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1.
德兴斑岩铜矿成矿过程中地下热水运移的动力学模拟 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
按照质量，动量和能量守恒定律建立描述成矿流体运移过程的控制微分方程组，运用有限元方法求解，得到有关成矿流体运移的流函数和温度分布值，将上述理论应用于江西德兴斑岩铜矿区，取得了满意的效果。 相似文献
2.
高孔隙率砂岩在不同围压及被不同流体（水及油）饱和时表现出不同的应力-应变特性及不同的破坏过程。复杂应力路径下油和水饱和砂岩的力学试验表明,存在某一临界围压,随着围压的增加,饱和砂岩从以压剪破坏为主,逐渐转变为以孔隙坍塌破坏为主的破坏机制。通过力学试验结果的分析,以两种破坏理论对油和水饱和砂岩的破坏特征进行了力学解释,并应用经典塑性力学的盖帽模型建立了相应的本构模型,应用非线性有限元法进行了数值验证,研究结果表明,提出的模型与试验资料吻合良好,能较好地模拟复杂应力路径下油和水饱和砂岩的破坏机制及模拟注水采油引起的砂岩附加沉降。 相似文献
3.
Asghar Farhadi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(12):330
The present investigation focused on the numerical simulation of the gravity currents of non-Newtonian fluids by means of the incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) approach. Firstly, to solve the rheological properties of the non-Newtonian Bingham model by ISPH method, the multi-viscodensity approach has been introduced. Then, this methodology has been used to simulate the annular viscometer and landslide deformation test cases. Through simulating these test cases, the viscoplastic behavior of the non-Newtonian viscosity and propagation of tsunami waves due to underwater landslide movement have been observed. Numerical results were in good agreement with the theoretical and experimental studies and showed that this methodology can be used to investigate precisely the generation and propagation of tsunami surface waves. 相似文献
4.
地质流体的热力学性质对研究它们在各种地质作用中的地球化学行为起着十分重要的作用。研究地质流体的传统方法有实验方法和经验、半经验模型方法。这些方法的应用范围一般只能涵盖整个地球温压条件中极为有限的区间。新兴的计算机模拟提供了研究地质流体的第三条途径 ,即通过“计算机实验”的方法 ,模拟极限温压条件下地质流体系统的热力学特性和微观性质。与传统方法相比它有优越性 ,且越来越受到地球化学家们的重视。蒙特卡罗法是流体计算机模拟的主要方法和手段之一 ,吉布斯系综法的提出 ,又显示出用蒙特卡罗法在研究物质相平衡和相变特性方面特有的能力。近来 ,人们把蒙特卡罗法应用于地质流体的研究 ,已取得了一些可喜的成果。但是 ,目前在地质研究中蒙特卡罗模拟大部分还局限于相对简单的系统 ,对于成分较复杂的系统 (特别是含水混合物 )的研究还有许多工作要做 相似文献
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6.
V.U. Nguyen 《Computers and Geotechnics》1985,1(2):117-138
In this paper, the reliability index β is examined for its applicability in geotechnics. A statistical finite difference scheme is proposed to evaluate partial derivatives of the limit state function, enabling the computation of the reliability index β. Through illustrative examples, it is demonstrated that the proposed procedure gives results in excellent agreement with those obtained by the Monte Carlo simulation method, and yet it involves considerable savings in computing time. Extension of the reliability index method to cover many classes of problems involving correlated variables is highlighted. 相似文献
7.
地质流体状态方程 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
几乎所有的地球化学过程都有地质流体参加, 定量地了解地质流体的物理化学性质是定量研究地球化学过程的基础.100多年以来, 广大化学和实验地球化学工作者做了大量的实验测定工作, 可是所有这些工作之和, 仅仅覆盖地球范围内一个不大的温压空间, 远远不能满足地球化学研究的需要.近年来, 我们试图通过分子水平上的研究, 结合热力学和统计力学方面的知识, 在重现前人实验结果的基础上, 研究实验工作者没有或不能研究的温压和成分空间, 得到了一系列能够精确预测地质流体在广阔的温压范围内的物理化学性质的状态方程.这些状态方程不仅能够重现实验数据, 而且具有良好的外延能力, 可以应用于地球化学领域诸多方面的研究.重点讨论了几个状态方程(包括纯流体状态方程含水溶液状态方程和含盐-水-气的状态方程) 在预测流体的溶解度、相平衡、化学位和PVT性质方面的应用.简要介绍了近年来笔者应用分子动力学和蒙特卡罗模拟在地质流体研究方面所取得的成果 相似文献
8.
成矿流体系统的形成与演化 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
成矿流体可以划分为地表流体与内部流体,后者又可进一步细分为原生流体和再生流体两类.原生流体、再生流体与地表流体三者起因不一,成矿作用各异,输运方式、活动范围、化学性质也有差异.重大地质事件(板块俯冲或地幔柱上涌等)引发的盆-山转换、地壳变形、岩浆侵入等系列事件,促使了原生流体与再生流体的产生,为大规模成矿流体系统提供了能量支持与活动空间.在大型成矿流体系统中,原生流体、再生流体与地表流体相互间不同程度地混合,共同参与成矿作用,形成了超大型矿床或成矿区带.流体系统演化过程中的构造-流体耦合作用、成矿流体超临界、不混溶、流体混合等独特的物理化学作用是成矿元素聚集与沉淀的重要基础.由于成矿流体系统的形成与演化是一个物理-化学作用耦合的复杂过程,所以其研究亦是复杂性科学与地球科学多学科交叉、定性概括和定量模拟及物理模拟多手段并用的综合探索. 相似文献
9.
单个流体包裹体LA-ICP-MS成分分析及在矿床学中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
流体对于热液矿床成矿过程起着十分重要的作用,而古成矿流体最直接的代表是流体包裹体,流体包裹体研究是了解与成矿有关的一系列问题的重要钥匙。单个流体包裹体成分LA-ICP-MS分析是了解成矿流体成分特征的最重要手段之一。文章简要介绍了单个流体包裹体成分LA_ICP_MS分析技术及待测样品选取等方面的问题,重点归纳了流体包裹体成分LA-ICP-MS分析在矿床学中的主要应用,如成矿流体的特征、成矿流体的来源、成矿流体演化历程、诱发金属沉淀的原因、岩浆_热液矿床中金属的来源、元素在不同相中的分配、模拟计算。最后为LA-ICP-MS对单个流体包裹体成分测试的前景做了简单的展望。 相似文献
10.
Abstract Andalusite-bearing veins formed during contact metamorphism in the aureole of the Vedrette di Ries tonalite. In the veins, quartz crystals that are completely armoured by andalusite or that occur in strain shadow areas contain three generations of fluid inclusions: low-salinity H2 O-CO2 -CH4 mixtures with CH4 /(CO2 + CH4 ) ± 0.35 (type A); low-salinity aqueous fluids (type B); H2 O-free, CO2 -CH4 fluids with the same carbonic speciation as A (type C). Carbonic types A and C typically have a dark appearance, which is attributed to graphite coatings on inclusion walls. Microstructural analysis of the host quartz and calculated densities indicate that type A inclusions were likely trapped during vein formation. These inclusions underwent strain-assisted re-equilibration during cooling that resulted in density increases without change of composition. After the rocks had cooled below about 350 ° C, type C inclusions appear to have formed from one of the immiscible fractions after unmixing of the H2 O-CO2 -CH4 fluid mixtures. Aqueous type B inclusions, apparently trapped between 225 and 350 ° C, could represent an independent fluid, or could be the H2 O-rich fraction of unmixed type A fluids. Taking account of the uncertainties, the composition and density of the complex type A inclusion fluids are in good agreement with the properties of primary fluids calculated from the petrological data. The fluid inclusion data support the model of vein formation by hydrofracturing as a result of dehydration of graphitic metapelites. These new results also demonstrate the importance of considering strain in the interpretation of metamorphic fluid inclusions. 相似文献
11.
The equation of state (EOS) for 98 pure organic and inorganic fluids formulated by Churakov and Gottschalk (2003) is extended to complex fluid mixtures. For the calculation of the thermodynamic properties of mixtures, theoretical combining rules from statistical mechanics are used. These mixing rules do not involve any empirical parameters. The properties of the fluid mixtures are directly derived from those of the pure constituents. As an example we show that the EOS describes accurately the thermodynamic relations in the H2O-CO2 binary at high pressures and temperatures. At subcritical conditions the EOS is able to reproduce accurately the phase relations within mixtures of non-polar fluids. In particular the EOS predicts phase separations within various fluid mixtures of polar and non-polar molecules. 相似文献
12.
Michael S. Riley 《Mathematical Geology》2004,36(6):683-702
A statistical, rule-based algorithm for generating fracture patterns similar to those observed in Limestone is presented. For each fracture set, initial seed points are randomly positioned within the modelled domain with the same density as the fractures observed in the field. An orientation is associated with each point by sampling from the distribution of orientations for the corresponding fracture set. Fractures are then allowed to grow from the seed points in both directions with this orientation until they meet other fractures whereupon they continue or terminate according to a fixed probability. A mathematical analysis of this method is presented for the case in which fractures within a set are assumed to be parallel. Approximations to the distribution of semi-trace lengths are derived which are shown to be in good agreement with simulation results. Fracture spacing distributions are also derived for this case. 相似文献
13.
离散裂隙随机网络模型中结构面的分布特征仅代表其统计规律,并非地质成因、结构模式、构造形迹的客观反映,以致后续力学计算及渗流模拟结果可信度偏低。针对国家高放废物处置库甘肃北山预选区出露良好的花岗岩体,基于实测结构面统计规律、内在成生关系及水力联系,在前期纯随机模型关键部位修正特征参数,并融入人工辨识的确定结构模式而构建“随机-确定”耦合模型。图形和渗流模拟两种定量检验结果表明：耦合模型结构面数量更接近客观实际,模型准确度提升约48.8%;耦合模型渗流路径与流量较之前更显客观真实,模拟结果与试验数据的接近程度比随机模型大约1/3。另外,不同孔位渗流结果显示：相比于随机结构面,确定性结构面对区域渗流控制作用更加明显,在渗流模拟中扮演更为重要角色。此耦合模型有益于拓宽结构面网络模拟的发展方向。 相似文献
14.
The thermodynamic behaviour of fluids can be accurately described by equations of state (EoS) in terms of the Helmholtz energy, with temperature and density as independent variables. The known properties in dynamic simulations of power or refrigeration cycles are usually different from temperature and density. Partial derivatives of state properties with respect to the known properties of the simulation have to be transformed into partial derivatives with respect to the independent variables of the EoS. This transformation is demonstrated step by step for the single-phase region, along the saturation line and within the two-phase region. 相似文献
15.
Computer Modeling and Simulation of Geofluids： A General Review and Sample Description 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Thermodynamic properties of fluids are essential for the understanding of the geochemical behavior of various processes,The paper introduces the most updated computer modeling and simulation methods in the study of thermodynamics of geofluids,inclduing semiempirical models(such as equation of state)and molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation.A well-established semi-empirical model can interpolate and extrapolate experimental data and yield much physicochemical information.Computer modeling may produce“experimental data“ yield much physicochemical information.Computer modeling may produce“experimental data“even under experimentally difficult conditions.They provide important methods for the study of geological fluid systems on the quantitative basis. 相似文献
16.
Analysis of random anisotropic damage mechanics problems of rock mass 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Summary A probabilistic analysis method of random anisotropic damage mechanics problems is proposed in parts I and II. In part I, based on the measured characteristics of random crack distribution on the surface of a rock specimen, a probabilistic distribution law of damage variables for rock mass is presented as a Beta distribution by using the Monte-Carlo statistical simulation method. In part II, statistical estimation of a damage state and properties of random damaged rock mass are evaluated by Rosenblueth's point estimate method. Combining with the F. E. method, rock mechanics problem for random damaged state have been analyzed. 相似文献
17.
高温高压下水的剪切粘滞度的平衡分子动力学计算 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本项工作用ＴＩＰ４Ｐ模型对水分子进行了平衡分子动力学模拟。根据Ｇｒｅｅｎ－Ｋｕｂｏ理论,计算了温度从６５２Ｋ到８１４Ｋ,密度从０．５３６０ｇ／ｃｍ３到０．８６３８ｇ／ｃｍ３六个不同温度和密度水的剪切粘滞度,并和实验值进行了对比。在所计算的温度和密度范围,平衡分子动力学计算结果与实验值的平均绝对值差别为１５％,好于使用非平衡分子动力学方法获得的粘滞度值。平衡分子动力学的方法将是获得地学中高温高压下流体输运性质的重要途径。 相似文献
18.
裂隙岩体宏观力学参数的二维数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩体通常含许多不同尺度的裂隙,因而力学性质非常复杂。由于现场测试及常规实验室试验常受各种条件的限制,因而其不能准确反映岩体的宏观物理力学性质。本文基于有限元分析软件对二维情况下的完整岩体和含不同倾角的软弱夹层的岩体在单轴和双轴压缩下进行了数值模拟,得到岩体变形的应力-应变曲线。该类曲线能反映裂隙对岩体力学参数的影响,对于指导工程实践有一定的意义,并且为获取岩体力学参数提供了新的途径。 相似文献
19.
A Lagrangian particle‐based method, smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH), is used in this paper to model the flow of self‐compacting concretes (SCC) with or without short steel fibres. An incompressible SPH method is presented to simulate the flow of such non‐Newtonian fluids whose behaviour is described by a Bingham‐type model, in which the kink in the shear stress vs shear strain rate diagram is first appropriately smoothed out. The viscosity of the SCC is predicted from the measured viscosity of the paste using micromechanical models in which the second phase aggregates are treated as rigid spheres and the short steel fibres as slender rigid bodies. The basic equations solved in the SPH are the incompressible mass conservation and Navier–Stokes equations. The solution procedure uses prediction–correction fractional steps with the temporal velocity field integrated forward in time without enforcing incompressibility in the prediction step. The resulting temporal velocity field is then implicitly projected on to a divergence‐free space to satisfy incompressibility through a pressure Poisson equation derived from an approximate pressure projection. The results of the numerical simulation are benchmarked against actual slump tests carried out in the laboratory. The numerical results are in excellent agreement with test results, thus demonstrating the capability of SPH and a proper rheological model to predict SCC flow and mould‐filling behaviour. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
随着能源供需矛盾的加剧,河北省地热资源开发利用呈快速增长态势,对地热流体可采量及其计算方法的研究亟待加深。通过实例,采用热储法、解析法、统计分析法和数值模拟4种方法对河北平原区层状热储地热流体可开采量进行了评价和对比; 分析了岩涪热储及资源现状。研究认为: 热储法和解析法适合勘查程度较低、无地热井或仅有少量地热开采井和产能试验数据的地热田,其计算精度较低; 统计分析法和数值模拟法适用于勘查程度较高、已开发利用多年、具有多年动态监测资料的地热田,计算结果可靠程度较高; 地热流体中岩溶热储具有温度高、易回灌、可持续性好等特点,主要赋存于古生界和中新元古界地层中; 岩溶热储被新生界地层覆盖,有利于储集层的聚热和保温; 在基岩隆起带(古潜山)岩溶裂隙发育,构成深部热水储集层,可形成有重要开发利用价值的地热田,是下一步地热勘查和开发的主要热储类型。 相似文献