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1.
Sixteen genotypes developed through hybridization and mutation breeding techniques were evaluated during the year 2003–04 on nine locations covering most of the area of Punjab province including Faisalabad, Toba Tek Singh and Jhang. NIAB-IRRI-9, Jhona-379 salt tolerant genotypes and super Basmati, a salt sensitive variety were included as standard checks. The tested material (six genotypes) was generated by crossing fine varieties of rice viz. Basmati-370 and Basmati-385 with three coarse varieties of rice viz. NIAB-IRRI-9, Jhona-349 and NIAB-Rice-1. The mutants (seven mutants) were derived by gamma irradiation of rice varieties, Basmati-370 and Basmati-385. The nine sets of experiments were conducted in the naturally high saline sodic soils having EC range of 9.2–18.13 d/Sm pH=8.65–9.50, and SAR=20.7–37.15. The seed yield data collected at maturity and stability parameters were computed to know genotypic x environment interaction and varietals performance. The combined analysis of variance showed highly significant variance in case of varieties, locations and varieties x locations interaction. Varieties and varieties x Environment (Lin) also showed highly significant differences. It means that genotypes exhibited different behavior in different locations / environments which is due to their different genetic make up. The behavior may be cross over (in which significant change in ranking occurs from one environment to another) or cross over nature (in which case the ranking of genotype remains constant across environments and the interaction is significant because of change in the magnitude of response) depending upon the ranking order of genotypes performance under different environment. In our study, only super Basmati behavior was of almost non cross over nature, while others had cross over type of interaction. Based on overall mean seed performance, mutant NIAB-Rice-4 and DM-38/88 produced significantly the highest grain yield (5.6 t/ha) followed by mutant line NIAB-Rice-5 (5.4 t/ha) and NIAB-rice-2 (5.3 t/ha). The lowest performing genotype was super Basmati (3.0 t/ha). The coarse variety Jhona-349 produced (4.8 t/ha) grain yield. Mutant line DM-38/88 showed significant regression co-efficient differences from unity while mutant line NIAB-Rice-4 showed non significant difference of regression co-efficient from unity. Mutant line, NIAB-Rice-4 also showed non significant difference of standard deviation to regression co-efficient from zero. All the three parameters of stability i.e. overall mean seed yield, regression co-efficient and standard deviation to regression, provided clear evidence that mutant line NIAB-Rice-4 produced maximum stable yield compared to super Basmati.  相似文献   

2.
Thirteen genotypes of cotton developed through hybridization and mutation breeding techniques were evaluated during two consecutives years 2002-03-04 on eight locations covering most of the area of Punjab province including Faisalabad, Toba Tek Singh and Jhang. The eight sets of experiments were conducted in the naturally highly saline sodic soils, EC ranges from 7.8–36.1 d/Sm, pH=8.1–8.8, SAR=10.1–40.5, Saturation percentage 31.3–40.8 and texture Sandy Clay loam and Clay loam. The seed yield data was collected at maturity and stability parameters were computed to know genotypic environment interaction and varietals performance. The combined analysis of variance showed highly significant variance in case of varieties, locations and varieties x environment (Lin) also showed highly significant differences. It means that genotypes exhibited different behavior in different locations/environments which is due to their different genetic make up. The behavior may be cross over (in which significant change in ranking order occurs from one environment to another) or cross over nature (in which case the ranking of genotypes remains constant across environments and the interaction is significant because of change in the magnitude of response) depending upon the ranking order of genotypes performance under different environments. In our study only S-12 behavior was of almost non cross over nature, while others had cross over type of interaction. Based on over all seed yield cotton variety NIAB-999 and CIM-707 produced highest seed yield cotton (3.2 t/ha, 3.17t/ha). The lowest seed yield cotton was noted in S-12 (1.86 t/ha). All the three parameters of stability i.e. overall mean seed yield cotton, regression coefficient and standard deviation to regression provided clear evidence that variety NIAB-999 and CIM-707 produced maximum stable yield compared to S-12.  相似文献   

3.
Twenty-six cowpea cultivars were tested for yellow mosaic virus resistance at NIAB Faisalabad. NCPM-1, Elite, IT-84-552, No.44, P-518, S.A. Dandy, IT-97k-350-4, IT-93K-452, IT-97K-1042-8 and IT-97K-497-2 showed resistant reaction to yellow mosaic virus disease. As the study was aimed to select disease resistant and high yielding cultivars. Five cultivars viz. NCPM-1, Elite. S.A. Dandy, IT-97K-497-2 and IT-97K-1042-8 were chosen and evaluated at five different ecological zones during the year 2003. At each location, the experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design keeping 7.2 m2 plot size in three repeats. At maturity the seed yield was collected and subjected to analysis of variance following stability parameters, varieties, environment and varieties x environment showed significant differences. Significant and highest seed yield (880 kg/ha) was observed in NIAB cowpea mutant-1 followed by Elite (729 Kg/ha). The highest yielding genotypes i.e. NIAB cowpea Mutant-1 and Elite showed non-significant differences of regression coefficient from one. Moreover these genotypes also exhibited non-significant difference of standard deviation to regression from zero. Based on three parameters i.e. high mean seed yield, regression coefficient and standard deviation to regression, these genotypes showed excellent and trustworthy stable performance over different environment. Hopefully these genotypes will definitely be helpful for increasing one local production of cowpea crop.  相似文献   

4.
Thirteen genotypes of rice comprising of approved varieties and elite candidate lines were studied at three different water regimes by supplying 12, 8 and 4 numbers of irrigations at different intervals/ stages. The experiment was conducted at NIAB Farm Faisalabad, Pakistan on a clay loam soil applying normal doses of N and P fertilizers during 2002–2003 keeping varieties in the main plot while treatments in sub plot. The data for twelve morphological characters i.e. days to flower, days to mature, plant height, panicle length, number of productive tillers, number of primary and secondary branches, 1000 grain weight, sterile grains per spike, number of total grains per spike, fertility percentage, grain yield were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared following DMR test. Effect of water stress on different morphological attributes in all treatments showed significant differences. Plant height, branches per plant, number of grains and grain yield reduced at less number of irrigations while sterility percentage was increased at less moisture conditions. Maximum grain yield (5349 Kg/ha) was achieved at T1 where 12 number of irrigations were applied at T2 (8 irrigations) and T3 (4 irrigations). The yield reduction was observed from 30.32% to 42.53%, respectively as compared to T1 (12 irrigations). Rice variety DM 64198 produced the highest seed yield (4766 Kg/ha) followed by DM-3-89 (4770 Kg/ha).This might be due to different genetic make up of the breeding lines and their behavior and interaction in water stress environment. Furthermore, high irrigation level made possible the appropriate water availability possible at proper time for performing different types of physiochemical processes of development that hindered at less number of irrigation or water stress environment. It may be concluded that for achieving maximum economic yield, at least 12 irrigations were essential otherwise the production will be reduced to a considerable extent.  相似文献   

5.
This work diagnoses the present salinity of the Riguel and Arba Rivers (Spain) and predicts its expected evolution using geochemical models applied to the modernization of the actual Bardenas I and the completion of irrigation in the Bardenas II irrigation districts. The results show a progressive increase in salinity (from 0.39 to 2.21 dS/m electrical conductivity) in the Riguel-Arba system, due to the cumulative collection of irrigation return flows and its progression towards more saline facies. The Bardenas I modernization, involving an increase in irrigation efficiency from 50 to 90%, will decrease the volume and salinity of the Riguel River by 30%. In contrast, irrigation of the new 24,000 ha Bardenas II land will increase the flow (12%) and salinity (21%) of the Arba River. Geochemical models may help in providing sensible estimates on the impact of irrigation on the salinity of the receiving water bodies.  相似文献   

6.
Wheat being a glycophyte crop, responds differently to saline-sodic soil environmental conditions. The application of calcium is multidimensional with respect to sodium ion and plant part response. This study was conducted to record the response of shoot and root to sodium and calcium interaction under saline environment. Wheat seed of variety Punjab 85 were raised in quartz sand. Later on the seedlings were transplanted to pots containing Hoagland’s nutrient solution along with NaCl at 0 mM. and 50 mM. Calcium was applied as CaSO2 2H2O at 3 mM. and 6 mM. Under saline conditions shoot showed positive response to sodium ion in the presence of higher calcium. Relative water contents were higher in the root system at 6 mM of CaSO4. 2H2O under saline condition. Growth responses to potassium and Magnesium in the presence of sodium induced salinity with calcium ion interaction remained variable.  相似文献   

7.
Salt tolerance in eighteen advanced rice genotypes was studied under an artificially salinized (EC=8.5 dSm?1) soil conditions after 90 days of transplanting. The results showed that the yield per plant, chlorophyll concentrations, fertility percentage, and number of productive tillers, panicle length and number of primary braches per panicle of all the genotypes were reduced by salinity. However, genotypes viz. Jhona-349 x Basmati-370, NR-1, DM-59418, DM-63275, DM-64198 and DM-38-88 showed better salinity tolerance than others.  相似文献   

8.
Spatial distribution of the salinity in groundwater used for irrigation and irrigated soil was investigated on Gammouda Plain, an important agricultural area in central Tunisia. Samples from 188 wells and irrigated fields were obtained in November 1988. Groundwater salinity ranges from 2 to 30 dS/m, and 50 percent of the sampled wells have a salinity higher than 3.5 dS/m. In most cases the soil samples have a salinity higher than 4 dS/m. Maps of salinity and leaching were produced by a geostatistical interpolation method based on ordinary kriging. In a great part of the plain, the estimated salinity levels indicate that there is a considerable risk for reduced yield potential for several of the most important crops grown. A rough estimation of the leaching fraction was computed from the soil and water salinity. Computer-based models of salinity ought to facilitate the general planning of irrigation management and crop selection.  相似文献   

9.
运用地层水物理化学分析方法对鄂尔多斯盆地彭阳地区侏罗系延安组地层水离子浓度、矿化度、离子组合等特征进行综合研究,从而揭示其类型、演化过程和成因。研究结果表明,研究区地层水以Cl–、（ Na++ K+）离子为主,SO42-及Ca2+离子次之,具较高矿化度;地层水为盐水和卤水,主要为CaCl2型和Na2SO4型;Piper三线图解表明,未发生淡水混入作用,整体为交替停滞的缺氧还原环境。研究区延安组地层水矿化度高、离子浓度组合特征反映地层具较强的还原环境,有利于油藏保存;为原生沉积水,在演化过程中受到了蒸发浓缩作用、水—岩作用及生物作用的共同影响;地层水分布受前侏罗纪古地貌的影响较强,不同古地貌单元地层水的化学性质明显不同。  相似文献   

10.
Electrical conductivity (EC) and geochemical data were interpreted to determine the nature, origin and distribution of salinity in pore waters of sediments in a deltaic environment. The role of diffusion as a mechanism for transporting saline water within lower permeability prodelta and delta slope sediments is specifically investigated. Characteristic vertical salinity profiles at several different regions of the Fraser River Delta, British Columbia (Canada) are identified, including relatively shallow salinity zones in areas currently and historically near main river channels, and deeper salinity zones reaching up to 300 m depth in delta-front and inland areas. Comparison of salinity profiles with the results of a simple salt transport model suggests that diffusion may be a significant mechanism controlling the observed distribution of salinity in current or former estuarine areas of the delta.Density-effects were found not to be significant given the low permeability of the silt through which the salt is diffusing; however, in similar environments with higher permeability sediments, density effects may be significant. In inland and delta front areas, salinity extends to a considerable depth in the silts, beyond what would appear to be possible by diffusion alone, and points to a connate origin.  相似文献   

11.
陈文岭  靳孟贵  朱永惠  王在敏 《地球科学》2015,40(11):1887-1895
微咸水在西北干旱区广泛分布, 越来越多地被运用于灌溉棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)等作物.微咸水中NaCl和微量元素含量比淡水高, 有关NaCl和微量元素各自对棉花生长的影响已有大量研究, 而他们对棉花生长的相互作用研究比较缺乏.选取对棉花生长作用敏感的NaCl和微量元素Zn, 开展不同NaCl和Zn浓度灌溉水盆栽试验.结果表明, 缺Zn环境下, 在灌溉水电导率为2.90~3.95 dS/m的范围内, 随着电导率增大, NaCl促进棉花根和地上部生长及皮棉产量增加.富Zn环境下, 灌溉水电导率大于5.04 dS/m时, 随着电导率增大皮棉产量明显下降.在灌溉水中Zn浓度为0.192 0~3.068 0 μmol/L的范围内, Zn浓度越大棉花营养生长越快; 大于0.767 6 μmol/L时, 随着Zn浓度增大皮棉产量下降.灌溉水中NaCl和Zn对棉花生长和产量的影响作用, 表现为相互拮抗作用关系.棉花叶的Ca、K、Mg、B和Fe含量以及铃的Cu和Zn含量高于其他组织, Na和Mn不易迁移, 易富集在棉花根部.Zn在盐胁迫条件下影响棉花对营养元素的吸收, 使棉花体内相关营养元素含量发生变化, 进而影响棉花生长及产量.   相似文献   

12.
Irrigated agriculture is causing certain deterioration of the quality of rivers and aquifers. The objective of this study is to analyse the agri-environmental repercussions caused by climatic changes in a typical irrigated land in the Ebro valley (Spain). The irrigation efficiency and agri-environmental impact in a basin of irrigated land (95 ha) were compared for two hydrological years with different pluviometry [October 2000/September 2001 (526 mm/year) vs. October 2004/September 2005 (211 mm/year)]. For this end, water balances were carried out in every plot and the quantity and quality (salinity and nitrates) of the water circulating through the drainage of the basin were gauged. The results indicate that in 2004/2005 farmers adjusted the irrigation doses better on each irrigation occasion, thus diminishing the fraction of drainage of the same (50% vs. 31%) and increasing the consumptive water use efficiency (56% vs. 79%). Nevertheless, the drought of 2004/2005 determined inappropriate irrigation management as the crops suffered a greater hydric deficit (3% vs. 23%). In 2004/2005, drainage waters presented higher electric conductivity (0.92 dS/m vs. 0.94 dS/m) and smaller nitrate concentration (96 mg/l vs. 74 mg/l). Last year, 55, 54 and 65% less of water, salts and N–NO3−, respectively, were exported in the drainage. The lesser environmental impact in the year 2004/2005 was influenced by more appropriate use of water and agrichemical resources. Nevertheless, it is necessary to continue optimizing agricultural practices, mainly irrigation and fertilization, in order to minimize nitrate pollution and to confront years of drought.  相似文献   

13.
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the phytotoxic effect of aluminum and chromium on the germination and early growth of two wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties Anmol and Kiran. Seed were treated with 40, 80, 120 and 160 ppm of aluminum and chromium solution individually and in combined form. Observations were made on seed germination, root, shoot and seedling length, and dry biomass. Seed germination and dry biomass showed no effect of aluminum, chromium and combined treatment. Root, shoot and seedling length of both the varieties showed significant (P<0.05) decrease as compared to control. The growth was also reduced as the concentration of aluminum and chromium increased. Seedling length decreased in both the varieties at all the concentration of different treatment of aluminum, chromium and combined treatment. Attempts are being made in different laboratories to construct novel plants using genetic manipulation technologies that may have a greater tolerance to the presence of toxic metals. The results of the present study may help in understanding the mechanisms involved and their possible use in pytoremediation.  相似文献   

14.
Smectites from the Ishirini bentonite deposit (Libya) were analysed for their oxygen and hydrogen isotopic ratios. Based on published isotopic fractionation data, the results indicate a predominantly meteoric origin of the fluids responsible for the transformation of pyroclastic rocks to bentonite at temperatures ranging from 30 to 90 °C. The thermal effect of the subsequent emplacement of volcanic intrusions was further evaluated by a detailed study of δ18O isotopic composition of smectites and fluid inclusions in quartz separated from silicified rings produced by the thermal action of a basalt dike. Five different groups of fluids were distinguished based on salinity and homogenization temperatures.

The contact zone of bentonite affected by high concentrated saline solution exhibit mineralogical changes. High salinity and high temperature also remarkably influence the technical parameters of bentonites and reduce, for example, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) or microporosity.  相似文献   


15.
Origin of salinity of deep groundwater in crystalline rocks   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Stober  & Bucher 《地学学报》1999,11(4):181-185
Deep groundwater in fractured crystalline basement has been reported from deep mines and from scientific deep wells. Highly saline brines have been described from several km depth in the continental basement of the Canadian, Fennoscandian and Ukrainian shields and elsewhere in the world. The origin of salinity is unknown and many different possibilities have been presented. We compare the compositional evolution of deep waters in the Black Forest basement, SW Germany, with those of other deep crystalline waters, and use halogen systematics (e.g. Cl/Br ratios) and other parameters of the waters to deduce the origin of their salinity. In the Black Forest the composition of deep thermal waters results from chemical interaction of surface water with the rock matrix (mainly weathering of plagioclase and mica) and from mixing of the reacted water with stagnant saline deep water. Here we show by Na/TDS-and Cl/TDS-investigations, by molality-ratios of the Na and Cl concentrations, and by Cl/Br systematics that these deep saline waters have a marine origin. The Cl/Br ratios in deep crystalline waters are very close to normal marine ratios (Cl/Br = 288 ppm basis). In contrast, Cl/Br ratios of other possible sources of salinity show distinctly different Cl/Br ratios: water derived from dissolved Tertiary halite deposits of the rift valley is in the order of Cl/Br = 2400 and water from dissolved Muschelkalk halite deposits has values of about Cl/Br = 9900. Leaching experiments on crystalline rocks, on the other hand, show that the average Cl/Br ratio of crystalline rocks is far below Cl/Br = 100.  相似文献   

16.
季节冻土区含盐土公路路基在季节性冻胀、盐胀和融沉作用下,发生大量的道路病害,给道路的安全运营带来了严重的隐患。在考察大量现场道路病害的基础上,针对甘肃省季节冻土区公路沿线盐渍化道路病害比较严重的地段,选取几种典型的盐渍土进行室内冻融循环试验来研究它们在周期波动温度条件下冻胀、盐胀和融沉特性,进一步探讨盐渍土地区道路病害产生的机制。试验结果发现,含盐量对路基土冻胀、融沉和盐胀等变形过程有明显的影响,不同的含盐量路基土膨胀机制不同。含盐量较高的土体,变形主要由盐胀引起,没有明显的融沉变形;含盐量较低的路基土,变形主要由冻胀和融沉引起,可能存在盐胀;对于无盐但冻胀敏感性路基土,其变形主要由冻胀和融沉引起。另外,开放系统下盐渍土反复冻融循环后含水率重新分布,含水率普遍增加,且形成了两端含水率高、中间低的现象。  相似文献   

17.
A greenhouse experiment was carried out in 2002 at Jordan University of Science and Technology, Agricultural Experiment Station to examine the effect of potassium fertilization on the response of barley (Hordeum vullgare L.) to different soil salinity levels. Five levels of potassium (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 g K per pot as KCl) and two salt levels (0.75 and 13 ds/m) were investigated in a split plot design with four replications. Soil salinity affected growth and yield component parameters in most of the cases. However, potassium application alleviated the stress condition and significantly (p < 0.05) improved dry matter yield and yield components in barley. The highest dry matter yield (19.63 g/ pot) of barley grown on the very saline soil was obtained in response to the highest potassium level (0.8 g K/ pot). Number of kernels per spike, number of tillers per plant, weight of kernels per spike and total top (shoot) dry weight were all significantly influenced by the main effects and their interaction. The content of nitrogen and Potassium in barley shoot was also increased due to potassium application. In general, the result of this experiment indicated that application of potassium to barley grown on saline soil medium could bring about improvements in yield and yield component parameters, which would otherwise suffer badly.  相似文献   

18.
Tin and rare metal-bearing granitic pegmatites in the Bastar–Malkangiri pegmatite belt of Central India are hosted by metabasic and metasedimentary country rocks. Fluid inclusion studies were conducted in spatially associated two-mica granite and the staniferous and non-staniferous pegmatites to characterize the physicochemical environment of mineralization, to distinguish different pegmatites in terms of their fluid characteristics and to envisage a possible genetic link between the pegmatites and spatially associated granite. Three different types of primary inclusions were identified. The type-I, aqueous bi-phase (L+V) inclusions are the most abundant and ubiquitous. Type-II polyphase (L+V+S) inclusions are rare. Type-III, monophase (L) and metastable aqueous inclusions, though less abundant than type-I inclusions, are ubiquitous. The fluid evolution trends indicate that mixing of two different fluids of contrasting salinities, one of high salinity (20–30 wt% NaCl equivalent) and another of low salinity (0–10 wt% NaCl equivalent), was responsible for precipitation of the bulk of the cassiterite. This mixing is the single most important characteristic that distinguishes the staniferous pegmatites from their non-staniferous counterparts. The non-staniferous pegmatites, on the other hand, are typified by the presence either of a high saline or a low saline fluid that evolved through simple cooling. The minimum pressure–temperature of entrapment, estimated from the intersections of the halide liquidus with the corresponding inclusion isochores of type-II inclusions, range between 2.1–2.2 kb and 300–325 °C. The similar P–T range of fluid entrapment of the staniferous and non-staniferous pegmatites indicates that they were possibly emplaced within a similar physical environment. Type-I inclusions from granite recorded only the high salinity fluid, the salinity of which compares well with that of the highly saline fluid component of type-I inclusions in the pegmatites. This is a possible indication of a genetic link between the pegmatites and spatially associated granite.  相似文献   

19.
The Kangan Permo-Triassic brine aquifer and the overlying gas reservoir in the southern Iran are located in Kangan and Dalan Formations, consisting dominantly of limestone, dolomite, and to a lesser extent, shale and anhydrite. The gasfield, 2,900 m in depth and is exploited by 36 wells, some of which produce high salinity water. The produced water gradually changed from fresh to saline, causing severe corrosion in the pipelines and well head facilities. The present research aims to identify the origin of this saline water (brine), as a vital step to manage saline water issues. The major and minor ions, as well as δ2H, δ18O and δ37Cl isotopes were measured in the Kangan aquifer water and/or the saline produced waters. The potential processes causing salinity can be halite dissolution, membrane filtration, and evaporation of water. The potential sources of water may be meteoric, present or paleo-seawater. The Na/Cl and I/Cl ratios versus Cl? concentration preclude halite dissolution. Concentrations of Cl, Na, and total dissolved solid were compared with Br concentration, indicating that the evaporated ancient seawater trapped in the structure is the cause of salinization. δ18O isotope enrichment in the Kangan aquifer water is due to both seawater evaporation and interaction with carbonate rocks. The δ37Cl isotope content also supports the idea of evaporated ancient seawater as the origin of salinity. Membrane filtration is rejected as a possible source of salinity based on the hydrochemistry data, the δ18O value, and incapability of this process to dramatically enhance salinity up to the observed value of 330,000 mg/L. The overlaying impermeable formations, high pressure in the gas reservoir, and the presence of a cap rock above the Kangan gasfield, all prevent the downward flow of meteoric and Persian Gulf waters into the Kangan aquifer. The evaporated ancient seawater is autochthonous, because the Kangan brine aquifer was formed by entrapment of brine seawater during the deposition of carbonates, gypsum, and minor clastic rocks in a lagoon and sabkha environment. The reliability of determining the source of salinity in a deep complicated inaccessible high-pressure aquifer can be improved by combining various methods of hydrochemistry, isotope, hydrodynamics, hydrogeology and geological settings.  相似文献   

20.
Tin and rare metal-bearing granitic pegmatites in the Bastar–Malkangiri pegmatite belt of Central India are hosted by metabasic and metasedimentary country rocks. Fluid inclusion studies were conducted in spatially associated two-mica granite and the staniferous and non-staniferous pegmatites to characterize the physicochemical environment of mineralization, to distinguish different pegmatites in terms of their fluid characteristics and to envisage a possible genetic link between the pegmatites and spatially associated granite. Three different types of primary inclusions were identified. The type-I, aqueous bi-phase (L+V) inclusions are the most abundant and ubiquitous. Type-II polyphase (L+V+S) inclusions are rare. Type-III, monophase (L) and metastable aqueous inclusions, though less abundant than type-I inclusions, are ubiquitous. The fluid evolution trends indicate that mixing of two different fluids of contrasting salinities, one of high salinity (20–30 wt% NaCl equivalent) and another of low salinity (0–10 wt% NaCl equivalent), was responsible for precipitation of the bulk of the cassiterite. This mixing is the single most important characteristic that distinguishes the staniferous pegmatites from their non-staniferous counterparts. The non-staniferous pegmatites, on the other hand, are typified by the presence either of a high saline or a low saline fluid that evolved through simple cooling. The minimum pressure–temperature of entrapment, estimated from the intersections of the halide liquidus with the corresponding inclusion isochores of type-II inclusions, range between 2.1–2.2 kb and 300–325 °C. The similar P–T range of fluid entrapment of the staniferous and non-staniferous pegmatites indicates that they were possibly emplaced within a similar physical environment. Type-I inclusions from granite recorded only the high salinity fluid, the salinity of which compares well with that of the highly saline fluid component of type-I inclusions in the pegmatites. This is a possible indication of a genetic link between the pegmatites and spatially associated granite.  相似文献   

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