共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 812 毫秒
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通过对中国大陆及青藏高原、新疆、华北和东北各构造区的地震活动性的分析,论证了区域地震活动是一种自组织临界现象.利用分形理论中的粗视化网格法,研究了中国大陆以及各构造区断层系的分形特点和分形结构的跨尺度特征.开展了组构具有分形特点的沙堆模型实验.结合断裂力学理论,认为地震的自组织临界现象源于分形几何断层系的自组织临界性动力学过程,地震分维数和断层系分维数之间存在着一种正相关关系,明确了断层系分形和地震活动性分形之间的因果关系.在此基础上,提出了系统组构的分形是系统输出能量的分形的根源的观点,并进一步利用已有的观测资料进行了分析.最后,基于这个观点和区域断层分布可以通过常规的航卫片分析、地面调查和地质勘探等手段确定的事实,提出了利用断层的分维数与地震的分维数的相关关系,对区域地震的概率分布特征进行估计的观点,可为地震的预测预报提供参考. 相似文献
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本文根据Okubo等人测量圣安德烈斯断层系所用的复盖维数法,对海原断层系进行了分形测量,求出海原断层系的整体维数D_0=1.137,其景泰段D_0=1.109,海原段D_0=1.182。计算中未得到邵家水段和李使堡段的分维数。此外,文中还着重探讨了断层几何与地震活动性及其力学环境的关系,进一步证明了自相似断层的几何复杂性与地震活动密切相关,剪切断裂带具较低分维数(1.1—1.3),而在张性环境中形成的断裂体系具较高的分维数(1.5—1.6)。最后本文讨论了断层迹线图等因素对分形测量精度的影响。 相似文献
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本文利用box—Counting法讨论了新疆各主要断裂带的几何分形,得出了各断裂带的分维值。结合区域构造及地震活动性特点,分析讨论了断层分形几何学在判定强震危险区方面的应用前景。结果表明,相应于较大的断层分维数,则对应于较强的地震活动水平;相应于较小的断层分维值,则对应于较弱的地震活动水平。一方面,断裂分维值较高的断裂带,其构造也较复杂。因而,断层分维有可能作为判定活动断裂带地震活动水平的一种特征物理量。 相似文献
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昌马断裂带的分维几何学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1.前言美国地震学者P.G.Okubo等人(1987)在帕克菲尔德—索尔顿湖长达近千公里的圣安德烈斯断裂带上,分六段对该断裂进行了分维解析,发现该断层具明显的分维结构,计算出六段的分维数为:1.12～1.43。研究结果表明,较大的分维数D值与断裂带上断层几何形态复杂的地段相对应,同时这些地段又是历史强震区。在国内,断层分维几何学研究也 相似文献
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地表的断裂分布具有复杂的几何结构，分形几何学是定量研究断裂复杂性和破碎性的一种数学方法，本文应用分维几何学的方法，在比例尺为1：50万的山东省构造体系图上，对沂沭断裂带（山东段）（以下简称沂沭带）断层系统进行了分段解析、计算，并得到了各段的分维值。沂沭带全带断层的分维值为1.34，南段分维值为1.29，北段分维值为1.41，结果表明，分维可以表征断层的不均匀性、不规则性和复杂性等。与沂沭带地震活动南高北低情况对比认为，断层系统分维低的地区地震活动性可能较高。 相似文献
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断层泥粒度成分的分形研究 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10
用分形理论分析了断层泥粒度成分的分形结构特征，其分维在２～３之间，平均值为２．８左右。分维可作为定量描述断层泥粒度成分的参数，分维值高的断层泥，自组织程度高，其形成演化处于高级阶段。探讨了断层泥的分维及其物理力学性质指标和断层运动特征的关系 相似文献
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本文引入地震断层的自扩展破裂模式,用以解释地震序列的特征并计算地震断层的分维数。由自扩展破裂模式,本文导出地震断层的分维数为D=ln(1+Abln q/1+q)/ln q/1+q,其中q为余震区长度与主震的破裂尺度之比,A=2.1。在q≥1时,D=Ab,这与Aki的公式b=D/2是一致的。 相似文献
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断层系、地震及其关系的分形研究——以中国为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
运用分形理论以中国为例对断层系、地震及其关系进行了分形研究,探讨了断层系分维值D和地震活动分维值D的意义,并根据D,D的差异进行了断层系、地震综合关系的研究. 相似文献
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The quantitative analysis of morphologic characteristics of bedrock fault surface is a useful approach to study faulting history and identify paleo-earthquake. It is an effective complement to trenching technique, specially to identifying paleo-earthquakes in a bedrock area where the trenching technique cannot be applied. This paper focuses on the Luoyunshan piedmont fault, which is an active normal fault extending along the eastern boundary of the Shanxi Graben, China. There are a lot of fault scarps along the fault zone, which supply plentiful samples to be selected to our research, that is, to study faulting history and identify paleo-earthquakes in bedrock area by the quantitative analysis of morphologic characteristics of fault surfaces. In this paper, we calculate the 2D fractal dimension of two bedrock fault surfaces on the Luoyunshan piedmont fault in the Shanxi Graben, China using the isotropic empirical variance function, which is a popular method in fractal geometry. Results indicate that the fractal dimension varies systematically with height above the base of the fault surface exposures, indicating segmentation of the fault surface morphology. The 2D fractal dimension on a fault surface shows a ‘stair-like’ vertical segmentation, which is consistent with the weathering band and suggests that those fault surfaces are outcropped due to periodic faulting earthquakes. However, compared to the results of gneiss obtained by the former researchers, the characteristic fractal value of limestone shows an opposite evolution trend. 1)The paleo-earthquake study of the bedrock fault surface can be used as a supplementary method to study the activity history of faults in specific geomorphological regions. It can be used to fill the gaps in the exploration of the paleo-earthquake method in the bedrock area, and then broaden the study of active faults in space and scope. The quantitative analysis of bedrock fault surface morphology is an effective method to study faulting history and identify paleo-earthquake. The quantitative feature analysis method of the bedrock fault surface is a cost-effective method for the study of paleo-earthquakes in the bedrock fault surface. The number of weathered bands and band height can be identified by the segment number and segment height of the characteristic fractal dimension, and then the paleoearthquake events and the co-seismic displacement can be determined; 2)The exposure of the fault surface of the Luoyunshan bedrock is affected and controlled by both fault activity and erosion. A strong fault activity(ruptured earthquake)forms a segment of fault surface which is equivalent to the vertical co-seismic displacement of the earthquake. After the segment is cropped out, it suffers from the same effect of weathering and erosion, and thus this segment has approximately the same fractal dimension. Multiple severe fault activities(ruptured earthquake)form multiple fault surface topography. The long-term erosion under weak hydrodynamic conditions at the base of the fault cliff between two adjacent fault activities(intermittent period)will form a gradual slow-connect region where the fractal dimension gradually changes with the height of the fault surface. Based on the segmentation of quantitative morphology of the two fault surfaces on the Luoyunshan piedmont fault, we identified four earthquake events. Two sets of co-seismic displacement of about 3m and 1m on the fault are obtained; 3)The relationship between the fault surface morphology parameters and the time is described as follows:The fractal dimension of the limestone area decreases with the increase of the exposure time, which reflects the gradual smoothing characteristics after exposed. The phenomenon is opposite to the evolution of the geological features of gneiss faults acquired by the predecessors on the Huoshan piedmont fault; 4)Lithology plays an important role in morphology evolution of fault surface and the two opposite evolution trends of the characteristic fractal value on limestone and gneiss show that the weathering mechanism of limestone is different from that of the gneiss. 相似文献
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山西及邻区水系与黄土冲沟的分形几何学分析结果及其与构造活动的关系 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
本文用分形几何理论,对山西及邻区水系与黄土冲沟作了分析,发现水系与冲沟分维值的大小反映了该区构造活动性的强弱,分维值的分布定量地反映了区域构造活动的背景及各区域构造活动性的差异,在构造活动强的区域,分维值高,反之则低。按分维值的大小山西断陷带分成南中北三段,以中段介休-临汾一带的分维值及反映的构造活动性最强。该区分维值的分布及反映的构造活动性有从四周向中间增强的特点,增强区与强震的发生有关 相似文献
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六棱山北麓断裂新活动特征 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
通过对六棱山北麓活动断裂的几何结构、分段活动特征及段落边界等方面的地质地貌调查与研究，认为该活动断裂可分为４段，除东段在早更新世有过活动外，其他３段均为晚更新世晚期～全新世活动段，段落长度１０～３９ｋｍ。该断裂在晚中生代表现为逆冲性质，至新生代随区域构造应力场的变化而转变为倾滑正断层。各段落上垂直位移量分布呈包络线状，而且各段平均滑动速率不同，西大东小，显示断裂新活动强度自西向东变弱 相似文献
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念青唐古拉山南东麓断层的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
念青唐古拉山南东麓断层位于尼木、当雄、谷露一带,长240km,总体走向NE,倾向SE,由力学性质、运动方式不同的三大段构成。晚第四纪以来,该断层强烈活动,目前能比较确定的活动次数至少有6—7次;断层切断一系列地质、地貌体,留下了丰富的位移现象;晚第四纪以来,平均水平滑动速率4.2mm/a、垂直滑动速率3.5mm/a。沿断层观察到多次古地震和历史地震的地表破裂;现今地震震中主要位于该断层附近,等震线的长轴方向也与该断层的走向一致。表明该断层是青藏高原内部一条强烈活动的发震断层。 相似文献
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LATE QUATERNARY SINISTRAL STRIKE-SLIP ACTIVITIES OF SANWEI SHAN FAULT IN THE NORTH OF TIBETAN PLATEAU 
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下载免费PDF全文 Sanwei Shan Fault is located in the north of Tibet, which is a branch of eastern segment of Altyn Tagn fault zone. This fault is distributed along the boundary of fault facet and the Quaternary, with the total length of almost 150km. The fault is a straight-line structure read from the satellite image. Based on the spatial distribution of the fault, three segments are divided, namely, Xishuigou-Dongshuigou segment, Dongshuigou-West Shigongkouzi segment and West Shigongkouzi-Suangta segment, these three segments are distributed by left or right step.Though field microgeomorphology investigation along Sanwei Shan Fault, it has been found that two periods of alluvial-pluvial fans are distributed in front of Sanwei Shan Mountain, most of which are overstepped. Comparing the distribution of alluvial-pluvial fans with their formation age in the surrounding regions, and meanwhile, taking the results of optical stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating, it's considered that the formation age of the older alluvial-pluvial fans, which are distributed in northern Qilian Shan, inside of Hexi Corridor and western Hexi Corridor(including the Sanwei Shan piedmont fans), is between later period of late Quaternary and earlier period of Holocene. The gullies on the older fan and ridges have been cut synchronously. The maximum and minimum sinistral displacement is 5.5m and 1.7m, but majority of the values is between 3.0~4.5m. Taking the results from the OSL dating, we conclude that the minimum sinistral strike-slip rate is(0.33±0.04) mm/a since 14 ka BP and(0.28±0.03) mm/a since 20 ka BP. 相似文献