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1.
Summary A model, explaining the effect of air pressure changes in the space of the measuring system on the fine dial counter constant of the Worden and similar gravity meters, is presented. It is based on the changes of the bellows volume with compensating the gravity changes. It is shown that the resetting the gravity meter in the whole range has practically no influence on the fine dial counter constant.
u¶rt;a ¶rt;, na m uu ¶rt;au ¶rt;a nmam uum um a nm a umaauma ¶rt; u nuaum. ¶rt; aa a uu a ua umu uma nu nauu uu u mmu. aa, m nma ¶rt;uanaa um namuu um a uu nm a uma.
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2.
Summary The vertical distribution of the contribution of the energy flux density due to the Alfvén(ordinary) wave, guided by the geomagnetic field(and propagating through the ionosphere to the Earth's surface) in the horizontal direction is demonstrated in the mechanism of the horizontal propagation of the Pc1 signal. The distribution with height is shown of the variations of the polarization characteristics of the propagating wave(e.g. the rotation of the polarization plane, changes in ellipticity, attenuation, etc.), which are the result of coupling in the denser layers of the low ionosphere in which also suitable isotropic(extraordinary) modes are generated. The results obtained using the method described in[4, 13] are demonstrated on a model of the daytime ionosphere under incidence of ordinaryL-modes, frequency f=0.3 Hz, and various meridional angles at the ionosphere.
auauma anmau uaa Pc1 naa m an¶rt;u ¶rt;u nmmu ma uu uma anauu maum n n¶rt; , anma u nmu. naa m an¶rt;u uu aamumu nuauu anma (nauau nmu nuauu, uu unmumu, amau u m.¶rt;.), m m ¶rt;mu au¶rt;mu na uu u . ¶rt; mum n¶rt;¶rt;u umn() ¶rt;. mam num m¶rt; [4, 13] ¶rt;mua ¶rt;u ¶rt; u nu na¶rt;uu a u L-¶rt; amm f=0,3 n¶rt; au u¶rt;uau au.
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3.
Summary Radiation absorption by water vapour plays an important role in the physics of the atmosphere. The calculation of the absorbed radiation energy by water vapour requires the amount of precipitable water in the atmosphere to be known. Actinometric and aerological measurements were used to establish the relation between vapour pressure and absorbed solar radiation.
u a¶rt;uauu ¶rt; nam uam a amu uuu am. uu n a¶rt;uauu ¶rt; na a¶rt; am m a¶rt; ¶rt; am. u¶rt; mu ¶rt; ¶rt;au ¶rt; naa u n a¶rt;uau a amu muu u auu uu.
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4.
Summary The area of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin was characterized by generally high heat flow ranging from 60 to 120 mWm–2, mean 82±16 mWm–2, which has been difficult to explain. Therefore all published data on the heat flow in this region (n=37) were summarized and re-evaluated. Special attention was paid to the detailed assessment of the lithological structure and the contribution of the individual rock types to the characteristic in-situ thermal conductivity. Also the thermal conductivity of the coal bearing layers was estimated and its effect on the temperature-depth distribution was investigated. The application of the data obtained for the representative thermal conductivity profiles of the whole drilled section considerably reduced the mean heat flow to 70±8 mWm–2. The latter value is fully compatible with the tectonic structure of the northern part of the Carpathian Frontal Foredeep. Slightly increased geothermal activity compared with the heat flow field of the adjacent part of the Bohemian Massif corresponds to certain deep geological rejuvenation during the creation of the Western Carpathians.
a -uu aa aamum nu uuau mn nma (m 60 ¶rt; 120 m.–2 nu ¶rt; 82±16 m. –2), m ¶rt;a ¶rt u. m u u nm a nua ¶rt;a mn nma (n=37) ¶rt; ¶rt;a ua. ua ¶rt; ¶rt;ma aau umuu aa u u mnn¶rt;mu in situ ¶rt; a¶rt; muna n¶rt;. a a mnn¶rt;m m, a ma, a ma u¶rt;aa an¶rt;u mnam nu. nau n mam ¶rt; nuau mnn¶rt;mu m u amu aa nu am uum ¶rt;u mn nm ¶rt; 70±8 m.–2. a uua n mam mmu u amu anam a nua. m uumu amumu n au mn n nuaa amu aua mmmmuuau amuuauu nu uauu um ana¶rdt; anam.
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5.
Summary The method of numerical modelling of ionospheric filtration of the Fourier components of a signal from the frequency range of Pc1 micropulsations is employed in the spectral analysis (frequency f, angle of incidence ) of the relative characteristic of the amplitude and energy reflectivity of the ionospheric layer with respect to ordinary Alfvén modes incident in the meridional plane. The results are presented for four different models characterizing the midlatitude day- and night-time ionosphere under low and high solar activity. The results indicate the specificity of filtration of ordinary Alfvén waves. It is proved that the lower region of the modelled ionosphere, as part of the midlatitude ionospheric wave guide (in particular the F2 layer), behaves like an Alfvén resonator in the given spectral range.
m¶rt; u ¶rt;uau u umauu -mau uaa u amm ¶rt;uanaa unau 1 n¶rtum nma aau (amma f, a¶rt;u ) mum anum¶rt; u mu maamu u ¶rt; ¶rt; a, a¶rt;au a u u¶rt;ua nmu. mam n¶rt;aam ¶rt; m a ¶rt; ¶rt;um m ¶rt; u u nu u u nu amumu. aam nuum umauu a. naa, m ua am ¶rt;ua u (a am F2-u ¶rt;um ¶rt;a) ¶rt;m nma ¶rt;uana a am a.
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6.
Summary The four primary geodetic parameters defining the geodetic reference system are discussed from the point of view of their physical meaning and current estimation of their actual accuracy. The geopotential scale factor has been treated as the primary geodetic parameter defining the Earth's dimensions.
¶rt;am m nu¶rt;uu naama, n¶rt;u¶rt;u um mumu, mu u uu a u mmu. ama amnmuaa ¶rt;am am nu¶rt;u naama, n¶rt; a u.
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7.
¶rt;am m unau a¶rt;umaua m nu ma a u mum u au. am a uu u ma a a umaua nmua mmu ¶rt; u mu m uauu.

Presented at the Meeting SSG 5.49 of the IAG, Uppsala, August 7, 1978.  相似文献   

8.
Summary The existence of global synchronous atmospheric oscillations with the period of about 1.4 hour is indicated in terms of a simple theoretical model of the circumpolar circulation.
u nu nm mmu ¶rt;u un uuu naa maua au am nu¶rt; 1,4 .
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9.
Summary The procedure of computing the optimum plan, satisfying the conditions of the criterion generated by a convex linear combination of two convex functional optimality criteria is discussed. A numerical example of computing the optimum plan of a geodetic positional net combining criteria of L-optimality and D-optimality is given.
m¶rt; uu nmua naa, n u umu, ¶rt;a n n u uauu ¶rt; n ua umu nmuamu. u nu ama nmua naa¶rt;u na mu nu uauu umu L-nmuamu u D-nmuamu.
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10.
n¶rt;m mu ¶rt; mu uau aumma. mu aum u mu u m u mu auauu m¶rt;a. u¶rt;m u naam nm nmmuna uau aumma.  相似文献   

11.
Summary An effective method of computing wave fields is proposed. It is applicable in regions intermediate to a slowly varying (geometrical optics) and strongly nonuniform medium (full-wave solution).
¶rt;azam mu m¶rt; ama n, nuu nm am ¶rt; ¶rt; (zmua nmua) u u ¶rt;¶rt; ¶rt; (n u).
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12.
Summary A dynamical model of Phobos has been set up: its boundary surface is defined by the 2nd degree Stokes zonal and sectorial parameters, the mass and angular velocity of rotation of the body (assumed homogeneous), plus the constant part of the tidal potential due to Mars which is relatively very large. The tidal evolution has been outlined, based on the condition that, at a certain epoch, the sum of the tidal and centrifugal forces on the surface of Phobos should be equal to the gravitation of opposite sign. The problem of hydrostatic equilibrium of Phobos is discussed.
ma ¶rt;uaua ¶rt; a: aa nm n¶rt;a m a u mua mu naamau, a u m au ma uma ¶rt;¶rt;, n nm am nuu nmuaa m aa, m aum aum. aa nuua u, aa nu u, m m n a nuu u m u a nmu a aum u numu. ¶rt;am nau¶rt;mamu au a.
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13.
Summary Determination of the gravitational effect of some bodies, the density of which is supposed to be variable in the vertical direction, possibly in the horizontal direction, too.
n¶rt;uaumau ma m m, nmm m um mua uu muma anau.
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14.
Summary The present paper is an attempt to demonstrate the fact that misleading information about the thermodynamic structure of shallow cumulus fields is obtained when standard isobaric level (SIL) data input is used. The 1-D cumulus model serves as the main tool of examination and the reference input data are those of significant levels (SL) in soundings. The computed cloud tops (SIL) exceeded (SL) tops in nearly 80% of the cases and the excesses are more than 1 kilometre in 25% of the cases. Some discrepancies were also found in potential stability analysis. The local changes in equivalent potential temperature may be seriously affected and even falsified. The important role of high resolution in studies of mesoscale phenomena was again accentuated.
mam mum ¶rt;aam, m u am u¶rt; ¶rt;a unam ¶rt;a ma¶rt;am uauu (SIL), m num uauu m¶rt;uau mm mu n. ¶rt;m, una nu u¶rt;auu, m ¶rt;a ¶rt; aa, a am n ¶rt; au unm ¶rt;a au ¶rt;aa. auma u a ¶rt; SIL n¶rt;m n au 80% a, a 25% a ¶rt;a a 1 . au ma ma nu aau nmua mumu. aQj uu uam nmua mnam m m aum ua. n¶rt;uam aa aua nmu nu uuu u a.
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15.
u u u u uu smu um ¶rt;um ¶rt; a, s¶rt;a ¶rt;a ¶rt;u suu (n — mn, k — n¶rt;): saumauo n u: n=2, k=0; n=2, k=2; n=3, k=0, 1, 2, 3; n=4, k=0; n=4, k=3; saumau n : n=2, k=0; n=2, k=2; saumau n a: n=2, k=0.

Dedicated to Prof. RNDr. Emil Buchar, DrSc., Corresponding Member of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, on the Occasion of His 75th Birthday  相似文献   

16.
Summary The paper deals with a comparison of two models used in determining the heat flow qM at the lower boundary of two-dimensional geothermal models of the Earth's crust. Method I is based on a linear relationship between the component of the surface heat flow, which is not generated by heat sources inside the model, and the heat flow qM. This method uses a regularization process, in which the variation of the sought function qM is limited from above. Method II is the most frequently used iterative method, in which the (i + 1)-th approximation of qM is determined from the surface heat flow, corresponding to the i-th approximation of qM used as a boundary condition in solving the direct problem. The comparison of both methods has revealed that the solution obtained by method I satisfies the supposed reality better than the solution obtained by method II. Method II is attractive especially for its simplicity. To eliminate the local variations of the estimated heat flow qM, which are due to automatic transmission from the surface heat flow, a combination of method II with some smoothing procedure could be applied.
¶rt;am ¶rt;a m¶rt;a uu mn nma qM a uau ¶rt; muu ¶rt; . m¶rt; unm u ¶rt; ma nm nma, ma uaa umuau mna mu ¶rt;u, u nm qM. m m¶rt; nu n uauu, auuau auau u uu qM . m m¶rt;, mu nm ¶rt; u n a , umau: (i + 1)-a annuau nma qM um n auma nm nma, ma i- annuauu qM. au ¶rt;m, m nm qM, a¶rt; n m¶rt;, mam n¶rt;naa ¶rt;mummu , u, n m m¶rt;. m m¶rt; nuam nmm. ¶rt; mau a auau a¶rt; nma qM, uu ¶rt;mu amamu na u auau nm nma, ¶rt;a uuam au-u¶rt; m¶rt; auau.
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17.
a 27 nu amu ama m¶rt;au nma aaua ¶rt; nu nma anum¶rt; 27-¶rt; auauu u ÿeau nu¶rt;au 13–14 u 9 ¶rt;. mam an¶rt;u nma anum¶rt; Z u H mau a n nuuuu auauuu uuP 1 (cos ) u P 1 /, mmm. mau mau a um auumu mau auau ¶rt; mmu mu Z/H ¶rt; a¶rt; amuu. au ¶rt; mmuuu u umu a¶rt;au muu ¶rt; ¶rt;am uau mu ¶rt;¶rt;mmu mu u. a aaua au mu Z/H ¶rt;m u uam n u m aa amu.  相似文献   

18.
a auu uu nmama uau u¶rt;a u¶rt;mu (nn ¶rt;uu au m a) ua na ááa m a muau¶rt;¶rt;uaua uma. mumu mmmm uu aa nu¶rt;umu n au uu ma a u ma mu.  相似文献   

19.
Summary Using the optimal shape design method, which is generally described, and von Herzen's et al. measurements of the heat flow, the shape of the lithosphere and its thermal field is computed in the vertical plane parallel to the hot spot source versus the plate velocity at a distance of about 250 km from the axis of the Hawaiian Island chain. The results are compared with the computations based on Crough's idea of thermal rejuvenation of the oceanic lithosphere above a hot spot source. If we assume that the lateral cross-section of the lithospheric bottom is described by the Gaussian curve h=h0 exp (–y2/22), we obtain h035 km and 130 km, where h is the value of lithospheric thinning and y the lateral coordinate. We thus obtain the lower limit of the lateral dimension of the Hawaiian anomaly.
u m¶rt; nmua nua amu, m u ma nuam, u ¶rt;a mn nm, ua a um u mn n mua nmu, naa mu um mum umua mu u ¶rt;a nuuum 250 m uuuaa aunaa. mam a uuu, au a u¶rt;u aa (Crough), aauu mn mu au um a¶rt; umu mu. u n¶rt;num, m ama nn u umu ¶rt;a nuam u aa h=h0 exp (–y2/22), m num h0 35 u 130 ,¶rt; h—umu mu u —amaa ¶rt;uama. ¶rt;am, =130 m u n¶rt; ama aaaa aauu.
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20.
Summary Tests on the vertical vibrating table in the frequency range of70–110 Hz indicate that quartz gravity meters are10–100 times more sensitive at some frequencies than under low-frequency excitation. At high frequencies, the reading beam is at rest and deflected from the correct position. Slow fluctuations of amplitude and frequency near resonance could cause slow irregular motion of the beam with absence of low-frequency ground motion of sufficient intensity.
unmauaum a mua um¶rt; ¶rt;uana amm 70–110u mam, m a m ammaaum 10–100 a mum nu uamm au. u amm au u a¶rt;um n m mu m nu. ¶rt; auauu anum¶rt; u amm au uu aa m am uamm u ua ¶rt;a mmmm uamm au n ¶rt;mam umumu.
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