共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
介绍了宁夏汝箕沟煤田煤系地层和烧变岩的反射光谱特征。通过采样分析烧变岩的铁含量,借助多元回归分析,确定了烧变岩中Fe3+含量与某些波段反射率的定量关系,提出了利用高光谱遥感图像提取Fe3+的方法。文中以汝箕沟煤田大岭湾火区、阴坡火区为试点,证明了该方法是有效的。该成果再次证明了高光谱遥感技术在矿产资源调查和定量分析中的有效性。 相似文献
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高光谱技术在汝箕沟煤田烧变岩和Fe3+丰度信息提取中的方法研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
介绍了宁夏汝箕沟煤田煤系地层和烧变岩的反射光谱特征.通过采样分析烧变岩的铁含量,借助多元回归分析,确定了烧变岩中Fe3+含量与某些波段反射率的定量关系,提出了利用高光谱遥感图像提取Fe3+的方法.文中以汝箕沟煤田大岭湾火区、阴坡火区为试点,证明了该方法是有效的.该成果再次证明了高光谱遥感技术在矿产资源调查和定量分析中的有效性. 相似文献
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本课题以可见光黑白航空像片为主要信息源,对陕西神府煤田新民烧变区进行了1:5万航空遥感地质调查,圈定了该区烧变岩分布范围及煤层自燃边界线。文中着重介绍了遥感调查煤层烧变区的技术方法与工作成果。调查区为煤层自燃死火区。调查首先从烧变岩的基本地质特征入手,划分了烧变岩的宏观类型,确定了烧变岩的主要形成时代,探讨了烧变岩的形成机理;第二,根据掌握资料选取已知区,研究烧变岩及煤层自燃边界线的影像特征,建立初步解译标志;第三,在全区范围内进行煤层自燃边界线的遥感调查,并对解译标志进行补充、修改与完善。在调查中,解译与调绘相结合,遥感与地面调查方法相结合,最终圈定了区内各煤层的自燃边界线,并经钻孔验证,精度达到要求。 相似文献
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应用遥感技术调查研究煤层自燃灾害 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文主要论述利用遥感技术对我国北方煤层已经熄灭的自燃火区及正在燃烧的活火区进行圈定的方法。死人区范围是以烧变岩反射光谱特征为依据,利用黑白及彩红外航空摄影图像进行解译圈定;大面积活火区则是以其热辐射特征为依据,利用热红外扫描图像解译圈定分布范围,小面积活火区则利用地面红外测温技术圈定分布范围,并取得了明显效果。 相似文献
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为研究如何利用遥感技术进行蛇绿岩岩矿信息识别和提取,以藏东罗布莎蛇绿岩为例,基于ETM和ASTER遥感数据,分别采用比值法和主成分分析法提取羟基类(蛇纹石、绿泥石)和铁染类(磁铁矿、橄榄石)矿物信息;利用纯净像元指数法(pure pixel index,PPI)提取端元波谱,结合地面已知岩性信息,分别采用光谱角分类法(spectral angle mapping,SAM)和波谱特征拟合法(spectral feature fitting,SFF)识别纯橄岩和橄榄岩,研究了罗布莎蛇绿岩及其主要蚀变矿物的空间分布特征.经过对比分析可知,用多种方法、多种数据提取的岩矿信息可以相互验证;提取出的纯橄岩和橄榄岩与所提取的羟基类和铁染类蚀变遥感异常信息有较好的空间重叠,且与地面调查结果基本吻合.研究表明,该方法用于蛇绿岩遥感岩矿信息提取是可行的,并取得较好的地质效果. 相似文献
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基于IKONOS数据的矿山开发占地信息提取 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以IKONOS数据为信息源,对甘肃省白银铜矿区进行矿山开发占地信息提取实验研究.在经过预处理的图像上对研究区内的地物进行光谱采样,分析地物的光谱特征;并进一步建立合适的波段计算经验公式,用密度分割函数将矿山背景与占地信息区分开,消除了背景干扰;再根据光谱特征建立新的波段处理模型,对只有矿山占地的图像进行第二次密度分割,将矿山占地信息细分,通过目视解译为占地信息赋予属性.实地查证结果表明,利用计算机提取矿山占地信息能弥补目视解译的不足,不仅节省人力、物力、财力和时间,而且信息提取结果准确,具有实际应用的意义,对同类地区的矿山占地信息提取具有一定的参考价值. 相似文献
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新疆拜城地区煤田煤层自燃的陆地卫星遥感探测方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用TM图像,结合区域实测、地质和区域能源分布资料,分析了煤田煤层自燃的光谱特征,对煤田地火燃烧区进行定位;在此基础上对新疆拜城地区TM图像进行线性变换、边界增强、波段运算、多波段假彩色合成等增强处理,识别并提取影像中煤田煤层自燃引起的地表热信息、地表植被异常和岩石烧变信息等,通过分析达到探测煤田火区的目的。 相似文献
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岩脉的调查是1:5万区调的内容之一,用传统地质方法对岩脉进行普查费时、费力,且规模小的岩脉易被遗漏。对风化破碎的岩脉以及岩脉之间的交切关系也不易确定。虽然岩脉解译在基岩裸露区并不是十分复杂的事,在我国西北地区对岩脉的解译标志及研究已有不少文章发表,本文则试图对我国东部一个重要金矿区内的岩脉遥感解译进行一些总结,为该地区区调中岩脉调查及与岩脉有关的矿产的普查探索出一种省时、省力而又比较准确的方法。 相似文献
11.
根据遥感物理基础，提出了应用ＤＴＭ计算出地表的太阳辐射强度，并以此为依据校正ＴＭ第６波段的象元值，消除地形的影响，突出由煤层自燃引起的地表热异常，为灭火工程及火区动态监测提供信息和指导。文中选择了新疆准南煤田的硫磺沟火区为试验区，展示了研究的成果。 相似文献
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朱爱萍 《测绘与空间地理信息》2018,(3):83-86
煤田自燃一直是煤矿生产不容忽视的问题。本文利用热红外遥感技术检测因煤火导致地面温度异常的地区,采用两种不同的遥感反演温度算法(单窗算法、基于影像的算法),使用ETM+数据并通过阈值分割法提取2010年乌尊布拉克煤田火区的温度。结果表明,两种遥感反演算法得到的地下煤火区地表温度的空间分布趋势一致,反演结果符合要求。据此对地下煤火的变化类型进行判断,并确定煤火的生成状况,从而为煤田火灾防治提供必要的决策支持。 相似文献
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Stutee Gupta Arijit Roy Dhruval Bhavsar Rajkanti Kala Sarnam Singh A. Senthil Kumar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(6):945-955
The hills of Uttarakhand witness forest fire every year during the summer season and the number of these fire events is reported to have increased due to increased anthropogenic disturbances as well as changes in climate. These fires cause significant damage to the natural resources which can be mapped and monitored using satellite images by virtue of its synoptic coverage of the landscape and near real time monitoring. This study presents burnt area assessment caused by the fire episode of April 2016 to the forest vegetation. Digital classification of satellite images was done to extract the burnt area which was found to be 3774.14 km2, representing 15.28% of the total forest area of the state. It also gives an account of cumulative progression of forest fire in Uttarakhand using satellite images of three dates viz. 23rd, 27th May and 2nd June, 2016. Results were analyzed at district, administrative and forest division level using overlay analysis. Separate area statistics were given for different categories of biological richness, forest types and protected areas affected by forest fire. The burnt area assessment can be used in mitigation planning to prevent drastic ecological impacts of the forest fire on the landscape. 相似文献
14.
煤层自燃是中国北方煤田中普遍存在的灾害现象,它不但烧掉了大量的煤炭资源,而且还污染了环境。实践证明,利用遥感影像判别火区位置、圈定火区范围和对火区进行动态监测,及时为灭火工程提供信息,是一项经济和社会意义很大的工作。由于受多种因素的制约,不同地区、不同波段、不同时相、不同空间分辨率的遥感图像,其影像特征（含与煤层自燃有关的热异常影像特征）都有较大的差异,因而从图像上分析和提取地物的热红外辐射特征时,需要考虑遥感图像类型、成像时间、地形条件、气象条件和岩性特征等因素的影响。本文着重讨论了地表辐射温度与上述各项因素之间的关系。 相似文献
15.
煤层自燃是中国北方煤田中普遍存在的灾害现象,它不但烧掉了大量的煤炭资源,而且还污染了环境。实践证明,利用遥感影像判别火区位置、圈定火区范围和对火区进行动态监测,及时为灭火工程提供信息,是一项经济和社会意义很大的工作。由于受多种因素的制约,不同地区、不同波段、不同时相、不同空间分辨率的遥感图像,其影像特征（含与煤层自燃有关的热异常影像特征）都有较大的差异,因而从图像上分析和提取地物的热红外辐射特征时,需要考虑遥感图像类型、成像时间、地形条件、气象条件和岩性特征等因素的影响。本文着重讨论了地表辐射温度与上述各项因素之间的关系。 相似文献
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George P. Petropoulos Charalambos Kontoes Iphigenia Keramitsoglou 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
Information on burnt area is of critical importance in many applications as for example in assessing the disturbance of natural ecosystems due to a fire or in proving important information to policy makers on the land cover changes for establishing restoration policies of fire-affected regions. Such information is commonly obtained through remote sensing image thematic classification and a wide range of classifiers have been suggested for this purpose. The objective of the present study has been to investigate the use of Support Vector Machines (SVMs) classifier combined with multispectral Landsat TM image for obtaining burnt area mapping. As a case study a typical Mediterranean landscape in Greece was used, in which occurred one of the most devastating fires during the summer of 2007. Accuracy assessment was based on the classification overall statistical accuracy results and also on comparisons of the derived burnt area estimates versus validated estimates from the Risk-EOS Burnt Scar Mapping service. Results from the implementation of the SVM using diverse kernel functions showed an average overall classification accuracy of 95.87% and a mean kappa coefficient of 0.948, with the burnt area class always clearly separable from all the other classes used in the classification scheme. Total burnt area estimate computed from the SVM was also in close agreement with that from Risk-EOS (mean difference of less than 1%). Analysis also indicated that, at least for the studied here fire, the inclusion of the two middle infrared spectral bands TM5 and TM7 of TM sensor as well as the selection of the kernel function in SVM implementation have a negligible effect in both the overall classification performance and in the delineation of total burnt area. Overall, results exemplified the appropriateness of the spatial and spectral resolution of the Landsat TM imagery combined with the SVM in obtaining rapid and cost-effective post-fire analysis. This is of considerable scientific and practical value, given the present open access to the archived and new observations from this satellite radiometer globally. 相似文献
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Remote sensing techniques are specially suitable to detect and to map areas affected by forest fires. In this work, Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data has been used to study a number of forest fires that occurred in the province of Valencia (Spain) and to monitor the vegetation regeneration over burnt areas. A reference area (non‐burnt forest) was established to assess the change produced by fire. The radiance in the thermal band (10.4–12.5 μm) and the normalized difference in reflectance between near 1R (0.76–0.90 μm) and middle IR (2.08–2.35 μm) were the most suitable parameters to map burnt areas. This index can also be used for monitoring vegetation regeneration in burnt areas. About a month after the fire, the burns show temperatures of 5–6 °C higher than those found in the reference area, and the vegetation index shows negative values whereas the reference area values remain positive. The differences between the burns and the reference area for the vegetation index decrease with time as vegetation regenerates. 相似文献