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1.
随着经济社会的快速发展和进步,我国湖库水体富营养化情况越来越严重.卫星遥感在水体营养状态监测方面具有重要潜力,但基于卫星遥感的全国范围内湖库水体营养状态监测和分析方面还鲜有研究.本文基于2018夏季的MODIS卫星遥感数据生产FUI指数产品,构建基于FUI水色指数的湖库营养状态评价方法,监测全国范围内144个重点湖库水体的营养状态等级.结果表明：贫营养、中营养、富营养的湖库比例分别为16%、24%、60%;营养状态在空间上分布不均匀,总体上呈现东高西低的现象;东北山地与平原和东部平原湖区以富营养状态水体为主;西部湖库水体以贫到中营养状态为主,尤其是青藏高原湖区贫营养比例比较高;海拔和地表温度等自然因素与工业点源和农业面源污染等人为因素是湖库营养状态的重要影响因素. 相似文献
2.
Methods of evaluating the trophic status of water bodies based on nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing compounds are analyzed. It is suggested that the trophic status of water bodies be evaluated using the total average annual concentrations of mineral and labile organic forms of phosphorus or nitrogen. It is emphasized that additional account of regeneration potential of these elements does not modify the trophic status of the Rybinsk Reservoir--it remains mesotrophic. 相似文献
3.
P. A. Lozovik 《Water Resources》2013,40(6):631-639
A classification of surface waters of humid zone by its humus content, alkalinity, and trophic status has been developed basing on the acid-base equilibrium of those waters, governed by two systems: humus and carbonate, which enabled the geochemical classes of water to be established more objectively than by expert systems. An integrated estimate of natural water quality is given with the use of quality points by individual characteristics. For water bodies subject to anthropogenic impact, the degree of their pollution is given in accordance with water pollution index, which is calculated by the main standardized components, taking into account their geochemical background level and the values of MAC for water bodies used for fishery. 相似文献
4.
Effects of nutrient availability and temperature on phytoplankton development: a case study from large lakes south of the Alps 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nico Salmaso Fabio Buzzi Letizia Garibaldi Giuseppe Morabito Marco Simona 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2012,74(3):555-570
This work investigated the combined effects of nutrient availability and temperature on phytoplankton in large and deep lakes south of the Alps (lakes Garda, Iseo, Como, Lugano and Maggiore). The more eutrophic basins (Lugano and Iseo) showed a higher presence of cyanobacteria, green algae (Chlorophyta and Charophyta) and dinoflagellates (Dinophyta). Besides these two water bodies, high biomasses of cyanobacteria were recorded also in the oligo-mesotrophic Lake Garda. The development of these algal groups during the growing season showed a strong dependence on the surface spring availability of SRP, which, in turn, was related to winter climatic oscillations, deep mixing dynamics, and trophic status. A specific analysis carried out by applying additive mixed modelling, generalized least squares and mixed modelling, allowed investigation of the direct, seasonal effects of water temperature variations and trophic status on different algal groups. The dominant cyanobacteria (Oscillatoriales) showed only a partial relationship with temperature, while Nostocales and Chroococcales, which did not appear to have a close relationship with the trophic status of the lakes, were characterised by abrupt increases during the warmer months. High positive relationships with temperature were found for a few other algal groups (e.g., Chlorophyta, Charophyta and Dinophyta). Overall, the results indicated a positive relationship between the seasonal development of the more abundant and eutrophic-sensitive algal groups and the concurrent effect of trophic status and water temperature. Nevertheless, it was stressed that specific differences could be interpreted taking into account the different autoecological characteristics and susceptibilities of different species and functional groups to other stressing factors favouring losses, including, e.g., vertical sinking and grazing. 相似文献
5.
Toxicity and Accumulation of Al in the Acid Water of Small Lakes and Watercourses in Finnish Lapland
On the basis of a study of the hydrochemical regime and the status of benthic acidophobic species in the acidified watercourses and small lakes of Finnish Lapland, humic compounds are demonstrated to be the principal factors controlling both pH and the proportions of different forms of Al in water. It is found that the concentration of labile aluminum, i.e., that form of aluminum which is most toxic for aquatic organisms, increases only in acid water (pH 4.8–6.5) with a low and extremely low humic content of water (with a color of 5–60 mg Pt/l). Humic and other organic substances that fix Al in an inert or another stable form are demonstrated to be able to decrease the toxic properties of aluminum for acidophobic species and the capacity of aluminum to be accumulated in the bodies of aquatic organisms. Aluminum is shown to have no tendency to an increased rate of accumulation in the bodies of aquatic organisms that form the highest trophic level of secondary predators. 相似文献
6.
湖泊富营养化已经成为水资源领域的研究焦点,是水环境领域面临的长期严峻挑战.为探明干旱半干旱区域湖泊营养状态,以典型岱海水体为例,利用2019—2020年6次野外实测数据为基础,针对Sentinel_2A和Landsat_8 OLI遥感数据,基于营养状态指数TSISDD与色度角之间的相关关系,建立了岱海水体营养状态评估模型,并利用1986—2020年遥感影像数据,得到了长时间序列的水体营养状态.结果表明:(1)本文建立的营养状态评估模型,根据精度检验结果显示模型精度较好,决定系数(R2)为0.74,均方根误差(RMSE)为3.66,平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)为4.84%.(2)将算法应用到时间序列MSI、TM、ETM+和OLI数据,得到了岱海水体1986—2020年的营养状态动态特征.结果表明,岱海水体面积逐年减少,且多数时间处在轻度富营养化状态.水体富营养化现象大体上从边缘逐渐向湖中心趋于缓和,离岸边越近富营养化现象越严重,通常趋向湖中心以中营养为主,整体上贫营养化现象极少.(3)岱海营养状态时空变化与气温、风速和降水量等气候因子的相关性并不显著,对其解释率为13%.气候因子对营养状态的月变化影响显著,对其解释率为93%. 相似文献
7.
Hasan Saravi Nasrollahzadeh Zubir Bin Din Swee Yeok Foong Asieh Makhlough 《Continental Shelf Research》2008
The present study attempted to test the applicability of the trophic index (TRIX) for assessing trophic status along the Iranian coast of the Caspian Sea (CS). In order to increase the sensitivity of the TRIX for this area, we defined the range (lower and upper limits) from data collected between 1994 and 2005 which have been used as a reference. Several biological and chemical water quality parameters were determined and compared with the TRIX in order to describe the water quality status of the area. Comparisons were also made on two temporarily and spatially varied trophic status at the study site. Sampling was carried out at 36 stations during Phase I (1996–1997: before the introduction of an alien species Mnemiopsis leidyi, as a background data) while 24 stations were sampled during Phase II in 2005 (after the introduction of the alien species). A Parallel Study (as supplementary data) from 16 smaller scale sampling at shallower sites was also included in the discussion (1994–2005 on 18 transects). The results show that nutrient concentration (DIN, DIP compounds), oxygen (as absolute %) deviation from saturation (aD%O), chlorophyll a and also the Caspian Sea Trophic Index (TRIXCS) increase significantly after the introduction of an alien species (p<0.01). During Phase I and the Parallel Study, the phytoplankton community was dominated (based on important species index) by Thalassionema nitzschioides, Skeletonema costatum (Chrysophyta) year round but during Phase II, Spirulina laxissma (Cyanophyta) dominated annually and in autumn, coinciding with the minimum Shannon–Weaver diversity and Evenness indices recorded. Several trophic status indices and indicators were applied and an overall analysis suggested that the area has low trophic level during Phase I and high trophic level during Phase II. During the Parallel Study, low trophic level was recorded during the pre-invasion period and high trophic level for the post-invasion period. 相似文献
8.
《Acta Geochimica》2021,(4)
Currently,lakes and artificial reservoirs are increasingly threatened by eutrophication,which is the result of the combined action of many natural and anthropogenic factors.In the past,the effect of nutrient load on the trophic state of water bodies has attracted much attention,while few studies have addressed the effect of hydrological characteristics.Therefore,to reveal the coupling effects of hydrological characteristics and nutrient load in sediments on the trophic state of water bodies,this study collected relevant data from 36 lakes and reservoirs across China.Pearson correlation analysis showed that trophic level index was positively and significantly correlated with nutrient load in sediments and hydraulic retention time,while it was negatively correlated with mean depth and hydraulic load.The principal component analysis showed that the nutrient load was the first major component that influenced the trophic state of water bodies,followed by the mean depth and hydraulic retention time.Eutrophication was prone to occur in water bodies with mean depth less than 7 m and hydraulic retention time greater than 14 d,and the trophic level index regression equation with hydrological characteristics and nutrient load in sediments was derived by multiple regression analysis.This study revealed that the trophic state of water bodies influenced by both nutrient load and hydrological characteristics.It provides a new idea to reduce the occurrence of eutrophication in reservoirs by using the artificial hydrological regulation capacity of reservoirs. 相似文献
9.
The roles of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) as key nutrients determining the trophic status of water bodies are examined, and evidence reviewed for trends in concentrations of N and P species which occur in freshwaters, primarily in northern temperate environments. Data are reported for water bodies undergoing eutrophication and acidification, especially water bodies receiving increased nitrogen inputs through the atmospheric deposition of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Nutrient loading on groundwaters and surface freshwaters is assessed with respect to causes and rates of change, relative rates of change for N and P, and implications of change for the future management of lakes, rivers and groundwaters. In particular, the nature and emphasis of studies for N species and P fractions in lakes versus rivers and groundwaters are contrasted. This review paper primarily focuses on results from North America and Europe, particularly for the UK where a wide range of data sets exists. Few nutrient loading data have been published on water bodies in less developed countries; however, some of the available data are presented to provide a global perspective. In general, N and P concentrations have increased dramatically (>20 times background concentrations) in many areas and causes vary considerably, ranging from urbanization to changes in agricultural practices. 相似文献
10.
Data on water bodies with different trophic status in the Upper Volga basin are used to analyze the relationship between the algological and pigment characteristics of blue-green alga development. The examined relationships for the phytoplankton of highly eutrophic Lake Nero are shown to feature higher correlation coefficients as compared with meso- and mesoeutrophic reservoirs. 相似文献
11.
The problem of eutrophication of the surface water in the Arctic Regions is discussed. The natural hydrochemical indices of the trophic status of lakes are analyzed in connection with the landscape and physiographic features of the Kola Peninsula. The regular features of changes in the hydrochemical indices of the trophic status of lakes and the development of the process of eutrophication are analyzed in the case of subarctic Lake Imandra, which has been polluted with municipal and industrial (phosphorus-containing waste of the apatite production) wastewater for more than fifty years. Criteria are proposed for establishing and assessing water eutrophication in cold climate. 相似文献
12.
Submerged macrophyte vegetation has been mapped in four calcareous groundwater-fed streams in Bavaria (southern Germany) in order to compare and assess two different methods of river bioindication. The first one, the trophic index of macrophytes (TIM), is a tool to assess the trophic status of running waters. In contrast, the reference index (RI) is an ecological index which evaluates the difference between a reference community and the actual submerged vegetation, depending on the river type, as required by the Water Framework Directive. Water nutrient concentrations were measured once at selected sites in all water courses.The TIM reflects water phosphorus concentrations, accounting also for nutrients enrichment in the sediment, and is not influenced by shading, depth, substrate and flow velocity of the water course. The TIM is very sensitive to small variations in P concentration when the P level is low, while the index tends to a maximum as soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and total phosphorus (Ptot) exceed a certain value.The RI indicates river ecological status which is not only influenced by trophic status but by every factor leading to a deviation of the actual macrophyte community from the reference community. In the investigated rivers the RI indicated reduced flow velocity caused by milldams and shading by riparian vegetation, in addition to trophic status.In rivers that are at the boundary between two different river types, classification of river type can play a crucial role for river status assessment. Incorrect classification of river type can lead to both, a “too good” and “too bad” assessment. 相似文献
13.
B. V. Adamovich T. V. Zhukova T. M. Mikheeva R. Z. Kovalevskaya E. V. Luk’yanova 《Water Resources》2016,43(5):809-817
Variations of the trophic status of lakes Batorino, Myastro, and Naroch were analyzed over a long period of 1978–2013. The lakes form a system of interconnected water bodies with a wide range of trophic states. In the period under consideration, the trophic conditions in the lakes varied from highly eutrophic (Lake Batorino) to oligotrophic (Lake Naroch), making it possible to analyze the long-term changes in the trophic state of the lakes with the use of different variants of evaluating the Carlson index (trophic state index, TSI), to assess the relationship between the three versions of the index with one another, with phytoplankton biomass, and with hydroecological characteristics, such as the concentrations of total N, seston, and organic matter and biochemical oxygen demand. The possibility to evaluate the index by other characteristics, including phytoplankton biomass, was also considered. 相似文献
14.
Pettine M Casentini B Fazi S Giovanardi F Pagnotta R 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(9):1413-1426
The trophic status classification of coastal waters at the European scale requires the availability of harmonised indicators and procedures. The composite trophic status index (TRIX) provides useful metrics for the assessment of the trophic status of coastal waters. It was originally developed for Italian coastal waters and then applied in many European seas (Adriatic, Tyrrhenian, Baltic, Black and Northern seas). The TRIX index does not fulfil the classification procedure suggested by the WFD for two reasons: (a) it is based on an absolute trophic scale without any normalization to type-specific reference conditions; (b) it makes an ex ante aggregation of biological (Chl-a) and physico-chemical (oxygen, nutrients) quality elements, instead of an ex post integration of separate evaluations of biological and subsequent chemical quality elements. A revisitation of the TRIX index in the light of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC) and new TRIX derived tools are presented in this paper. A number of Italian coastal sites were grouped into different types based on a thorough analysis of their hydro-morphological conditions, and type-specific reference sites were selected. Unscaled TRIX values (UNTRIX) for reference and impacted sites have been calculated and two alternative UNTRIX-based classification procedures are discussed. The proposed procedures, to be validated on a broader scale, provide users with simple tools that give an integrated view of nutrient enrichment and its effects on algal biomass (Chl-a) and on oxygen levels. This trophic evaluation along with phytoplankton indicator species and algal blooms contribute to the comprehensive assessment of phytoplankton, one of the biological quality elements in coastal waters. 相似文献
15.
《Limnologica》2016
The Ponto–Caspian amphipod Pontogammarus robustoides was introduced into Lithuanian inland waters more than 50 years ago and is now among the most successful local crustacean invaders. Existing as an oxyphilic species in its native range, in Lithuania it managed to establish in some lentic eutrophic waters facing long-term hypoxic conditions under winter ice cover, or shorter periods of hypoxia during the warm season. Recently, it has been observed to be further expanding in such waters. The aim of this study was to explore the possible divergence in anaerobic metabolism among introduced populations facing different selective pressures. A closed-bottle experiment was conducted using individuals from three Lithuanian lentic water bodies of different trophic status: mesotrophic, eutrophic and hypertrophic. Severe hypoxia was gradually reached, after which lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher in amphipods from eutrophic and hypertrophic, than from mesotrophic environments, and was well correlated with trophic status of inhabited environments as assessed by chlorophyll a concentration. These findings suggest a physiological acclimation response to oxygen deficiency faced by the species in some environments in the northern invaded range, which may have a genetic background. Such resistance to oxygen deficiency may expand the environmental niche and promote species’ spread into previously unsuitable habitats, which may pose a threat to native species residing in refuges that are currently free of the invader. 相似文献
16.
It is shown that large-size zooplankton can be used as a natural filter in flow-through plants for reducing the trophic status of water bodies and improve water transparency. Experiments in Chistye Prudy pond in the period of blue-green algae blooming show large-size zooplankton to reduce phytoplankton biomass in the pond throughout the period of phytoplankton growth. Daphnia magna specimens (with a biomass of 92 to 3450 mg/l) in lothic ecosystems are found to reduce the biomass of dominating Anabaena spirodes blue-green algae when this biomass attains its maximum. 相似文献
17.
18.
Assessing the impact of nutrient enrichment in estuaries: susceptibility to eutrophication 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Painting SJ Devlin MJ Malcolm SJ Parker ER Mills DK Mills C Tett P Wither A Burt J Jones R Winpenny K 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,55(1-6):74-90
The main aim of this study was to develop a generic tool for assessing risks and impacts of nutrient enrichment in estuaries. A simple model was developed to predict the magnitude of primary production by phytoplankton in different estuaries from nutrient input (total available nitrogen and/or phosphorus) and to determine likely trophic status. In the model, primary production is strongly influenced by water residence times and relative light regimes. The model indicates that estuaries with low and moderate light levels are the least likely to show a biological response to nutrient inputs. Estuaries with a good light regime are likely to be sensitive to nutrient enrichment, and to show similar responses, mediated only by site-specific geomorphological features. Nixon's scale was used to describe the relative trophic status of estuaries, and to set nutrient and chlorophyll thresholds for assessing trophic status. Estuaries identified as being eutrophic may not show any signs of eutrophication. Additional attributes need to be considered to assess negative impacts. Here, likely detriment to the oxygen regime was considered, but is most applicable to areas of restricted exchange. Factors which limit phytoplankton growth under high nutrient conditions (water residence times and/or light availability) may favour the growth of other primary producers, such as macrophytes, which may have a negative impact on other biological communities. The assessment tool was developed for estuaries in England and Wales, based on a simple 3-category typology determined by geomorphology and relative light levels. Nixon's scale needs to be validated for estuaries in England and Wales, once more data are available on light levels and primary production. 相似文献
19.
Andreev V. P. Zhakovshchikova T. K. Ryabova V. N. Sorokoletova E. F. Sharygin A. A. 《Water Resources》2003,30(4):427-433
The results of studying the concentration of chlorophyll in the water suspension (analysis of biomass, number, and species composition of phyto- and zooplankton) are used to estimate the trophic characteristics and saprobity of water bodies and streams of the Noril'sko-Pyasinskaya System. It has been found that during the period of the most intense operation of the Noril'sk Mining and Metallurgical Plant, the minimum values of plankton number and biomass become typical of the southern part of Pyasino Lake. The state of biota during extraordinary late spring flood and especially cold trans-polar summer has been studied. 相似文献
20.
Ash Kumar Rai 《湖泊科学》1998,10(S1):181-201
Harnessing the natural resources is one of the basis of natural economy in developing countries. The wise use of such resources is very important to sustain the balance between immediate benefits and maintenance of the ecosystem. In Phewa, Begnas and Rupa lakes of Pokhara Valley, plankton feeding fish farming in net cage,enclosure and open water stocking is one of the effective example of natural resources utilisation which sustains a number of households in surrounding lakes for economic activities. These lakes are also used for drinking water, hydroelectricity, irrigation and recreation etc. However, the understanding of trophic status of the lakes is very important for long term sustainable use of the lakes in harmony with human activities. Here, we present the trophic status of three lakes of Pokhara Valley and discuss the impacts of human and natural activities on the trophic status of the lake. The study shows that heavy rain fall in the valley during monsoon is one of the strongest natural forces which flush out the accumulated nutrients from the lakes and migrate the eutrophication processes. Recommendations for sustainable use of lake water have also been discussed. 相似文献