共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
A strain hardening model is proposed for simulation of the shear behavior of rockfills, including the non-linear stress–strain relationship, stress-dependence of stiffness, non-linear strength envelope, and particularly the shearing contraction and dilatancy. This model utilizes the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion, which is defined by the mobilized friction angle varying with plastic octahedral shear strain. The development of Rowe’s stress dilatancy theory is reviewed, with its limitation for rockfills highlighted. A modified solution is then proposed to derive the mobilized dilatancy angle of rockfills. Compared with large-scale triaxial testing results, it has been demonstrated that this simple model is capable of predicting the shear behavior of rockfills with fair accuracy. 相似文献
2.
3.
A new elastoplastic model is developed for rockfills within the general critical state framework incorporating the state parameter. Two state functions are proposed to characterize the evolution of volume dilation and strain softening of rockfills, and a modified breakage index based on the concept of Hardin's relative breakage is defined to describe the progressive crushing of rockfills. The nonassociated plastic flow rule is derived from a state dependent dilatancy equation, and it incorporates energy dissipation due to intrinsic nonlinear friction and particle breakage upon shearing. Thus, their couple effect on the plastic deviatoric and volumetric deformation of rockfills is taken into account in the current model. The numerical analyses are carried out for a series of drained triaxial tests on the modeled rockfills at various consolidation pressures and stress paths. The volume dilation/contraction and strain softening/hardening of rockfills are accurately predicted by the proposed model, and the particle breakage and nonlinear critical state shear strength of rockfills are also well captured. The research findings indicate that the current model is applicable to represent the complex stress–strain–volume change behavior of rockfills in general. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
鉴于膨胀土滑坡往往表现为长期性、渐进性等与时间相关的特性,利用GDS应力路径三轴仪对膨胀土进行了三轴卸荷蠕变试验。试验结果表明：当偏应力较小时,膨胀土的蠕变曲线仅出现瞬时变形和衰减蠕变;当偏应力达到一定值时,其蠕变曲线也呈现衰减蠕变、稳态蠕变和加速蠕变3个阶段,但其加速蠕变阶段的特征与一般岩土体不同,其蠕变速度近乎常数。膨胀土的应力?应变等时曲线显示,膨胀土卸荷蠕变具有非线性特征,且其非线性程度与蠕变时间和应力水平相关,蠕变时间越长、应力水平越高,其非线性程度越高。基于非线性流变力学理论,提出了一种非线性四元件蠕变模型,将标准线性体与一个非线性黏壶串联,该模型可描述等围压三轴压缩应力状态下膨胀土轴向应变随时间的演变规律。根据膨胀土卸荷蠕变试验结果,采用曲线拟合法对三维非线性模型的参数进行反演识别。拟合曲线和试验曲线对比显示,两者吻合良好,说明该模型可以很好地描述膨胀土的蠕变特性。此外,基于该蠕变模型获取了膨胀土的临界破坏应力,其与常规剪切破坏应力的比值随着固结压力的减小而减小,表明越接近坡面的土层越容易发生蠕变破坏。 相似文献
5.
Meng-Chia Weng 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(4):1197-1209
Based on the concept of generalized plasticity, this study proposes a constitutive model to describe the time-dependent behavior and wetting deterioration of sandstone. The proposed model (1) exhibits nonlinear elasticity under hydrostatic and shear loading, (2) follows the associated flow rule for viscoplastic deformation, (3) adopts a creep modulus that varies with the stress ratio, (4) considers the primary and secondary creep behaviors of rock, and (5) considers the effect of wetting deterioration. This model requires 13 material parameters, comprising 3 for elasticity, 7 for plasticity, and 3 for creep. All parameters can be determined easily by following the suggested procedures. The proposed model is first validated by comparison with triaxial tests of sandstone under different hydrostatic stress and cyclic loading conditions. In addition, the model is versatile in simulating time-dependent behavior through a series of multistage creep tests. Finally, to consider the effects of wetting deterioration, triaxial and creep tests under dry and water-saturated conditions are simulated. Comparison of the simulated and experimental data shows that the proposed model can predict the behavior of sandstone in dry and saturated conditions. 相似文献
6.
7.
研究并提出一种以应变软化指标为基础的岩石非线性蠕变模型。首先,基于岩石三轴压缩试验结果,分析提出一种峰后应变软化指标R1来描述岩石峰后力学参数软化与塑性变形间的关系。接着,通过分析加速蠕变阶段与峰后段的联系,建立加速蠕变应变软化指标R2,并以此为基础构建非线性黏塑性体。然后,将其与Hook体和Kelvin元件串联,组建非线性蠕变模型,并将模型嵌入ABAQUS有限元程序。最后,针对砂岩和泥岩三轴蠕变试验建立数值模型,模拟曲线与试验曲线吻合良好,说明所建模型适用于硬岩/软岩加速蠕变现象的模拟。其中,参数 对加速蠕变曲线形态起调节作用,显示模型模拟脆性?延性流变破坏的特点。另外,模型参数均可由常规压缩破坏试验以及蠕变试验确定,易于获取。 相似文献
8.
三峡泄滩滑坡滑动带土的改进Singh-Mitchell蠕变方程 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
进行了三峡泄滩滑坡体滑动带土的三轴排水蠕变试验研究,在此基础上给出了该滑动带土的 Singh-Mitchell 蠕变方程,即剪应力-应变关系采用指数函数,应变-时间关系采用幂函数来描述土体的流变性质。并根据分段拟合的思想,提出了改进的 Singh-Mitchell 蠕变方程,即在应变-时间幂函数中使用不同的幂值λ ,来分别模拟滑动带土的衰减、匀速和恒定蠕变。通过对比可知,改进 Singh-Mitchell 蠕变方程较 Singh-Mitchell 蠕变方程能更好地模拟流变性较小的滑动带粘土。 相似文献
9.
在扼要分析堆石料主要力学特性的基础上,在亚塑性理论框架内,采用扩展的Gudehus-Bauer亚塑性模型对堆石料因含水率发生变化引起的湿化行为进行建模预测。扩展模型除能考虑含水率对颗粒硬度的影响外,还能反映土体密实度、应力状态和含水率等对堆石料非线性和非弹性变形的影响。将该模型应用于心墙坝初次蓄水时应力变形的亚塑性计算分析中。结果表明,扩展模型能较合理地反映心墙堆石坝的湿化变形规律。 相似文献
10.
混凝土面板堆石坝应力变形长期性状有限元模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了获得混凝土面板堆石坝长期力学行为（尤其流变变形对混凝土面板堆石坝工作性状的影响）定量分析成果,运用ABAQUS有限元对国内某抽水蓄能电站混凝土面板堆石坝进行了数值模拟。采用考虑非线性强度的改进双屈服面流变模型描述堆石料长期力学性能,其中瞬时塑性变形采用改进双屈服面模型确定,而黏塑性流变变形采用指数衰减函数定义。有限元分析获得坝体、单元和面板在填筑期、蓄水期与运行期的应力与变形一般规律。结果表明：运行阶段堆石流变变形对混凝土面板堆石坝应力、变形性状产生显著影响。研究结论有益于进一步了解和合理预测混凝土面板的长期性能。 相似文献
11.
12.
颗粒破碎是粒状材料在高应力状态下的一种基本现象。为了研究冻结砂土中颗粒破碎对应力应变关系的影响,将冻结砂土视为复合颗粒材料,忽略冰的压融,考虑内摩擦角随应力状态的变化,构建一个适用于冻结砂土的考虑颗粒破碎的非线性本构模型。构建过程分为三步,首先是基于三轴剪切前后颗粒分析对冻结砂土颗粒破碎模式和产生机理进行探讨;其次是基于考虑颗粒破碎的能量平衡方程,对冻土在三轴剪切试验过程中的颗粒破碎耗能进行分析,结果表明颗粒破碎耗能随轴向应变呈双曲线变化趋势;最后应用考虑颗粒破碎的剪胀方程修正沈珠江三参数非线性模型中的体积切线模量νt,得到一个考虑颗粒破碎的非线性本构模型,模型参数可以通过单轴压缩试验和常规三轴试验确定。将原模型和修正后模型的计算结果与控制温度为-6℃,围压为1 MPa、4 MPa、6 MPa、8 MPa和10 MPa时冻结砂土的试验结果进行对比,结果表明该模型能够较好的模拟冻结砂土从低围压到高围压的应变软化特征与剪胀特征。 相似文献
13.
不同应力状态下软黏土蠕变特性试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土的蠕变性质受到许多因素的影响,在不同的应力条件下土会呈现出不同的性状。天津滨海吹填软土同样具有一般软土的蠕变特性,以其为研究对象,利用土体三轴流变试验机进行了三轴不固结不排水蠕变试验和单轴压缩蠕变试验,并选取了10个时间节点取样进行微型十字板剪切试验,研究抗剪强度变化规律。试验结果表明,单轴压缩蠕变和三轴蠕变历时曲线都具有非线性的特征,随应力水平的提高,单轴压缩蠕变的应力-应变等时曲线向应力轴靠拢,三轴蠕变的应力-应变等时曲线向应变轴靠拢;线性蠕变变形的情况下黏滞系数主要与时间有关,非线性的情况下与时间和应力水平都相关;在三轴蠕变状态下压缩模量随时间增长而减小,长期强度随时间先降低再趋于稳定;单轴压缩时压缩模量随时间增长而提高,长期强度随时间先增长后稳定。最后经过推导得出了不同应力状态下的长期强度随时间、偏应力的函数关系式。 相似文献
14.
A series of triaxial creep tests were conducted on warm frozen silts extracted from Qinghai–Tibet Plateau at temperature of ?1.5 °C under confining pressures of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 MPa, respectively. The applied test stress levels were 30, 50, 60, and 70% of triaxial shear strength, respectively. The test results indicate that the creep strain increases with the increase in applied stress level and there is a stress threshold, based on which the test results can be classified into two types of creep strain curves. The creep strain curve only includes primary and secondary creep stages when the stress level is less than the threshold value. When the stress level exceeds the threshold value, the creep strain velocity gradually increases and the specimen quickly fails in tertiary creep stage. Based on the creep test results, a fractional order rheological element model is established for warm frozen silt, which is also generalized from uniaxial stress state to the three-dimensional stress state. From the analysis on the features of the stress threshold, a creep strength criterion is also proposed simultaneously. Comparing the calculated results of the warm frozen silt with the tested ones, it is found that the predicted results of the proposed model are in good agreement with the test results. In the proposed fractional order model, the relationship between the damage factor and time is established to describe the damage degree of the specimen. Compared with the existing creep constitutive model of frozen soil, the proposed fractional order model has advantages of fewer model parameters, higher simulation precision and wider applicability in analyzing the mechanical properties of warm frozen silt. 相似文献
15.
The objective of this study is to derive an effective stress‐based constitutive law capable of predicting rate‐dependent stress–strain, stress path and undrained shear strength and creep behavior. The flow rule used in the MIT‐E3 model and viscoplasticity theory is employed in the derivation. The model adopts the yield surface capable of representing the yield behavior of the Taipei silty clay and assumes that it is initially symmetric about the K0‐line. A method is then developed to compute the gyration and expansion of the loading surface to simulate the anisotropic behavior due to the principal stress rotation after shear. There are 11 parameters required for the model to describe the soil behavior and six of them are exactly the same as those used in the Modified Cam‐clay model. The five additional parameters can be obtained by parametric studies or conventional soil tests, such as consolidation tests, triaxial compression and extension tests. Finally, verification of the model for the anisotropic behavior, creep behavior and the rate‐dependent undrained stress–strain and shear strength of the Taipei silty clay is conducted. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
17.
粗粒土的一种应变硬化模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
堆石料等粗粒土在经受剪切时不仅其强度和刚度随应力水平而变化,其体积变化特征也和应力水平密切相关。在Mohr-Coulomb模型的基础上,提出一个针对这类粗粒土剪切特征的应变硬化模型。模型以Mohr-Coulomb准则作为屈服准则,但考虑土体强度、刚度和体积变化特征均随应力水平而变化等重要特性。对Rowe剪胀理论的推导及其试验基础进行了深入讨论,指出该理论对于粗粒土的局限性,并在此基础上针对粗粒土的剪胀特性进一步发展给出其机动剪胀角的变化规律。与试验结果的计算对比表明,该模型能较为全面地反映粗粒土的主要剪切特性,特别是剪切时的体积变化特性,且相对简便实用。 相似文献
18.
通过将Perzyna过应力理论与临界状态理论相结合,并引入Wheeler旋转硬化法则,提出一个能描述土体初始各向异性及应力诱发各向异性的三维弹黏塑性本构模型。模型考虑流变发生的下限,在三维应力空间,模型存在形状相似的静屈服面及动态加载面。采用缩放形式的幂函数。本构模型数值算法采用回映算法,借助ABAQUS软件UMAT子程序接口实现。并通过对三轴不排水蠕变试验的模拟,确定合适的积分步长。此后,分别对三轴不排水蠕变试验及常应变率三轴不排水剪切试验进行了模拟。模拟中通过设置不同参数值,可将模型退化为各向同性模型,并对这两种模拟结果进行了比较。模拟结果表明：(1) 对于三轴不排水蠕变,在低剪应力水平下,各向同性模型和各向异性模型模拟的结果相差不大,而在高剪应力水平下,各向异性模型模拟结果更接近试验结果;(2) 对于常应变率加载试验的模拟,模型合理反映了土体不排水强度随着加载速率的增大而增大现象。 相似文献
19.
Long-term Non-linear creep and swelling behavior of Hong Kong marine deposits in oedometer condition
The time-dependent stress-strain behavior of clayey soil is a great concern for predicting long-term settlement especially for large-scale land reclamation projects. In this paper, long-term time-dependent behavior of Hong Kong Marine Deposits (HKMD) under the loading stage and unloading stage is investigated by multi-staged loading oedometer test. Special emphasis has been given to study creep and swelling behavior. It is found that the clayey soil demonstrates the creep behavior during the loading stage, whereas it shows the swelling behavior during the unloading stage. The analysis of the creep behavior shows that there exists a linear trend between creep strain and time (in log-scale) within a certain period, whereas a nonlinear relationship in a long term view. Similar result is found for the swelling behavior. A nonlinear function is found to be suitable to predict the long-term creep and swelling behavior. The creep strain limit and swelling strain limit can be obtained if the nonlinear function is adopted to fit the experimental data. In addition, a new modified Elastic Visco-Plastic model considering Swelling (EVPS model) is proposed and presented, which considers the nonlinear creep and swelling behavior. In this modified EVPS model, the final creep and swelling equilibrium stress-strain state can also be obtained when the time is infinite. 相似文献
20.
A frozen soil creep model with shear strength attenuation was proposed based on a soft soil creep model. K 0 compression and triaxial shear tests were conducted to obtain the model parameters. With triaxial creep tests, the performance of soft soil creep model was verified at first. It was shown that different creep stages can only be described separately, which was due to a constant failure line used in the model. After incorporating strength attenuation into the original model, relative position between stress point and failure line is time dependent, and the progressive development of creep strain from primary to tertiary stage can be captured reasonably. 相似文献