共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
求解边坡矢量和安全系数的条分法 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
矢量和安全系数物理、力学意义明确,通常采用有限元计算得到的应力场来求解。提出一种简便的求解方法,在通用条分法（GLE）的基础上,满足力和力矩平衡的严格条件,推导了基于条分法的矢量和安全系数。采用广义简约梯度法（GRG）搜索临界滑面,在极限抗滑合力矢方向上求解矢量和安全系数。整个计算过程都在电子表格软件Excel内实现,易于在工程实践中推广。对于圆弧滑面边坡,其计算结果表明：①矢量和安全系数与代数和安全系数非常接近,对应的滑面位置也相近。②不同的条间力函数假设（常数和半正弦函数）对边坡的矢量和安全系数影响很小。③极限抗滑合力矢方向? 小于边坡坡角,其值与假定条间力平行时的条间力方向非常一致。在极限平衡分析框架内,计算方法可进一步简化为：假设条间力平行,将条间力方向作为矢量和安全系数的计算方向。对于非圆弧滑面边坡,其计算结果表明：①均质边坡的矢量和安全系数与代数和安全系数相对误差小于3 %,滑面位置接近,而软弱层边坡两种方法的计算结果有一定差别。②不同的条间力函数假设对边坡的矢量和安全系数影响很小。 相似文献
2.
挖方边坡设计的目标是确定设计安全系数下的坡角和坡高,设计边坡是安全系数大于1的稳定边坡,不存在滑面,搜索的目的是寻找与设计安全系数相等的最小剪应比（面）。提出一种非常简单的指数型曲线搜索法,可搜索存在地下水的均质坡设计最小安全系数与其相应的坡角或坡高。从坡肩向外,进行等步长点搜索通过坡趾的曲线族。在每一点、指数由1逐渐增大变动指数曲线,对曲线与坡面线间的坡体进行条分,把每个条块底面抗剪强度与剪应力分解为水平与垂直分力,根据平行力系可移动原理,求各条块抗剪强度与剪应力的水平分力与垂直分力的合力,然后计算该曲线剪应比面的抗剪强度与剪应力,得到该剪应比面的剪应比,逐点对剪应比大小进行比较,搜索出曲线族的最小剪应比,直到通过某点的指数曲线的最小剪应比等于设计安全系数为止。通过3个算例与其他方法计算结果进行对比,表明这一方法的有效性具有实用价值,提出边坡设计应以最小安全系数为主要参照标准。 相似文献
3.
Alexander G. Razdolsky 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2009,33(8):1123-1134
The paper disproves a commonly accepted concept that the slope stability problem cannot be correctly solved without invoking the auxiliary static assumptions. The given slope stability analysis is based on the direct comparison of the driving force tending to induce a movement of the slope mass and the mobilized resisting force. A problem of separating the driving forces from the resisting forces is resolved by subdividing an area of the assumed slide mass into two segments wherein the driving forces dominate over the resisting forces at the first segment and vice versa at the other. The slope stability is assessed by the stability index that is equal to a ratio between the resisting forces and driving forces. The stability problem is reduced to determining and analyzing a distribution of the interslice force along the slip line length. A system of recurrence dependencies involving the components of the interslice force and the vertical coordinates of the thrust line is derived from the complete system of the slice equilibrium equations (equilibrium of the horizontal and vertical forces and the force moment equilibrium). This system falls into two subsystems of relations one of which involves only the components of the interslice force. From this it follows that a distribution of the interslice force does not depend on the thrust line position. The slope safety factor regulated by the design manuals for mobilizing the soil shear strength along the slip line is prescribed in advance. A computer program is developed for solving the governing recurrence relations and computing the slope stability index. The applicability of the program is confirmed by solving the problem on a calculation of the critical safety factor for three shapes of the slip line (a circular arc, and a cubic and quadratic parabola) and the stability problem of the real inhomogeneous slope consisting of four layers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
结合传统极限平衡方法和现代极限平衡方法,对圆弧滑动边坡进行垂直条分,将条块间的作用力一般化,提出了基于圆弧滑动的改进条分法。建立了圆弧滑动边坡的力学计算式,确定了一般化的条间力影响系数和边坡安全系数的关系式。运用数值计算和迭代程序,得出滑体分别在力平衡和力矩平衡下的安全系数随条间力影响系数变化情况,从而定量地描述了边坡稳定状态。结果表明,圆弧滑动垂直条分改进方法反映了滑动面和垂直面相互影响情况,数值计算简便,而且精度较高。 相似文献
5.
滑坡稳定性分析最重要的是精度。滑面和坡面是空间三维变化曲面,造成滑体厚度各处变化很大。滑坡稳定性分析通常选择中轴线或其附近的一个所谓“代表性纵断面”进行安全系数计算。由于采用单位宽度纵剖面计算,在多数情况下只能代表该纵剖面两侧不大范围宽度滑体的局部稳定性,而不能代表滑坡整体稳定性,因此提出多纵剖面合力法进行滑坡稳定性分析。为减少多剖面勘探成本的人财物力投入,把滑动面分成了简单滑面和复杂滑面两类。对简单滑面滑坡最少只打两个纵断面共2~4个钻孔,应用几种滑面曲线函数,绘制辅助横剖面,将所需要的多个计算纵剖面剖出。多剖面合力法是基于空间平行力系可移动原理,对各剖面划分条块,把每个剖面条块的剪应力与抗滑力分解成水平与垂直分力,然后计算每个剖面剪应力与抗滑力的垂直与水平分力各自的合力,再对各剖面的剪应力与抗滑力的水平与垂直分力求合力,计算出滑坡的抗滑力与下滑力,得到剪应比——滑坡的稳定系数。用简单滑面和复杂滑面两个滑坡实例进行了分析,验证方法的有效性。 相似文献
6.
数值分析方法（有限元、有限差分等）可计算边坡应力、变形和破坏,但直接计算边坡安全系数比较困难;而极限平衡法需对边坡体内力作出假设,计算精度受到限制。利用数值分析方法计算得到的应力场,重新定义推力最大原理中推力的含义,将常规边坡临界滑动场数值模拟方法作进一步的改进,提出基于数值应力场的边坡临界滑动场方法。该方法可充分发挥两大方法的优势,能够准确、方便地搜索出边坡临界滑动面位置,并给出更合理的边坡安全系数。通过两个算例的稳定性分析,并与其他方法进行比较,验证了该方法的准确性和合理性。 相似文献
7.
在边坡稳定性分析中宜采用严格极限平衡条分法,特别是对于任意形状滑动面。由于条间力假设的不同,产生了不同的边坡稳定安全系数求解格式,既造成计算及应用的不方便,又掩盖了各自方法的优劣。首次将现有严格极限平衡条分法对条间力的假定表示成统一形式,根据力和力矩的平衡,导出简单明了的条间力递推方程和条间力矩递推方程。根据这2个方程,通过Newton-Raphson法建立了传统意义下基于严格平衡的安全系数统一求解格式。所需有关导数均可用递推公式计算,其性质为解析解,因而计算格式具有良好的稳定性与收敛性。所有公式均为代数式,便于在工程中推广应用。 相似文献
8.
Slope stability analysis is one of the most intricate problems of geotechnical engineering because it is mathematically difficult to search the critical slip surface of earth slopes with complex strata owing to the involved multimodal function optimization problem. At present, a minimum factor of safety for a non-circular slip surface in a uniform and unreinforced earth slope can be calculated using several methods; however, for a reinforced soil slope, it cannot be easily calculated because of the additional effect of the reinforcement. One efficient method to search the critical slip surface is particle swarm optimization (PSO). PSO can solve complex non-differentiable problems, and its increasing ease of use has facilitated its application to multimodal function optimization problems in a variety of fields. However, the recommended PSO parameters to calculate the safety factors of unreinforced and reinforced soil slopes, namely the inertia and local and global best solution weighting coefficients, have not been sufficiently investigated. Moreover, the computational efficiency of PSO for safety factor calculation, including computational accuracy and time, has not been clarified. To calculate the unreinforced and reinforced soil slope safety factors, this study considers force and moment equilibriums, including the tensile force of the reinforcement. Firstly, the computational efficiency of the calculation process by PSO was shown to increase the maximum number of slip surface nodes in the calculation of the safety factor. Then, an analysis was carried out to investigate the safety factor sensitivity to the PSO parameters. Based on this analysis, appropriate PSO parameters for the safety factor calculation of unreinforced and reinforced soil slopes were proposed.
相似文献9.
A Simple Monte Carlo Method for Locating the Three-dimensional Critical Slip Surface of a Slope 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
XIE Mowen Institute of Environmental Systems Kyushu University Hakozaki -- Higashi Ku Fukuok Japan College of Resource Engineering the University of Science Technology Beijing Xueyuan Ro Haidian District Beijing China 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(6):1258-1266
Based on the assumption of the plain-strain problem, various optimization or random search methods have been developed for locating the critical slip surfaces in slope-stability analysis, but none of such methods is applicable to the 3D case. In this paper, a simple Monte Carlo random simulation method is proposed to identify the 3D critical slip surface. Assuming the initial slip to be the lower part of a slip ellipsoid, the 3D critical slip surface is located by means of a minimized 3D safety factor. A column-based 3D slope stability analysis model is used to calculate this factor. In this study, some practical cases of known minimum safety factors and critical slip surfaces in 2D analysis are extended to 3D slope problems to locate the critical slip surfaces. Compared with the 2D result, the resulting 3D critical slip surface has no apparent difference in terms of only cross section, but the associated 3D safety factor is definitely higher. 相似文献
10.
基于矢量和分析方法的边坡滑面搜索 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
基于力是矢量这个基本概念,给出了边坡矢量和法安全系数的矢量表达式。在边坡荷载已知的情况下,运用有限元法计算得到边坡真实的应力分布状态,使用矢量和法安全系数并采用优化算法中的直接法搜索边坡的临界滑面。计算结果表明,使用矢量和分析法搜索得到的临界滑面位置与极限平衡法得到的滑面位置基本吻合,且安全系数相对误差最大为2.09 %,验证了该方法在边坡稳定分析中的合理性与可靠性。矢量和分析方法与基于强度储备安全系数的分析方法不同,具有明确的物理和力学意义,且不需引入过多假设,公式简洁,易于进行三维边坡稳定分析,不需进行迭代计算,可在工程实际中得到广泛的运用。 相似文献
11.
Generalized solution procedure for automated slope stability analysis using inclined slices 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In this paper, a general method has been developed for slope stability analysis to determine the critical slip surface and
the corresponding factor of safety using inclined slices satisfying both force and moment equilibrium equations. The problem
is one of constrained nonlinear programming. The same is converted to an unconstrained one using extended penalty function
method wherein a composite function is developed by blending the objective function and the constraints. The composite function
so developed is then minimized adopting sequential unconstrained minimization technique, for a decreasing sequence of penalty
parameter. The predicted critical shear surface so obtained has been compared with the results obtained from model tests and
the theoretical values reported in critical slip surface and the corresponding minimum factor of safety.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
An analytical method is presented for analysis of slope stability involving cohesive and non-cohesive soils. Earthquake effects are considered in an approximate manner in terms of seismic coefficient-dependent forces. Two kinds of failure surfaces are considered in this study: a planar failure surface, and a circular failure surface. The proposed method can be viewed as an extension of the method of slices, but it provides a more accurate treatment of the forces because they are represented in an integral form. The factor of safety is obtained by using the minimization technique rather than by a trial and error approach used commonly. The factors of safety obtained by the analytical method are found to be in good agreement with those determined by the local minimum factor-of-safety, Bishop's, and the method of slices. The proposed method is straightforward, easy to use, and less time-consuming in locating the most critical slip surface and calculating the minimum factor of safety for a given slope. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
基于力平衡的三维边坡安全系数显式解及工程应用 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
将基于滑面正应力分布的二维极限平衡显式解法推广到三维边坡稳定性分析,提出适合一般形状空间滑面的三维边坡稳定性简便计算方法。首先,假设三维滑面正应力的初始分布,然后对其修正,使滑体满足所有力的平衡条件,导出关于安全系数的2次代数方程,最终得到三维边坡安全系数显式解。该方法克服了目前条柱法存在的一些难以解决的困难,不需要考虑条柱间作用力具体分布,满足主要平衡条件,计算过程简单。算例表明,该显式解与楔体三维极限平衡解析解完全一致,与对称三维边坡严格极限平衡解答接近。该方法已用于某重力坝坝肩三维滑体初步稳定性分析,计算结果有助于坝肩边坡的加固设计。 相似文献
14.
加筋土边坡稳定性分析的水平条分法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
加筋土是一种新型的经济可靠的边坡加固方式。针对新型加筋土边坡带来的问题和基于垂直条块划分的极限平衡方法的不足,提出了一种严格满足力与力矩的平衡的极限平衡分析方法。基于水平条块的严格条分法将滑体水平的划分成若干条块,边坡中的加筋材料产生的抗力作为附加外力作用于条块上,再应用极限平衡的思想和假设对典型条块的受力状态进行分析。根据极限平衡条件推导了边坡安全系数的隐式表达式,再通过力矩的平衡,求解条间力待定系数,进而叠代求解安全系数。说明了利用本文公式计算坡顶极限承载力的方法。该方法计算结果较经典极限平衡法结果稍大。 相似文献
15.
In this paper, the factor of safety for a prescribed slip surface will be determined from an equivalent lower bound method (extremum principle), which can satisfy all equilibrium conditions without an interslice force function. This approach will give an overall factor of safety close to that from the classical methods for normal problems, while the thrust line, the local factor of safety for individual slice/block and the progressive yielding phenomenon can be estimated, which will be useful for some special cases. The force and moment equilibrium of every slice will be satisfied, while the location of the thrust line will always be acceptable in the present formulation. To solve the difficult optimisation problem, an innovative coupled particle swarm/harmony search algorithm is proposed in this paper, and a practical engineering problem for which the factor of safety is close to 1.0 is used to illustrate the consideration of the residual strength in the limit equilibrium slope stability analysis. 相似文献
16.
Determination of the critical failure surface for slope stability analysis using ant colony optimization 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Slope stability analysis of any natural or artificial slope aims at determining the factor of safety of the slip surface that possesses the lowest factor of safety. In this study, an ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is developed to solve this factor-of-safety minimization problem. Factors of safety of slip surfaces are found by using the Morgenstern–Price method, which satisfies both force and moment equilibrium. Nonlinear equations from the Morgenstern–Price method are solved numerically by the Newton–Raphson method. In the proposed ACO algorithm, the initiation point and the shape of the slip surface are treated as the search variables. The proposed heuristic algorithm represents slip surfaces as piecewise-linear curves and solves for the optimal curve yielding the minimum factor of safety. To demonstrate its applicability and to investigate the validity and effectiveness of the algorithm, four examples with varying complexity are presented. The obtained results are compared with the available literature and are found to be in agreement. 相似文献
17.
18.
将二维均质土坡作为平面应变问题,假定滑动面是一个圆弧,将滑弧圆心与半径转变为后缘剪入点、坡脚剪出点和过后缘点滑弧切线与x轴的交点等3个点的横坐标,然后以这3个参数为变量,给定合理的取值区间,应用黄金分割法搜索二维边坡的最小稳定系数及相应的临界滑动面。进一步假定均质土坡的三维空间滑动面为一旋转椭球体,旋转椭球体的竖向中轴面和二维的圆弧面一致,给定椭球体不同的水平轴半径值,采用以上二维滑动面搜索方法可求出不同水平半径所对应的三维最小稳定系数及相应的椭球面。结果表明：边坡的三维稳定系数没有极小值,但有极限值;对于横向延伸长的无限边坡,三维稳定系数逼近二维稳定系数,当旋转椭球长轴与短轴之比大于3时,二者很接近,边坡稳定性可简化为二维来分析;对于受地形、地下水等条件约束的短边坡,三维效应明显,在考虑实际边界条件的情况下按三维来分析。 相似文献
19.
在边坡稳定性分析中,滑面搜索方法对于得到边坡的稳定性系数至关重要。现今两种常用的边坡稳定性分析方法,极限平衡法以及强度折减法,可以得到极限应力状态下边坡的潜在滑面。而为了评价边坡在当前应力场下的稳定性,提出一种基于聚类分析概念的滑面搜索方法。这种方法综合考虑了边坡各点的位移以及点安全系数,采用K均值聚类法将具有相近性质的点进行分类,把边坡体分为潜在危险区以及稳定区。潜在危险区的边界即为边坡在当前应力状态下的潜在滑面,并运用矢量和方法计算得到其稳定性系数。采用上述方法对3个算例进行验算,并与极限平衡法以及强度折减法进行对比。结果表明：（1）基于聚类分析的边坡稳定性评价方法具有较好的合理性和可靠性;（2）当边坡处于临界状态附近,通过聚类分析得到的潜在滑面与其他两种方法得到的滑面基本一致;当边坡处于较稳定状态时,当前应力状态下的潜在滑面要比强度折减法得到的滑动带范围要更深更广,但求出的稳定性系数也较高;当存在软弱夹层时,矢量和计算出的滑面更为陡峻,稳定性系数比其他两种方法的结果要小。 相似文献
20.
The effects of method of generating circular slip surfaces on determining the critical slip surface by particle swarm optimization 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
R. Kalatehjari N. Ali M. Kholghifard M. Hajihassani 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(4):1529-1539
The main objectives of slope stability analysis are evaluating factor of safety for a given slip surface and determining the critical slip surface for a given slope. Factor of safety is usually calculated by limit equilibrium method. The main steps to determine the critical slip surface are generating trial slip surfaces as probable solutions and searching among them to determine the one with the lowest factor of safety. Although the process of searching the critical slip surface received much attention between researchers, the significance of method of generating slip surfaces is seldom addressed in the literature. The authors believe that this ignorance can affect the accuracy of the results of slope stability analysis even in the simplest problems with circular slip surfaces. Consequently, this paper focused on the method of generating circular trial slip surfaces as the simplest mechanism of sliding and considered its effect on determining the critical slip surface. A new method of generating circular slip surface was presented, which is more efficient and less restricted than the conventional method. A computer program was also developed to determine the critical slip surface of slopes by using particle swarm optimization. The performances of the proposed method and developed computer program were verified during comparative studies and sensitivity analysis. Based on the results, the effect of method of generating circular slip surfaces on determining the critical slip surface was confirmed successfully. In all considered problems, the proposed method of generating circular slip surfaces led to the lower values of factor of safety compare with the conventional method. 相似文献