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潮控与河控下三角洲平原成煤的岩石学和地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从显微煤岩组成特征、不同显微组分中有机硫的含量、伴生元素组成、硫同位素的分布特征等方面对内蒙古乌达矿区潮控下三角洲平原形成的高硫煤 9煤层和河控下三角洲平原形成的低硫煤 13煤层进行了研究。结果表明 ,潮控下三角洲平原形成的煤层较之河控下三角洲平原形成的煤层具有较高的镜质组含量 ;伴生元素中 Na、K、V、Mg等含量偏高 ,而稀土元素含量较低 ,稀土元素的含量与煤中的粘土矿物含量成正比 ;黄铁矿和有机硫同位素都比较轻 ,表明高硫煤中硫的来源主要是海水中细菌还原的硫酸盐。 相似文献
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内蒙古乌达矿区煤的显微特征与沉积环境关系的研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对研究区主采煤层显微特征和沉积环境的分析,并利用三角图解（在三角图解中,考虑了煤中矿物特别是自生矿物对指示煤相的意义）和组分含量平面图,论述了显微煤岩特征与沉积环境的关系。研究发现,潮控下三角洲平原形成的煤层其活性组分和硫分含量较之河控下三角洲平原含量高,并且三角图解三端元的离散率小;在潮坪沉积基础上形成的煤层其惰性组分含量高并分布稳定;相同沉积环境形成的不同煤层显微组成相似,但它们的显微组成由于聚煤环境的变迁而在平面分布上有差异。 相似文献
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滇东黔西上二叠统含煤岩系形成于陆相到海陆过渡相环境中,其泥岩的粘土矿物组成可以反映这种环境背景。该区泥岩粘土矿物类型以高岭石和伊利石/蒙皂石间层矿物为主,伊利石次之,局部层段见较少绿泥石及蒙皂石。垂向上,高岭石在富源后所矿区、盘县盘关矿区剖面中下部（即宣威组中、下段和龙潭组）含量偏高;伊利石在织金矿区剖面上部（长兴组）和下部（龙潭组下段）含量明显偏高,而在剖面中部（龙潭组上段）偏低;伊利石/蒙皂石间层矿物在后所矿区、盘关矿区、纳雍矿区占绝对优势,而在织金矿区仅在剖面中部含量较高,并与伊利石呈明显的负相关关系;蒙皂石含量很少,仅出现于盘关矿区和织金矿区剖面的上部和下部。粘土矿物的上述分布特征可大致反映出龙潭早期为海侵期,龙潭晚期为海退期,长兴期为新的更大的海侵期。平面上,从陆到海,即从滇东的冲积平原河流体系,向东经盘关向斜的上三角洲平原、纳雍的过渡带三角洲平原,到织金的下三角洲平原及潮汐平原,高岭石含量急剧减少,伊利石含量逐渐增加。最为明显的是从滇东河流体系到黔西三角洲—潮坪体系之间高岭石含量骤然减少。 相似文献
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根据煤层中粘土矿物吸附放射性元素及Ga、Al元素置换;煤层Ga含量随灰分增高而增高等原理,利用自然伽马测井资料,可对煤层中的Ga含量进行计算。为综合利用高灰分煤和高碳炭质泥岩及含粘土较高的夹石提供了评价资料。 相似文献
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贵州纳雍地区含煤地层龙潭组中上段三角洲沉积体系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
贵州纳雍地区含煤地层龙潭组中上段形成于三角洲沉积体系,其中中段形成于潮汐影响的河控三角州沉积体系;上段形成于坝后河控三角洲沉积体系。每一种沉积体系的持续发展形成了一个沉积幕,分别包括4个成因单元。每个成因单元代表了该沉积体系在某一阶段内受海平面升降影响而沉积的一套完整的进积至后期废弃沉积。这些沉积由5种沉积相,即上三角洲平原;下三角洲平原;水下三角洲平原;三角洲间湾（或边缘）以及三角洲废弃相组合构成。两种不同类型的三角洲沉积体系聚煤作用有着根本的差别:受潮汐影响的河控三角洲沉积体系代表了龙潭组最活动的碎屑沉积部分,聚煤差,煤层普遍不可采;坝后河控三角洲沉积体系相对较稳定,聚煤好,煤层普遍可采。不同环境和相组合中聚煤作用也不同,本区以上三角洲平原和三角洲间湾（或边缘）环境聚煤最好。总之该三角洲沉积体系是我国海陆交替相含煤地层中沉积厚度大、聚煤最丰富的三角洲沉积体系之一。 相似文献
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本文对赋存于中新统混杂沉积物中淡水序列(如粘土中的煤层夹矸,砂岩以及页岩)与连续的褐煤层相互交替的地层中的黄铁矿及黄铁矿形成过程中早期的成岩特征进行了研究。根据大量的矿物特征观察,黄铁矿形成的主要沉积环境为:伊利石-蒙脱石环境(I-M),方解石环境(Ct)和成煤环境。根据热液地球化学环境与黄铁矿二者的相互关系,本文对不同的热液地球化学环境对黄铁矿形成的影响因素进行了分析。由于影响因素的差异,特定环境下的黄铁矿形成过程具有较大的不同。根据所处环境的pH值以及粘土矿物的吸附性中不同的氧化活动性、铁离子的络合物以及腐殖… 相似文献
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宁夏鸳鸯湖矿区煤的可选性特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鸳鸯湖矿区以不粘煤为主,长焰煤次之,是良好的煤化工和动力用煤。从煤岩特征,煤的筛分、浮沉、煤及矸石的泥化程度试验等方面,对矿区及各井田煤的可选性特征进行了研究,研究表明：清水营井田煤中粘土类矿物较多,可选性较差,其它井田可选性相对较好;矿区煤中粘土矿物多呈细胞充填状,惰质组含量较高,难选出灰分很低的煤;当浮煤灰分控制在6．00％～11．00％,浮煤产率大于80％,煤为中等可选-易选;煤遇水易泥化,矸石为高泥化程度。研究结果可为煤的洗选工艺设计提供依据。 相似文献
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宁武煤田平朔矿区9号煤中锂的富集机理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从宁武煤田平朔矿区的9号煤中共采了58个煤样,通过光学显微镜、逐级化学提取、SEM-EDX分析、X射线粉末衍射和ICP-MS技术对这些样品进行分析。结果表明9号煤中Li的平均含量达到152 mg/kg,9号煤的点储量为36.7亿吨,Li O2的量达119.5万吨,也就是说煤层中锂的储量约为55.8万吨;逐级化学提取过程的结果表明,Li的富集主要与无机物有关,只有约5.5%的锂具有有机亲和力,这些无机矿物是高岭石、勃姆石、绿泥石族矿物、石英、方解石、黄铁矿以及无定形粘土状矿物等,在含锂煤层中,锂可能被粘土矿物吸附;根据古地理研究,9号煤中锂的最初来源可能是阴山古陆,盆地北部本溪组中的铝土矿可能是锂的直接来源。 相似文献
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《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2017,(3)
为探讨岩-煤蚀变过程中矿物变化特征,通过工业分析、LTA-XRD等技术手段测试了淮北卧龙湖煤矿8煤层岩浆侵入体、岩-煤蚀变带及蚀变煤中灰分、挥发分、水分、各形态硫及矿物质含量。结果表明,岩浆侵入导致煤中灰分升高,黄铁矿硫增加,有机硫减少;研究区煤中主要矿物成分为石英(8.3%)、黄铁矿(0.1%)、伊利石(60.9%)、高岭石(20.2%)、方解石(3.6%)、菱铁矿(0.2%)和铁白云石(6.9%);石英、铁白云石及黄铁矿含量由侵入体→蚀变煤→未蚀变煤逐渐降低;蚀变煤中黄铁矿、石英及碳酸盐矿物主要来源于岩浆热液。岩浆热液对煤层的蚀变,导致煤质及煤中矿物种类、含量及赋存状态发生了显著变化,部分矿物在热液作用下蚀变形成新矿物。 相似文献
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《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2023,83(2):125972
In China, the lack of Li resources is in stark contrast to a large amount of coal gangue produced by coal mining. To determine the distribution patterns and existing status of lithium (Li) elements in the coal gangue, the mineralogical and geochemical analysis were formed on samples of the roof, floor, and parting of No. 02, 2, 8, and 9 coal seams, being mined in Malan mine, Xishan coalfield, Shanxi Province. The results show that the lithium content in this study area is relatively enriched, the highest content is 499 μg/g in sample 02-G, and the average content is 109.8 μg/g, which is two times that of the world average value of claystone (45 μg/g). XRD analysis shows that the mineral composition of parting samples is mainly clay mineral kaolinite, while the coal seam roof and floor samples also include quartz and some iron-bearing minerals, such as pyrite and siderite. Likewise, possible lithium-rich mineral phases and possible lithium-rich factors were investigated in this paper. A comprehensive clay separation experiment and correlation analysis between lithium and major elements indicate that lithium is likely to exist in the clay mineral kaolinite in the study area. It is also found that the content of Li adsorbed by cryptocrystalline kaolinite is generally higher than that of crystalline kaolinite. According to the mechanism of Li+ adsorption in clay minerals, the higher lithium content of cryptocrystalline kaolinite is due to its larger specific surface area, which can adsorb more lithium on the surface. 相似文献
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老厂矿区煤中汞的成因类型和赋存状态 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
老厂矿区无烟煤中的汞有两种成因类型:陆源沉积型和后期矿化叠加型,后者的含汞丰度显著高于前者。低硫煤中汞的主要载体为粘土矿物,高硫煤中为黄铁矿;有机汞含量较低并随煤中黄铁矿含量及其含汞性的增高而增高。根据实测数据计算了不同类型煤中各物质成分的汞丰度;对煤中汞的可造性作了初步评价;预测了燃煤电站排气中汞的平均浓度。 相似文献
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根据盘南矿区马依西井田大量地质资料分析,认为龙潭组形成于潮坪、三角洲及海湾—泻湖沉积体系,下部为潮坪—潮道沉积组合,主要由潮坪相、潮道相、沼泽及泥炭沼泽相组成,形成的煤层硫分高,连续性差;中部为三角洲沉积组合,主要由前三角洲相、三角洲前缘相及三角洲平原相组成,其煤层硫分低,稳定性好,分叉少;上部为海湾—潟湖相沉积组合,由潟湖相局部海湾相及沙洲砂坝相组成。分流河道的泛滥盆地、支流间湾、废弃河道、潮坪—潮道为本区煤层的形成提供了有利沉积环境。 相似文献
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On the Recent lobe of the Fraser River delta peat accumulation has actively occurred on the distal lower dilta plain, the transition between upper and lower delta plains, and the alluvial plain.Distal lower delta plain peats developed from widespread salt and brackish marshes and were not influenced appreciably by fluvial activity. Lateral development of the marsh facies were controlled by compaction and eustatic sea level rise. The resulting thin, discontinuous peat network contains numerous silty clay partings and high concentrations of sulphur. Freshwater marsh facies formed but were later in part eroded and altered by transgressing marine waters. The peats overlie a thin, fluvial, fining-upward sequence which in turn overlies a thick, coarsening-upward, prodelta—delta front succession.Lower delta plain—upper delta plain peats initially developed from interdistributary brackish marshes and were later fluvially influenced as the delta prograded. The thickest peats occur in areas where distributary channels were abandoned earliest. Sphagnum biofacies replace sedge-grass-dominated communities except along active channel margins, where the sedge-grass facies is intercalated with overbank and splay deposits. The peats are underlain by a relatively thin sequence of fluvial deposits which in turn is underlain by a major coarsening-upward delta front and pro-delta sequence.Alluvial plain peats accumulated in back swamp environments of the flood plain. Earliest sedge-clay and gyttjae peats developed over thin fining-upward fluvial cycles or are interlaminated with fine-grained flood deposits. Thickest accumulations occur where peat fills small avulsed flood channels. Overlying sedge-grass and Sphagnum biofacies are horizontally stratified and commonly have sharp boundaries with fine-grained flood sediments. At active channel margins however, sedge-grass peats are intercalated with natural levee deposits consisting of silty clay. These levees reduce both the number and size of crevasse splay deposits.Coal originating from peats of the different environments of the Fraser delta would vary markedly in character. Peats of the lower delta plain will form thin lenticular coal seams with numerous splits and have a high ash and sulphur content. Peats from the lower to upper delta plain will be laterally extensive and of variable thickness and quality. Basal portions of the seams will contain numerous splits and have a high sulphur content whereas upper portions will be of higher quality. Peats from the upper delta plain—alluvial plain will form thick, isolated and laterally restricted coal seams characterized by low ash and sulphur contents. 相似文献
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In order to get detailed information about the facies and genesis of Upper Carboniferous coal seams of Northwest Germany, maceral analyses of complete seam profiles (Westphalian B-D, mainly Westphalian C) were carried out. Four main facies and twelve subfacies could be distinguished. The main facies are:
- 1. (1) The sapropelic-coal facies, consisting of fine-grained inertinite and liptinite, which forms from organic sediments deposited at the bottom of moor lakes.
- 2. (2) The densosporinite facies which is high in inertinite and liptinite and low in vitrinite. Syngenetic pyrites, clastic layers, thick vitrains and fusains do not occur. This facies originates from peats of ‘open mires’ with higher groundwater table and herbaceous vegetation. The ‘open mire’ was situated in the centre of extensive swamps. Consequently, clastic sedimentation did not affect this swamp type and nutrient supply and pH values were low.
- 3. (3) The vitrinite-fusinite facies, which is high in vitrinite. This is the result of abundant vitrains. Under the microscope, fusains were mostly identified as fusinite. The vitrinite-fusinite facies originates from a forest mire. More or less abundant seam splits and clastic layers show that rivers flowed in the neighbourhood of this area.
- 4. (4) The shaly-coal facies, which represents the most marginal part of the former swamp frequently affected by clastic sedimentation.
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Seams from the St. Rose and Chimmey Corner coalfields, Nova Scotia, Canada, were sampled and examined for petrographic and geochemical composition. Rank determinations indicate a rank of high volatile C-B bituminous. Seams show regular alternations of dull and bright microbanded lithotypes, with dull lithotypes predominant in the central portion of the main seam (No. 5 seam). Brighter lithotypes are dominated by vitrinite (>80%), with minor inertinite (avg. 12%) and minor liptinite. Duller lithotypes contain greater amounts of inertinite (up to 40%) and liptinite (primarily sporinite). Mineral matter consists of epigenetic pyrite, with lesser amounts of clay and quartz. Cabonates are common in the Chimney Corner seams. Elemental composition of the seams is similar to other Canadian coals and fall within world coal ranges, with the exception of high concentrations of Cl, Zn, Ni, Mo, Pb, Cu and As.Depositional environment of the seams as indicated by maceral composition, lithotypes and geology suggest a predominance of wet forest to reed moor conditions, in a fluvial-lacustrine setting. Periodic episodes of flooding and drying are indicated by lithotype, maceral and mineral variations. 相似文献