共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 166 毫秒
1.
2.
碳酸盐岩风化剖面U和Th的富集特征
及淋溶实验的指示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对贵州岩溶区12条风化剖面U、Th的分布情况、岩-土界面岩粉层动态淋溶残余物的元素变化特征以及元素质量平衡的研究,初步揭示了碳酸盐岩风化剖面U、Th的富集特征.①在碳酸盐岩风化体系中,U呈现出明显的活性,而Th既有惰性的一面,又表现出活性的一面.②碳酸盐岩风化过程中,岩-土界面是U、Th产生突变性富集的重要地球化学场所,而剖面进一步发育演化中U、Th的变化是一个长期而缓慢的过程.岩-土界面反应中,由于风化残余物体积的巨大缩小,U呈现出低背景、强亏损、高富集的地球化学特征.当Th呈现活性态时,与U表现出相似的地球化学特征;当Th表现为惰性态时,其在剖面中的富集主要源于易溶组分溶蚀后的绝对残余.③碳酸盐岩风化剖面U、Th的富集系数与基岩酸不溶物含量存在明显的负相关,说明碳酸盐岩酸不溶物含量愈低,碳酸盐溶蚀的体量愈大,风化溶液带出的活性U或Th也愈多,风化残余物的体积缩小变化程度也愈强,因此残余U或Th的相对富集程度也愈高. 相似文献
3.
传统观点认为,碳酸盐岩中的缝合线是在岩石负载或构造应力作用下压溶形成的,是一种化学压实作用的产物。对缝合线进行综合研究,发现其具有“四性特征”,即完整性、亲烃性、排孔性及胀裂汇聚性。综合以上“四性”认为,缝合线主要是岩石在负重或构造应力作用下烃类（或泥质）使岩石发生胀裂形成的一种锯齿状裂缝,是烃类（或泥质）开辟的排烃通道,压溶作用对缝合线的贡献还有待研究。与碳酸盐岩相比,泥岩不发育缝合线,主要在于泥岩优势孔隙半径较大,烃类可以通过微孔以渗透方式向外排放,不需要形成缝合线。通过缝合线形成机理探讨,查明了碳酸盐岩与泥岩排烃方式的区别,进而对碳酸盐岩与泥岩封盖性进行对比。 相似文献
4.
束鹿凹陷碳酸盐角砾岩的成因研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
碳酸盐角砾岩一般为内源或构造等成因,陆相沉积环境极难形成。研究发现束鹿凹陷古近系角砾岩为陆相成因。束鹿凹陷角砾岩分布于沙河街组三段中下部,在凹陷的东西斜坡地带呈裙状发育,是一种以碳酸盐岩碎屑为主的沉积岩。岩石类型为角砾岩及少量含砾泥灰岩,角砾岩具有以颗粒支撑为主,块状构造、粒序构造或其它层理构造不明显,角砾大小混杂,没有出现方向的优选,砾岩层单层厚度较大等特点;含砾泥灰岩为杂基支撑,具正粒序构造,并可见倒三角形状角砾。碳酸盐角砾岩中无论角砾还是填隙物都主要由棱角状及次棱角状碳酸盐碎屑颗粒构成,其母岩为盆地周围奥陶系及寒武系碳酸盐岩。研究认为束鹿凹陷沿缓坡分布的角砾岩属陆源非粘性碎屑流沉积产物。 相似文献
5.
湖北大冶铁山地区缝合线三维形态模拟及其成因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
广泛发育于碳酸盐岩中的缝合线构造可以用来分析构造应力方位、计算岩层的有限应变和恢复原始地层厚度;同时,缝合线可以是石油、天然气和地下水的储积场所和运移通道。湖北大冶铁山地区发育有大量的缝合线构造。通过影像云纹法和GIS技术恢复了采自该地区的数枚缝合线标本的三维数字形态。利用该模型对缝合线的尺度、坡角、粗糙度、谷底点分布、二维剖面形态和压溶量等进行了定量分析,完善了缝合线的几何形态学研究并在此基础上对其成因进行了解释,认为铁山地区的缝合线主要由成岩压实作用和压溶作用形成,缝合线在从初始到各种复杂形态的发展过程中主要受两个因素控制：一是岩石的力学性质;二是由主压应力引起的局部应力集中而产生的溶解释放。
相似文献
6.
7.
<正> 陕南早中三叠世地层中广泛分布着一套与碳酸盐岩-蒸发岩有关的非原生沉积的“角砾岩”,由于它们直接或间接地与盐溶作用有关,故常称之为“膏溶角砾岩”或“盐溶角砾岩”或“岩溶角砾岩”等。关于其地质特征及成因,我们通过对陕南下中三叠统中分布的“膏溶角砾岩”的研究,得出以下几点认识:1.“膏溶角砾岩”的地质特征、成因及其找矿指示意义等各有不同,不能一概称之为“膏溶角砾岩”。因此,我们将其划分为:膏溶残余角砾状碳酸盐岩;坍塌角砾状碳酸盐岩及喀斯特角砾状碳酸盐岩。 相似文献
8.
缝合线构造是古代碳酸盐岩中常见的一种沉积构造现象,属原生微构造类型。它在剖面中一般呈锯齿状曲线,状如动物头盖骨中的接合缝,平面上呈一个起伏不平的面。通常认为缝合线为压溶作用所形成,即在上覆岩层的静压力下,碳酸盐岩层产生不均匀的溶解而成。它的形成与岩石的成分、结构和环境有关。根据本区缝合线的发育特征,可将缝合线分为原生和次生两种成因类型:(1)原生 相似文献
9.
安徽沿江地区中三叠统角砾岩极其发育,岩性、形态、岩石组合类型多样,但成因尚无定论,多被解释为膏溶角砾岩。通过对多地若干条剖面调查,发现用简单的膏溶角砾岩来解释这套复杂的砾岩有所不妥。根据岩石特征及组合辨识出5类不同成因机制的角砾岩:滨岸缓坡砾屑岩、膏溶角砾岩、岩溶角砾岩、冲积扇砾岩和构造角砾岩。滨岸缓坡砾屑岩和冲积扇砾岩均发育于同生期,前者与所处的滨岸缓坡位置密切相关;后者与构造隆升区的各类岩石受物理和化学风化作用有关,在突发性事件的诱导下,母岩剥离而形成的沉积物随雨水坡面流冲刷、搬运作用由山顶和斜坡向山谷快递移动,快速沉积形成,代表了印支运动早幕活动的加强期,指示了印支运动早幕是以抬升运动为主、褶皱运动为辅。膏溶角砾岩、岩溶角砾岩与印支运动早幕无明显的关联性,可能与印支运动晚幕—燕山运动的构造活动及淡水淋浴作用的结果。前者砾石成分相对单一,发育于干旱蒸发的高水位体系域内,可能为原先含膏白云岩、白云岩与石膏互层,后由于构造抬升,石膏层受到淡水的作用溶蚀,造成了岩层空疏—垮塌,在原地堆积形成;后者砾石成分较为复杂,其形成与构造存在着较为密切的关系,前期的构造破碎为后期渗流水和潜流水提供了岩溶作用空间。构造角砾岩应为构造活动的产物,应与印支运动早幕无关,而为北西、北东向张性断裂破坏的结果,其成因可能与印支运动晚幕或燕山运动有较为密切的关系。 相似文献
10.
11.
笔者采用Ar-Ar测年技术,获得华阳川铀多金属矿床碳酸岩中黑云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar坪年龄132.58±0.70 Ma,等时线年龄133.01±0.74 Ma,含黑云母闪石硫化物伟晶岩中黑云母的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar坪年龄93.72±2.38 Ma,等时线年龄91.49±1.97 Ma。镜下特征显示,铌钛铀矿的形成晚于碳酸岩中的黑云母及含黑云母闪石硫化物伟晶岩中的黑云母。因此,铌钛铀矿的形成时间应晚于93.72±2.38 Ma。这表明成矿带内除了已知存在三叠纪碳酸岩型Mo-Pb矿和白垩纪斑岩型Mo矿的成矿过程之外,还存在早白垩世之后的岩浆热液型U-Nb-Ti成矿过程。 相似文献
12.
阿其图乌拉凹陷为二连盆地隆起带上众多的含铀山间盆地之一。本文首次在现有钻探资料的基础上,结合区域地质特征,对阿其图乌拉凹陷赛汉组的铀成矿环境进行了详细分析,并综合铀储层、后生蚀变和铀源等因素对铀成矿前景进行了预测。研究认为,研究区目的层具有来自北部苏尼特隆起的丰富铀源,且铀源近。赛汉组上段和下段均具有完整的利于成矿的"泥-砂-泥"结构,发育大型呈泛连通的辫状砂体,发育潜水-层间氧化带,且控制矿体的产出等。赛汉组上段及下段均具有非常有利的铀成矿环境。远景区处于辫状河三角洲砂带中部的氧化-还原过渡带及灰色残留体上,资源潜力较大。 相似文献
13.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(5):1581-1592
The newly-discovered supergiant Huayangchuan uranium(U)-polymetallic(Sr,Se,REEs,Ba,Nb and Pb) deposit is located in the Qinling Orogen,central China.The deposit underwent multistage mineralization,with the main carbonatite ore stage being the most important for the U,Nb,REE,Sr and Ba endowments.According to the mineral assemblages,the main carbonatite ore stage can be divided into three substages,i.e.,sulfate(Ba-Sr),alkali-rich U and REE-U mineralization.Main-stage titanite from the Huayangchuan igneous carbonatite are rich in high field strength elements(HFSEs,e.g.,Zr,Nb and REEs),and show clear elemental substitutions(e.g.,Ti vs.Nb+Fe+Al and Ca+Ti vs.Fe+Al+REE).High-precision LA-ICP-MS titanite dating yielded a U-Pb age of 209.0 ± 2.9 Ma,which represents the mainstage mineralization age at Huayangchuan,and is coeval with the local carbonatite dyke intrusion.This mineralization age is further constrained by the Re-Os dating of molybdenite from the Huayangchuan carbonatite,which yielded a weighted mean age of 196.8 ± 2.4 Ma.Molybdenite Re contents(337.55-392.75 ppm) and C-OSr-Nd-Pb isotopic evidence of the Huayangchuan carbonatite both suggest a mantle origin for the carbonatite.Our study supports that the Late Triassic carbonatite magmatism was responsible for the world-class U-Mo-REE mineralization in the Qinling Orogen,and that the regional magmatism and ore formation was likely caused by the closure of the Mianlue ocean and the subsequent North China-South China continent-continent collision. 相似文献
14.
爱沙尼亚干酪根催化降解生烃过程及动力学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以爱沙尼亚油页岩干酪根为对象,利用热模拟实验方法和化工催化原理,考察了不同介质对干酪根热解生烃过程的影响,从热解生烃量、生烃组成特征及生烃动力学等方面进行了探讨。结果表明:膏岩对干酪根的生烃具有明显催化作用,碳酸盐岩对干酪根的生烃具有一定反催化作用,各种盐类对干酪根的生烃量影响较小。干酪根热解动力学研究表明,生烃动力学参数表观活化能E与视频率因子A两者之间不是独立变化的,而是具有一定的关系,即:E与lnA之间服从直线关系(R=0.99),这些认识对于深入探讨爱沙尼亚油页岩干酪根的化学结构、建立热解动力学模型具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
15.
介绍了近年来国外在研究压溶作用导致的变形岩石体积损失和变形过程中流体作用的主要成果。包括如下几方面：运用有限应变测量方法对压溶变形作用进行定量分析；不同变形域之间化学成分的分异，以及流体传质作用（ｍａｓｓｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔ）的规律；流体－岩石相互反应的显微构造、显微化学判据；运用稳定同位素体系研究流体、岩石反应的同位素平衡关系及变形变质过程中的水／岩比率。 相似文献
16.
The Purulia carbonatite, ‘carbonatite’-‘alkali-pyroxenite’-‘apatite-magnetite rock’ association, is located at Beldih area of Purulia district, West Bengal and falls within the 100 km long Northern Shear Zone (NSZ). Published literature suggests that the Purulia carbonatite was formed by the process of liquid immiscibility from under-saturated silicate parent magma. However, no silica under-saturated rocks like ijolite, nepheline-syenite etc. is known from the area. The trace element geochemistry (Ba/La, Nb/Th, Nb/Pb and Y/Ce ratios in the present study) also does not support this view. Present study indicates that the Purulia carbonatite is enriched in ΣREE and incompatible elements but the carbonatite is also poorer in Nb, Th and Pb compared to the world average of calicocarbonatites. The lower value of Nb is characteristics of carbo(hydro)thermal carbonatite where carbonatite is associated with alkali-pyroxenite and suggests probable origin of the carbonatite as carbothermal residua evolved from an unknown parentage. However, the field, petrographic and geochemical data indicate the genesis of this carbonatite from a primary carbonatitic magma of mantle decent. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the carbonatite and apatite separated from the carbonatite (～0.703) implies primary magmatic derivation of the Purulia carbonatite. Close similarity of the apatite of the apatite-magnetite rock with the mantle apatite (of type Apatite B) indicates that they are also of primary magmatic origin. The present work portrays a unique example where primary magmatic carbonatite is associated with the alkali-pyroxenite. 相似文献
17.
Vein arrays, hydraulic fractures and pressure-solution structures in a deformed flysch sequence S.W. England 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Alastair Beach 《Tectonophysics》1977,40(3-4):201-225
Vein arrays and pressure-solution cleavages are common in the sandstone units of the deformed flysch. Both structures were established prior to the folding of the sediments, and they continued to evolve during this folding. Tensile fractures and conjugate sets of shear fractures (of wrench fault type) were formed. En-echelon arrays of veins are closely associated with the formation of these principal veins. The geometry and relations of the veins are described in detail and their relation to the principal stresses at the time of formation is discussed.
Forking at vein terminations, branch fractures and offset structures in veins are described. The analogies between these and structures produced in rock deformation experiments and found in magmatic dykes are discussed. The branch fracture provides a record of the orientation of the maximum principal stress at the time of its formation.
The veins are infilled with quartz and siderite displaying drusy growth fabrics, indicating that crystal growth occurred into a fluid-filled cavity. It is suggested that the veins originated as hydraulic fractures in a flysch sequence that had developed high pore-fluid pressures during sedimentation. The material in the veins was derived by pressure-solution activity in the sandstone units, which produced a spaced pressure-solution cleavage throughout the region. The relations between veins and pressure-solution cleavages are described. Both small- and large-scale solution transfer of material was involved. 相似文献
18.
The Purulia carbonatite, ‘carbonatite’-‘alkali-pyroxenite’-‘apatite-magnetite rock’ association, is located at Beldih area
of Purulia district, West Bengal and falls within the 100 km long Northern Shear Zone (NSZ). Published literature suggests
that the Purulia carbonatite was formed by the process of liquid immiscibility from under-saturated silicate parent magma.
However, no silica under-saturated rocks like ijolite, nepheline-syenite etc. is known from the area. The trace element geochemistry
(Ba/La, Nb/Th, Nb/Pb and Y/Ce ratios in the present study) also does not support this view. Present study indicates that the
Purulia carbonatite is enriched in ΣREE and incompatible elements but the carbonatite is also poorer in Nb, Th and Pb compared
to the world average of calicocarbonatites. The lower value of Nb is characteristics of carbo(hydro)thermal carbonatite where
carbonatite is associated with alkali-pyroxenite and suggests probable origin of the carbonatite as carbothermal residua evolved
from an unknown parentage. However, the field, petrographic and geochemical data indicate the genesis of this carbonatite
from a primary carbonatitic magma of mantle decent. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the carbonatite and apatite separated from the carbonatite (∼0.703) implies primary magmatic derivation of the
Purulia carbonatite. Close similarity of the apatite of the apatite-magnetite rock with the mantle apatite (of type Apatite
B) indicates that they are also of primary magmatic origin. The present work portrays a unique example where primary magmatic
carbonatite is associated with the alkali-pyroxenite. 相似文献
19.
华阳川铀多金属矿床碳酸岩脉矿化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
华阳川铀多金属矿床是小秦岭成矿带中成矿特征最为独特的矿床,其碳酸岩脉破碎带是重要的成矿空间。区内碳酸岩分布很广泛,沿NW向张性和张扭性断裂及其伴生的次级裂隙充填,呈单脉状和网脉状穿插于变质岩、伟晶岩中。矿化碳酸岩脉中,脉石矿物大部分为方解石,少量为角闪石、石英、磁铁矿、碱性长石等;矿石矿物为铌钛铀矿、独居石、褐帘石、重晶石、天青石。铌钛铀矿是最主要的赋铀矿物,矿化元素铀、铌、钡、锶、稀土等平均含量分别为2554.20×10-6、1836.80×10-6、4145.78×10-6、4412.80×10-6、7348.44×10-6,可以综合开发利用。 相似文献
20.
Purnajit Bhattacharjee Sukanta Goswami Sangeeta Bhagat M B Verma 《Journal of Earth System Science》2018,127(8):114
The Cuddapah basin consists of generally well-preserved Palaeoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic sedimentary and associated volcanic rocks. The detailed lithological studies of sedimentary rocks of Vempalle Formation from the narrow linear belt of 15 km, in the southern margin, show the occurrence of layered gypsum in the cherty dolostone–shale intercalated facies, red shale and phosphatic dolostone facies of the Vempalle Formation. The petromineralogical studies reveal that gypsum is in close association with anhydrites. Microscopically, three different types of gypsum and anhydrite are identified, viz., lath-shaped, equant-shaped and anhedral-shaped grains. The equant variety corresponds to a granular gypsum, whereas the anhedral grains of gypsum exist as the granular and fibrous variety as seen in the hand specimen. The presence of gypsum/anhydrite has been confirmed by the petromineralogical, X-ray diffraction and chemical analytical data. The phosphatic dolostone is the host rock for stratabound type of uranium deposit at Tummalapalle, Cuddapah district, Andhra Pradesh, which is one of the most unique types of uranium mineralisation in the world. Abundant pseudomorphs of gypsum and anhydrite relicts and discontinuous gypsum layers within these dolostones, nodules of chert and gypsum indicate the interrelationship between the diagenesis and genesis of uranium mineralisation which indicates the carbonate precipitation in the sulphate-rich hypersaline environments. 相似文献