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1.
S. I. Levshina 《Water Resources》2008,35(6):716-724
Results of studying the concentration of total, dissolved, and suspended organic matter in the water of the Amur and its main tributaries (the rivers of Bureya, Songhua, etc.) in 2005–2006 are presented. A high concentration of organic matter of anthropogenic origin was recorded in the water of the Songhua River, which has a significant effect on the Amur water quality. The export of organic matter with the Amur River water into the Amur Liman was accessed. 相似文献
2.
The rivers across Sanjiang Plain are an important path in transferring total dissolved iron (TDFe) into Okhotsk Sea. Distribution of TDFe in main rivers (Amur River, Ussuri River, and Songhua River) and marshy rivers (Yalv River, Bielahong River, and Naoli River) of Sanjiang Plain from 2005 to 2008 was investigated. TDFe concentrations ranged from 0.05 to 6.40 mg L?1 (mean 0.76 mg L?1) and the TDFe species are in the following order: Colloidal iron > ionic iron > complexed iron. Compared with the main rivers, the marshy rivers showed higher TDFe concentration and dissolved organic carbon concentration (DOC), and lower pH value. TDFe concentrations were influenced by several factors, whereas, the concentration of DOC, , and showed remarkable correlation through Spearman correlation coefficient analysis. The rivers mostly showed high TDFe concentration on May and October when the farm activities frequently occur. After 50 years' cultivation of wetlands, the free iron (Fe2+ and Fe3+) showed distinct decrease from 195 to 88.2t in Naoli River. Land use change had decreased TDFe output in rivers of Sanjiang Plain because of the changed concentration and component of DOC, which had higher affinity and selectivity with iron. 相似文献
3.
The results of microbiological water quality monitoring in the Amur and Sungary rivers after a technogenic accident in Tzilin
province (China) in November 2005 are considered. Bioindication technique is used to show that various pollutants earlier
entered the Amur with the Sungari runoff: low-molecular volatile benzene derivatives entered from November 28 to December
2; naphthalene derivatives entered from November 29 to December 7; and nitrobenzene and high-molecular polyaromatic hydrocarbons
entered in December 15–23, 2005. The major portion of pollutants moved along the right bank. The most sensitive to the total
pollution by toxic substances were nitrifying bacteria, especially in bottom water layers. The Amur water in the zone of influence
of the Sungari was estimated to belong to the IV–V quality class and referred to the categories of “polluted” and “dirty.”
The poor quality of Amur water persisted over 9 months throughout the Amur reach from the Sungari mouth to Khabarovsk City. 相似文献
4.
The effect of land reclamation on the migration and accumulation of heavy metals and some pollutants in small rivers is determined. The study was conducted in the Middle Amur lowland in different phases of hydrological regime and at different extent of floodplain inundation. The formation of the hydrological regime in small rivers in this area is governed by the irregular annual runoff distribution. The seasonal character of flood periods requires water samples to be taken before spring flood (April) and after floods have passed (September–October), and at various extent of floodplain inundation. The field studies of water-courses were carried out in 2009–2014. The water samples were analyzed to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (iron, manganese, copper, nickel, cobalt, lead and zinc), suspended substances, organic carbon (total, dissolved, and suspended), humic and fulvic acids, and volatile organic compounds. The mobility of heavy metals in surface watercourses was shown to reflect the effect of drainage and surface runoff from soil horizons, an increase in the concentrations of suspended and organic compounds, especially, fulvic acids, which enhance their geochemical mobility. During floods, an increase in heavy metals washout from floodplain soils and the dilution of their concentrations causes the formation of a single-type concentration series of heavy metals. In addition, the processes of pollutants migration show an effect of changes in the geomorphological characteristics of floodplain–channel complexes and a decrease in flow velocity in watercourses in the areas where land reclamation was applied. Thus, all factors mentioned above lead to a decrease in water pollution index in the river. 相似文献
5.
The solution of the problem of evaluating the characteristics of maximal runoff by composed-distribution method is considered for the case of the confluence zone of the Zeya and Amur rivers. The method of solution of the probability problem is based on the construction of a random process of mean daily water discharges by simulating the inflow from unregulated river reaches and taking into account the reservoir-operating curve. The subsequent transformation of inflow in the channel system provides the values of runoff and their probability distribution in the required section. 相似文献
6.
The ability of present-day climate models to reproduce the mean annual regime of river runoff and its within-year distribution
is evaluated for major Eurasian basins, including the basins of the Volga and Amur and the major Siberian rivers: the Ob,
Yenisei, and Lena. Estimates are made for possible variations in seasonal runoff and characteristics of daily precipitation
(the amount, rate, and probability) in drainage areas for the late XXI century. The analysis involved the use of the results
of calculations by climatic general circulation models carried out under international Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. 相似文献
7.
A. V. Konovalov E. P. Semenova D. A. Safonov 《Journal of Volcanology and Seismology》2012,6(4):243-253
An earthquake of magnitude MW = 5.8 occurred in the upper reaches of the Uanga and Pogibi rivers in northwestern Sakhalin at 9 h 44 min WT on March 16, 2010. The event is the largest for the northwestern part of the island during the entire history of instrumental seismological observations that have been conducted on Sakhalin since 1905. A macroseismic study showed that the earthquake was felt in much of northern Sakhalin and the Amur River area. This paper presents the results from a detailed study of the seismicity in the rupture zone, the space-time distribution of aftershocks, and their relationships to the active fault zones that exist in northern Sakhalin. Some new results were obtained that concern the interrelationships between the focal mechanism and the present-day geodynamic setting. 相似文献
8.
为探究洪泽湖入湖河流沉积物有机磷的空间分布及外源输入对其形态转化的影响,本文利用Ivanoff法开展有机磷形态特征研究,并通过实验室添加常见外源有机质和铁离子,深入探讨外源物质对沉积物有机磷形态变化的长期影响.研究结果表明,洪泽湖入湖河流沉积物有机磷含量范围为34.8～398.6 mg/kg,占总磷的7.7%～36.9%,其中非活性有机磷(NOP)中活性有机磷(MLOP)活性有机磷(LOP).濉河沉积物LOP平均占比为19.4%,高于其他河流,而成子河NOP平均占比最高,为56.41%,表明有机磷的空间分布不均匀.总体而言,安河和濉河沉积物中总氮、总磷和有机磷含量显著高于成子河和淮河,显示前两条河流有较高的污染水平.冗余分析表明河流沉积物有机磷形态明显受到其理化性质影响,而不同污染程度沉积物的影响因素有所不同.外源物质添加能够活化沉积物的有机磷,促使NOP向LOP和MLOP转化,有机质输入引起的沉积物有机磷形态变化要大于铁元素输入,而外源物质输入对污染较重河流沉积物的有机磷转化作用更为显著.因此,减少入湖河流周边的外源污染排放是减少湖泊生物可利用磷的有效途径. 相似文献
9.
S. G. Dobrovolski 《Water Resources》2007,34(6):607-618
Maps of a series of characteristics were calculated and constructed for RF territory, including mean values of changes in runoff depths (evaluated by the main climate models of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) due to greenhouse effect estimated for 2040–2070; root-mean-square deviations from these values; relative errors of the estimates; mean values of changes in the runoff depth for different scenarios of greenhouse gas emissions; absolute and relative deviations of these values from their means for scenarios and integration of models. Chronological forecasts of possible changes in the mean runoff values for the rivers of Volga, Northern Dvina, Pechora, Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Yana, Indigirka, Kolyma, and Amur up to 2100 are calculated, and the root-mean-square errors of these characteristics are evaluated for the maximum number of uncertainties in the forecast. The greenhouse effect is shown to be less significant, other factors being the same, for rivers with small drainage basins and rivers with small modulus of flow. 相似文献
10.
The study is focused on the specific features of ice regime in Amur lower reaches and the structure of ice surface in branches of different size and dynamic state. The main features of ice stratigraphy in different parts of the river have been identified, and ice cover characteristics have been found to show considerable heterogeneity across the channel. Quantitative data on the concentration of terrigenous material in the ice and its distribution within the ice mass have been collected. The amount of terrigenous material was estimated in the ice in Amur lower reaches, from where it is largely exported into the Sea of Okhotsk during spring ice drift. 相似文献
11.
A. A. Strobykina I. A. Zhabin V. I. Kim V. M. Shul’kin O. V. Dudarev 《Water Resources》2016,43(4):583-593
Data collected in 2005–2009 are analyzed to study the main features of hydrological processes in the main part of the Amur estuary—the Amur Liman. Data on the morphological structure of the liman and the surge and tidal phenomena are analyzed. The variability of salinity field in different phases of river hydrological cycle is studied. Wind currents are shown to have an appreciable effect on the water exchange and river runoff distribution between the seas of Japan and Okhotsk in the ice-free season. In summer, the Amur runoff enters the Sea of Okhotsk. The main features of the structure of liman water in summer are identified. The northern part of the estuary is freshened by river runoff and partially mixed; it has a two-layer structure. A salt wedge forms at the northern exit from the liman into the Sea of Okhotsk, and strong water stratification is observed there. 相似文献
12.
The article presents the results obtained in studying variations of the concentrations of ion composition, and nutrients in the surface waters of Southern Yakutia in the construction zone of the Amur–Yakutsk Railway Main Line, as well as in streams in the territory of the Neryungri Coal and Aldan Gold-Mining regions. In 2007–2012, the concentrations of major ions in the 15 examined watercourses varied mostly under the effect of natural conditions, while variations of the concentrations of major ions and nutrients in surface waters of the coal- and gold-mining regions, estimated for the past 30–40 years, were significant as the result of anthropogenic and technogenic impact. Variations of all examined chemical characteristics of water in the examined rivers did not go beyond their MACs introduced by SanPin. 相似文献
13.
We applied a three-dimensional ecosystem-physical coupled model including iron the effect to the Okhotsk Sea. In order to clarify the sources of iron, four dissolved iron compartments, based on the sources of supply, were added to Kawamiya et al.'s [1995, An ecological-physical coupled model applied to Station Papa. Journal of Oceanography, 51, 635-664] model (KKYS) to create our ecosystem model (KKYS-Fe). We hypothesized that four processes supply iron to sea water: atmospheric loadings from Northeastern Asia, input from the Amur River, dissolution from sediments and regeneration by zooplankton and bacteria. We simulated one year, from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2001, using both KKYS-Fe and KKYS. KKYS could not reproduce the surface nitrate distribution after the spring bloom, whereas KKYS-Fe agreed well with observations in the northwestern Pacific because it includes iron limitation of phytoplankton growth. During the spring bloom, the main source of iron at the sea surface is from the atmosphere. The contribution of riverine iron to the total iron utilized for primary production is small in the Okhotsk Sea. Atmospheric deposition, the iron flux from sediment and regeneration of iron in the water column play important roles in maintaining high primary production in the Okhotsk Sea. 相似文献
14.
Kim Vermonden Marion A. A. Hermus Marije van Weperen Rob S. E. W. Leuven Gerard van der Velde Alfons J. P. Smolders Jan G. M. Roelofs A. Jan Hendriks 《水文研究》2009,23(21):3110-3120
The water quality of urban drainage ditches in lowlands in the Rhine‐Meuse delta was analysed with principal component analysis (PCA) during a dry period and a rain storm, and related to the seepage of polluted river water and effective impervious area (EIA). This was done in order to test the hypothesis that seepage of river water and storm water runoff from impervious areas strongly determine the water quality of urban drainage systems along large lowland rivers. Our analysis revealed that upward seepage of groundwater originating from rivers Rhine and Meuse was positively correlated with nitrate, potassium, sodium and chloride and negatively correlated with alkalinity, calcium, magnesium and iron. EIA was correlated with very few environmental variables (i.e. phosphate, pH and iron in the dry period and iron during the rain storm). Nickel and zinc concentrations generally exceeded the maximum allowable concentrations (MAC), while lead and phosphorus concentrations were just above the nutrient standards and MAC in a few locations during the rain storm. To optimize water quality in urban water systems, attention should be paid to all sources of pollution and not only to EIA. The impact of local groundwater seepage originating from large rivers in lowlands on the chemistry of urban water systems is often underestimated and should be taken into account when assessing water quality and improving water quality status. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
The concentration and dynamics of organic matter in the Lower Amur water and near-floodplain lakes in the period of spring-summer flood and summer high low-flow period are described on the basis of hydrochemical and hydrological studies carried out in 2004–2005. The contribution of lakes to the organic component of Amur water is shown to vary within wide limits and depend on allochthonous and autochthonous processes as well as on the phase of Amur water regime. 相似文献
16.
应用底栖动物完整性指数评价上海市河流健康 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
据2011-2013年对上海市31条河流底栖动物的调查结果,对31个生物参数进行分布范围、判别能力以及相关性等进行分析,确定构建上海市河流底栖动物完整性指数(B-IBI)的4个参数:(寡毛类动物+蛭纲)数量百分比、耐污类群分类单元数、双翅目数量百分比和集食者分类单元数百分比.采用比值法统一量纲,将各个生物参数分值加和得到上海市河流B-IBI值.利用构建的B-IBI对上海市31条河流健康状况进行评价,结果表明:31条河流中,有4条河流处于健康状态,8条河流处于亚健康状态,9条河流处于一般状态,8条河流处于较差状态,2条河流处于极差状态;远郊河流健康状态最好,近郊次之,市区最差. 相似文献
17.
Barak Herut Hava Hornung Michael D. Krom Nurit Kress Yuval Cohen 《Marine pollution bulletin》1993,26(12):675-682
Concentrations of mercury, lead, copper, zinc, cadmium, iron and aluminium were recorded in coastal and river mouths surficial sediments, collected along the Mediterranean coast of Israel, during 1988–1991. The levels of trace metal concentrations when normalized against Fe concentration (trace metal/iron ratios) indicated no contamination at most of the stations along the coast. Enrichment of Hg, Cu, Zn and Cd attributed to land-based point sources of pollution, was found in the estuaries of the Kishon and Yarkon rivers. The normalized Pb, Cu and Zn data showed a trend of increasing values from the south toward the north. This S-N trend could be a result of three processes which may be occurring simultaneously: progressive mixing between sediment with a low trace metal/iron ratio in the south, which probably represents a single source derived from the Nile region with (a) non-point source input of pollutants by atmospheric transport, or (b) with point sources of pollutants introduced by rivers and streams, or (c) a natural change in the mineralogy of the sediments along the coast with a relative increase in the trace metals or a decrease in iron as one progresses further north. The relative importance of these three possible processes remains to be established. 相似文献
18.
Ice cover of the Amur River and its impact on channel processes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Special features of the Amur R. ice regime in its middle and lower reaches are discussed along with the role of river ice in bank erosion, transport of coarse fragmental material, bottom washout, and water flow redistribution among branches. Numerous and various consequences of the ice drift impact on the banks and floodplain, as well as the intensity of erosion processes in the Amur River channel during winter have been revealed. The water flow redistribution among the Amur River branches near Khabarovsk noticeably changed the ice regime, which was rehabilitated as a result of implementation of a complex of special measures. 相似文献
19.
Yu. S. Bretshtein 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2009,45(6):495-507
In the present paper the new petro- and paleomagnetic data on the Jurassic terrigenous complexes of the Mesozoic sedimentary basins of the Amur River region, Trans Baikal region, and Yakutia are presented. The magnetic properties of the sedimentary rocks of coastal-marine (paleo-shelf) and lake genesis are investigated in the contemporary intracontinental riftogenic Mesozoic superimposed troughs of the Siberian and Amur plates: the Chulmansk, the Unda-Dainsk, the Sredne-Amur, the Amuro-Zeisk, and the Verkhne-Bureinsk troughs. The statistically significant differences in the magnetic (anisotropic) characteristics of continental and marine deposits were inferred. The correlation of the scalar and tensor characteristics of magnetic susceptibility anisotropy and the parameters of its linearity, which depend indirectly on the intensity of the folding, is established. The preferential directions of regional stress during the fold formation are determined based on the analysis of the distribution of the axes of the tensor ellipsoid of the magnetic susceptibility anisotropy. The Jurassic positions of the paleomagnetic pole, which are close to the Mesozoic section of the trajectory of its apparent motion for the North Chinese plate and which differ from the Jurassic poles of the Siberian plate, are defined more accurately. The intraplate rotations of geoblocks within the limits of the amalgamated to the end of the Jurassic-to the beginning of the Cretaceous terrains as a part of the Amur tectonic plate are inferred. The calculated coordinates of the paleomagnetic pole indicate the larger than the present-day difference of the latitudinal positions of the southern part of the Siberian plate, and also of the Amur and North Chinese plates in the Early-Middle Jurassic time. This can be indicative of the fact that the total width of the shallow residual basins of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, which separated the geoblocks indicated in the Early-Middle Jurassic, attained the first thousands of kilometers, and/or such a difference in the paleolatitudes reflects the total value of the shortening (crowding) of the crust during the accretion and the fold formation. The time of the completion of the accretion of the terrains of the Amur and the North-Chinese plates and their attachment to the Siberian plate is not earlier than the end of the Late Jurassic-the beginning of the Cretaceous. 相似文献
20.
夏季滇池和入滇河流氮、磷污染特征 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
为探讨滇池入湖河流水体营养盐空间分布特征及其对滇池水体富营养化的影响,2014年7月采集了入滇4类典型河流(城市纳污型河流、城乡结合型河流、农田型河流、村镇型河流)及滇池水样,分析其氮、磷浓度.结果表明:4条入湖河流总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、硝态氮和氨氮污染均较严重;河流水体中TN、TP平均浓度大小为:农田型河流(大河)村镇型河流(柴河)城乡结合型河流(宝象河)城市纳污型河流(盘龙江),其中农田型河流(大河)水体TN、TP污染最为严重;在夏季,4条入湖河流水体中TN、TP浓度从上游向下游增加趋势比较明显,表明氮、磷沿河流不断富集;氮磷比分析表明,夏季河流输入氮、磷营养盐有利于藻类的生长,并且滇池浮游植物生长主要受TN浓度限制;夏季滇池南部入湖河流水体的TN、TP浓度高于北部入湖河流,该特征与滇池水体中TN、TP污染分布状况相反,推测滇池北部富营养化的主要影响因素是内源释放.因此,在今后的滇池水体富营养化研究中,应对滇池内源释放进行深入研究. 相似文献