Fertility of Rare-Metal Peraluminous Granites and Formation Conditions of Tungsten Deposits     

L.?F.?Syritso  E.?V.?BadaninaEmail author  V.?S.?Abushkevich  E.?V.?Volkova  A.?V.?Terekhov 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2018,60(1):33-51

The tungsten distribution in rocks of the Kukulbei Complex in eastern Transbaikal region results in a high potential of rare-metal peraluminous granites (RPG) for W mineralization and displays a different behavior of W in Li–F and “standard” RPG. These subtypes differ in the behavior of W in melt, spatial localization of mineralization, and the timing of wolframite crystallization relative to the age of the parental granitic rocks. The significant of W concentration is assumed to be due to fractionation of the Li–F melt; however, wolframite mineralization in Li–F enriched granite is not typical in nature. The results of experiments and our calculations of W solubility in granitic melt show that wolframite hardly ever crystallizes directly from melt; it likely migrates in the fluid phase and is then removes from the magma chamber to the host rocks, where secondary concentration takes place in exocontact greisens and quartz–cassiterite–wolframite veins. At the same time, the isotopic age of accessory wolframite (139.5 ± 2.1 Ma) within the Orlovka massif of Li–F granite is close to the formation age of the massif (140.6 ± 2.9 Ma). A different W behavior is recorded in the RPG subtype with a low lithium and fluorine concentration, exemplified by the Spokoininsky massif. There is no significant W gain in the melt. All varieties of wolframite mineralization in the Spokoininsky massif are derived from greisens, veins, and pegmatoids yielding the same crystallization ages (139.5 ± 1.1 Ma), which are 0.9–1.8 Ma later (taking into account the mean-square weighted deviation) than the Spokoininsky granite formation (144.5 ± 1.4 Ma). Perhaps this period corresponds to the time of transition from the magmatic stage to hydrothermal alteration. Comparison of the isotope characteristics (Rb–Sr and Sm–Nd isotope systems) of rocks and the associated ore minerals (wolframite, cassiterite) from all examined deposits shows a depletion in ε_Nd values for ore minerals relative to the rock and the opposite behavior for the intial Sr isotope ratios. This may indicate the specific nature of ore matter, where the effect of the juvenile component is definitely expressed. Our geochronological results show that tantalum and tungsten mineralization took place within a narrow age interval, almost synchronously with the crystallization of associated granites. The coeval development of peraluminous magmatism enriched in lithophile rare elements and volatiles with ore complexes located in different structural settings and separated by a considerable distance from each other (up to 500 km) suggests a regional and deep-seated magma source. Rifting and increased thermal flux from the mantle, manifestations of which have been recorded during this period in the territory, may be a deep-seated process.  相似文献   

松树岗钽铌钨锡矿床石英脉的矿物学研究——云母和黑钨矿成分对热液成矿过程的制约     

薛荣  王汝成  陈光弘  车旭东  谢磊  诸泽颖 《岩石矿物学杂志》2019,38(4):507-520

矿石矿物和脉石矿物的成分演化蕴含了热液成矿过程的详细信息。本文基于岩相学观察,从云母和黑钨矿着手,利用电子探针和LA-ICP-MS分析技术,对赣东北松树岗Ta-Nb-W-Sn矿床的浅部热液成矿过程开展了研究。结果表明,松树岗矿床浅部的钨锡矿体的石英脉,从早到晚,由深至浅,可以划分为黑钨矿石英脉、锡石石英脉、硫化物石英脉和贫矿石英脉。4类石英脉中都含有早期的铁锂云母和晚期的白云母与铁的氧化物集合体,深部早期脉中的云母以铁锂云母为主,而浅部晚期脉中的云母以白云母为主。与早期铁锂云母相比,晚期白云母具有明显较低的Ti、Na、Rb、Cs、W、Nb、Zn、Li_2O含量和明显较高的Pb、Cu、B含量。从深部早期脉到浅部晚期脉,云母成分存在如下演化趋势:Ti、Na、W、Nb含量降低,Pb、Zn、Cu、Li_2O、B含量增高。不同深度的黑钨矿石英脉中含有两种不同成分的黑钨矿,属同一期演化早晚形成。相对于热液流体早期沉淀的黑钨矿,晚期黑钨矿具有明显较低的Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti、Sn、U、In、Sc含量和明显较高的Mo含量和Fe O/MnO值。云母和黑钨矿主微量元素成分的演化揭示了在松树岗矿床浅部的热液成矿早期以岩浆热液为主,晚期由于水岩反应的加强有较多围岩物质贡献。  相似文献   

Mineralization,alteration, structure,and Re–Os age of the Lanjiagou porphyry Mo deposit,North China Craton     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(10):1145-1160

Lanjiagou is a porphyry Mo deposit in terms of its alteration zonation and mineralization associated with granitic intrusions and predominance of quartz vein-hosted molybdenum mineralization. It is the largest Mo deposit in North China Craton (404,000 t). There is an intimate spatial/temporal association between all stages of mineralization and Early Jurassic granitic intrusions at Lanjiagou. Most of the molybdenum was emplaced during the principal hydrothermal (PH) stage (184.6 ± 1.3 – 185.6 ± 1.4 Ma), contemporaneously with intrusion of fine-grained porphyritic granite (188.9 ± 1.2 Ma) into a granite batholith (193 ± 3 Ma). The PH mineralization stage is mainly hosted by a quartz-dominated stockwork associated with phyllic alteration in the fine-grained porphyritic granite. This stage was followed by the late hydrothermal (LH) activity. Thick Mo-rich quartz veins were emplaced during the LH stage and cut the porphyry ore bodies. A ring breccia zone formed during the last hydrothermal stage and apparently cuts both the porphyry and the quartz vein ore bodies. The main hydrothermal vein stages have predominantly concentric and radial vein orientations centred on the ring breccia zone. Most of the concentric veins have shallow dips, whereas the radial veins are subvertical. The LH veins have predominantly NEE and NW orientations in the deposit and are moderately inclined. We surmise that the veining was controlled by the local stress regime generated by the intrusion of a large, deep pluton that we interpreted to be the source of the granites, the breccia zone, and the molybdenum mineralization. Resurgence within the magma chamber reactivated the steep concentric structures in a reverse sense, and accumulation of magmatic and/or fluid pressure resulted in explosive brecciation, producing the ring breccia zone. A predominantly late set of NW-trending, post-ore felsic dikes, associated with the regional structures, are a consequence of far-field stresses exceeding local stresses in the deposit.  相似文献   

Composite synvolcanic intrusions associated with Precambrian VMS-related hydrothermal systems   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Alan?G.?GalleyEmail author 《Mineralium Deposita》2003,38(4):443-473

Large subvolcanic intrusions are recognized within most Precambrian VMS camps. Of these, 80% are quartz diorite–tonalite–trondhjemite composite intrusions. The VMS camps spatially associated with composite intrusions account for >90% of the aggregate sulfide tonnage of all the Precambrian, intrusion-related VMS camps. These low-alumina, low-K, and high-Na composite intrusions contain early phases of quartz diorite and tonalite, followed by more voluminous trondhjemite. They have a high proportion of high silica (>74% SiO ₂) trondhjemite which is compositionally similar to the VMS-hosting rhyolites within the volcanic host-rock successions. The quartz-diorite and possibly tonalite phases follow tholeiitic fractionation trends whereas the trondhjemites fall within the composition field for primitive crustal melts. These transitional M-I-type primitive intrusive suites are associated with extensional regimes within oceanic-arc environments. Subvolcanic composite intrusions related to the Archean Sturgeon Lake and Noranda, and Paleoproterozoic Snow Lake VMS camps range in volume from 300 to 1,000 km ³. Three have a sill morphology with strike lengths between 15 and 22 km and an average thickness between 1,500 and 2,000 m. The fourth has a gross stock-like shape. The VMS deposits are principally restricted to the volcanic strata above the strike length of the intrusions, as are areally extensive, thin exhalite units. The composite intrusions contain numerous internal phases which are commonly clustered within certain parts of the composite intrusion. These clusters underlie eruptive centers surrounded by areas of hydrothermal alteration and which contain most of the VMS deposits. Early quartz-diorite and tonalite phases appear to have intruded in rapid succession. Evidence includes gradational contacts, magma mixing and disequilibrium textures. They appear to have been emplaced as sill-dike swarms. These early phases are present as pendants and xenoliths within later trondhjemite phases. The trondhjemite phases contain numerous internal contacts indicating emplacement as composite sills. Common structural features of the composite intrusions include early xenolith phases, abundant small comagmatic dikes, fractures and veins and, in places, columnar jointing. Internal phases may differ greatly in texture from fine- to coarse-grained, aphyric and granophyric through seriate to porphyritic. Mineralogical and isotopic evidence indicates that early phases of each composite intrusion are affected by pervasive to fracture-controlled high-temperature (350–450 °C) alteration reflecting seawater-rock interaction. Trondhjemite phases contain hydrothermal-magmatic alteration assemblages within miarolitic cavities, hydrothermal breccias and veins. This hydrothermal-magmatic alteration may, in part, be inherited from previously altered wall rocks. Two of the four intrusions are host to Cu-Mo-rich intrusive breccias and porphyry-type mineralization which formed as much as 14 Ma after the main subvolcanic magmatic activity. The recognition of these Precambrian, subvolcanic composite intrusions is important for greenfields VMS exploration, as they define the location of thermal corridors within extensional oceanic-arc regimes which have the greatest potential for significant VMS mineralization. The VMS mineralization may occur for 2,000 m above the intrusions. In some cases, VMS mineralization has been truncated or enveloped by late trondhjemite phases of the composite intrusions. Evidence that much of the trondhjemitic magmatism postdates the principal VMS activity is a critical factor when developing heat and fluid flow models for these subseafloor magmatic-hydrothermal systems.  相似文献   

Fluid inclusion study of the Ballinglen W-Sn-sulphide mineralization, SE Ireland     

C. O'Reilly  V. Gallagher  M. Feely 《Mineralium Deposita》1997,32(6):569-580

Scheelite-mineralized microtonalite sheets occur on the SE margin of the end-Caledonian Leinster Granite in SE Ireland. Scheelite, polymetallic sulphides and minor cassiterite occur in veins in the microtonalites, disseminated throughout the greisened microtonalite sheets and in the adjacent wallrocks. Two major mineralized vein types occur in the microtonalite sheets: (1) Scheelite ± arsenopyrite ± pyrrhotite occur in quartz-fluorite veins, generally without a muscovite selvage; (2) Sphalerite ± chalcopyrite ± pyrite ± galena ± cassiterite ± stannite occur in quartz + fluorite veins with a coarse muscovite selvage and are often intergrown with the muscovite. Quartz-hosted fluid inclusions were examined from representative samples of both vein types using petrographic, microthermometric and laser Raman spectroscopic techniques. Three distinct types of fluid inclusions have been recognized. Primary, vapour rich Type 1 inclusions in quartz from the scheelite-mineralized veins are of H₂O-CO₂-CH₄-N₂ ± H₂S ± NaCl composition and formed between 360–530 °C. Primary and secondary, liquid-rich Type 2 fluid inclusions in the base metal sulphide-mineralized veins are of H₂O-CH₄-N₂ ± H₂S-NaCl composition and formed between 340–480 °C. They also occur as pseudosecondary and secondary inclusions in scheelite-mineralized veins. Late dilute, low temperature H₂O-NaCl + KCl fluid inclusions may be related to late-Caledonian convection of meteoric waters around the cooling Leinster Granite batholith. Received: 4 September 1996 / Accepted: 23 May 1997  相似文献   

关于“小岩体为什么有利于成矿”的探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张旗 《甘肃地质》2013,22(4):1-7

2012年在西安召开了一次学术会议,系统地总结了小岩体成大矿的现象和理论。笔者从另一个方面探讨小岩体成矿的理论问题．但是仅涉及与花岗岩有关的小岩体成矿问题,不涉及镁铁和超镁铁质小岩体成矿的问题。关于岩体与成矿的关系,可以从3个层面上去探讨：第一个层面是小岩体成大矿。小岩体成大矿是事实,也是特殊的事实。绝大多数小岩体不成矿,少数小岩体成小矿,个别小岩体成大矿。第二个层面是小岩浆大流体成矿,基本思想是：小岩浆无流体不成矿,小岩浆有小流体成小矿,小岩浆有大流体成大矿。因此,笔者认为成矿的根本在于流体的大小。第三个层面是流体成矿。如果不考虑岩体的因素,只要有大流体即可成大矿。文中指出,从小岩体成大矿,到小岩浆大流体成矿,到流体成矿。表明成矿的本质在流体,无流体不成矿,有流体才可能成矿。流体是成矿的必要条件．温度是成矿的充分条件,二者缺一不可,只有满足了这两个条件才能成矿。  相似文献   

吉林小西南岔金-铜矿床成矿流体地球化学特征及矿床成因研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

王可勇  卿敏  孙丰月  万多  王力  李向文 《岩石学报》2010,26(12):3727-3734

小西南岔金-铜矿床产于海西期花岗闪长岩-石英闪长岩体之中,其矿化类型以石英大脉及石英细脉带型金-铜矿化为主,局部地段叠加发育有石英脉型辉钼矿化。流体包裹体研究结果表明,矿区金-铜矿脉及辉钼矿脉石英中均主要发育含NaCl子矿物三相、气相-富气相及气液两相三种类型的原生流体包裹体,同类包裹体均一温度、盐度等参数相近,显示两类矿化成矿流体具有相似的地球化学性质,氢-氧同位素研究结果反映它们均主要来源于岩浆热液。辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年研究表明区内辉钼矿化主要发生于109Ma±,而金-铜矿脉石英的40Ar-39Ar同位素定年结果表明金-铜矿化则主要发生于123.35±0.8Ma。结合矿区已有的岩浆岩年代学研究成果,提出小西南岔矿区金-铜矿化主要与燕山晚期细粒(花岗)闪长岩活动有关,而辉钼矿化则与其后侵位的隐伏花岗斑岩活动有关的认识。  相似文献   

Mineralization and fluid evolution of the Jiyuan polymetallic Cu–Ag–Pb–Zn–Au deposit,eastern Tianshan,NW China     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(7):816-832

The newly discovered Jiyuan Cu–Ag–(Pb–Zn–Au) deposit is located in the southern section of the eastern Tianshan orogenic belt, Xinjiang, northwestern China. It is the first documented deposit in the large Aqikekuduke Ag–Cu–Au belt in the eastern Tianshan orogen. Detailed field observations, parageneses, and fluid inclusion studies suggest an epithermal ore genesis for the main Cu–Ag mineralization, accompanied by a complicated hydrothermal alteration history most likely associated with the multi-stage tectonic evolution of the eastern Tianshan. The Jiyuan Cu–Ag ore bodies are located along the EW-striking, south-dipping Aqikekuduke fault and are hosted by Precambrian marble and intercalated siliceous rocks. Early-stage skarn alteration occurred along the contact zone between the marble layers and Early Carboniferous diorite–granodiorite and monzogranite intrusions; the skarns are characterized by diopside–tremolite–andradite–pyrite–(magnetite) assemblages. Local REE-enriched synchysite–rutile–arsenopyrite–(clinochlorite–microcline–albite) assemblages are related to K–Na alteration associated with the monzogranite intrusions and formed under conditions of high temperature (310°C) and high salinity (19.9 wt.% NaCl). Subsequent hydrothermal alteration produced a series of quartz and calcite veins that precipitated from medium- to low-temperature saline fluids. These include early ‘smoky’ quartz veins (190°C; 3.0 wt.% NaCl) that are commonly barren, coarse-grained Cu–Ag mineralized quartz veins (210°C; 2.4 wt.% NaCl), and late-stage unmineralized calcite veins (140°C; 1.1 wt.% NaCl). Tremolite and Ca-rich scapolite veins formed at an interval between early and mineralized quartz veins, indicating a high-temperature, high-salinity (>500°C; 9.5 wt.% NaCl) Ca alteration stage. Fluid mixing may have played an important role during Cu–Ag mineralization and an external low-temperature Ca-rich fluid is inferred to have evolved in the ore-forming system. The Jiyuan auriferous quartz veins possess fluid characteristics distinct from those of the Cu–Ag mineralized quartz veins. CO₂-rich fluid inclusions, fluid boiling, and mixing all demonstrate that these auriferous quartz veins acted as hosts for the orogenic-type gold mineralization, a common feature in the Tianshan orogenic belt.  相似文献   

赣南漂塘钨矿流体包裹体研究   总被引：24，自引：7，他引：17  

王旭东  倪培  蒋少涌  黄建宝  孙立强 《岩石学报》2008,24(9):2163-2170

赣南是我国最重要的钨矿产地,漂塘钨矿是赣南的一个重要的大型石英脉型黑钨矿床,含矿石英脉具有多阶段矿化的特征。本文采用“流体包裹体组合”（FIA）,这一国际上近年来提出的适用于多阶段流体活动的包裹体研究新方法,对漂塘钨矿主成矿阶段,即黑钨矿-锡石-硫化物-石英脉阶段的含矿石英脉中流体包裹体进行岩相学和显微测温研究,并运用显微激光拉曼光谱测试技术对不同流体包裹体组合（FIA）中单个流体包裹体成分进行测试。结果表明,主成矿阶段具有明显的两期流体活动特征,流体组分主要为水溶液,不含或只含少量的CO2。  相似文献   

Geochemistry of cassiterite and wolframite from tin and tungsten quartz veins in Portugal     

A.M.R. Neiva   《Ore Geology Reviews》2008,33(3-4):221-238

Cassiterite and wolframite compositions from Sn > W- and W > Sn-bearing quartz veins in Northern and Central Portugal are compared to provide evidence on fluid compositions. In Sn > W-bearing quartz veins, euhedral cassiterite shows sequences of alternating parallel darker and lighter zones. The darker zones are pleochroic, oscillatory zoned, exhibit exsolutions of columbite and ixiolite and are richer in Nb, Ta and Fe than the lighter zones which consist of nearly pure SnO₂. Cassiterite from W > Sn-bearing quartz veins is usually zoned, with homogeneous and slightly pleochroic darker zones, which are chemically similar to lighter zones. Both zones have inclusions of rutile and rare ilmenite. The darker zones of cassiterite from the former veins are richer in Nb, Ta and Fe contents and poorer in Ti than the darker and lighter zones of cassiterite from the latter veins. This is attributed to differences in the composition of magmatic hydrothermal fluids.Wolframite compositions from Sn > W- and W > Sn-bearing quartz veins do not show any significant distinction, because they precipitate from relatively similar magmatic hydrothermal fluids. In some deposits, most wolframite crystals are homogeneous, but others are heterogeneous. Inner patches, rich in a hübnerite component, rarely occur in crystals from the Filharoso and Panasqueira deposits. Zoned crystals, showing an increase in Fe and a decrease in Mn from core to rim, were found in the Vale das Gatas deposit. Complex oscillatory zoned crystals occur. In the Carris deposit, later wolframite contains inclusions of scheelite, partially replaces it and is richer in Fe and poorer in Mn than earlier wolframite. Wolframite from Sn > W-bearing quartz veins in the Argozelo deposit and W > Sn-bearing quartz veins from Vale das Gatas and Panasqueira deposits has significant Nb content. This does not depend on the Fe and Mn content of the wolframite, but W content is negatively correlated with Nb content. Only very rare single crystals of wolframite show an increase in W and a decrease in Nb from core to rim. Sn > W-bearing quartz veins contain wolframite poorer in Nb than the darker zones of cassiterite, which exsolved columbite and ixiolite. In W > Sn-bearing quartz veins from Panasqueira and Vale das Gatas, the wolframite has a higher Nb content than the cassiterite, which contains rutile inclusions enriched in Nb, because cassiterite and wolframite are derived from two distinct magmatic hydrothermal fluids of different age. The fluid responsible for wolframite precipitation will have a similar composition to that resulting from the evolution of the fluid responsible for cassiterite precipitation in the Sn > W-bearing quartz veins.  相似文献   

Infrared microthermometric and stable isotopic study of fluid inclusions in wolframite at the Xihuashan tungsten deposit,Jiangxi province,China   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Wenfeng?Wei  Ruizhong?HuEmail author  Xianwu?Bi  Jiantang?Peng  Wenchao?Su  Shengqiong?Song  Shaohua?Shi 《Mineralium Deposita》2012,47(6):589-605

The Xihuashan tungsten deposit, Jiangxi province, China, is a world-class vein-type ore deposit hosted in Cambrian strata and Mesozoic granitic intrusions. There are two major sets of subparallel ore-bearing quartz veins. The ore mineral assemblage includes wolframite and molybdenite, with minor amounts of arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite. There are only two-phase aqueous-rich inclusions in wolframite but at least three major types of inclusions in quartz: two- or three-phase CO₂-rich inclusions, two-phase pure CO₂ inclusions and two-phase aqueous inclusions, indicating boiling. Fluid inclusions in wolframite have relatively higher homogenization temperatures and salinities (239–380°C, 3.8–13.7 wt.% NaCl equiv) compared with those in quartz (177–329°C, 0.9–8.1 wt.% NaCl equiv). These distinct differences suggest that those conventional microthermometric data from quartz are not adequate to explain the ore formation process. Enthalpy–salinity plot shows a linear relationship, implying mixing of different sources of fluids. Although boiling occurred during vein-type mineralization, it seems negligible for wolframite deposition. Mixing is the dominant mechanism of wolframite precipitation in Xihuashan. δ³⁴S values of the sulfides range from −1.6 to +0.1‰, indicative of a magmatic source of sulfur. δ¹⁸O values of wolframite are relatively homogeneous, ranging from +4.8‰ to +6.3‰. Oxygen isotope modeling of boiling and mixing processes also indicates that mixing of two different fluids was an important mechanism in the precipitation of wolframite.  相似文献   

Thermodynamic model of the formation of ore bodies at the Akchatau wolframite greisen-vein deposit   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

A. Yu. Bychkov  S. S. Matveeva 《Geochemistry International》2008,46(9):867-886

The Akchatau wolframite deposit in central Kazakhstan is a typical greisen deposit. Extensive geological and geochemical data, including those on numerous geochemical signatures (isotopic composition of O, H, C, noble gases, data on fluid inclusions, REE, and others) allowed us to decipher the physicochemical conditions and main factors that caused metasomatism and ore formation. Physicochemical modeling by the HCh program package (designed by Yu.B. Shvarov) was applied to reconstruct the composition of the greisenizing solution, cooling, boiling, interaction with granites; condensation of the gas phase; and fluid mixing. The predominant species of W transfer, (NaHWO _{4 aq} ⁰ ), and precipitation factors were determined. In small ore bodies, precipitation was caused by a temperature decrease. The precipitation of wolframite in near-vein greisens is related to the interaction of boiling highly mineralized solutions with host granites. Boiling does not affect wolframite precipitation but increases the content and ore potential of the greisenizing fluids, facilitating the formation of high-grade wolframite ores. In the filling veins of these bodies, ore precipitation is related to the dilution of solutions by weakly mineralized exogenic waters and the condensate of the gas phase. Tungsten mineralization of the Akchatau deposit was formed in an oxidizing environment, which is controlled by granite minerals during mobilization of ore components.  相似文献   

锡石年代学和黑钨矿微量元素对湘东鸡冠石钨矿床的成因约束     

熊峥嵘  李信念  祁程  熊伊曲 《岩石学报》2021,37(3):769-780

钨是我国传统的优势金属矿产,同时也是国家高新技术领域不可或缺的战略性关键矿产之一。鸡冠石矿床是近年湘东邓阜仙地区新发现的一处钨矿床,具有良好的钨锡多金属资源前景,但其成矿时代和成因尚不清楚。本文在详细的矿床地质特征观察基础上,选取鸡冠石钨矿床中黑钨矿和锡石开展原位LA-ICP-MS微量元素分析和U-Pb定年研究,并将该矿床与相邻矿床进行对比研究。结果显示:1)与黑钨矿密切共生的锡石U-Pb Tera-Wasserburg反等时线年龄为153.2±1.8Ma(MSWD=1.15),与湘东钨矿床晚侏罗世钨锡成矿时代吻合;2)鸡冠石钨矿床紧邻湘东钨矿床北组脉,且矿脉产状和形态等特征也类似;3)鸡冠石矿床中黑钨矿也与湘东钨矿床北组脉典型特征类似,黑钨矿HREE总量和标准化后的REE配分曲线与湘东钨矿床第一期黑钨矿的特征相似。黑钨矿稀土总量对比研究指示成矿流体可能是从湘东钨矿流向鸡冠石钨矿。综合鸡冠石钨矿床与湘东钨矿床紧密的时空关系以及相似的矿床特征,本文认为鸡冠石矿床为一个与晚侏罗世花岗岩有关的岩浆期后热液矿床,同时黑钨矿微量元素特征指示该矿床可能形成于一个富挥发分、低p H和高Eh的流体环境中。  相似文献   

浅谈岿美山钨矿成矿规律及找矿方向   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李常青 《矿产与地质》2010,24(2):136-140

岿美山钨矿包括西部含黑钨石英脉组及南部矽卡岩白钨矿体,探矿均未超过500m标高以下范围;经过几十年的生产实践和对深、边部的勘探,认为石英脉型黑钨矿向南西方向侧伏明显,内接触带中有大量石英脉,且有不同程度矿化,有二次成矿的条件,砂包常见。指出矿区西部及北东、南东方向有找矿潜力。  相似文献   

粤北白水寨石英脉型钨矿床地质特征及找矿前景     

李创举 《大地构造与成矿学》2017,41(4):698-709

英德白水寨钨矿床位于粤北钨多金属成矿带雪山嶂矿田内,是近年来新发现的石英脉型钨矿床,初步探明储量已达中型规模。矿区浅部发育白钨矿线脉-细网脉密集带,往深部演化成黑钨矿细脉带,并在钙质地层发育地段形成了白钨矿体。与典型的石英脉型钨矿相比,该矿床具有浅部线细网-细脉带钨矿物"上白钨矿下黑钨矿"、发育细网脉与矽卡岩共存的白钨矿(化)体、矿石矿物组合中出现大量黄铁矿的特征,但总体属于石英脉型钨矿床,深部含矿岩浆热液是成矿的重要条件。详细的野外勘探资料显示,该矿床已具有"五层楼"成矿规律的雏形,物探成果指示深部岩体埋深0.5~1.2 km,而地表-浅部矿化带处于"五层楼"模式的细网脉标志带-细脉带的空间位置,矿区深部勘查脉带型钨矿有很大空间。  相似文献   

U-Pb dating of scheelite,wolframite and apatite from the Woxi Au-Sb-W deposit,western Hunan Province and their geological significanceSCIEI北大核心CSCD     

祝亚男  彭建堂  邢朗彰  唐燕文 《岩石学报》2023,(6):1829-1846

沃溪矿床位于湘西雪峰隆起区的转折部位,是该区金锑钨矿床的典型代表。该矿床成矿元素及成矿期次较为复杂,各成矿阶段的形成时代长期存在争议。本次研究在对沃溪矿床详细野外调查及岩相学观察的基础上,对深部中段矿体中的白钨矿、磷灰石及浅部中段矿体中的黑钨矿开展了U-Pb同位素分析。依据本次所获年龄数据,结合观察到的矿脉交切关系、矿物共生组合等特征,本文认为沃溪矿床除了加里东期成矿作用之外,还存在燕山期成矿作用。其中,白钨矿形成相对较早,成矿年龄为149.0±12Ma、144.8±1.7Ma、139.8±6.1Ma;黑钨矿与白钨矿同时生成(或稍晚),成矿年龄为137.8±3.9Ma、134.8±5.1Ma;自然金、辉锑矿主要在白钨矿、黑钨矿形成以后通过沉淀而成,且自然金在晚阶段(125.8±5.6Ma、123.8±4.6Ma)石英-碳酸盐脉中仍有少量产出。综合已有年代学资料推测,沃溪矿床可能在经历了加里东期陆内造山成矿作用之后,还经受了燕山期伸展构造背景下深部流体不同程度的叠加改造作用。而该矿床发现的矿脉原地破裂后被后期矿物胶结等现象,则指示其矿脉的形成与液压致裂作用有关,这种作用导致矿脉反复裂开-愈合,有利于成矿元素(尤其是金)的活化迁移和再富集沉淀。  相似文献   

The relationship between Archaean gold mineralization and spatially associated minor intrusions at the Kambalda and Norseman gold camps,western Australia: Lead isotope evidence     

C. S. Perring  N. J. McNaughton 《Mineralium Deposita》1992,27(1):10-22

Many Archaean mesothermal gold deposits are spatially associated with felsic to lamprophyric minor intrusions and it has been suggested that magmatic processes related to such intrusions may be important in the genesis of these deposits. A comparison of the Pb-isotopic signature of gold-related galenas from Kambalda and Norseman with that of spatially associated minor intrusions (at the time of mineralization) indicates that the ore-fluid Pb cannot have been derived solely from the intrusions or their source regions. For both study areas, the galena Pb-isotopic compositions are bracketed by those of local volcanic (mafic) and intrusive (largely felsic) rock types. This is consistent with the ore fluid having derived metallic components from the crust (or crustally derived granitic rocks) and the mantle (or mantle-derived rocks of the greenstone succession) via metamorphic dewatering or mantle/crustal degassing. Interaction of granite-derived magmatic fluids with greenstone lithologies could plausibly produce a similar array of Pb-isotopic signatures. The Norseman data, as a whole, are more radiogenic than the Kambalda data for broadly synchronous mineralization, reflecting the greater abundance of older granitic rocks with respect to mafic/ultramafic rocks in the Norseman district. The provinciality exhibited by the Pb-isotopic composition of the ore fluid indicates that the gold-mineralizing process formed galena whose Pb-isotopic composition was very sensitive to local variations in crustal Pb-isotopic composition, either within the source region of the fluid or along fluid conduits.  相似文献   

闪长岩类侵入体中改造型金矿床形成分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

梁华英  莫测辉 《地质与勘探》2000,36(1):17-19

赋金闪长岩类侵入体主要发育于褶皱带中,形成时代在晋宁期至印支期,金矿主要以石英硫化物型主于岩体硫碎带中,成矿时期在印支期到喜山期之间,成岩成矿之间存在巨大时关茂矿物质主要来自岩体及含金沉积岩系,成矿流体以大握降水及建造水为主。闪长岩类侵入体中的金矿床主要是改造作用形成的。  相似文献   

The Dublin Gulch intrusion-hosted gold deposit, Tombstone plutonic suite, Yukon Territory, Canada   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Terri L. Maloof  Timothy Baker  John F. Thompson 《Mineralium Deposita》2001,36(6):583-593

The Dublin Gulch intrusion is a member of the Tombstone plutonic suite, a linear belt of middle Cretaceous intrusions that extend across the Yukon Territory. Like many of the intrusions in this suite, the Dublin Gulch intrusion is associated with several different zones of gold and tungsten mineralization, within and immediately adjacent to the intrusion. The Eagle zone (50.3 Mt @ 0.93 g/t gold), located in the southwestern part of the Dublin Gulch intrusion, hosts the most significant concentration of gold in the area. The gold occurs in a broadly east-west-striking, steeply south-dipping series of sheeted veins. The veins consist of early quartz-scheelite-pyrrhotite-pyrite-arsenopyrite, and are associated with K-feldspar-albite alteration envelopes. These grade out to and are overprinted by sericite-carbonate-chlorite alteration. The same assemblage also occurs in veinlets that refracture sheeted quartz veins and contain the majority of the gold. The gold occurs with molybdenite, lead-bismuth-antimony sulfosalts, galena, and bismuthinite. Gold correlates strongly with bismuth (r²=0.9), a relationship common to several intrusion-related gold deposits, but has a poor correlation with all other elements. Tungsten and molybdenum have a weak inter-element correlation (r²=0.55) and paragenetically pre-date the majority of gold precipitation. Lead, zinc, copper, silver, antimony, and arsenic have moderate to strong inter-element correlations (0.58 to 0.93). The change from tungsten-bearing mineralization through to gold-bismuth-rich ores with elevated syn- to post-ore lead, zinc, copper, silver, antimony, and arsenic can be grossly correlated with a change in hydrothermal fluid composition. Early scheelite-bearing quartz contains primary CO₂-rich fluid inclusions, which are post-dated by secondary inclusions with higher salinities (up to 15 wt% NaCl equiv.) and less CO₂. These latter inclusions are interpreted to coincide with the later gold-bismuth and base metal mineralization. The favored genetic model is one in which early CO₂-rich fluids exsolved from a magma with an initially high CO₂ content, but progressively became more saline and H₂O-rich as the system evolved.  相似文献   

西华山钨矿床共生透明矿物与不透明矿物中流体包裹体的对比研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

黄惠兰  常海亮  李芳  张春红  谭靖  周云 《矿床地质》2012,31(6):1171-1183

西华山钨矿床是一个产于燕山期花岗岩中的大脉型钨矿床。笔者利用红外显微镜、冷热台及其他相关设备对矿床中的透明矿物(石英、绿柱石和萤石)与不透明矿物(黑钨矿、黄铁矿)中的流体包裹体进行了对比研究。结果显示,共生透明矿物与不透明矿物之间,在包裹体均一温度等特征上既可基本相同又可出现很大差异。一般来说,黑钨矿能有效地保存原生流体包裹体(t_h=300～420℃;晶洞中为220～290℃),仅有少量次生包裹体(t_h=160～280℃),而与之共生的石英中原生包裹体则几乎被破坏殆尽,现在所见到的包裹体绝大多数是次生的或是在较晚结晶时捕获的(t_h=130～270℃)。只有未经后期应力作用和流体改造的晶洞水晶及与其共生的黑钨矿,二者获得的结果才相同或相似。绿柱石中通常有大量的次生包裹体和原生包裹体。黑钨矿与绿柱石中硅酸盐熔融包裹体的出现,表明西华山钨矿床的成矿作用始于岩浆-热液过渡阶段,其初始成矿流体是一种岩浆-热液过渡性流体,尔后才演变成单一的热水溶液。笔者认为,在进行金属矿床流体包裹体研究时,应强调共生透明矿物与不透明矿物的对比研究,在进行对比研究时,详尽的基础地质研究和包裹体岩相学观察必不可少;当单独利用透明矿物包裹体资料对金属矿床进行地质解释时,需慎之又慎。  相似文献