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恰夏─铁米尔特多金属矿田已发现黄铁矿型铜矿床、黄铁矿型铜铅锌多金属矿床和构造热液型铜金矿床三种矿化类型，组成矿田的矿床系列。早泥盆世第一次火山活动于近火山口附近形成与喷气热液有关的恰夏黄铁矿型铜矿床；于火山洼地中形成与火山－沉积作用有关的铁米尔特黄铁矿型铜铅锌多金属矿床；褶皱期于构造破碎带中形成构造热液型铜金矿化．区内三种矿床（化）类型具有较大远景． 相似文献
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阿尔金北缘红柳沟-拉配泉一带铜金矿床硫同位素特征及其意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对阿尔金北缘地区铜金矿床的硫同位素研究, 结合矿床地质特征, 划分了区内矿床的成因类型, 认为主要有3类:似层状海相火山沉积型铜多金属矿床、韧性剪切带型(铜)金矿床、受裂隙控制的脉状岩浆热液型铜多金属矿床。结合区域构造演化特点, 探讨了矿床成因类型与区域构造演化阶段的关系, 认为区域成矿作用可分为3个阶段:第一阶段为早古生代早中期板块构造海底扩张作用时期, 形成以喀腊大湾为代表的海相火山沉积型铜多金属矿床; 第二阶段是早古生代晚期板块构造聚合碰撞作用时期, 形成以大平沟和红柳沟为代表的韧性剪切带型(动力变质热液型)(铜)金矿床; 第三阶段是早古生代末板块构造碰撞后的岩浆活动和偏脆性断裂构造活动时期, 形成以索尔库里北山和拉配泉为代表的受裂隙控制的岩浆热液型铜多金属矿床。从硫同位素特征、矿床成因类型及其与区域构造演化的关系上分析, 该区具有较好的铜金多金属矿床找矿远景。 相似文献
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已有的科研成果和勘查资料均显示,冀北地区铜钼铅锌银多金属矿床及部分金矿床具一定的分带性,铜钼多金属矿床多靠近岩体,形成斑岩型或矽卡岩型铜钼多金属矿床,铅锌银多金属矿床多呈热液脉状分布在岩体外围。两类矿床在成矿物质和成矿流体的来源上均与酸性岩体关系密切,构成一个完整的斑岩-浅成低温热液型成矿系统。以冀北地区勘查程度较高的蔡家营、贾家营、北岔沟门和小寺沟等大中型矿床为例,说明了斑岩-浅成低温热液型成矿系统在冀北地区存在的普遍性。据此提出,应改变过去以单一脉状铅锌银矿为目标的勘查模式,以斑岩-浅成低温热液型矿床勘查模式代之,重新考虑和审视以前地质工作中忽略的含矿斑岩体或脉状浅成热液多金属矿床的外围及深部成矿潜力。 相似文献
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阿尔金北缘红柳沟-拉配泉-带铜金矿床硫同位素特征及其意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对阿尔金北缘地区铜金矿床的硫同位素研究，结合矿床地质特征，划分了区内矿床的成因类型，认为主要有3类：似层状海相火山沉积型铜多金属矿床、韧性剪切带型（铜）金矿床、受裂隙控制的脉状岩浆热液型铜多金属矿床。结合区域构造演化特点，探讨了矿床成因类型与区域构造演化阶段的关系，认为区域成矿作用可分为3个阶段：第一阶段为早古生代早中期板块构造海底扩张作用时期，形成以喀腊大湾为代表的海相火山沉积型铜多金属矿床；第二阶段是早古生代晚期板块构造聚合碰撞作用时期，形成以大平沟和红柳沟为代表的韧性剪切带型（动力变质热液型）（铜）金矿床；第三阶段是早古生代末板块构造碰撞后的岩浆活动和偏脆性断裂构造活动时期，形成以索尔库里北山和拉配泉为代表的受裂隙控制的岩浆热液型铜多金属矿床。从硫同位素特征、矿床成因类型及其与区域构造演化的关系上分析，该区具有较好的铜金多金属矿床找矿远景。 相似文献
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铁米尔特——恰夏——萨热阔布多金属金矿床系列矿床地质地球化学研究 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
铁米尔特－－恰夏－－萨热阔布多金属金矿田已发现铁米尔特铜铅锌矿床、恰夏铜矿床、萨热阔布金矿床，组成了矿田的矿床系列。早泥盆世火山活动于近火山口附近形成了与火山喷气热液有关的恰夏黄铁矿型铜矿床；于火山洼地中形成与火山沉积作用有关的铁米尔特铜铅锌多金属矿床，褶皱期构造破碎带中形成构造蚀变岩型萨热阔布金矿床。 相似文献
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二十一站-宝兴沟( 铜) 金矿床( 点) 位于上黑龙江断陷盆地的东南部。区域地质背景及典型矿床研究表明,矿床不仅受NE 向断裂构造控制,还受其同期的岩浆岩控制。对宝兴沟金矿床的流体包裹体测试结果、矿床围岩蚀变和与火山穹窿构造间的关系等研究,表明宝兴沟金矿可能是中硫型浅成低温热液型矿床,二十一站和十五里桥( 铜) 金矿床可能是高硫型浅成低温热液型矿床( 点) 。区域地质特征、遥感解译、航磁异常及Au、Ag、Cu 化探异常分布特征显示了本区可能存在两种环境的斑岩型--浅成低温热液型成矿热液系统。在此基础上,结合铜元素化探异常和火山穹窿等特征,提出了在十五桥金矿床、二十一站铜金矿一带寻找斑岩型铜钼矿化类型,在NW、NNE 向构造带内找寻与浅成低温热液系统有关的矿床。 相似文献
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随着近年来找矿工作的不断突破,大兴安岭地区的铅锌多金属矿床在矿化元素组合、矿床时空分布、成因类型等方面逐渐显示出复杂性和多样性特征.为了进一步探究该地区铅锌多金属矿床的差异性及其内在因素,在前期对白音诺尔、拜仁达坝、维拉斯托、浩布高和边家大院等铅锌多金属矿床研究基础上,结合区内前人对中型以上铅锌多金属矿床的资料和成果,重点讨论了区域上中生代与岩浆作用有关的铅锌多金属矿床成矿背景、共性特征和成矿时空规律,获得了以下主要认识:(1)大部分矿床空间上大致以北、中、南近平行的三条NE向矿带展布,其中一南带矿床尤为密集;(2)时间上可分为中-晚三叠世与晚侏罗-早白垩世两期,且后者的矿床数量占大多数,多期次成矿的现象较为普遍;(3)成因类型上,北矿带主要为浅成低温热液型矿床,中、南成矿带则以矽卡岩型和岩浆热液脉型最为重要;(4)在晚侏罗-早白垩世区域范围内的拉伸环境下,大规模的中酸性岩浆侵入活动是大兴安岭地区最重要岩浆-热事件,形成了多种类型的铅锌多金属矿床,其中的高分异花岗岩与南带富锡铅锌多金属成矿的关系密切;(5)F、Mn元素相关的蚀变与矿化具有较为强烈的空间联系;(6)S同位素显示北带矿床的S来源主要为相关的火山-次火山岩,中带矿床S主要来自成矿岩浆,而南带矿床除岩浆外,围岩地层对S也有一定贡献;(7)Pb同位素数据显示其主要为造山带混合铅来源,与晚侏罗-早白垩世时期大兴安岭地区后造山伸展构造环境有关;(8)H-O同位素数据表明区域矿床的成矿流体来源较为相似,浅成低温热液型矿床流体中大气降水比重较大,而矽卡岩型和岩浆热液脉型矿床则主要为岩浆水,大气降水则在成矿晚期加入. 相似文献
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The Quadrilátero Ferrífero is a classic gold province on a global scale, with hundreds of individual gold occurrences in the Archean greenstone belt comprising the Rio das Velhas Supergroup. There are numerous small gold deposits, including Faria, Esperança III, Bicalho, Bela Fama, Juca Vieira, Brumal, Boa Vista, Fernandes, Moita, Roça Grande, Bico de Pedra and Pari, as well as the world-class deposits of Morro Velho and Cuiabá. All these deposits, whether large or small, are structurally controlled and related to either shear zones or folds. Extensive down-plunge continuity is a consistent feature of the deposits. In the Rio das Velhas greenstone belt, six main styles of gold mineralization are recognized. These are deposits hosted within: (1), Lapa seca (e.g., Morro Velho, Bicalho, Bela Fama), (2), Banded iron formations (e.g., Cuiabá, São Bento, Raposos, Faria, Brumal, Roça Grande), (3), Quartz veins (e.g., Juca Vieira, Fernandes), (4), Disseminated sulfides with quartz veinlets (e.g., Moita), (5), Amphibolites (e.g., Pari), and (6), Disseminated to massive base-metal sulfides (e.g., Bico de Pedra). The first four types of deposits are epigentic (orogenic) gold deposits, similar to those found in greenstone belts worldwide. The last two are unusual types of gold deposit, peculiar to the Quadrilátero Ferrífero. Bico de Pedra is a polymetallic Au–Ag–Zn–Pb–Cu deposit related to an aplite intrusion, whereas Pari is a stratiform Au-bearing-banded iron formation metamorphosed to epidote–amphibolite metamorphic facies. 相似文献
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通过对新疆北部10多个中－大型金、铜矿床的对比研究，探讨了其含矿建造及其岩石化学成分，将这些中－大型金、铜矿床概括为块状硫化物型铜－多金属－金矿系列、浅成低温热液型金矿系列、铜镍硫化物型矿床系列、与韧性剪切带有关的构造蚀变岩型金矿系列、与夕卡岩有关的铜（钼）矿床系列等5个成矿系列类型、并指出本区金、铜矿床存在“一代，双峰”和“集中成矿，分片富集”的时空分布特点；在探讨有关典型矿床的硫同位素、铅同位素、稀土元素地球化学特征的基础上，阐述了本区中－大型金、铜矿床具有明显的多成矿物质来源和多成矿阶段等基本特性；最后建立了本区中－大型金、铜矿床的区域成矿模式。 相似文献
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Patrick Mercier-Langevin Mark D. Hannington Beno?t Dub�� Val��rie B��cu 《Mineralium Deposita》2011,46(5-6):509-539
Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits contain variable amounts of gold, both in terms of average grade and total gold content, with some VMS deposits hosting world-class gold mines with more than 100?t Au. Previous studies have identified gold-rich VMS as having an average gold grade, expressed in g/t, exceeding the total abundance of base metals, expressed in wt.%. However, statistically meaningful criteria for the identification of truly anomalous deposits have not been established. This paper presents a more extensive analysis of gold grades and tonnages of 513 VMS deposits worldwide, revealing a number of important features in the distribution of the data. A large proportion of deposits are characterized by a relatively low gold grade (<2?g/t), with a gradual decrease in frequency towards maximum gold grades, defining a log-normal distribution. In the analysis presented in this paper, the geometric mean and geometric standard deviation appear to be the simplest metric for identifying subclasses of VMS deposits based on gold grade, especially when comparing deposits within individual belts and districts. The geometric mean gold grade of 513 VMS deposits worldwide is 0.76?g/t; the geometric standard deviation is +2.70?g/t Au. In this analysis, deposits with more than 3.46?g/t Au (geometric mean plus one geometric standard deviation) are considered auriferous. The geometric mean gold content is 4.7?t Au, with a geometric standard deviation of +26.3?t Au. Deposits containing 31?t Au or more (geometric mean plus one geometric standard deviation) are also considered to be anomalous in terms of gold content, irrespective of the gold grade. Deposits with more than 3.46?g/t Au and 31?t Au are considered gold-rich VMS. A large proportion of the total gold hosted in VMS worldwide is found in a relatively small number of such deposits. The identification of these truly anomalous systems helps shed light on the geological parameters that control unusual enrichment of gold in VMS. At the district scale, the gold-rich deposits occupy a stratigraphic position and volcanic setting that commonly differs from other deposits of the district possibly due to a step change in the geodynamic and magmatic evolution of local volcanic complexes. The gold-rich VMS are commonly associated with transitional to calc-alkaline intermediate to felsic volcanic rocks, which may reflect a particularly fertile geodynamic setting and/or timing (e.g., early arc rifting or rifting front). At the deposit scale, uncommon alteration assemblages (e.g., advanced argillic, aluminous, strongly siliceous, or potassium feldspar alteration) and trace element signatures may be recognized (e.g., Au?CAg?CAs?CSb ± Bi?CHg?CTe), suggesting a direct magmatic input in some systems. 相似文献
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西秦岭寒武系层控金矿床中成矿元素富集规律 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
产于西秦岭南亚带寒武系硅岩建造中的金矿床, 是我国境内发现的一种与海底喷流作用有关的、具有独特地质特征的层控金矿床。成矿元素富集规律研究表明, 矿床中富集的元素种类十分丰富, 不仅含有具基性、超基性特征的元素群, 而且含有具酸性特征的元素群, 元素组合相当复杂。除Ａｕ 外, Ｃｕ、Ｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｂ、Ｖ、Ｚｎ等在局部地段亦可圈出独立的矿体。尤为重要的是, 矿床中铂族元素（ＰＧＥ）、分散元素（Ｓｅ、Ｉｎ） 的富集程度达到了综合利用的程度, 从而构成特殊的Ａｕ－Ｃｕ－Ｕ－Ｍｏ－Ｓｅ－ＰＧＥ建造矿床。 相似文献
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Khin Zaw Stephen G. Peters Paul Cromie Clive Burrett Zengqian Hou 《Ore Geology Reviews》2007,31(1-4):3-47
The South China Region is rich in mineral resources and has a wide diversity of deposit types. The region has undergone multiple tectonic and magmatic events and related metallogenic processes throughout the earth history. These tectonic and metallogenic processes were responsible for the formation of the diverse styles of base and precious metal deposits in South China making it one of the resource-rich regions in the world. During the Proterozoic, the South China Craton was characterised by rifting of continental margin before eruption of submarine volcanics and development of platform carbonate rocks, and the formation of VHMS, stratabound copper and MVT deposits. The Phanerozoic metallogeny of South China was related to opening and closing of the Tethyan Ocean involving multiple orogenies by subduction, back-arc rifting, arc–continent collision and post-collisional extension during the Indosinian (Triassic), Yanshanian (Jurassic to Cretaceous) and Himalayan (Tertiary) Orogenies. The Late Palaeozoic was a productive metallogenic period for South China resulting from break-up and rifting of Gondwana. Significant stratabound base and precious metal deposits were formed during the Devonian and Carboniferous (e.g., Fankou and Dabaoshan deposits). These Late Palaeozoic SEDEX-style deposits have been often overprinted by skarn systems associated with Yanshanian magmatism (e.g., Chengmenshan, Dongguashan and Qixiashan). A number of Late Palaeozoic to Early Mesozoic VHMS deposits also developed in the Sanjiang fold belt in the western part of South China (e.g., Laochang and Gacun).South China has significant sedimentary rock-hosted Carlin-like deposits, which occur in the Devonian- to Triassic-aged accretionary wedge or rift basins at the margin of the South China Craton. They are present in a region at the junction of Yunnan, Guizhou, and Guangxi Provinces called the ‘Southern Golden Triangle’, and are also present in NW Sichuan, Gansu and Shaanxi, in an area known as the ‘Northern Golden Triangle’ of China. These deposits are mostly epigenetic hydrothermal micron-disseminated gold deposits with associated As, Hg, Sb + Tl mineralisation similar to Carlin-type deposits in USA. The important deposits in the Southern Golden Triangle are Jinfeng (Lannigou), Zimudang, Getang, Yata and Banqi in Guizhou Province, and the Jinya and Gaolong deposits in Guangxi District. The most important deposits in the Northern Golden Triangle are the Dongbeizhai and Qiaoqiaoshang deposits.Many porphyry-related polymetallic copper–lead–zinc and gold skarn deposits occur in South China. These deposits are related to Indosinian (Triassic) and Yanshanian (Jurassic to Cretaceous) magmatism associated with collision of the South China and North China Cratons and westward subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific Plate. Most of these deposits are distributed along the Lower to Middle Yangtze River metallogenic belt. The most significant deposits are Tonglushan, Jilongshan, Fengshandong, Shitouzui and Jiguanzui. Au–(Ag–Mo)-rich porphyry-related Cu–Fe skarn deposits are also present (Chengmenshan and Wushan in Jiangxi Province and Xinqiao, Mashan-Tianmashan, Shizishan and Huangshilaoshan in Anhui Province). The South China fold belt extending from Fujian to Zhejiang Provinces is characterised by well-developed Yanshanian intrusive to subvolcanic rocks associated with porphyry to epithermal type mineralisation and mesothermal vein deposits. The largest porphyry copper deposit in China, Dexing, occurs in Jiangxi Province and is hosted by Yanshanian granodiorite. The high-sulphidation epithermal system occurs at the Zijinshan district in Fujian Province and epithermal to mesothermal vein-type deposits are also found in the Zhejiang Province (e.g., Zhilingtou). Part of Shandong Province is located at the northern margin of the South China Craton and the province has unique world class granite-hosted orogenic gold deposits. Occurrences of Pt–Pd–Ni–Cu–Co are found in Permian-aged Emeishan continental flood basalt (ECFB) in South China (Jinbaoshan and Baimazhai in Yunnan Province and Yangliuping in Sichuan Province). South China also has major vein-type tungsten–tin–bismuth–beryllium–sulphide and REE deposits associated with Yanshanian magmatism (e.g., Shizhuyuan and Xihuashan), important world class stratabound base metal–tin deposits (Dachang deposit), and the large antimony deposits (Xikuangshan and Woxi). During the Himalayan Orogeny, many giant deposits were formed in South China including the recently emerging Yulong and Gangdese porphyry copper belts in Tibet and the Ailaoshan orogenic gold deposits in Yunnan. 相似文献
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中国西北地区中亚型造山—成矿作用的研究意义和进展 总被引：57，自引：0，他引：57
地处欧亚大陆核心的中亚型造山带,由多条古生代缝合带与多个前寒武纪小陆块镶嵌,基此 形成 中新生代盆地—山脉耦合的构造格局,并具有独特的构造演化史和动力学机制。中亚型造山 作用造就了丰富的矿产资源,矿床类型多样,超大型矿床汇聚,是解决我国21世纪矿产资源 问题的关键地带。但目 前尚未查明其成矿规律、成矿机制和找矿方向,因而急需研究。 相似文献
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东北非金矿的矿床类型、成矿条件与努比亚地盾演化密切相关。努比亚地盾金矿类型,按成因可分为两大类:一类是与造山带有关的韧性剪切带金矿,即造山型金矿;另一类是弧-弧拼合过程中形成的火山成因块状硫化物金矿,即VMS型铜-金矿。受韧性剪切带控制的造山型金矿形成于闭合-碰撞造山阶段,与弧-弧碰撞缝合带展布方向一致的北东向韧性剪切带为造山型金矿的主要控矿构造,该类型矿床规模以中小型为主。沿韧性剪切带成带分布的火山成因块状硫化物(VMS型)金矿床形成于洋壳俯冲-岛弧的形成阶段,其形成环境为岛弧裂谷或弧后裂谷环境,矿床规模以大型为主,成群分布于5个矿集区内。本文总结了该地区造山带型和VMS型金矿的主要特征,并依此提出在该地区寻找此两种类型金矿的找矿标志。 相似文献
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澳大利亚造山型金矿和侵入岩有关金矿系统流体包裹体资料和矿化过程的比较 总被引：8，自引：7，他引：8
T.P.Memagh E.N.Bastrakov Khin Zaw A.S.Wygralak L.A.I.Wybom 《岩石学报》2007,23(1):21-32
We have examined the fluid inclusion data and fluid chemistry of Australian orogenic and intrusion-related gold deposits to determine if similar mineralization processes apply to both styles of deposits.The fluid inclusion data from the Yilgarn craton,the western subprovince of the Lachlan orogen,the Tanami,Tennant Creek and Pine Creek regions,and the Telfer gold mine show that mineralization involved fluids with broadly similar major chemical components(i.e.H_2O NaCl CO_2±CH_4±N_2).These deposits formed over a wide range of temperature-pressure conditions(<200 to>500℃,<100～400MPa).Low salinity, CO_2-bearing inclusions and low salinity aqueous inclusions occur in both systems but the main difference between these two types of deposits is that most intrusion-related gold deposits also contain at least one population of high-salinity aqueous brine.Oxygen and hydrogen isotope data for both styles of deposit usually cannot distinguish between a magmatic or metamorphic source for the ore-bearing fluids.However,sulfur and lead isotope data for the intrusion-related gold deposits generally indicate either a magmatic source or mixing between magmatic and sedimentary sources of fluid.The metamorphic geothermal gradients associated with intrusion-related gold deposits are characterized by low pressure,high temperature metamorphism and high crustal geothermal gradients of>30/km.Where amphibole breakdown occurs in a granite source region,the spatially related deposits are more commonly associated with Cu-Au deposits rather than Au-only deposits that are associated with lower temperature granites.The dominant processes thought to cause gold precipitation in both types of deposits are fluid-rock interaction(e.g.desulfidation)or phase separation.Consideration of the physical and chemical properties of the H_2O-NaCl-CO_2 system on the nature of gold precipitation mechanisms at different crustal levels infers different roles of chemical(fluid-rock interaction)versus rheological(phase separation and/or fluid mixing)host-rock controls on gold deposition.This also implies that at the site of deposition,similar precipitation mechanisms operate at similar crustal levels for both orogenic and intrusion-related gold deposits. 相似文献