共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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以西昆仑造山带西段阿勒塔什地区为例,在缺少地表各岩石单元样品的情况下,对ASTER VNIR-SWIR波段反射率数据进行处理,提取岩性信息。首先对VNIR-SWIR多波段反射率数据进行最佳指数因子(IOIF)运算,得出最佳波段组合Band7-Band4-Band3,从其假彩色合成图像上只能识别少量岩性单元;为了减少高相关性波段之间的信息冗余度、并对波段信息进行集成,后对ASTERVNIR-SWIR波段反射率数据采用主成分变换并进行彩色合成,该图像能详细划分研究区多种岩性单元,如元古宙岩层、志留纪岩层、二长花岗岩岩体和英云闪长岩岩体,以及微观地质信息,如侵入岩热接触变质带、小型岩株和岩性界线。对比已有少量地质资料,认为提取结果可靠,为野外地质制图工作能提供超前信息。 相似文献
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在西昆仑成矿带塔什库尔干地区,利用WorldView-2高分辨率卫星数据开展了遥感地质综合调查研究,采用最佳指数法选择适于本区遥感解译及信息提取的8-4-3波段组合,利用波段比值、主成分变换等方法增强岩性、构造和矿化信息并进行地质解译;结果表明,波段比值可识别闪长岩、大理岩、片岩等多套岩性并突出岩性之间的界线,主成分变换能增强黑云石英片岩与白色花岗岩体间界线,并能对不同片岩因矿物含量差异而呈现的不同色调、明暗程度有较好的反映。岩矿波谱测试及岩性反演和遥感矿化异常信息提取研究工作表明,大理岩等单矿物岩石波谱反演效果较好,对B1,B4,B8,B6等4个波段进行主成分变换及铁矿化信息的提取结果表明,PC3分量是铁染异常的特征主分量。利用WorldView-2数据在西部裸露地区进行矿产地质遥感综合调查,既有高地面分辨率的光学特征,又具有一定的波谱识别能力,不仅能提取大范围的矿化蚀变信息,还可以识别局部的矿体露头,应用效果较好,值得推广。 相似文献
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新疆乌什县北山1:50000填图试点项目位于塔里木盆地西北边缘和西南天山交接部位,海拔较高,地形切割较深,属于典型的高山峡谷区。利用ASTER、SPOT6、GF-2等多源遥感数据,基于典型岩性光谱吸收特征,进行岩性差异信息增强与提取研究,总结出一套基于多源遥感数据进行岩性单元边界划分的方法。以ASTER数据、ASTER与SPOT6协同数据、ASTER与GF-2协同数据等为基础影像数据,并选择最佳波段组合进行RGB彩色合成,从而增强影像差异,结合已有研究区地质资料,初步圈定不同影像单元边界;继而利用矿物丰度指数、SMACC端元丰度提取等方法识别研究区内主要岩性的分布位置和范围;最后结合野外实际调查数据,依据实际地质背景和影像质量进行筛选,获得最终的岩性单元解译图。研究结果为该区进一步进行地层优化划分及对比提供了参考资料。 相似文献
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Landsat8 OLI图像增强与岩性识别方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
新疆维吾尔自治区阿克陶县布伦口地区海拔高、穿越条件差、岩性复杂,因而研究Landsat8 OLI数据信息增强与岩性识别在该区有强大的应用需求,也有遥感岩性识别的理论意义。区内不同岩性单元光谱较为相似,仅利用最佳波段组合(OIF)指数、主成分分析(PCA)和独立主成分分析(ICA)等图像增强方法均不能最大限度地区分各岩性单元。通过分析独立主成分变换之后各岩性单元的特征向量,发现不同岩性单元特征向量差异比原图像光谱差异增大,为扩大差异,依据特征向量统计结果构建比值运算,再联合PCA特征向量进行彩色合成,各岩性单元可识别性显著增加。研究表明:(1)采用联合多种图像增强的方法能将研究区不同岩性单元进行分离;(2)国道314南北两侧地层均划归布伦阔勒岩群的结论有误,其北侧仍属布伦阔岩石,南侧实为片麻状二长花岗岩;(3)沙湖南东原划归志留纪的岩石单元可进一步分解为志留纪地层和元古代布伦阔勒岩群岩石单元。该方法有推广应用价值和深化研究的前景。 相似文献
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ASTER多光谱遥感数据目前可以用于岩石矿物资源信息的识别和提取。本研究尝试利用ASTER可见光近红外(VNIR)和短波红外(SWIR)的多光谱遥感数据提取干旱地区的岩石与矿物信息。基于新疆天山西南缘柯坪隆起东部不同地层单元岩石的化学组成和矿物成份以及VNIR-SWIR谱域光谱吸收特征的分析,我们采用相关吸收波段深度(RBD)和波段比值(BR)方法对研究区的多光谱遥感数据进行图像处理,有效区分和识别了白云岩、石灰岩、砂岩以及阿克苏群的蓝片岩—绿片岩和砂质片岩。白云岩的CO_3~(2-)吸收谱带中心波长位于2.32μm,与灰岩的CO_3~(2-)吸收谱带中心波长位置2.35μm相比,具有向短波长方向移动的特点,据此可以利用RBD7、RBD8分别有效的识别白云岩和灰岩;长英质岩石显示Al-OH和Fe~(3+)VNIR-SWIR吸收特征,而基性-超基性岩石显示Fe~(2+)和Fe、Mg-OH特征,利用不同的铁价态和次要矿物可以区分它们:ASTER band2/band1代表了含Fe~(3+)矿物分布信息、ASTER band5/band4代表了含Fe~(2+)矿物分布信息、RBD6可以估计Al-OH矿物的丰度;砂质/泥质片岩含较多的多硅白云母、绿泥石、黑硬绿泥石以及风化后表面覆盖的其它粘土矿物,在2.21μm(band6)存在有特征的吸收谱带,并且在1.65μm(band 4)具有较高的反射率,而蓝片/绿片岩在2.21μm(band 6)反射率较高,不具有明显特征吸收谱带,同时其在1.65μm(band 4)反射率较低,因此蓝片/绿片岩ASTER band4/band6比值低。应用ASTER band4/band6波段比值可以有效的区分开砂质/泥质片岩与蓝片岩/绿片岩。 相似文献
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基于ASTER数据、Landsat 8数据及WorldView-2数据,采用波段组合法、最小噪声分离法、主成分分析法以及波段比值法,结合岩石光谱曲线,综合提取了新疆北山地区侵入岩的岩性特征。对WorldView-2进行主成分分析和最小噪声分离,并将R(PCA2)G(PCA1)B(PCA4)、R(MNF2)G(MNF1)B(PCA1)、OLI数据R(B7)G(B6)B(B5)进行假彩色合成,利用OLI数据中的B5/B2、B2/B1突出花岗岩。这些方法解决了复杂岩性的影像色调差异较小、细节不清晰等问题,降低了岩性划分及解译的难度,使各种岩性界线更加明晰。结合前人的区域地质调查成果,对研究区侵入岩岩性进行了系统解译及分析。多源遥感数据的综合利用,有助于更有效地识别复杂岩性并进行更详细的岩性分类,提高遥感岩性识别的正确率。 相似文献
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用ASETR图像和地统计学纹理进行岩性分类 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
运用新获取的ASTER数据可以对岩性进行识别与分类：首先运用地统计学中的变差函数来计算分析几种选定的岩性单元的灰度值空间变化特征；运用ASTER数据的可见光一近红外波段、短波红外(SWIR)波段以及二者的组合进行岩性的分类，分析分类精度的变化。用变差函数作为纹理的计算函数来提取图像纹理，并与原始的光谱数据结合，进行岩性的分类。结果表明，与单纯的光谱分类相比，加入纹理信息可显著改善分类精度；用不同方向的滞后距离提取的图像纹理对图像的分类结果有一定的差异，尤其是对存在明显的各向异性的岩石单元。 相似文献
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《地质科技情报》2017,(4)
岩性识别是遥感图像分类的难点,也是遥感地质应用的难点和热点。从遥感地质应用的实际需求出发,以西昆仑地区侏罗纪沉积岩地层为例,通过尺度转换提取高分遥感图像的多尺度纹理信息,采用波段叠加的方式协同多尺度纹理信息与ASTER影像多光谱信息进行岩性识别方法研究。利用WorldView-2全色数据进行向上尺度转换,形成空间分辨率分别为0.5,2,5,10,15,30m6种尺度图像数据,基于灰度共生矩阵提取各尺度上的纹理信息;将不同尺度的纹理信息分别与ASTER多光谱数据叠加形成协同数据;采用监督分类方法对研究区协同数据进行岩性分类。结果表明:(1)岩性纹理信息对空间尺度表现出依赖性,纹理信息量及含义随空间尺度不同而变化;(2)每套特定岩层因其独特的几何空间结构特征(厚度、产状、夹层、互层等)都有与之相适应的最佳纹理尺度,且该最佳尺度下纹理与光谱的协同效应最大;(3)纹理信息与多光谱数据形成的协同数据能有效提高岩性分类的精度,分类精度提高的程度与纹理计算的尺度相关。研究区岩性分类结果显示当纹理尺度为10m时,与仅基于ASTER纯光谱分类结果相比,精度提高了约6.9%。 相似文献
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为了减少由于不同岩性的反射率值差异而造成提取到错误的蚀变信息, 采用先进星载热发射和反射辐射仪(advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer, ASTER)数据, 以内蒙古昌特敖包地区为研究区, 先开展岩性分区, 再利用主成分分析和阈值分割的方法提取矿化蚀变信息, 并进行了方法对比与野外验证工作.褐铁矿化蚀变信息验证点共12个, 不分区直接提取的信息有6个与验证点吻合, 分区后提取的信息有8个点与验证点吻合; 绿泥石化蚀变信息验证点共5个, 不分区直接提取的信息有2个与验证点吻合, 分区后提取的信息有4个点与验证点吻合.研究结果表明, 针对不同岩性存在的反射率差异, 造成高背景值地区提取出较多的非矿致异常信息, 而低背景值地区弱信息被噪声淹没的现象, 该方法能够减少不同岩性产生的反射率差异. 相似文献
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基于ASTER数据遥感影像的决策树分类 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以黑龙江省北安市为研究区域,尝试利用ASTER视反射率值进行便利、准确的土地利用分类研究。对ASTER数据进行波段相关分析,确定最佳组合波段;然后重点分析转换为视反射率值的影像特征和光谱特征,从中提取各种典型地物的光谱曲线; 并依据提取的光谱曲线建立基于地物反射率值大小关系或阈值的决策树模型,对研究区不同地物类型进行分类,并对结果进行精度评价。应用效果表明,该方法简单有效,但对于混合光谱容易错分。 相似文献
11.
This study is an attempt to understand the application of spectral image processing methods to ASTER data for mapping host rock associated with porphyry copper-molybdenum mineralization. The application of remote sensing in identifying variations in surface mineralogy, structural elements, and lithologic contacts can help in identifying such relations. Signatures collected from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data is used to map the host rock of Zafarqand area. The study area is located in the central segment of the Urumieh–Dokhtar volcanic belt of Iran. The Urumieh-Dokhtar is a potential zone for exploration of new porphyry copper deposits. Band ratio, band math, false colour composites and principal component analysis techniques are used to refine the different lithologic units in the area. These methods showed the discrimination of acidic igneous rock from intermediate igneous rock and the boundary between igneous rocks using the shortwave infrared bands (SWIR) of ASTER at regional scale. Results have proven to be effective and in accordance with the results of field observations, ore microscopy examination and with reference geological map. In conclusion, the image processing methods used can provide cost-effective information to discover possible locations of porphyry copper and epithermal gold mineralization prior to detailed and costly ground investigations. The extraction of spectral information from ASTER data can produce comprehensive and accurate information for copper and gold resource investigations around the world, including those yet to be discovered. 相似文献
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We identified geological units in the Francistown area in northeastern Botswana by using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) thermal infrared (TIR) data, which contains both surface temperature and spectral emissivity information. A scatter plot of ASTER L1B daytime TIR digital values and L2 daytime temperature indicates that in the ASTER L1B daytime TIR data, bands 10, 11, and 12 contain spectral emissivity and temperature information, whereas surface temperature dominates the spectral emissivity information in bands 13 and 14. Visual interpretation of the ASTER TIR false color composite (FCC) images generated by assigning red, green, and blue to band 14:band 12:band 10 using L1B daytime data allowed us to identify mafic-to-ultramafic units and quartz-rich felsic units. Mafic-to-ultramafic units such as gabbro, dolerite, and dunite appear white in ASTER L1B daytime TIR FCC images due to their high spectral emissivities in the 8–9 μm region (bands 10 and 12) and high surface temperatures. Mafic-to-ultramafic units have higher surface temperatures than other geological units because they absorb more solar radiation due to their lower albedos and they have a lower thermal inertia. Quartz-rich felsic units such as granite and dry river sand appear reddish in the ASTER L1B daytime TIR FCC image because the spectral emissivity of quartz is lower in the 8–9 μm region (bands 10 and 12) than in the 10–12 μm region (band 14). Mafic-to-ultramafic and granitic units are important targets for mineral exploration because they are potential geological units to host or accompany mineralization. The proposed ASTER L1B daytime TIR FCC images can be prepared very simply and they provide valuable information for geological mapping and mineral exploration. 相似文献
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Integration of ASTER and landsat TM remote sensing data for chromite prospecting and lithological mapping in Neyriz ophiolite zone,south Iran 
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下载免费PDF全文 Alireza Eslami Majid Ghaderi Sankaran Rajendran Amin Beiranvand Pour Mazlan Hashim 《Resource Geology》2015,65(4):375-388
Chromite deposits in Iran are located in the ophiolite complexes, which have mostly podiform types and irregular in their settings. Exploration for podiform chromite deposits associated with ophiolite complexes has been a challenge for the prospectors due to tectonic disturbance and their distribution patterns. Most of Iranian ophiolitic zones are located in mountainous and inaccessible regions. Remote sensing approach could be applicable tool for choromite prospecting in Iranian ophiolitic zones with intensely rugged topography, where systematic sampling and conventional geological mapping are limited. In this study, Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite data were used for chromite prospecting and lithological mapping in the Neyriz ophiolitic zone in the south of Iran. Image transformation techniques, namely decorrelation stretch, band ratio and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to Landsat TM and ASTER data sets for lithological mapping at regional scale. The RGB decorrelated image of Landsat TM spectral bands 7, 5, and 4, and the principal components PC1, PC2 and PC3 image of ASTER SWIR spectral bands efficiently showed the occurrence of major lithological units in the study area at regional scale. The band ratios of 5/3, 5/1, 7/5 applied on ASTER VNIR‐SWIR bands were very useful for discriminating most of rock units in the study area and delineation of the transition zone and mantle harzburgite in the Neyriz ophiolitic complex. Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) technique was implemented to ASTER VNIR‐SWIR spectral bands for detecting minerals of rock units and especially delineation of the transition zone and mantle harzburgite as potential zones with high chromite mineralization in the Neyriz ophiolitic complex. The integration of information extracted from the image processing algorithms used in this study mapped most of lithological units of the Neyriz ophiolitic complex and identified potential areas of high chromite mineralization (transition zone and mantle harzburgite) for chromite prospecting targets in the future. Furthermore, image processing results were verified by comprehensive fieldwork and laboratory analysis in the study area. Accordingly, result of this investigation indicate that the integration of information extracted from the image processing algorithms using Landsat TM and ASTER data sets could be broadly applicable tool for chromite prospecting and lithological mapping in mountainous and inaccessible regions such Iranian ophiolitic zones. 相似文献
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MalogoJMKongola WangEnde 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2005,16(1):38-44
INTRODUCTIONInterpretation of Boxworks and Leached OutcropsSupergene alteration (or weathering), of sulfidesystems yields many products, which, if exposed atthe earth's surface, allow some interpretation of orig inal minerals present, which in turn, provide insightsinto the ore deposit at depth (Blanchard, 2003; Lillesand Kiefer, 2000; Anderson, 1982). These super gene products include secondary ore minerals, box works and other textures; various oxides, hydrox ides, … 相似文献