共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
C. Selomulya J.Y.H. Liao G. Bickert R. Amal 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2006,80(2-4):189-197
The recovery of ultrafine coal can be enhanced significantly by flocculating the particles prior to dewatering. It is thus crucial to be able to quantify the effects of aggregated particles on the separation efficiency, of which they are still not fully understood. This study focused on the relationship between the micro-properties (size, structure, and strength) of flocculated coal particles and the characteristics of filter cakes obtained through hyperbaric filtration. Tools such as small angle light scattering and confocal scanning laser microscopy were used to determine the aggregate structure. The comparative bond strength of aggregates generated under different flocculation conditions was measured through a non-dimensional approach. The effects of these properties on specific cake resistance, saturation, and moisture content, as indicative of the filtration performance, were observed. It was found that flocs generated using a moderate amount of flocculant dosage (60–100 g of polymer/tonne of coal) for this ultrafine coal (97% < 35 μm) optimised the properties of dewatered filter cakes. Although cakes composed of larger and stronger aggregates with more flocculant were found to have higher porosity, the effects on specific cake resistance and cake saturation were detrimental, possibly due to the increasing proportion of intra-aggregate pores that were harder to dewater. The trend was less noticeable at low filtration pressures where most of the dewatering occurred within the larger capillaries of the inter-aggregate zones. In addition, the presence of polymer molecules was responsible in absorbing residual moisture that could not be removed through mechanical means. Through a series of tests using pre-formed filter cakes, the amount of moisture retained by the flocculant was quantified to be approximately 10.2 mg of water for every addition of 1 g of polymer/tonne of coal, calculated per 100 g of filter cake produced from hyperbaric filtration in this case. 相似文献
2.
工程渣土在水洗砂过程中产生的洗砂泥浆存在脱水效果差、不稳定的问题,这与泥浆的脱水性能密切相关。通过模拟现场洗砂工艺获得不同脱水性能的洗砂泥浆,开展了改进滤失试验及模拟压滤试验,研究了洗砂泥浆脱水性能受洗砂工艺的影响规律,获得了一种能够快速表征泥浆脱水性能的指标,用以指导优化渣土洗砂工艺。结果表明：洗砂泥浆脱水性能受洗砂粒径和加水量影响明显,滤失量及渗透系数与脱水性能有较好的相关关系;而30 min滤失量与最终滤失量、最终泥饼含水率呈现较好的相关性,能够较准确地反映泥浆脱水性能;经模拟压滤试验进一步验证,30 min滤失量可以作为洗砂泥浆脱水性能的快速表征指标。基于此提出了一套洗砂泥浆脱水性能的快速检测及工程渣土洗砂工艺优化方法,能够及时为洗砂工艺参数调整提供指导,以获得脱水性能较优的洗砂泥浆,最终使脱水效果得以改善和稳定。 相似文献
3.
采用自主改装的变压头黏土渗透仪,模拟疏浚淤泥脱水过程中水分在淤泥颗粒多孔介质中的迁移运动过程,通过测定疏浚淤泥脱水过程中渗透系数与过滤常数、渗水量与滤液量、泥饼含水率与孔隙率,探究了负载压力为100 kPa时,不同负载方式（负载时间及负载压力梯度变化）对疏浚淤泥脱水过程中过滤和渗流规律的影响。研究发现：负载下的过滤和渗流同时进行,负载1 h期间,前期0～40 min内过滤占主导地位,后期40～60 min内渗流起关键作用。负载压力梯度由原来1 h内间隔变化1次,变为以20 kPa为梯度递增变化5次,随着压力变化梯度减小,渗透系数、过滤常数增加,淤泥脱水性能得到较明显的改善,并且前期负载压力越小,脱水效果越好。 相似文献
4.
The physical, chemical, and dewatering characteristics of 19 bottom sediments from Osaka Bay, Japan, have been analyzed to aid in the development of sediments in the coastal bay area. The sediments in the east near Osaka Port were highly polluted from the influence of human activities and were difficult to dewater. These sediments were composed of fine particles, low in pH, zetapotential, and initial settling rate, and were high in ignition loss, metal concentrations, compression volume, specific resistance, cake water content, and drying index. However, the sediments near Akashi Channel showed the reverse where they are affected by strong tidal current. A correlation analysis has been made of all the parameters. There are significant relationships between all the dewatering parameters. Therefore, sediments difficult to dewater by gravity settling are also difficult to dewater by vacuum filtration and solar evaporation. Sediments containing fine particles and pollutants are difficult to dewater. Several forms of pollutants can occur in the sediments. 相似文献
5.
The problem of predicting dependence of constant pressure batch dewatering of particulate suspensions on feed solids concentration is considered. Scaling transformations which demonstrate that evolution in the cake consolidation stage of dewatering is governed by an underlying self-similar behavior are proposed. The self-similar master curve, which can be obtained using only one set of experimental dewatering data obtained with a feed suspension having solids concentration above the gel point, is employed for estimating dependence of key dewatering process parameters on feed solids concentration. Using the parameter estimates in a Darcy's law based dewatering model, it is shown that the complete evolution of dewatering for a desired feed solids concentration can be predicted with reasonable accuracy. The approach is simpler to implement in comparison to available pressure filtration models, which require several suspension characterization experiments. 相似文献
6.
R.J. Wakeman 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》1979,5(4):395-405
The dynamic dewatering model is extended to systems where the total pressure loss across the cake is constant (that is dewatering is effected by a pump which is able to maintain the vacuum). Using the model, prediction of dewatering characteristics is facilitated when a representative value is assigned to the pore size distribution index. The effects of altering process variables on the decreasing cake saturation and increasing air flow rate are quantified and discussed. The methods presented may be a useful tool for assessing changes in process variables or in the initial sizing of filters. 相似文献
7.
R.J. Wakeman 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》1976,3(3):193-206
Fundamental data on the residual saturation of incompressible filter cakes which have been drained by vacuum have been measured. The effects of varying particle size, shape and distribution, type of wetting fluid and cake size have been assessed. A modified ‘threshold pressure’, below which dewatering will not occur, has been defined and an index reflecting the nature of the particles and their packing has been used to represent reduced saturation data. Irreducible saturation levels have been correlated against a capillary number, and by careful definition of the driving force term data scatter have been substantially reduced. 相似文献
8.
An influence of oil additions (0–3% w/w) on the vacuum filtration of fine coal has been investigated. The results show that an oil addition of 1% can lead to a lowering of filter-cake moisture from 26% (wet basis) to 16% (wet basis). This considerable lowering of filter-cake moisture is accompanied by an increase in both filtration rate and solids pick-up rate. The results are qualitatively interpreted in terms of a flocculation process in which oil droplets condense at the particle contact points to form pendular bridges. 相似文献
9.
R.J. Wakeman 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》1979,5(4):379-393
The process of dewatering incompressible filter cakes by vacuum pumps which cannot maintain vacuum (low-capacity suction systems) has been examined experimentally, and a theoretical model is proposed for interpretation of the results. Application of the model requires relative permeability and capillary pressure information which are obtained by applying empirical data combined with a mathematical model for permeability. The concepts of modified threshold pressure and pore size distribution index are utilised in the model, and their effects on dewatering dynamics are assessed. 相似文献
10.
11.
在土-土工织物组成的反滤系统中,如果被保护土是非稳定土,则在渗流作用下被保护土中会有大量细粒土发生移动,很容易在织物与土层的交界面上形成一层薄滤饼,滤饼的厚度及渗透系数成为影响系统反滤效果的重要因素。根据多孔介质中的渗流与沉积理论,研究了在非稳定土体渗滤过程中,随着细粒土的迁移滤饼的厚度与织物厚度及渗透系数、外部压力等因素之间的关系,并给出了解析表达式。 相似文献
12.
为实现疏浚淤泥高效快速脱水减容,选取化学絮凝和真空预压相结合的脱水技术,利用自制真空预压抽滤装置对5种类型絮凝剂调理淤泥进行系列室内脱水试验,通过上清液高度、泥水分界面高度、沉降速率、底泥含水率等指标,综合评价疏浚淤泥沉降过程与深度脱水效果。结果表明：5种絮凝剂对应最优添加量分别为Ca(OH)2(1 500 mg/L)、PAFSI(200 mg/L)、PAC(200 mg/L)、HCA(50 mg/L)、APAM(500 mg/L);与原始淤泥自然沉降过程相比（底泥高度17.14 cm、含水率96.8%）,真空预压可实现絮凝调理淤泥脱水减容、底泥平均含水率降至53.5%,使底泥体积进一步压缩20.48%～36.99%;真空预压作用下,絮凝调理淤泥在50 min内达到沉降速率峰值,前120 min内淤泥絮凝效果明显、泥水分离程度占据主导;与原始淤泥真空预压对比,絮凝?真空预压大幅提升淤泥沉降速率、有效缩短峰值对应沉降时间,最优絮凝剂（APAM）底泥沉降速率峰值、淤泥总高度沉降速率峰值对应时间点缩短87.5%和83.33%,峰值速率分别增加3.56倍、5.18倍;添加适量絮凝剂能有效改善淤泥脱水性能,增大泥粒尺寸、防堵促排,加速疏浚淤泥沉降与泥水分离效率。化学絮凝?真空抽滤技术有利于实现疏浚淤泥减量化,显著缩短工期、加快施工进度、减少堆积占地,具有显著的工程应用价值。 相似文献
13.
Haydn H. Murray 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》1980,7(3):263-274
The kaolin industry has shown a phenomenal growth record from 1930 to the present and there is no indication that this growth will not continue. Innovative and efficient process developments enabled the kaolin industry to wet process over 5,000,000 tons in 1978 in Georgia and over 3,000,000 tons in the Cornwall district of southwestern England. These two regions supply the major tonnage of paper coating clays for the world's paper industry. The more important process developments are listed as follows: (1) development of chemicals for dispersion and flocculation; (2) continuous blungers to slurry the kaolin at the mine; (3) (continuous degritting by rake classifiers and hydrocyclones; (4) transport of kaolin slurry through pipelines from mine to plant; (5) continuous centrifuges for particle separation into coarse, medium, and fine sizes (6) chemical leaching of iron to improve brightness and color, (7) dewatering to high solids by: (a) continuous rotary vacuum filters; (b) automated plate and frame filter presses; (c) tube presses; (d) high speed contrifuges; (8) spray drying to low moisture and spherical shape to permit bulk hopper car shipments; (9) flotation to remove iron and titanium impurities to improve brightness and whiteness; (10) slurry clay shipments at 70 percent solids in tank cars; (11) high gradient magnetic separation to improve brightness and whiteness and to utilize marginal deposits; (12) delamination to utilize course kaolin stacks to make an improved product; (13) pugging and working the kaolin to improve viscosity; (14) a new development — dewatering to 80 to 85 percent solids using electrophoresis.Each of these developments is described and the future need to develop an efficient process to significantly lower the viscosity of high viscosity kaolins is discussed. 相似文献
14.
Yosry A. Attia 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》1983,10(3):173-181
One of the main usages of ball clays is in the pottery industry. However, in order to transport the clay suspensions from the mine site, some distance away from the consumer, dewatering of the clay suspension must be performed. The main restriction is that any dewatering treatment must not interfere in obtaining deflocculated, free flowing suspensions required by the pottery manufacturer.Investigations in the flocculation/deflocculation of these clay suspensions, resulted in finding a technique capable of achieving both requirements. The technique employs flocculation by an anionic flocculant in the presence of 10 mM of magnesium sulfate, thus achieving the dewatering step. When the magnesium sulfate was removed from the flocculated suspensions by simply washing the filter cake, good deflocculation of the clay suspension was achieved at alkaline pH. The role of MgSO4 in the flocculant adsorption/flocculation, and subsequently in the flocculant desorption/deflocculation, was discussed. 相似文献
15.
露天煤矿开采的矿坑排水量和水位降深是决定煤矿首采时间的关键问题。利用GMS软件建立了黑龙江省东部宝清露天煤矿首采区三层含水层和两层弱透水层组成的地下水渗流数值模拟模型,再利用实测资料对所建立的模型进行了参数识别和模型验证。在综合考虑经济效益和降水效果的条件下,再利用该模型对不同方案下地下水流场的变化进行了预测,据此提出了露天煤矿首采区最优的布井方案（86眼降水井）及相应的开采量（95 718.84 m3/d）,预测了首采区地下水位的下降过程（平均下降速度为0.17 m/d）。 相似文献
16.
为保证开挖面的稳定,泥水盾构压力舱中的泥浆必须及时在开挖面土体表层形成泥膜,泥浆压力才能有效平衡地层中的水土压力。在考虑泥浆渗滤效应的基础上,建立了砂土地层泥水盾构开挖面泥浆恒压渗透模型,分析了渗透时间、泥浆浓度、泥浆压力和地层初始孔隙率对土体孔隙率及泥浆成膜的影响。结合刀具周期性切削作用,总结了泥浆反复渗透引起的开挖面表层土体孔隙率变化规律。基于刀盘、刀具布置形式和盾构掘进参数,分析了盾构掘进期间开挖面支护机制。结果表明：在无刀具切削作用时,泥浆渗透规律主要受到泥浆和地层特性影响;在刀具周期性切削作用下,在相同的切削深度下,刀具切削周期越短,泥膜在开挖面上越难形成;刀具较小的纵向切入速度有利于开挖面上更快形成泥膜;适当减少刀盘上同一轨迹刀具布置数量,降低盾构掘进速度和刀盘转动速度,有利于盾构掘进期间开挖面上泥膜存在面积的增大,对开挖面稳定起到积极作用。 相似文献
17.
Y. Shi J. Yang S. Liang W. Yu J. Xiao J. Song X. Xu Y. Li C. Yang X. Wu J. Hu B. Liu H. Hou 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2016,13(9):2283-2292
Sludge samples taken from different sources and times may have different characteristics that could affect dewatering performance. In this study, 20 sludge samples from five wastewater treatment plants and different seasons in 1 year were characterized. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that solid content (SC), total suspended solid (TSS), polysaccharides and proteins contents had positive correlations with the capillary suction time (CST), whereas volatile suspended–solid/total suspended solid (VSS/TSS) exhibited negative correlations with CST. Moreover, no correlations between CST and specific resistance to filtration were found among these different sludge samples. The principal component analysis confirmed that only two group variables could represent most of the sludge characteristic parameters. The first set of variables represents the particulate nature of the biotic factors (SC, VSS/TSS, SCOD, TSS, polysaccharides and proteins), and the second set is the pH. CST could not be a reasonable indicator of dewaterability in sludge deep dewatering by Fe2+/S2O8 2?-phosphogypsum composite conditioning. Furthermore, the results of diaphragm filter press dewatering showed that initial SC and VSS/TSS were the most dominant sludge characteristics affecting the solid content of dewatered cake (R p = 0.610, p = 0.016; R p = ?0.838, p = 0.000, respectively) with Fe2+/S2O8 2?-phosphogypsum composite conditioning. Results from this study suggest that dewatering performance is predictable by sludge characteristics parameters for Fe2+/S2O8 2?-phosphogypsum conditioning. 相似文献
18.
针对真空预压加固处理过程中容易形成的淤堵现象,结合室内真空预压模型试验,进行了不同颗粒组成和不同真空度条件下的室内试验,揭示了淤堵泥层的形成特性和机理,建立了排水量及平均含水率随时间变化的预测模型。试验表明,在低真空度作用下,由于其渗透路径宽而长,淤堵泥层厚度较大,但含水率和密实度低,形成的孔隙直径分布广且分布较均匀;而在高真空度作用下渗透路径窄而短,淤堵泥层厚度小但含水率和密实度高,形成的孔隙直径较小且分布集中;黏粒含量越高形成的孔隙直径越小,集中程度较高,滤层结构越稳定。 相似文献
19.
基于井下放水试验的矿井疏降量预测评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
井下放水试验作为特殊的水文地质试验,克服了地面抽水试验存在的不利条件,有着十分重要的实践和理论意义。为了探查双柳煤矿太原组灰岩含水层的水文地质条件,通过两次井下放水试验取得的相关水文地质参数,控制了太灰含水层的动态流场。基于井下放水试验取得的水文地质条件信息,利用Visual MODFLOW三维数值模拟软件,建立放水试验期间反映模拟区太灰地下水分布、储存及其时空变化规律的参数模型;根据拟定的预测方案,对太灰含水层的疏降涌水量进行预测。通过本次工作,对双柳井田下一阶段进行疏干降压,减少太灰含水层对上组煤（4#煤层）开采的威胁,同时为下组煤（8＋9#煤）开采提供疏降方式和水文地质依据。 相似文献
20.
煤矿疏降水工程需要以含水层组参数为基础进行合理布设。结合某矿区内的非稳定流双孔干扰抽水试验,在无观测孔情况下,根据抽水井资料分别利用通用直线法、水位恢复法、解析法及优化拟合四种方法确定承压含水层的导水系数,并利用后期疏降水孔资料对上述方法进行验证,结果表明通用直线法和水位恢复法计算结果可靠。 相似文献