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1.
In the north-western part of Szechwan Basin is the famous Chengtu Plain,with an area of 8,000 sq. km. and at 500-700 m. above the sea level. It is a huge alluvial plain formed by cohesion of many alluvial fans, among which the Minking fan is the largest, constituting 2/3 of the area of Chengtu Plain. 相似文献
2.
In the north-western part of Szechwan Basin is the famous Chengtu Plain,with an area of 8,000 sq. km. and at 500-700 m. above the sea level. It is a huge alluvial plain formed by cohesion of many alluvial fans, among which the Minking fan is the largest, constituting 2/3 of the area of Chengtu Plain. 相似文献
3.
Object-oriented image classification has tremendous potential to improve classification accuracies of land use and land cover (LULC), yet its benefits have only been minimally tested in peer-reviewed studies. We aim to quantify the benefits of an object-oriented method over a traditional pixel-based method for the mixed urban–suburban–agricultural landscape surrounding Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. To do so, we compared a traditional pixel-based classification using maximum likelihood to the object-oriented image classification paradigm embedded in eCognition Professional 4.0 software. This object-oriented paradigm has at least four components not typically used in pixel-based classification: (1) the segmentation procedure, (2) nearest neighbor classifier, (3) the integration of expert knowledge, and (4) feature space optimization. We evaluated each of these components individually to determine the source of any improvement in classification accuracy. We found that the combination of segmentation into image objects, the nearest neighbor classifier, and integration of expert knowledge yields substantially improved classification accuracy for the scene compared to a traditional pixel-based method. However, with the exception of feature space optimization, little or no improvement in classification accuracy is achieved by each of these strategies individually. 相似文献
4.
Rapid change in land use and land cover (LULC) and unplanned urban expansion in Dhaka City, Bangladesh, receives continuous attention from local policymakers and the international community. This study employed a supervised classification procedure and postclassification change detection technique to estimate major changes between different LULC classes. The study revealed that built-up area increased significantly from 1989 to 2014. The total urban growth of 81.54 percent resulted in a substantial decrease in natural vegetation cover and agricultural land. In addition, water bodies have declined consistently over the last twenty-five years. The overall accuracy of LULC change maps produced from Landsat data ranged from 89.72 percent to 92.97 percent. The results should contribute to ongoing LULC information updates while forecasting possible future LULC change and sustainable development under greater population density. 相似文献
5.
LONG Hualou 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(6):1198-1198
Land Use Policy is an international and interdisciplinary journal,published by Elsevier,concerned with the social,economic,political,legal,physical and planning aspects of urban and rural land use.Recently,a themed issue on＂Land Use Policy in China＂has been published in Volume 40 of this journal （http：//www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02648377/40）. Under the guidance of the journal editor Professor Guy Robinson from University of South Australia, Professor Hualou Long acted as the guest editor in compiling this themed issue. 相似文献
6.
Forestland divestment by vertically integrated forest products companies (VIFPCs) has spurred significant forest ownership change. To illuminate these dynamics, we examined land sales after VIFPC divestment, subsequent acquisitions of conserved land, and trends in recreational access in Wisconsin. We documented changes from 1999 to 2015 with analysis of tax program records and profiles of the state’s largest investor owners, Plum Creek and The Forestland Group. Nearly all VIFPC land was sold to investors, public agencies, or smaller corporate and private owners. State tax and land acquisition programs buffered these changes: 70% of large private ownership land was retained in the forest tax program and another 16% was acquired by public and nonprofit owners. More than one-quarter of divested forestland was placed in conservation easements. Nonetheless, large private forestland open to public recreation declined by almost one-third. Investor strategies and conservation programs shaped the provision of forest benefits during ownership transitions. 相似文献
7.
As land use change continues to increase throughout the Amazon basin, there is a pressing need to accurately map, quantify and assess the effects of different factors on forest cover change (FCC). Land tenure may sometimes have important effects on forest cover, yet such effects remain poorly understood in Amazonia, particularly outside Brazil. In this paper we assess whether significant differences in trends of FCC can be partially explained by different land tenure arrangements, using a case study in southwestern Beni (Bolivian Amazon). We examine spatio-temporal dynamics of FCC across four land tenure systems (indigenous titled territory, protected area, logging concession, and private land) by classifying forests using a time-series of Landsat satellite imagery consisting of four dates (1986, 1996, 2001, 2009). Specifically, we unravel (1) trends in early growth and old-growth forest extent, including changes in total cover area, annual change rates, and spatial change dynamics, and (2) trends in old-growth forest fragmentation. To better understand the association between land tenure and FCC, we qualitatively assess the potential role that other underlying and proximate drivers may have had in FCC over the study period. We found that private lands underwent, by far, the largest FCC, that indigenous territories and the protected area had little FCC, and that logging concessions were responsible for the lowest FCC. Our findings suggest that land tenure played a key role in FCC except in private areas, where many other drivers had operated. Our study sheds light into the potential role of land tenure in FCC and has important implications for public policies aimed at socioeconomic development and environmental conservation in the Amazon. We give some policy recommendations drawn from a biocultural conservation perspective that could contribute to implement more inclusive conservation policies in the region. 相似文献
8.
Urbanization of Capital or Capitalization on Urban Land? Land Development and Local Public Finance in Urbanizing China 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
《Urban geography》2013,34(1):50-79
This study examines the relationship between urban land development and municipal finance in a Chinese regional economy undergoing rapid urbanization. Drawing upon insights from the perspective of political economy, this study analyzes how municipalities in coastal Jiangsu Province have engaged in the land-dominated urbanization process, and the developmental landscape that has emerged from the new approach toward local public finance. Land development has not functioned simply as a passive outcome of urbanization, but has been actively pursued by local governments as a means of revenue generation to finance local economic growth. An inverse correlation is found between the growth of land conveyance income and the level of the regional economies in China's administrative hierarchy. We call for greater attention to be directed to the interrelationship between land development, local public finance, and urbanization in the ongoing transformation of the Chinese political economy. 相似文献
9.
《Urban geography》2013,34(2):185-205
In this article, we explore both a neglected geography (the location of sexually oriented business) and a neglected instrument of sociospatial control (premises licensing). Arguing the former is increasingly shaped by the latter, we suggest that licensing provides a flexible means by which the state is able to reconcile the growing demand for "adult entertainment" with concerns about community standards, urban aesthetics, public safety, and property prices. We demonstrate this through an examination of the role of UK licensing legislation in controlling the location and visibility of such controversial businesses in London's West End. It is demonstrated that, in this case, licensing has encouraged the "upscaling" of sex-related businesses while reducing their overall number and visibility. We conclude that licensing, as a means of controlling contentious urban land uses, constitutes a "field of governance" whose legal geographies remain to be adequately theorized and explored. 相似文献
10.
Bret Wallach 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):568-571
The movements of ideas and content between locations and languages are unquestionably crucial concerns to researchers of the information age, and Twitter has emerged as a central, global platform on which hundreds of millions of people share knowledge and information. A variety of research has attempted to harvest locational and linguistic metadata from tweets to understand important questions related to the 300 million tweets that flow through the platform each day. Much of this work is carried out with only limited understandings of how best to work with the spatial and linguistic contexts in which the information was produced, however. Furthermore, standard, well-accepted practices have yet to emerge. As such, this article studies the reliability of key methods used to determine language and location of content in Twitter. It compares three automated language identification packages to Twitter's user interface language setting and to a human coding of languages to identify common sources of disagreement. The article also demonstrates that in many cases user-entered profile locations differ from the physical locations from which users are actually tweeting. As such, these open-ended, user-generated profile locations cannot be used as useful proxies for the physical locations from which information is published to Twitter. 相似文献
11.
Land use change in Bohai Rim: a spatial-temporal analysis 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Land use change is one of the important aspects of global change[1-3]. The Bohai Rim is a hot spot of economic development in China, where land use changes remarkably. Analyzing land use change in this area is significant to the research of global change and regional sustainable land use. Although there has been much work undertaken on regional land use change in China, it was mainly on urban land use change[4-11], and few researches integrated remote sensing and GIS method. Based on data f… 相似文献
12.
《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(6):262-279
»Norges Land og Folk« er en av de omfangsrikeste og mest benyttede publikasjoner, som har sett lyset i vart land. Den overgår også i omfang og detaljrikdom alle de tilsvarende topografisk-statistiske landsdelsbeskrivelser i de øvrige nordiske land. Verkets begynnelse var dog ganske beskjeden og det hadde en trang fodsel. Det ved A. N. Kiær i [1884–]1885 utgitte Bind I, Smaalenenes amt, gav således på sine 309 sider bare en knapp og konsentrert topografisk-historiskstatistisk beskrivelse av amtet og dets enkelte herreder.1 相似文献
13.
Alec Thornton 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2009,29(1):12-20
The post-apartheid South African government has emphasized land reallocation in key national policy documents as a means to address apartheid-era legacies of poverty and inequality in the former homelands (black reserves). In this paper, a case study of the Masizame Community Garden Project in Peddie, a small former homeland town, explores the issue of group ownership rights of commonage for poverty alleviation purposes. Poor communication, commitment to gender empowerment and limited transparency of land application processes at different levels of government emerged as key issues that continue to frustrate attempts by local people to secure ownership rights of vacant municipal commonage to earn a livelihood. 相似文献
14.
The postsocialist transition resulted in widespread structural change in Polish agriculture, but fine-scale assessments of how these changes affected farming and rural landscapes are scarce. This article examines changes in farm sizes and land use patterns after the breakdown of socialism in Poland using micro-census data and satellite images. Our study area is Pyrzyce County. The analysis indicates a polarization of the farm size distribution (e.g., medium-sized farms disappeared) as well as marked changes in land use patterns (e.g., increasing field sizes and field aggregation). Interviews with farmers and stakeholders suggest that this shift can be explained by decreasing competitiveness of medium-sized farms in the emerging new agricultural value chain, which forced farmers to increase and intensify production or to downsize their farms, especially when the preference was for other occupations. 相似文献
15.
LI Yuechen 《地理学报》2008,18(1):85-94
The 13 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in northern China are located in latitude 31°–54°N and longitude 73°–136°E including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, and Xinjiang, where environments are fragile. In recent years, the eco-environmental problems such as vegetation destruction, desertification and soil erosion etc. become serious because of climate change and unreasonable human activities. In this paper, landscape pattern and its evolution in northern China from 1989 to 2003 was investigated by the combined use of RS and GIS based on the basic theory and method of landscape ecology. Land use/cover maps of the study area in 1989, 1999 and 2003 were produced by using 1 km monthly NOAA Ad-vanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and SPOT/VGT Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dataset from national climate bureau of China which were geo-registered to Lambert azimuthal equal-area map projection and were used in the paper. Landscape evolution in the area over the study period was investigated by two methods: (a) the changes of various landscape metrics were analyzed using the landscape structure analysis program FRAGSTATS; (b) the transition matrix of landscape patch types was cal-culated with the help of the RS and GIS software. The results showed that from 1989 to 2003, the landscape within the study area had undertaken a complicated evolution in landscape structure and composition. The diversity index and evenness index increased during the pe-riod, which means that the landscape pattern tended to be diversified and even. The fragmentation index of grassland, forestland and water areas also increased significantly. This showed that the distribution and structure of forestland, grassland and water areas had been changed greatly during the period, especially grassland which became more and more fragmentized, and its fragmentation index increased from 19.23% to 88.72%. The transitions of the landscape types were mainly shown by the changes among forestland, grassland and farmland, and grassland changing into unable land. Over the study period, grassland and water areas had decreased remarkably, accounting for 15% and 37% from 1989 to 1999 and 24.79% and 49.25% from 1999 to 2003 respectively. The grassland and water resources play an important role in the eco-environment and economic development of the region. So, they must be protected carefully. According to the analysis, we can conclude that the eco-environment in the study area is obviously degenerated due to unreasonable human activities and climate changes and some measures should be taken to combat the environ-mental degradation. 相似文献
16.
In Southeast Asia, resource competition causes conflicts between small-scale and industrial fishers. This article focuses on interactions between small-scale and industrial fishers and the power dynamics that are expressed through their behaviors. Taking a Philippine fishing village as a case, this article shows that even under conditions of severe resource competition and in a context of antagonistic relationships, small-scale fishers may choose, as a survival strategy, to collaborate with illegal industrial fishers. It demonstrates that accounting for power differentiations and dynamics among actors is key to understanding this seemingly contradictory collaboration, one that will likely result, over the long run, in negative consequences for the sustainability of small-scale fishers’ livelihoods. In order to effectively control industrial fishers and mitigate conflict with small-scale fishers, better understanding of social–economic and sociopolitical relations is required. 相似文献
17.
《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(6):347-361
Der har flere ganger vært planer oppe om å få med flyvemaskin på de norske ekspedisjoner til Svalbard og Østgronland. Hensikten hermed var i første rekke å utføre kartlegning fra luften, men man mente også at maskinen skulde brukes til rekognosering ute i drivisen og innover ukjente landområder og under særlige omstendigheter, assistere ved transport av folk og materiell. Det var imidlertid umulig å skaffe de nødvendige pengemidler og, en passende maskin. 相似文献
18.
LONG Hualou 《地理学报》2014,24(2):211-225
The implementation of new type industrialization and urbanization and agricultural modernization strategies lacks of a major hand grip and spatial supporting platform,due to long-term existed "dual-track" structure of rural-urban development in China as well as unstable rural development institution and mechanism. It is necessary to restructure rural production,living and ecological space by carrying out land consolidation,so as to establish a new platform for building new countryside and realizing urban-rural integration development in China. This paper develops the concept and connotation of rural spatial restructuring. Basing on the effects analysis of industrialization and urbanization on rural production,living and ecological space,the mechanism of pushing forward rural spatial restructuring by carrying out land consolidation is probed. A conceptualization of the models of rural production,living and ecological spatial restructuring is analyzed combining with agricultural land consolidation,hollowed villages consolidation and industrial and mining land consolidation. Finally,the author argues that a "bottom-up" restructuring strategy accompanied by a few "top-down" elements is helpful for smoothly pushing forward rural spatial restructuring in China. In addition,the optimization and restructuring of rural production,living and ecological space will rely on the innovations of regional engineering technology,policy and mechanism,and mode of rural land consolidation,and more attentions should be paid to rural space,the foundation base and platform for realizing urban-rural integration development. 相似文献
19.
Abstract This paper describes the progress of the Land Titling Project in Thailand, the objectives of which are to issue titles to all eligible landholders, to improve land administration, to remap all urban areas and to establish a land valuation system. The significance of this project in the context of land information systems (LIS) is that its operations are essential preliminary steps in the development of an effective information system and its experience will therefore be of value in the many countries which are contemplating the establishment of such a system. Special features of the project which contribute to its success are outlined. The project will take twenty years and LIS will be a major activity in the second five-year phase (1990-1994), involving a multi-layer LIS in the Bangkok metropolis and parcel databases in provincial Land Offices. 相似文献
20.
《Land Use Policy》是一爱思唯尔（Elsevier）旗下城乡发展与土地利用研究领域的跨学科国际期刊,刊载的论文涉及城市与乡村土地利用的社会、经济、政治、法律、自然和规划管理等诸多方面。 相似文献