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和田河气田奥陶系碳酸盐岩成岩作用及孔隙演化 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层是塔里木盆地和田河气田的主要产层，受成岩作用的改造非常强烈。通过对岩心、普通薄片、铸体薄片、阴极发光、碳氧同位素、微量元素和流体包裹体等多种资料进行综合研究，详细阐述了主要成岩作用的形成机理及其产物，分析了其对储层的影响和成岩序列。胶结作用和压实作用是原生孔隙和部分次生孔隙的主要破坏者；溶蚀（岩溶）作用、压溶作用、破裂作用和白云石化作用是次生孔隙的主要建造者，它们产生的溶孔、溶洞和裂缝是天然气的主要储集空间和运移通道。成岩作用是该储层物性的主要控制因素，它控制了孔隙的演化过程。 相似文献
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塔西南坳陷碎屑储集岩成岩环境及成岩作用类型 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
碎屑储集岩的成岩环境是控制成岩作用类型的主要因素。根据有机质演化特征、古地温和孔隙介质的酸碱性特征,可将其划分为酸性和碱性两种成岩环境。酸性成岩环境主要分布在早成岩阶段Ａ、Ｂ期和晚成岩阶段Ａ期,古地温＜９０℃,镜煤反射率ＲＯ值在０．５％～１．３％,其所控制的成岩作用包括压实、压溶作用,胶结作用和溶解作用。碱性成岩环境主要分布在晚成岩阶段Ｂ期以后,这时古地温达到９０℃以上,ＲＯ为１．３％～２％,主要成岩作用类型包括强烈的晚期含铁碳酸岩交代作用、自生伊利石和自生绿泥石沉淀作用、陆源伊利石重结晶成绢云母、高岭石向伊利石或绿泥石转变以及构造应力作用等。不同成岩环境中由于成岩作用组合特征的不同,导致碎屑储集岩的结构和孔隙组合特征上的差异,从而影响了储层的储集性能 相似文献
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碳酸盐岩成岩作用与孔隙演化 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：20
在总结我国碳酸盐岩沉积和成岩基本特征的基础上,阐明有利于孔隙形成的白云石化、去膏、去云化、淡水和埋藏溶解等作用,以及破坏性成岩作用的特征和识别标志。成岩地质体是成岩环境的产物,可根据成岩组构、地球化学和发光特征等加以鉴别。成岩模式是成岩组合、成岩特征和孔隙演化的总概括,以滩相成岩模式展示了成岩相与孔隙的关系。 相似文献
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论文通过对济阳坳陷东营凹陷碳酸盐岩储层成岩作用分析,在碳酸盐储集岩中识别出了9种成岩作用,进行了成岩阶段的划分,结合成岩作用、孔隙演化和孔隙充填,建立了不同成岩期的成岩作用类型、孔隙演变及其它们间的相互关系,提出了6种成岩相.研究认为不同的成岩相对储层建设性起着不同的作用,白云岩化作用、溶蚀作用、去白云石化作用、构造破裂作用和流体充注作用对优质储层的形成与破坏起着非常重要的控制作用.研究成果对于陆相碳酸盐岩成岩作用的研究具有一定的参考价值. 相似文献
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鲁西隆起区奥陶系碳酸盐岩成岩作用及其对储集性的控制作用 总被引：13，自引：5，他引：8
以鲁西隆起区奥陶系碳酸盐岩沉积旋回与不整合面分析为基础, 应用薄片、铸体和阴极发光等室内分析技术, 对其成岩作用、成岩序列、孔隙演化及其特征进行了详细研究。研究区的成岩作用分为两类: 建设性成岩作用和破坏性成岩作用, 前者包括白云石化、压溶、去石膏化、溶蚀和破裂等作用; 后者以重结晶、胶结、压实、硅化和充填作用为主。奥陶系碳酸盐岩经历了多期次和多种类型的成岩作用演化, 与马家沟组相比, 三山子组多经历了一次其沉积后的短期表生和随后的埋藏作用。三山子组白云岩、马家沟组东黄山段、土峪段和阁庄段粉细晶白云岩以及八陡段不整合面以下的溶蚀角砾岩段发育次生孔洞缝系统, 是较为有利的储集层段。 相似文献
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塔中×号构造区石炭系“东河砂岩段”成岩作用与孔隙演化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以“东河砂岩段”为重点，对其岩石学特征、成岩作用和孔隙演化进行了综合研究，确立了成岩作用类型，并划分了成岩阶段，运用大量统计资料分析了在不同成岩阶段和层序中各类孔隙含量变化和组合形式，探讨了成岩作用对孔隙演化的改造及孔隙演化中的影响因素，其结果用于说明孔隙变化对储层评价的影响。 相似文献
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基于大量的薄片及岩心观察,运用电镜扫描、X射线衍射、物性分析、铸体压汞等手段,对寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层进行了研究,探讨了成岩作用特征及孔隙演化模式.表明灰岩和白云岩为碳酸盐岩储层的主要岩石类型,以孔、缝、洞为主要储集空间,由于受连通性以及充填作用的影响,构造裂缝的储集性能更为优越.储层基质孔隙差,白云石化作用、溶蚀作用、压实和压溶作用、胶结及充填作用以及构造作用为区内主要的成岩作用类型.碳酸盐岩孔隙演化主要经历了两个阶段:早期原生孔隙形成与收缩阶段、中晚期的次生缝、孔、洞发育与充填阶段;早期碳酸盐岩沉积时孔隙大,经初期成岩和埋藏后,失去了主要孔渗性能;中晚期的次生缝、孔、洞十分发育,但充填严重,晚期的构造缝及溶蚀孔、洞被部分保存. 相似文献
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彭滩-杨井地区长2主力层砂岩岩石学、成岩作用、孔隙类型研究表明：该区长2储层岩石类型以长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主,成分和结构成熟度均较低,主要经历的成岩作用有压实作用、胶结作用、交代作用和溶解作用。根据砂岩成岩作用特征,结合其埋藏深度、岩石古地温、有机质成熟度等分析资料及岩石结构、孔隙类型特征,长2主力层主要处于晚成岩A期成岩阶段。 相似文献
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Asma A. Ghaznavi Mohammad Masroor Alam Zuhi Khan A. H. M. Ahmad 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(14):387
The detrital mineralogy as well as diagenetic characters of the Dhosa Sandstone Member of Chari Formation exposed at the Lerdome, south of Bhuj was studied. In order to assess the potential of the Dhosa Sandstone as a reservoir, it is substantial to understand the diagenetic processes that are controlled largely by post-depositional cementation and compaction in addition to framework composition and original depositional textures. The petrologic analysis of 33 thin sections was carried out to discern primary composition and diagenetic features including primary and secondary porosity patterns. Monocrystalline quartz dominates the detrital mineralogy followed by polycrystalline quartz. Among the polycrystalline variety recrystallized metamorphic quartz surpasses stretched metamorphic quartz in terms of abundance. Feldspars comprise microcline and plagioclase where the former is dominant over the latter. Orthoclase too comprises a very small percentage. Mica, chert, rock fragments, and heavies form the remaining detrital constituent in descending order of their constituent percentage. The diagenetic precipitates are mainly carbonate (8.30%) and iron (7.80%) followed by clay (0.66%) and silica (0.88%) that are minor constituent of the total cementing material. The main paragenetic events identified are early cementation, mechanical compaction, late cementation, dissolution, and authigenesis of clays. The overall reservoir quality seems to be controlled by compaction and authigenic carbonate cementation. The minus cement porosity average 29.4%. The porosity loss due to compaction is 21.92% and by cementation is 29.71%. The loss of original porosity was due to early cementation followed by moderate mechanical compaction during shallow burial. Preservation of available miniscule primary porosity was ascribed to dissolution of carbonates and quartz overgrowth which resisted chemical compaction during deep burial. The studied sandstones may have low reservoir quality owing to existing porosity of less than 9%. More carbonate dissolution and its transformation in dolomite in sub-surface condition and macro-fracture porosity may result in enhanced secondary porosity and good diagenetic traps. 相似文献
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雪峰山西侧地区下古生界中—上寒武统和震旦系灯影组白云岩是潜在的重要油气储集层。作为主要目的层段,本区的白云岩类型主要包括结晶白云岩、残余颗粒白云岩、灰质白云岩和藻白云岩四大类。白云岩储层总体上均属于低—特低孔、低—特低渗储层。影响储层发育的成岩事件包括重结晶作用、白云岩化作用、溶蚀作用、破裂作用等。研究表明,白云岩结晶程度可以影响其初始孔隙的发育程度,具粉晶—细晶结晶程度的白云岩具有最好的孔渗性。白云岩化作用的强弱对储层物性具有较为直接的影响。最佳白云岩储层中主要储集空间包括晶间孔隙(包括剩余晶间孔和晶间溶蚀孔)、次生溶孔、洞和裂缝。总体上,较强的白云岩化作用、一定程度的重结晶、较发育的微裂缝、较好的区域渗透性、晚期压溶缝合线发育和晚期较大构造缝不发育等因素有利于白云岩储层的发育。 相似文献
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雪峰山西侧地区下古生界中-上寒武统和震旦系灯影组白云岩是潜在的重要油气储集层。作为主要目的层段．本区的白云岩类型主要包括结晶白云岩、残余颗粒白云岩、灰质白云岩和藻白云岩四大类。白云岩储层总体上均属于低-特低孔、低-特低渗储层。影响储层发育的成岩事件包括重结晶作用、白云岩化作用、溶蚀作用、破裂作用等。研究表明,白云岩结晶程度可以影响其初始孔隙的发育程度,具粉晶一细晶结晶程度的白云岩具有最好的孔渗性。白云岩化作用的强弱对储层物性具有较为直接的影响。最佳白云岩储层中主要储集空间包括晶间孔隙（包括剩余晶间孔和晶间溶蚀孔）、次生溶孔、洞和裂缝。总体上,较强的白云岩化作用、一定程度的重结晶、较发育的微裂缝、较好的区域渗透性、晚期压溶缝合线发育和晚期较大构造缝不发育等因素有利于白云岩储层的发育。 相似文献
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Emadullah KHAN Abbas Ali NASEEM Suleman KHAN Bilal WADOOD Faisal REHMAN Maryam SALEEM Mubashir MEHMOOD Waqar AHMAD Zubair AHMED Tahir AZEEM 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(5):1673-1692
The present study deals with the depositional facies, diagenetic processes and sequence stratigraphy of the shallow marine carbonates of the Samana Suk Formation, Kohat Basin, in order to elucidate its reservoir quality. The Samana Suk Formation consists of thin to thick-bedded, oolitic, bioclastic, dolomitic and fractured limestone. Based on the integration of outcrop, petrographic and biofacies analyses, the unit is thought to have been deposited on a gentle homoclinal ramp in peritidal, lagoonal and carbonate shoal settings. Frequent variations in microfacies based sea-level curve have revealed seven Transgressive Systems Tracts (TSTs) and six Regressive Systems Tracts (RSTs). The unit has undergone various stages of diagenetic processes, including mechanical and chemical compaction, cementation, micritization, dissolution and dolomitization. The petrographic analyses show the evolution of porosity in various depositional and diagenetic phases. The fenestral porosity was mainly developed in peritidal carbonates during deposition, while the burial dissolution and diagenetic dolomitization have greatly enhanced the reservoir potential of the rock unit, as is further confirmed by the plug porosity and permeability analyses. The porosities and permeabilities were higher in shoal facies deposited in TSTs, as compared to lagoonal and peritidal facies, except for the dolomite in mudstone, deposited during RSTs. Hence good, moderate and poor reservoir potential is suggested for shoal, lagoonal and peritidal facies, respectively. 相似文献
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尽管泥页岩在埋藏过程中经历的复杂成岩改造会显著影响页岩油气储层发育潜力,但对其成岩作用,特别是泥页岩中成岩矿物的类型、成岩演化及其影响因素、成岩矿物元素在低孔低渗孔隙系统中的迁移等问题的认识仍很薄弱,因而制约了对泥页岩储层的深入认识。为此,本文以塔里木盆地西北缘下寒武统玉尔吐斯组发育的两套黑色岩系为例,在沉积环境认识的基础上,通过矿物组分、黏土矿物组合、有机碳含量及有机质成熟度等测定分析,着重研究了黑色岩系自生矿物的分布及在成岩演化阶段的变化特征,阐述了成岩变化的时空分布及其影响因素。研究结果表明：（1）在浅水缓坡台地环境下,玉尔吐斯组受两个较为完整的海进-海退沉积旋回控制而形成的两套黑色岩系主要经历了早成岩阶段和中成岩阶段;（2）受沉积环境和热液作用的影响,这两套黑色岩系在石英、重晶石、碳酸盐胶结物和黏土矿物等自生矿物的组合、分布及形成顺序上存在显著的差异,呈现出差异性成岩演化的特点;（3）伊利石、伊蒙混层、绿泥石、白云石、石英胶结等中成岩阶段成岩产物的广泛分布,反映出在成岩过程中特别是中成岩阶段低孔低渗的泥页岩仍存在一定程度的内部和外部来源的矿物元素迁移。本次研究对深入认识塔里木西北缘下寒武统黑色岩系成岩机制,以及分析页岩储层发育特征提供了重要的依据。 相似文献
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川东三叠系飞仙关组碳酸盐岩的阴极发光特征与成岩作用 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
四川盆地东部三叠系飞仙关组是近年来我国发现的重要天然气储层, 高孔隙度、高渗透率的碳酸盐储层都分布于白云岩地层中, 因而碳酸盐的成岩作用, 尤其是白云岩化作用和白云岩的成因为石油地质学家和沉积学家高度关注.对四川盆地东部罗家寨构造三叠系飞仙关组42个碳酸盐岩样品进行了阴极发光分析, 结合与之有关的Mn、Fe、Mg元素分析和岩石学研究, 讨论了包括白云岩化作用在内的碳酸盐岩成岩过程中可能的成岩流体性质及来源.四川盆地东部三叠系飞仙关组碳酸盐岩普遍具有很弱的阴极发光性, 这与其很低的Mn、Fe含量有关, 说明沉积期后非海相流体对飞仙关组碳酸盐岩的影响非常有限, 海源流体在成岩过程中发挥了主导作用; 不同石灰岩类型和不同白云岩类型仍然具有不同的阴极发光性, 成岩组分含量越高的碳酸盐岩, 或者说与沉积期后流体(主要是孔隙流体) 关系越密切的碳酸盐岩的阴极发光强度越低, 说明随着埋藏成岩作用的进行, 四川盆地东部三叠系碳酸盐岩孔隙流体受海源流体的影响是逐渐增强的; 阴极发光分析结果表明, 作为四川盆地东部主要储集岩的结晶白云岩形成机制与埋藏过程中的深循环流体有关, 这种深循环流体没有或很少穿越铝硅酸盐地层, 但穿越了三叠系内部的某些海相地层, 这些海相地层可能是广泛存在于四川盆地三叠系的蒸发盐地层, 由蒸发盐成岩过程提供的海源流体参与了结晶白云岩的白云岩化作用. 相似文献
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四川盆地东北部三叠系飞仙关组碳酸盐岩成岩作用和白云岩成因的研究现状和存在问题 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
四川盆地东北部三叠系飞仙关组是我国重要的天然气储集层，优质储层形成机制直接与碳酸盐岩成岩作用、尤其是白云岩化作用相关，但飞仙关组碳酸盐岩在锰含量、锶含量、阴极发光性等特征上反映其成岩过程与经典成岩理论相悖；碳酸盐岩的锶同位素组成和锰、锶含量的关系也表明与大气水有关的成岩过程和作为重要储集岩的结晶白云岩的形成机制无关，传统的白云岩化机制难以解释结晶白云岩的成因。具有海源色彩的高锶、低锰成岩流体在很大程度上控制了飞仙关组碳酸盐的成岩作用，其来源与成因值得进一步关注，控制其运移、封存和发生水—岩反应的时空机制有待回答。整个海相三叠纪时间段盆地尺度碳酸盐岩和蒸发岩的沉积地球化学研究、尤其是不同结构组分碳酸盐的锶同位素组成、锶和锰含量研究（包括碳酸盐岩中不同结构组分的阴极发光性研究），可为四川盆地东北部飞仙关组碳酸盐岩成岩作用（尤其是白云岩化作用和作为重要储集岩的结晶白云岩的成因研究），天青石矿床成因研究和四川盆地三叠系深层富钾、锶、硼、溴卤水的成因研究提供重要的线索。 相似文献
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The Upper Ediacaran microbial carbonates of the Tarim Basin are potential reservoir geobodies for future hydrocarbon exploration with rising interest in exploration for deeply-buried reserves. However, little knowledge has been acquired on the types of microbial carbonates that are present, the properties of the reservoir and the pore evolution, hampering predictions of high-quality reservoirs in these carbonates. Integrated with petrography and in-situ U-Pb dating geochronology analyses, this study aims to clarify the types of microbial carbonates present and to reconstruct the pore evolution processes of the potential reservoir rocks. The Upper Ediacaran microbial carbonates of the Tarim Basin can be divided into four types, based on their features in terms of different scales (macro- to micro-): microbial laminite, stromatolite, spongiomicrobialite and microbial-peloidal wackestone/mudstone. Petrophysical properties show that all these microbial carbonates have low porosity and very low permeability with poor connectivity. These carbonates were subject to long-term and complex diagenetic processes, mainly consisting of dissolution, compaction, pervasive dolomitization, cementation and fracturing. The most important reservoir spaces are contributed by vugs and dissolution-enlarged pores, which are likely to have been associated with the widespread uplift of the Aksu area in the terminal Ediacaran. In contrast, the cementation of the fine-to-medium crystalline dolomite greatly reduced the pre-existing pores. Pore types are closely related to different microbial fabrics, which played an important role in the pore evolution of the microbial carbonates. 相似文献
19.
Hammad Tariq Janjuhah Ahmed Mohammad Ahmed Salim Abubaker Alansari Deva Prasad Ghosh 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(9):204
The Luconia Province—offshore Sarawak—is a key hydrocarbon province in Malaysia. However, the gas reservoirs in Central Luconia pose unique problems and challenges as they have partially water-filled microporosity that overprint wireline logs. Microporosity in Central Luconia occurs throughout the Miocene carbonates and is a crucial element that influences fluid flow properties and ultimately the recovery of hydrocarbons. Quantification of macroporosity was achieved using petrographic analysis of thin sections and the FESEM images. The point counting technique was used to estimate the amount of macroporosity from the thin section, which was then subtracted from the total porosity to derive microporosity. The qualitative investigation of the Miocene carbonates indicates the presence of three different types of microporosity namely grain-based microporosity, matrix-based microporosity, and cement-based microporosity. Quantification of microporosity showed that the microporosity varies from sample to sample, ranging from 10 to 60% of the total measured porosity. The depositional texture, mineralogy, and microtexture control this microporosity variation including its abundance and type. The microporosity in Central Luconia is diagenetically controlled based on four major diagenetic mechanisms namely (1) mechanical process/endolithic grains/marine diagenesis; (2) leaching/meteoric diagenesis; (3) cementation/shallow diagenesis; and (4) deeper diagenesis environment. 相似文献
20.
Ardiansyah Koeshidayatullah Khalid Al‐Ramadan Geraint Wyn Hughes 《Geological Journal》2016,51(5):704-721
The Al‐Jawf area of northern Saudi Arabia provides spectacular outcrops of Early Devonian carbonate bioherms in the Wadi Murayr and Dumat Al‐Jandal areas. These carbonate bioherms belong to the Qasr Member of the Late Pragian–Early Emsian Jauf Formation (~405 Ma) and are surrounded by a bioclastic carbonate succession. The Qasr Member is the first major carbonate unit of the Palaeozoic succession in Saudi Arabia that mainly consists of microbialite carbonates and metazoan reefs exhibiting distinct mound features. These bioherm complexes and their associated carbonate facies are pervasively dolomitized. Stratigraphic, petrographic and geochemical analyses were conducted to determine the facies distribution and interpret their depositional and diagenetic processes. A total of 11 facies are identified from a range of depositional environments within a carbonate platform system, ranging from tidal flats, lagoon, shoal, patch reefs to reef front. The main diagenetic processes are carbonate cementation and dolomitization. Dolomitization occurred as both fabric preserved (mostly in grain‐dominated facies) and fabric destructive (mud‐dominated facies). The microbialites and coralline sponges facies show poor reservoir with visual porosity less than 5%, but this succession may have a potential to serve as a good source for the underlying and overlying facies. Ooid and peloidal grainstone facies show fair to good visual porosity that locally exceeds 10% with intergranular porosity as the dominant type. However, in the most studied samples, vuggy and intraparticle porosities are observed as the dominant type. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献