with more than 20 stratified hydrofacies. A stepwise inverse method was developed to estimate permeabilities for these hydrofacies by coupling observation data from different sources and at various spatial scales including single-well test, multiple-well pumping test and regional aquifer monitoring data. Statistical analyses of outcrop permeability measurements and single-well test results were used to define the prior distributions of the parameters. These distributions were used to define the parameter initial values and the lower and upper bounds for inverse modeling. A number of inverse modeling steps were performed including the use of drawdown data from the pump tests at two wells (PM-2 and PM-4) separately, and a joint inversion coupling PM-2 and PM-4 pump test data and head data from regional aquifer monitoring. Parameter sensitivity coefficients for different data sets were computed to analyze if the model parameters can be estimated accurately with the data provided at different steps. The joint inversion offers a reasonable fit to all data sets. The uncertainty of estimated parameters for the hydrofacies is addressed with the parameter confidence intervals.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号