共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 127 毫秒
1.
水文地球化学模拟研究的现状 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
水文地球化学模拟是研究地质生态，地下水污染的一种新的方法，是多学科综合研究的产物，通过各种不同的水文地球化学模型，可以定量模拟各种自然过程和人类活动影响下水－岩相互作用及地下水中污染质的运移过程，预测地下水污染的发生，发展趋势，指导地地下水的监测，保护及合理开采，是地下水管理中不可缺少的一部分。综述了有关水文地球化学模拟研究的现状，对水溶液组分平衡的地球化学模型，地下水溶质运移模型，耦合水化学模型 相似文献
2.
本文以重要的命必需元素氟为研究对象，选择地方性氟病比较严重，浅层高氟地下水形成分布在我国北方地区具有代表性的河北邢台山前平原为典型研究区，在大量野外工作和模拟实验研究基础上，应用国外近十几年发展起来的地下水地球化学定量研究方法－地下水地球化学模拟，以及多反应组分系统水动力弥散运移与化学反应耦合模型的理论和方法，对浅层地下水系统氟的地球化学行为进行数值模拟，定量研究了大气降水入渗条件，水－非饮和带非 相似文献
3.
地球化学模拟及其在水文地质中的应用 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
从正向地球化学模拟、反向地球化学模拟和水文地球化学模拟三方面系统概述了地球化学模拟的研究进展；结合笔者近年来的科研实践，对其在水文地质中的应用作了介绍，并着重讨论了地下水化学组分存在形式、矿物饱和指数的计算、水化学组分测量及地下水地球化学演化等方面的应用；最后，指出了这一领域中当前存在的问题和今后的研究方向。 相似文献
4.
山西柳林泉域水-岩相互作用地球化学模拟 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
简述了反向地球化学模拟软件ＮＥＴＰＡＴＨ２．０的结构及功能,并用其成功地模拟了山西省柳林泉域岩溶地下水系统中的水－岩相互作用,定量评价了岩溶地下水在地表水渗漏的影响下经历了地球化学作用及不同流径地下水的混合比例。 相似文献
5.
沉积盆地流体—岩石相互作用研究的现状 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
沉积盆地流体－岩石相互作用研究主要是通过实验地球化学和岩石学，地球化学模拟方法开展的，综述了这一领域的研究现状，主要包括有机酸来源和分布及期 对矿物稳定性的影响，地层水成因与演化、烃类与岩石间的氧化还原反应、以及储层润湿性的变化等，并展望了其 发展趋势。 相似文献
6.
平顶山矿区岩溶水系统水-岩相互作用的随机水文地球化学模拟 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
在前期工作的基础上,基于新的（补充）采集的地下水化学样品的分析数据,以ＷＡＴＥＱ４Ｆ模型为基础,应用本次研究中开发的耦合的ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ－ＷＡＴＥＱ４Ｆ模型,对平顶山矿区地下水系统中水－岩反应状态进行了随机水文地球化学模拟和评价。结果表明：随机水文地球化学模拟方法具有很好的实用性和应用性和应用前景;在模拟研究区内地下水相对于方解石、、白云石、威武央过饱和,而与玉髓处于平衡状态。这些结果为该区 相似文献
7.
高氟地下水的水文地球化学环境及氟的赋存形式与地氟病患病率的关系──以华北平原为例 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
在华北平原，地方性氟中毒疾病（简称地氟病）主要由于饮水中含氟量高（超过１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ）而引起，属饮水型病区。本文分析了地氟病致病的主要环境因素，讨论了形成高氟地下水的水文地球化学环境，并以河北邢台地区山前平原浅层地下水系统为例，应用地下水地球化学模拟的理论和方法，对研究区浅层地下水系统氟的水文地球化学进行定量研究，从统计学的角度研究了浅层高氟地下水中氟的组分存在形式与地氟病患病率的相关关系。 相似文献
8.
地下水与玄武财反应趋势分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过建立水化学平衡反应模型,计算地下水组分的各种可能存在形式的浓度和活度,并求得各种矿的饱和指数,再用饱和指数分析水－岩相互作用过程中矿物的溶解与沉淀反应趋势。本文采用该方法对盱眙玄武岩土区水－岩间反应趋势进行了分析。 相似文献
9.
10.
河北平原浅层地下水地球化学演化模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
反应路径模拟技术是近十几年发展起来的定量研究地下水地球化学演化的重要方法。文中讨论了反应路径模拟与质量平衡模拟的差异，提出了对复杂水流系统采取分段模拟，以及对浅层成水形成的主要作用即蒸发浓缩作用和海侵的影响采用土壤盐类综合体的溶解来表征的处理方法，论述了研究区浅层地下水的地球化学演化过程。 相似文献
11.
Stable isotope data, a dissolved gas tracer study, groundwater age dating, and geochemical modeling were used to identify and characterize the effects of introducing low-TDS recharge water in a shallow aerobic aquifer affected by a managed aquifer recharge project in California’s San Joaquin Valley. The data all consistently point to a substantial degree of mixing of recharge water from surface ponds with ambient groundwater in a number of nearby wells screened at depths above 60 m below ground surface. Groundwater age data indicate that the wells near the recharge ponds sample recently recharged water, as delineated by stable O and C isotope data as well as total dissolved solids, in addition to much older groundwater in various mixing proportions. Where the recharge water signature is present, the specific geochemical interactions between the recharge water and the aquifer material appear to include ion exchange reactions (comparative enrichment of affected groundwater with Na and K at the expense of Ca and Mg) and the desorption of oxyanion-forming trace elements (As, V, and Mo), possibly in response to the elevated pH of the recharge water. 相似文献
12.
The Xingtai piedmont plain in Hebei Province is a representative area in northern China where endemic fluorosis is serious and shallow high-F ground water is distributed. In this paper, the area is selected as a typical study area, and on the basis of large amounts of field work and the experiments, through groundwater geochemical modelling and by applying the theory and method of the coupled model of hydrodynamic transport and chemical reactions in a multicomponent system, the author performed numerical modelling of the geochemical behaviour of fluoride in a shallow groundwater system, quantitatively studied the hydrodynamic transport and chemical reaction of fluorine migration, transformation and concentration in a water-heterogeneous unsaturated soil system under the conditions of meteoric water infiltration and quantitatively determined the speciation of fluorine and the saturation state and dissolution/precipitation trend of various solid precipitates in shallow high-F groundwater, thus deepening t 相似文献
13.
Geochemical investigation of groundwater in a Granitic Island: a case study from Kinmen Island,Taiwan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Tai-Sheng Liou Hsueh-Yu Lu Cheng-Kuo Lin Wayne Lin Yu-Te Chang Jeng-Ming Chien Wen-Fu Chen 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(7):1575-1585
Kinmen Island is principally composed of low permeable granitoid and covered by a very thin sedimentary layer. Both surface
and groundwater resources are limited and water demand is increasing with time. The groundwater in the granitoid has been
surveyed as an alternative water source for daily use. Two to five highly fractured zones in the granitoid aquifer for each
site were first determined by geochemical well logging. Accordingly, ten samples were collected from three sites. Using environmental
isotopes and geochemical modeling, geochemical processes occurring due to water–rock interaction in the granitoid aquifer
can be quantitatively interpreted. The stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in groundwaters cluster along Taiwan’s local
meteoric waterline, indicating evaporation does not have considerable effect on groundwaters. Given such a high evaporation
rate for Kinmen Island, this result implies that infiltration rate of groundwater is high enough to reduce retention time
through a well-developed fracture zone. NetpathXL is employed for inverse geochemical modeling. Results determine gypsum as
being the major source of sulfate for deep groundwaters. The contribution from pyrite is minor. In addition, the weathering
of albite to kaolinite is the dominant water–rock interaction characterizing geochemical compositions of deep groundwater
in Kinmen Island. 相似文献
14.
Analysis and hydrogeochemical modeling of hydrocarbonate groundwater, including its buffering geochemical properties, have
demonstrated that this water has undergone a geochemical transformation almost throughout the whole of one industrial region.
It is known that hydrocarbonate groundwater possesses a high protective natural geochemical potential, supporting neutralization
of acid atmospheric precipitation. Natural hydrocarbonate water undergoes three stages of anthropogenic transformation caused
by acid atmospheric precipitation over more than 50 years. The first stage is transformation of neutral hydrocarbonate water
into alkaline water, accompanied by calcite precipitation and sodium carbonate dissolution from the unsaturated zone. The
second stage is transformation of alkaline water into neutral hydrocarbonate water; the hydrocarbonate content, being less
than the lower limit for background concentrations, showed reduced water buffering properties or protective potential relative
to acid precipitation. The third stage is transformation of neutral hydrocarbonate water into acidic water, with a complete
loss of protective geochemical potential.
This unfavorable ecological situation with natural geochemically hydrocarbonate groundwater shows that natural groundwater
less protected from the impact of acid atmospheric precipitation is in a worse ecological condition, which is confirmed by
observations in northern and Western Europe and other regions of the world.
Received: 30 October 1997 · Accepted: 23 March 1998 相似文献
15.
Hydrochemical evolution and variation of groundwater and its environmental impact at Sohag, Egypt 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Groundwater resources of Sohag, Egypt are currently threatened by contamination from agricultural and urbanization activities. Groundwater in Sohag area has a special significance where it is the second source for fresh water used for agricultural, domestic, and industrial purposes. Due to growing population, agriculture expansion, and urbanization, groundwater quality assessment needs more attention to cope with the increasing water demand in this arid zones and limited water resources. The aim of this paper is to address the integrated role of geochemical processes, agriculture and urbanization in evolution of groundwater composition, and their impact on groundwater quality to help in management and protection of groundwater resources of study area using geochemical modeling techniques and geographical information systems. Spatial variation of groundwater hydrochemical properties, rock–water interaction, ion exchange, and assessment of groundwater quality were investigated. Results indicated that groundwater properties are varied spatially and its evolution in the study area is generally controlled by the prevailed geochemical processes represented by leaching, dissolution, and precipitation of salts and minerals, ion exchange, in addition to human activities represented by agriculture and urbanization as well as climatic and poor drainage conditions. Management alternatives should be followed in the study area to avoid degradation of groundwater quality and provide sustainable development. 相似文献
16.
Hydrogeochemical data for 18 groundwater samples and 11 hydrochemical parameters were subjected to Q- and R-mode cluster analysis and inverse geochemical modeling. Q-mode cluster analysis resulted in three distinct water types (brackish water type, saline water type and highly saline water type). R-mode cluster analysis led to the conclusion that the water–rock interaction is the major source of contamination for the groundwater in the area. Geochemical modeling results show that carbonates, gypsum, halite, carbon dioxide (gas), and chlorite are dissolving, whereas Ca-montmorillonite, gibbsite, illite, K-mica, kaolinite, and quartz are mostly precipitating along different flow paths in the groundwater system of the area. 相似文献
17.
对地下水资源评价与管理现状有关问题的探讨 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
吴剑锋 《水文地质工程地质》1997,24(5):20-23
本文从系统论的观点出发，并结合实例阐述了地下水资源评价与地下水资源管理的关系。用可持续的观点和系统分析的方法建立了地下水资源管理的数学规划模型。同时指出地下水资源管理的根本前提在于节水。 相似文献
18.
Evaluation of ground water quality using multiple linear regression and structural equation modeling 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3
I. Chenini S. Khemiri 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2009,6(3):509-519
A methodology for characterizing ground water quality of watersheds using hydrochemical data that mingle multiple linear regression and structural equation modeling is presented. The aim of this work is to analyze hydrochemical data in order to explore the compositional of phreatic aquifer groundwater samples and the origin of water mineralization, using mathematical method and modeling, in Maknassy Basin, central Tunisia). Principal component analysis is used to determine the sources of variation between parameters. These components show that the variations within the dataset are related to variation in sulfuric acid and bicarbonate, sodium and cloride, calcium and magnesium which are derived from water-rock interaction. Thus, an equation is explored for the sampled ground water. Using Amos software, the structural equation modeling allows, to test in simultaneous analysis the entire system of variables (sodium, magnesium, sulfat, bicarbonate, cloride, calcium), in order to determine the extent to which it is consistent with the data. For this purpose, it should investigate simultaneously the interactions between the different components of ground water and their relationship with total dissolved solids. The integrated result provides a method to characterize ground water quality using statistical analyses and modeling of hydrochemical data in Maknassy basin to explain the ground water chemistry origin. 相似文献
19.
Hilary A. Dugan Tom Gleeson Scott F. Lamoureux Kent Novakowski 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(5):1385-1392
In the High Arctic, groundwater fluxes are limited by the presence of continuous permafrost, although it has been hypothesized that there may be localized groundwater flow and hydraulic connectivity beneath large lakes, due to the presence of taliks, or large regions of unfrozen ground. However, due to the logistical difficulty of employing seepage meters and piezometers in deep, ice-covered lakes, relatively little is known about groundwater discharge to polar lakes. One method of assessing groundwater discharge is through the use of geochemical tracers. We conducted a pilot study to quantify groundwater discharge into a High Arctic lake using dissolved radon gas as a geochemical tracer. Lake water was collected in 15 L polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bags with minimal atmospheric interaction from a 25-m deep lake near Shellabear Point, Melville Island, Northwest Territories, Canada. Sample bags were aerated through a closed water loop for 60 min to allow sufficient radon to equilibrate in a coupled air circuit. Radon in air concentrations were measured on a Durridge RAD7 portable alpha spectrometer. The field trial in a remote setting and separate tests with groundwater samples collected from a temperate site demonstrate the utility of the methodology. The limited results suggest that radon levels in the lower water column are elevated above background levels following nival melt in the surrounding watershed. Although these results are insufficient to quantify groundwater discharge, the results suggest subsurface flow may exist, and further study is warranted. 相似文献