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1.
In the present study, an attempt has been made to characterize the biophysical land units in Kanholi bara river basin of sub-humid tropical ecosystem of central India using remotely sensed data, field surveys and GIS based multi-criteria overlay analysis. The geo-spatial database on elevation, slope, landforms, soil depth, soil erosion, land use/land cover and hydrogeomorphological parameters has been generated using IRS-ID LISS-III satellite data coupled with soil survey data in GIS. The methodology followed in characterization of biophysical land units in GIS includes assigning scores for different classes of the layers and weighatges for different layers based on their characteristics and degree of influence on desired output. GIS based ‘multi criteria overlay’ analysis reveals seventeen distinct biophysical land units in the river basin. Severe (50.5-59.5) to very severe (59.5) biophysical stress units are found in plateau spurs, isolated mounds, linear ridges, dissected plateau and escarpments. These zones are associated with severe to very severe erosion, steep to very steep, extremely shallow soils, poor to very poor groundwater prospects, wastelands and scrublands. The characterization of biophysical land units helps in analysis of their potentials, problems and stress environment to plan and execute site-specific landscape management practices and maximize the productivity from each biophysical land unit. The present study demonstrates that generation of geo-spatial database based on remotely sensed data and field surveys in GIS and their analysis helps great extent in characterization of biophysical land units and analysis of their stress environment for management.  相似文献   

2.
在区域一体化背景下,对拟收储土地资源进行科学评价,有利于集约高效开发流域内土地资源,最大化土地增值收益,缓解流域整治带来的资金压力。本文通过对东莞市石马河流域潜在的可供开发土地进行摸查和评价研究,首先建立地块筛选指标体系,确定潜在收储地块;然后评估拟收储地块的规划条件、收储潜力和经济效益;最后提出相关收储整备建议。本文探索建立完整的"筛选-评价-收储计划"的土地资源评价体系,为政府部门进行流域综合开发和土地储备计划制定提供参考依据。  相似文献   

3.
以岷江上游流域为对象,选取3期9景TM/+ETM遥感影像,通过多步骤最大似然监督分类、变化检测,结合空间动态分析测算模型,分析近20年土地利用/覆被变化情况。结果表明:从整个流域分析,林地面积减少,主要转化为未利用地、建设用地和耕地;未利用地在前8年以每年3.7%、后8年以每年0.4%的速度增加;建设用地在1994—2002年以每年34%的速度增加,到2002—2010年增长速度减缓;耕地总面积减少54 431hm2;从县域分析,1994—2002年间,松潘和黑水县大面积林地转为未利用地;2002—2010年间,松潘县未利用地转为林地和建设用地,茂县和汶川县未利用地面积大幅增加。该研究结论不仅为国土资源管理部门优化土地利用结构提供依据,亦为当地政府实现生态资源可持续发展提供数据支撑。  相似文献   

4.
Utilising aerial photographs as the chief source of information an attempt has been made to study the land units, land use, land capability and limitations in relation to geomorphology of an area of about 350 sq. kms. in Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh. Besides identifying major individual landforms, the area is divided into four geomorphic environments each characterised by dominant landform pattern and relief. Each form and unit is described. Nine types of land units based on amount of slope and six land use classes were chosen after preliminary interpretation and a reconnaissance field check. The estimated range in slope is given for each land unit. The land’s capability and limitations are brought out from consideration of landforms, land units (slopes), nature of soil and water resources. Soil samples were collected from each geomorphic unit and analysed. The results are presented in the form of 3 maps and 2 tables, which may be of use for planning and development of the area.  相似文献   

5.
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6.
Land use/land cover investigation have been carried out in Varaha river basia (VRB) using remote sensing data of 1986 and 1992 and the changes in land use/land cover during the period are estimated Visual interpretation techniques have been followed to delineate various land use/laad cover categories It is inferred that the land use/land cover pattern of the area is controlled by local topography, climate and resourees, The tesults revealed significant changes in the area of built-up land irrigated land, plantation degraded forest and upland over a period of six years.  相似文献   

7.
Abstract

River basin assessment is crucial for water management and to address the watershed issues. So, an integrated river basin management and assessment model using morphometric assessment, remote sensing, GIS and SWAT model was envisaged and applied to Kaddam river basin, Telangana state, India. Morphometric results showed high drainage density ranging from 2.19 to 5.5?km2/km, with elongated fan shape having elongation ratio of 0.60–0.75 with sparse vegetation and high relief. Land use change assessment showed that 265.26?km2 of forest land is converted into irrigated land and has increased sediment yields in watersheds. The calibration (r 2?=?0.74, NSE?=?0.84) and validation (r 2?=?0.72, NSE?=?0.84) of SWAT model showed that simulated and observed results were in agreement and in recommended ranges. The SWAT simulations were used to compute mean annual water and sediment yield from 1997 to 2012, along with morphometric results to categorize critical watersheds and conservation structures were proposed accordingly.  相似文献   

8.
Planning Support Systems (PSS) comprise a wide variety of geo‐technological tools related to GIS and spatial modeling aimed at addressing land planning processes. This article describes the OpenRules system, a PSS based on a previous system called RULES. Among OpenRules new features are its architecture, based exclusively on free and open source software, and its applicability to all land use types, including rural and urban uses. In addition, OpenRules incorporates an unlimited number of land evaluation factors and a new objective in land use spatial allocation. OpenRules has been programmed in Java and implemented as a module of the free GIS software gvSIG, with full integration between the GIS and the decision support tools. Decision support tools include multicriteria evaluation, multiobjective linear programming and heuristic techniques, which support three basic stages of land use planning processes, namely land suitability evaluation, land use area optimization and land use spatial allocation. The application of OpenRules to the region of La Troncal, Ecuador, demonstrates its capability to generate alternative and coherent solutions through a scientific and justified procedure at low cost in terms of time and resources.  相似文献   

9.
The paper summarises a part of the results of an on-going project for quantifying the land use changes in Bhavani basin (Geographic co-ordinates N lat 10°55′ - 11°45′,E Long. 76°30′ - 77°45′). Landsat and aerial data have been used in monitoring the dynamic changes in land use patterns. Visually interpreted Landsat MSS data of two different dates in conjunction with the historic data acquired from the Survey of India topographic maps and field data were used in this investigation. Also land use changes over two test-sites in the basin were studied using aerial photographs. During the study, it has been observed that a direct correlation exists between the rainfall and the area irrigated. The repetitive coverage of the satellite data are found to be quite remarkable, especially the 1:250,000 False Colour Composites (FCC) in assessing rapidly the temporal land use changes of a region at a cheaper cost.  相似文献   

10.
The remote sensing technology has been widely used for mapping the vegetation types in the tropical landscapes. However, in the temperate and alpine arid regions of India very few studies have been conducted using this technique. In the mountainous temperate arid conditions the vegetation is largely confined to marsh meadows, streams courses, river valleys and moist pockets close to snowfields. The ground truth collection in these zones are physically challenging due to tough terrain and restricted mobility. The detailed mapping of vegetation and other land use classes in these areas is therefore, extremely difficult. This paper describes the use of IRS-ID LISS III sensor for deciphering land cover details Nubra Valley, northern portion of Ladakh Autonomous Hill Council, Jammu & Kashmir (India). This analysis essentially emphasizes in bringing out various vegetation classes (speciallyHippophae rhamnoides and other medicinal plant communities) along the narrow river valleys.  相似文献   

11.
王一波 《测绘通报》2021,(8):135-139
本文在分析中国大河流域水生态环境管理方法演变的基础上,结合当前生态文明建设的新背景和新需求,提出当前我国大河流域国土空间用途规划的建议方案。即设置水功能区、完善每个单元功能定位,并充分结合流域完整性。提出由国家、大河流域、功能分区、单个控制单元,并与行政区划相结合的流域国土空间用途分区方案;同时提出水环境、水资源及水生态的定量指标,明确流域国土管理方案和责任分配方法,为在生态文明建设背景下我国大河流域国土空间用途规划提供决策参考。  相似文献   

12.
An area of about 7500 km2 covering Cauvery delta has been studied from airphotos (1:60,000), Landsats (1:250,000) and survey of India topographic sheets (1:50,000) with a view to delineate various landforms, soils, land use, hydromorphic units, drainage, and flood intensity of the delta. The delta is composed of mainly ancient channels, delta p ains, fossil islands, levees, beach ridges, mangroves marshes and coastal dunes. The various soil types are clayey soils, silty soils, silty loams, sandy loams, coastal sands and alkaline clays. Paddy and sugarcane are dominant crops. The old channels are found to be zones of high ground water potential. The growth of delta seems to be from south to north with twelve abandoned meander lobes and three delta fronts with gradual influx of material into Bay of Bengal. The old rivet courses lying parallel to the present active Coleroon river in third stage of the growth of the delta seem to be severely affected by floods. Moderate to low growth is noticeable in the second stage of the of the delta. The oldest river course which debouched into Bay of Bengal near Adirama-patnam is less affected by floods. The delta plains, fossil islands, disturbed ridges and beach ridges are unaffected. Basing on landforms, soils, land use, hydrogeomorphology and flood intensity the land capability of the delta has been evaluated. About seven classes of land are interpreted.  相似文献   

13.
The Kosi river in north Bihar plains, eastern India presents a challenge in terms of long and recurring flood hazard. Despite a long history of flood control management in the basin for more than 5 decades, the river continues to bring a lot of misery through extensive flooding. This paper revisits the flooding problem in the Kosi river basin and presents an in-depth analysis of flood hydrology. We integrate the hydrological analysis with a GIS-based flood risk mapping in parts of the basin. Typical hydrological characteristics of the Kosi river include very high discharge variability, and high sediment flux from an uplifting hinterland. Annual peak discharges often exceed the mean annual flood and the low-lying tracts of the alluvial plains are extensively inundated year after year. Our flood risk analysis follows a multi-parametric approach using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and integrates geomorphological, land cover, topographic and social (population density) parameters to propose a Flood Risk Index (FRI). The flood risk map is validated with long-term inundation maps and offers a cost-effective solution for planning mitigation measures in flood-prone areas.  相似文献   

14.
通过对1978年、1998年和2010年3期遥感影像目视解译获得3期土地利用数据,分析清水河流域1978－2010年土地利用变化时空特征。研究表明：清水河流域1978－2010年期间,农用地、难利用地面积持续减少,林地、建设用地面积持续增加,草地面积先有所减少后增多,除林地以外其它土地类型变化幅度后期都较前期大;流域土地利用转移方向主要是农用地转为低、中、高覆盖度草地、林地和建设用地,中覆盖度草地转为低、高覆盖度草地和林地,低覆盖度草地转为中、高覆盖度草地、林地。结果表明,近年来清水河流域水土保持措施效果明显。  相似文献   

15.
The process of urbanization has induced rapid changes in the land use leading to many infrastructural and environmental problems, one of them being the frequent flooding during rains in major cities across the world. Present paper analyses the spatio-temporal variations in the urban land use of the Mithi river catchment in Mumbai and its effect on the river, its drainage and flooding events in catchment area, specifically in conjunction with the July 26, 2005 flood event in Mumbai City. Multi sensor satellite data and GIS techniques have been used to generate land use/land cover at three different points of time and study variations in the Mithi river course, thus correlating the land use/cover changes vis-a-vis the hydrographic and meteorologic information for the Mithi river catchment. Results point to the adverse human-induced influences on the Mithi river and its catchment. Almost 50% reduction in river width and 70% decrease in mudlfats and open spaces have been observed. There is also a clear rise in builtup from 29% to 70% between 1966 and 2005, thus increasing the impervious surface which in turn increases run-off during major rainfall, eventually flooding the city.  相似文献   

16.
Much effort has been applied to the study of land use multi‐objective optimization. However, most of these studies have focused on the final land use scenarios in the projected year, without considering how to reach the final optimized land use scenario. To fill this gap, a spatio‐temporal land use multi‐objective optimization (STLU‐MOO) model is innovatively proposed in this research to determine possible spatial land use solutions over time. The STLU‐MOO is an extension of a genetic land use multi‐objective optimization model (LU‐MOO) in which the LU‐MOO is generally carried out in different years, and the solutions at year T will affect the solutions at year T + 1. We used the Wuhan agglomeration (WHA) as our case study area. The STLU‐MOO model was employed separately for the nine cities in the WHA, and social, economic, and environmental objectives have been considered. The success of the experiments in the case study demonstrated the value and novelty of our proposed STLU‐MOO model. In addition, the results also indicated that the objectives considered in the case study were in conflict. According to the results, the optimal land use plan in 2050 can be traced back to 2040, 2030, and 2020, providing a series of Pareto solutions over the years which can provide spatio‐temporal land use multi‐objective optimization solutions to support the land use planning process.  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

Land use and land cover change, perhaps the most significant anthropogenic disturbance to the environment, mainly due to rapid urbanization/industrialization and large scale agricultural activities. In this paper, an attempt has been made to appraise land use/land cover changes over a century (1914–2007) in the Neyyar River Basin (L=56 km; Area = 483.4 km2) in southern Kerala – a biodiversity hot spot in Peninsular India. In this study, digital remote sensing data of the Indian Remote Sensing satellite series I-D (LISS III, 2006–2007) on 1:50,000 scale, Survey of India (SOI) toposheet of 1914 (1:63,360) and 1967 (1:50,000) have been utilized to map various land use/land cover changes. Maps of different periods have been registered and resampled to similar geographic coordinates using ERDAS Imagine 9.0. The most notable changes include decreases in areas of paddy cultivation, mixed crops, scrub lands and evergreen forests, and increases in built-up areas, rubber plantations, dense mixed forests, and water bodies. Further, large scale exploitation of flood plain mud and river sand have reached menacing proportions leading to bank caving and cut offs at channel bends. Conservation of land and water resources forms an important aspect of ecosystem management in the basin.  相似文献   

18.
The paper discusses the use of Remote Sensing techniques for the integrated economic land use planning in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, agricultural land use being the main objective. Broad aspects of physiography, soil, land use etc. have been described. An idea about the soil environment and erosion hazards is given. A land use pattern on the basis of land capability and land suitability classification together with cropping pattern has been evolved and the model has been developed for the Island.  相似文献   

19.
本文通过对建设用地资源潜力评价体系的研究,建立了适用于北京市的建设用地资源潜力评价体系:制定了"先筛选,后评价"的建设用地评价思路和工作流程。建立了可利用建设用地筛选模型;在理论构建的基础上,综合利用GIS技术,开发建立了北京市土地资源和建设用地综合决策分析平台。研究发现只有保障了空间数据质量,可利用建设用地资源潜力评价的准确性和可持续性才能得到根本保证。  相似文献   

20.
In this study, remote sensing (RS) with computer-based geographic information systems (GIS) techniques are used as a tool for monitoring the water basin area and water quality in Istanbul's relatively less polluted and comparatively less destroyed catchment of the metropolis drinking water dam reservoir named Terkos. It is necessary to work with recent data to be able to identify the effects of urbanization on the water quality of the Terkos dam catchment area that supplies drinking water to the metropolis. RS is an important tool to monitor water quality and urban terrain. For this aim, a project has been initiated at the Technical University Remote Sensing Laboratory, under the Istanbul Water and Sewerage Administration (ISKI) sponsorship in Istanbul. The project uses SPOT-PAN, XS and IRS-1C/D PAN and satellite data of 1993 and 2000 for urban analysis and Landsat-TM and LISS-III satellite data of 1992 and 2000 for water quality. For calibration and validation, ground truth samples are collected from the experimental area. The RS data was converted into the UTM coordinate system and image enhancement and classification techniques are used. Raster data is converted to vector data to assess the study area for analyzing in GIS for the purpose of planning and decision-making on protected water basin zones. As a result of monitoring land use and water quality changes, recommendations are made for planning and management of the protected environment of the Terkos catchment protected area. Measuring land use change is a very important issue for controlling the future development of the basin, GIS techniques are performed and results are illustrated in established models on the four protected zones of Terkos water basin.  相似文献   

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