共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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《地球物理学进展》2016,(3)
大地电磁测深采集的是天然电磁场,具有振幅微弱、频带宽的特点.在人文活动密集地区,电磁噪声干扰日趋严重,导致大地电磁测深曲线具有明显的近场源效应.本文利用电偶极子理论模型分析了电磁相关噪声对大地电磁测深数据的影响特征,并对湖南衡阳某矿区噪声实验数据进行了讨论,分析了矿区噪声的特点.分别利用远参考方法和基于大地电磁时间序列依赖关系的去噪方法对实验数据进行了处理.研究结果表明:矿区近场源噪声的频率一般大于0.1 Hz,远参考方法可以压制高频部分近场源噪声,但在0.1 Hz附近仍存在跳点;基于大地电磁时间序列依赖关系的去噪方法也可以压制矿区强相关噪声,抑制近场源效应,其效果要好于远参考的处理;两种方法结合可以更好的压制强噪声,基本消除了近场源效应,有效提高了大地电磁测深数据的信噪比. 相似文献
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海岸效应对近海地区大地电磁测深数据畸变作用研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
在近海地区采集的大地电磁测深数据通常受到海岸效应的影响,使得大地电磁测深数据发生畸变,因而很难利用大地电磁测深资料较为可靠地获得地下深部的电性结构.本文通过正演模拟方法,分析和总结海水深度变化和海底地形变化对近海地区大地电磁测深数据的畸变影响.当测区与海岸线的距离小于目标频率的大地电磁场趋肤深度时,高导海洋的存在会严重影响测区内电磁场的分布.由于海岸效应的影响,大地电磁测深视电阻率曲线和相位曲线均会发生不同程度的畸变,在低频部分,这种畸变作用尤为明显.大地电磁测深一维Occam反演方法和二维非线性共轭梯度反演方法,对近海地区浅部地层具有较好的反演效果.随着海水深度的增加和海底地形的复杂变化,两种反演方法均会出现不同程度的假异常,为地质解释工作造成了影响.近渤海地区的实测大地电磁测深数据在低频部分可能受到海岸效应的影响而导致视电阻率曲线的严重畸变. 相似文献
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为了避免形态滤波方法在大地电磁强干扰分离中的"过处理"、进一步保留大地电磁低频段的有用信息,提出基于信噪辨识的矿集区大地电磁噪声压制方法.首先,从信号处理的角度剖析矿集区典型强干扰与天然大地电磁微弱信号之间的定量辨识关系,利用形态分形维数和形态膨胀谱熵对大地电磁信号与强干扰进行信噪辨识.然后,结合形态滤波技术和阈值法,仅对辨识出明显不是天然大地电磁信号的异常波形进行噪声压制.最后,重构大地电磁有用信号,并对算法进行性能评价.仿真结果表明,形态分形维数和形态膨胀谱熵能较好地定量辨识大地电磁信号与强干扰,大地电磁信号中一些缓变化的低频信息得到了更为精细的保留;与形态滤波整体处理相比,本文所提方法获得的卡尼亚电阻率曲线更为光滑、连续,视电阻率值相对稳定,其结果更为真实地反映了测点本身所固有的大地电磁深部构造信息. 相似文献
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针对南黄海盆地深层地震地质条件差,地震波受屏蔽,能量严重衰减,在海洋反射地震资料中很难识别反映中-古生界的反射地震波组,不能满足南黄海盆地前第三系油气资源前景评价的需要等问题,于2006年5月,开展了南黄海海域海底大地电磁测深试验,在盆地内五莲斜坡和胶州凹陷区布设了3个海底大地电磁测深点,取得了可靠的海底观测数据.本文详细阐述了海底大地电磁测深与常规大地电磁测深在数据处理方法上的差别,论述了海洋电磁噪声对海底大地电磁场观测的影响,提出了海底大地电磁场实测资料“水平姿态”校正、“方位”校正和“海洋电磁噪声”校正的方法.通过对试验观测资料的处理和反演,并结合地质、物性资料进行综合分析,结果表明在南黄海盆地海底以下深部还存留有古生代地层,这对于南黄海前第三系含油气前景的评价具有重要意义.试验结果也证明了海底大地电磁测深技术在研究古生代残留盆地方面的问题可以发挥相当好的作用. 相似文献
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压制非相关噪声已经有多种比较成熟的技术方法,如多次叠加、远参考、Robust阻抗估计等,但这些方法对压制矿集区存在的强电磁噪声(通常属于相关噪声)基本没有效果.本文在前期提出的针对矿集区大地电磁强噪声压制的数学形态滤波基础上,开展了音频大地电磁法强干扰压制的试验研究.在四川西昌某AMT测点附近,布置了大功率电磁发送站,通过接地导线向地下供20A的方波电流,同时在供电期和间歇期用凤凰公司MTU-5A仪器观测4个水平分量的电磁场.在室内采用数学形态滤波和阈值法相结合的手段在时间域对含有人工源强干扰的电磁场数据进行处理,以视电阻率对比、频谱和极化方向等参数对处理效果进行评价.结果表明:结构元素恰当的数学形态滤波可以对人工源强干扰进行识别、去除,阈值法则可以消除形态滤波后的脉冲干扰,二者结合可以有效地压制AMT中的强干扰噪声,提高数据可靠性.本文结果对AMT实际资料处理具有重要的实用和参考价值. 相似文献
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长周期大地电磁信号强度弱,频带宽,容易受到多种噪声的干扰,观测数据不满足加性、平稳和最小相位特性.因而,其数据处理仍有较多难点.常规的大地电磁数据处理方法是相似的,其主要差别是在时域或频域压制噪声、提高信噪比的数学方程和算法不同.为了提高数据处理的可靠性,拓宽方法的选择范围,本文介绍了广泛使用的PRC_MTMV和较少使用的EMTF两套软件系统的处理原理、参数配置以及用于处理长周期大地电磁资料的基本流程.利用两套系统对实测数据进行处理,对比发现,PRC_MTMV处理得到的视电阻率和相位曲线总是比EMTF的曲线平滑;EMTF的远参考处理对视电阻率曲线高频部分有较大的改善,说明EMTF能够有效克服磁场干扰;将同一测点长周期和宽频测深曲线拼接,二者的效果是相当的,表明EMTF能够满足需要并用于处理长周期大地电磁数据. 相似文献
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基于广义S变换的大地电磁测深数据处理 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2
S变换是一种优于短时傅里叶变换和小波变换的时频分析方法.采用广义S变换进行大地电磁场时间序列频谱分析,一方面能够提高对电磁噪声成分的时间定位能力,便于实现电磁噪声的滤波处理;另一方面可以增加频谱系数的个数,从而改善大地电磁阻抗张量元素的统计特性.本文从广义S变换和大地电磁测深数据处理方法的原理出发,给出了采用叠加窗函数的离散广义S变换形式,讨论了广义S变换窗口宽度比例因子、窗口宽度与可提取频谱系数个数之间的关系,定义了利用离散广义S变换时频谱计算大地电磁场分量功率谱公式;在此基础上,研究了基于S变换时谱频的大地电磁测深数据ROBUST处理方法.最后,通过实测资料进行方法检验,结果表明本文方法比短时傅里叶变换处理效果更好,并且有利于识别和压制电磁噪声. 相似文献
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Near-source noise suppression of AMT by compressive sensing and mathematical morphology filtering 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Guang Li Xiao Xiao Jing-Tian Tang Jin Li Hui-Jie Zhu Cong Zhou Fa-Bao Yan 《应用地球物理》2017,14(4):581-589
In deep mineral exploration, the acquisition of audio magnetotelluric (AMT) data is severely affected by ambient noise near the observation sites; This near-field noise restricts investigation depths. Mathematical morphological filtering (MMF) proved effective in suppressing large-scale strong and variably shaped noise, typically low-frequency noise, but can not deal with pulse noise of AMT data. We combine compressive sensing and MMF. First, we use MMF to suppress the large-scale strong ambient noise; second, we use the improved orthogonal match pursuit (IOMP) algorithm to remove the residual pulse noise. To remove the noise and protect the useful AMT signal, a redundant dictionary that matches with spikes and is insensitive to the useful signal is designed. Synthetic and field data from the Luzong field suggest that the proposed method suppresses the near-source noise and preserves the signal well; thus, better results are obtained that improve the output of either MMF or IOMP. 相似文献
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数学形态滤波是一种新型的非线性滤波方法.介绍了形态学滤波的基本原理,针对大地电磁信号表现出的非线性、非平稳性和非最小相位特性,综合结构元素特征我们提出一种基于数学形态滤波的大地电磁噪声压制方法.为了有效抑制目标信号中的噪声干扰及修正统计偏倚现象,通过选用合理的结构元素及形态开-闭、闭-开组合,将正、负结构元素级联构造组合广义形态滤波器对实测大地电磁信号进行噪声压制.实验结果表明,该方法是切实可行的,有效地剔除了大尺度干扰及基线漂移,较好地还原了大地电磁信号的原始特征,修正了标准形态算子所产生的统计偏倚现象,去噪精度高.该方法计算速度快,具有潜在优势,为矿集区海量大地电磁信号与强干扰的分离提供了一条新的途径,应用前景广阔. 相似文献
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The magnetotelluric sounding method was used to study the active fault in Shenzhen city.Four magnetotelluric profiles with a dense station interval were laid out across the Shenzhen fault zone.The remote reference technique was used in both data observation and processing to eliminate the electromagnetic noise near the survey sites,and relatively smooth apparent resistivity curves were obtained.TM mode data and two-dimensional inversion method as NLCG were used to obtain the electrical structures underground.According to the surficial geology survey results on regional strata and distribution of magmatic bodies and faults,the electrical structures at depths less than 2000m of each profile were interpreted.Two regional faults,the Henggang-Luohu fault and the Liantang fault,and seven local faults consistent with the electrical boundaries were verified or discovered.The strata in the survey area were then related with the change of resistivity.Electrical horizontal slices of depths less than 5000m indicate that the Henggang-Luohu fault and the Liantang fault bifurcate at the shallow part but tend to merge in the deep part. 相似文献
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DEEP TECTONIC STRESS CHANGE BASED ON LONG-TERM APPARENT RESISTIVITY TIME SERIES: A CASE STUDY FROM NORTH SECTION OF YISHU FAULT ZONE 
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下载免费PDF全文 Almost all the destructive earthquakes, so called tectonic earthquake, are produced by tectonic movement. The tectonic movement will cause resistivity changes in the earth. It's valuable for strong earthquake forecast to study the relationship between the resistivity change and tectonic movement. According to magnetotelluric sounding method, we establish a robust estimate method to calculate the long-term apparent resistivity from seismic station monitoring data. We first use 1D layered earth models to test the sensitivity of this method. Then we process the continually observed long term electromagnetic data in 4 years (from 2011 to 2014) from Anqiu seismic station which is very close to the north section of Yishu fault zone. The apparent resistivity curves and the apparent resistivity time series for different frequencies are obtained. The time series show the resistivity increase in the selected 4 years, which is in good agreement with the GPS baseline data. This also satisfies the results from rock mechanics experiments on deep rocks (upper mantle) that the resistivity will increase with improved stress in a high temperature and pressure environment. The method is valuable for studying electromagnetic precursor of strong earthquakes and strong earthquake prediction. 相似文献
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An iterative refinement method for determining a layered resistivity model from a Schlumberger or Wenner sounding curve is adapted to determine a layered resistivity model by using apparent resistivity and phase derived from the magnetotelluric impedance. Magnetotelluric observations presented as a function of period are first converted to an approximate resistivity–depth profile using Schmucker's transformation and this is used to construct an initial guess (starting) model. A two-stage procedure is then invoked. Keeping resistivities constant, layer boundaries are first adjusted to give a minimum misfit between measured data and responses and this is followed by resistivity adjustments with fixed layer boundaries to reduce the misfit further. The method is illustrated by application to some synthetic data both exact and with added noise, to a real field data set and to some magnetotelluric profile data obtained in a survey over the Carnmenellis granites in south Cornwall. The method is validated by recovering conductivity models from the exact and noisy 1D synthetic data. For complicated three-dimensional data at a single site and along a profile of stations, the method is shown to produce acceptable solutions which may be used as starting models in further two- or three-dimensional studies. 相似文献
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中心回线源装置的瞬变电磁场是一种涡流场,在地下主要以扩散形式传播.平面电磁波在地下介质中传播时具有反射、折射等电磁学特性,为了借鉴平面电磁波场测深成熟的解释方法,文中开展了从瞬变电磁涡流场测深数据到平面波场数据的快速等效转换的研究.通过大量的理论模型的正演计算、曲线对比,误差统计,对瞬变电磁场、平面波场在地下传播机制特性的分析,建立了一种由瞬变电磁测深视电阻率数据向平面波场测深视电阻率数据转换的时间-频率等效对应关系.利用这一关系式,把扩散场数据快速转换成等效平面波场测深数据. 为进一步进行瞬变电磁拟平面波成像解释打下理论基础. 相似文献