共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Some aspects of South Asia's groundwater irrigation economy: analyses from a survey in India, Pakistan, Nepal Terai and Bangladesh 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
Since 1960, South Asia has emerged as the largest user of groundwater in irrigation in the world. Yet, little is known about this burgeoning economy, now the mainstay of the region's agriculture, food security and livelihoods. Results from the first socio-economic survey of its kind, involving 2,629 well-owners from 278 villages from India, Pakistan, Nepal Terai and Bangladesh, show that groundwater is used in over 75% of the irrigated areas in the sample villages, far more than secondary estimates suggest. Thanks to the pervasive use of groundwater in irrigation, rain-fed farming regions are a rarity although rain-fed plots within villages abound. Groundwater irrigation is quintessentially supplemental and used mostly on water-economical inferior cereals and pulses, while a water-intensive wheat and rice system dominates canal areas. Subsidies on electricity and canal irrigation shape the sub-continental irrigation economy, but it is the diesel pump that drives it. Pervasive markets in tubewell irrigation services enhance irrigation access to the poor. Most farmers interviewed reported resource depletion and deterioration, but expressed more concern over the high cost and poor reliability of energy supply for groundwater irrigation, which has become the fulcrum of their survival strategy.
相似文献
| Tushaar ShahEmail: Phone: +91-2692-229311-13Fax: +91-2692-229310 |
2.
This paper describes an application of the geographic information system (GIS) technology to a ground stability assessment
in the karst area of Dzerzhinsk, Russia. In the stability analysis, the groundwater level changes in the karst aquifer could
cause suffosion sinkholes when the gravitational force was greater than the soil strength. The GIS technology was used to
combine various data and to delineate the zones of potential gravitational collapse and suffosion collapse in the area.
相似文献
| V. V. TolmachevEmail: |
3.
Dorian Speakman 《Natural Hazards》2008,44(1):111-127
A vulnerability index for the Fire Service in the UK has been designed to identify vulnerable locations during episodes of
severe floods. Taking recent case studies with the UK Fire Service, the patterns of vulnerability, in terms of demand on time
and resources, can be explained by investigating the environmental causes and their interaction with the adaptive capacity
of the response agencies.
相似文献
| Dorian SpeakmanEmail: |
4.
Spatial and temporal knowledge representation 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Antony Galton 《Earth Science Informatics》2009,2(3):169-187
Knowledge Representation (KR) originated as a discipline within Artificial Intelligence, and is concerned with the representation
of knowledge in symbolic form so that it can be stored and manipulated on a computer. This article surveys that part of KR
that is concerned with the representation of space and time, with particular reference to the use of such representations
in geographical information science.
相似文献
| Antony GaltonEmail: |
5.
Space Physics Interactive Data Resource—SPIDR 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mikhail Zhizhin Eric Kihn Rob Redmon Dmitry Medvedev Dmitry Mishin 《Earth Science Informatics》2008,1(2):79-91
SPIDR (Space Physics Interactive Data Resource) is a standard data source for solar-terrestrial physics, functioning within
the framework of the ICSU World Data Centers. It is a distributed database and application server network, built to select,
visualize and model historical space weather data distributed across the Internet. SPIDR can work as a fully-functional web-application
(portal) or as a grid of web-services, providing functions for other applications to access its data holdings.
相似文献
| Mikhail ZhizhinEmail: |
6.
Recent academic debates about port competition have centered on the strategic responses of port authorities, operators, managers
and owners to the emergence of global supply chains. The competitive performance of a port authority or operator, given the
rise of the integrated logistics sector, depends increasingly on its strategic relationship to these supply chains and rather
less on traditional port competition factors such as hinterland size and physical infrastructure. However, there are few empirical
studies investigating the degree to which particular port actors are capable of inserting themselves into global supply chains.
In this article we ask what factors condition the supply chain strategies of port actors. We hypothesize that the strategic
supply chain choices of a port authority or operator are conditioned by the territorialized institutional framework in which
the dominant actors in a port operate. We apply these insights through a case study of the transformation of Dubai Port Authority,
and the rise of Dubai Ports World (DPW).
相似文献
| Peter V. HallEmail: |
7.
Melt inclusion formation mechanisms and compositional effects in high-An feldspar and high-Fo olivine in anhydrous mafic silicate liquids 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Important aspects of melt inclusion formation and potential compositions effects have been addressed through a series of experiments using anorthite/fosterite saturated anhydrous mafic liquids. Experimental charges were cooled from 1,300 to 1,230 and 1,210°C at rates of 1–10°/min followed by 0–24 h isothermal periods. Hopper and skeletal crystal morphologies with variable degrees of completeness developed during the cooling period. Planar overgrowth of these textures during isothermal periods led to the formation of inclusions, the majority of which formed after 6 h of isothermal run time. We suggest that the change in morphologies is related to a decrease in growth rates and changes in dominant growth mechanisms. In general, inclusion compositions were uniform and similar to the host glass, indicating that with the isothermal times required for most inclusions to form, a boundary layer was not entrapped that could be detected within the limits of our analyses.
相似文献
| Edward KohutEmail: Phone: +1-541-7373023Fax: +1-541-7371200 |
| Roger L. NielsenEmail: Phone: +1-541-7371235 |
8.
Summary The question of alternative technologies for high-speed Internet access lies at the heart of rural development problems. In
this paper, we focus on one of those technologies, the system combining satellite technologies and Wi-Fi. Based on an empirical
study carried out in three rural areas, we analyze the dynamics of the use and appropriation of that technology by the companies
and organizations participating in the experiment. Considered both from a technical and social standpoint, the technology
‘in use’ appears here in its structuring dimensions.
相似文献
| Valérie FautreroEmail: |
9.
Anthony John Christopher 《GeoJournal》2006,67(2):123-136
The pattern of Church of England dioceses has evolved over a period of 1,400 years. It reflects the practical response of
the Church to the changing political and demographic patterns of the country. No ideal size and form of diocese was ever devised
and few systematic attempts were made to achieve a degree of equity between them. The constitutional link between state and
church has inhibited change for the last 80 years, although society has changed significantly. Nevertheless, rapid constitutional
reforms, especially in the House of Lords, may be reflected in ecclesiastical reorganisation of the dioceses.
相似文献
| Anthony John ChristopherEmail: |
10.
The aim of this paper is to use an economic framework to derive decision making rules for river basin management with a focus on groundwater resources. Using an example from northern Nigeria, the paper provides an example of how decision making for sustainable water resources management may be facilitated by comparing net benefits and costs across a river basin. It is argued that economic tools can be used to assess the value of water resources in different uses, identify and analyze management scenarios, and provide decision rules for the sustainable use and management of surface and ground water resources in the region.
相似文献
| Gayatri AcharyaEmail: |
11.
Kees Terlouw 《GeoJournal》2008,73(2):103-116
Subsidizing cross-border regions is a method to close the gap between citizens and the European Union. This analysis of PAMINA,
a cross-border region in the Rhine Valley near Karlsruhe, discusses some of the difficulties of this policy. There are structural
mismatches between the scales of different cross-border relations. These vertical mismatches are linked to the differences
in the horizontal logics of economic and administrative cross-border relations. Especially cross-border commuting, made possible
by European economic integration, has improved the daily life of many inhabitants of this region. Paradoxically this regional
success of European economic integration is disconnected from the EU funded cross-border region. They not only relate to different
scales, but the same spatial asymmetry generating this cross-border behaviour hinders administrative cross-border cooperation
in PAMINA.
相似文献
| Kees TerlouwEmail: |
12.
Post-Bam earthquake: recovery and reconstruction 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
This paper gives a brief explanation of the earthquake in Bam. It also reports on the rescue and relief operations, including
the construction of emergency shelters and temporary housing, and on the country’s plan for the reconstruction of the city,
which includes debris removal, the rebuilding of rural and urban residential and commercial units, the reconstruction of state
and public buildings and public facilities such as schools, rural and urban water aqueducts and grids, the construction of
a sewage system, power network and telecommunication system, the provision of water to orchards and farmlands, the renovation
of industries and the revival of the cultural heritage, particularly the historical Bam citadel, among others. We also report
briefly on the effect of the Bam earthquake on the Iran Earthquake Risk Reduction Strategy and actions.
相似文献
| Mohsen Ghafory-AshtianyEmail: |
13.
Predicting environmental conditions to minimise salt damage at the Tower of London: a comparison of two approaches 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Clifford A. Price 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(2):369-374
The paper compares the results of two studies of salt damage at the Wakefield Tower, Tower of London. The first, in 1993,
was based on semi-quantitative salt analysis and hygroscopicity measurements. The second was based on quantitative analysis
and a thermodynamic model, ECOS. Both studies aimed to predict environmental conditions that would minimise salt damage to
the interior stonework. Their predictions are markedly different, and this paper examines the reasons for the differences.
It is shown that hygroscopicity alone is not a reliable indicator of crystallisation from mixed salt solutions.
相似文献
| Clifford A. PriceEmail: |
14.
The regionalization of urban natural disasters in China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Jing-ai Wang Pei-jun Shi Xiang-sheng Yi Hui-cong Jia Lai-yin Zhu 《Natural Hazards》2008,44(2):169-179
An integrated urbanization level (CL) index and an integrated natural disaster intensity (QC) index were developed on the
basis of Disaster System Theory and China Natural Disaster Database for integrated urban disaster risk assessment. Integrated
quantitative assessments of the urban socio-economic system and the intensity of hazards in China were carried out by the
Model-Tupu (map series) and inter-feedback process using digital map technology. On the basis of this assessment, China can
be regionalized into three regions, namely, coastal urban disaster region, eastern urban disaster region and western urban
disaster region, 15 sub-regions and 22 units. These results can provide a scientific basis for determining a city’s disaster
risk management and natural disaster relief regionalization in China.
相似文献
| Pei-jun ShiEmail: |
15.
This study seeks to gauge how far China’s container-related dynamics between 1990 and 2005 fit into the wider perspective
about transport and development within developing countries. In particular, attention is focussed on the role of specific
modes to determine the extent of the penetration of containers within China. Before addressing these key issues extant models
relating to an understanding of port and transport evolution in less-developed countries are recalled, synthesized and used
as a base upon which an appropriate review of China’s case can be conducted. Applying them to China’s northern, central and
southern port ranges not only helps assess the efficacy of these models but also highlights the contribution of individual
modes.
相似文献
| Claude ComtoisEmail: |
16.
The advent of the Virtual Observatory has begun an evolution in the space physics data environment. A number of nascent and
discipline specific Virtual Observatories have started to emerge with an emphasis on data search and retrieval. As this new
data environment takes shape an emphasis will be placed on interdisciplinary communication in attempts to address large scale
and global problems. To this end we formulate the development of a query language to facilitate Virtual Observatory to Virtual
Observatory communication. Furthermore, we outline the goals of such a language, how it would work and how existing community
efforts can be leveraged to speed the development of this query language.
相似文献
| T.W. NarockEmail: |
17.
Sarah F. Ives 《GeoJournal》2009,74(3):245-255
Using a discussion of South African soap operas, I will place the idea of visuality in a discourse analysis that incorporates
a feminist epistemological lens, or an epistemology that integrates reflexivity and an acknowledgment of the dialogic nature
of visual media. Through this discussion, I will examine the possibilities that dialogism provides for unpacking and exploring
the politics of imperfect translation between the visual and the textual. These methodological interventions, I argue, will
help enrich discussions of the visual’s role in the contested realm of geographic imaginations and move beyond the distanced
position of the masculine gaze.
相似文献
| Sarah F. IvesEmail: |
18.
Igor Vojnovic 《GeoJournal》2007,69(4):271-300
Throughout the 20th century, government in the U.S. has gone through significant changes; initially responding to the disorder
of early capitalism, and later, to the economic crisis of the 1970s. This article will explore the changes in the U.S. political
landscape over the last century, as well as the recent rise of neo-liberalism. In addition, with the analysis of the model
laissez-faire municipal government, the City of Houston, the article will illustrate how the basic weaknesses of neoliberalism
at the national level are also evident at the local scale of government.
相似文献
| Igor VojnovicEmail: |
19.
Transportation infrastructure has always played an important role in the economic fate of regions. In particular, airline
networks have dramatically decreased the geographic and temporal constraints of moving people, goods and information; all
of which are increasingly crucial inputs for the information economy. As a result, regions have become more concerned with
both the quantity and quality of airline connections. The purpose of this paper is to examine the emerging global hierarchy
of airline network connectivity. Using a proprietary database of nearly 900 airline carrier schedules from 2006, we examine
regional connectivity between 4,650 worldwide origins and destinations. Through the use of network analysis and graph theoretical
techniques, results indicate an increasingly complex web of nodal hierarchies in North America, Europe and Asia.
相似文献
| Tony H. GrubesicEmail: |
20.
David Havlick 《GeoJournal》2007,69(3):151-164
Since 1988, more than 20 US military bases have been redesignated as national wildlife refuges. In order to understand the
processes of these military-to-wildlife (M2W) conversions and their implications, I examine three logics that help to produce
these particular changes: Biodiversity, Brownfields, and Serendipity. These logics contribute to a broader discourse of ecological
militarization that frames military practices as compatible with and contributing to environmental protection. I focus on
the case of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Colorado, USA, to examine how these logics of conversion are mobilized into practice,
and what such changes mean as they bring militarism and environmental conservation together in reconfigured spaces.
相似文献
| David HavlickEmail: |