共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
锚拉桩应用于水库库岸滑坡治理的关键问题探讨 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
锚拉桩是一种有效的治理滑坡的支挡结构,已广泛用于三峡库区库岸滑坡治理中。分析了锚拉桩应用于水库库岸滑坡治理工程中存在的关键问题。由于水库库岸滑坡作用在锚拉桩上的滑坡推力的变化,应考虑施加在锚索上的预应力 锚索与桩的协调变形,在不改变锚索预应力的情况下,增大锚索变形产生的水平拉力,将减少作用在锚索上的总拉力。通过一算例,分析了过大的预应力作用在锚拉桩上使锚拉桩处于不利工作状态。并分析了锚索上受到的竖向附加荷载,这将恶化锚索的受力,同时,锚拉桩在水位变动带存在三种预应力损失。 相似文献
2.
Soil anchors are commonly used as foundation systems for structures requiring uplift resistance such as transmission towers, or for structures requiring lateral resistance, such as sheet pile walls. Anchors commonly have more than one plate or bearing element and therefore there is a complex interaction between adjacent plates due to overlapping stress zones. This interaction will affect the failure mode and ultimate capacity. However, no thorough numerical analyses have been performed to determine the ultimate pullout loads of multi-plate anchors. By far the majority of the research has been directed toward the tensile uplift behaviour of single anchors (only one plate). The primary aim of this research paper is to use numerical modelling techniques to better understand plane strain multi-plate anchor foundation behaviour in clay soils. A practical design framework for multi-plate anchor foundations will be established to replace existing semi-empirical design methods that are inadequate and have been found to be excessively under or over conservative. This framework can then be used by design engineers to more confidently estimate the pullout capacity of multi-plate anchors under tension loading. 相似文献
3.
4.
变刚度优化设计对于复杂环境中的大规模桩筏基础始终是一个重要难题。基于有限元分析提出一种两阶段优化设计方法,该方法首先根据传统均匀布桩方案的桩顶应力分布对群桩进行分区,然后依据每个子区域桩顶应力之间的关系确定基桩数量调整系数,最后通过调整桩间距来改变各子区域的基桩数量,从而实现变刚度优化设计。运用该方法对多层土体中承担非均匀上部结构荷载的大规模桩筏基础进行变刚度优化设计,计算结果表明优化设计后筏板的差异沉降、平均整体弯矩和群桩顶部的差异应力均显著降低。该方法计算简单,应用范围广,且不受复杂土层条件、非均匀上部结构荷载以及桩基础规模大小形状的限制。 相似文献
5.
锚索桩的主动支护作用及桩身初始内力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
预应力锚索桩在桩身施工完毕且锚索施加了初始预应力时,因滑坡推力未及作用于桩上,初始预应力即刻对受荷段桩背的岩土体产生迎滑动方向反推的一种主动支护效应,同时使桩身产生初始内力。基于受荷段桩背岩土水平反力模数为常数的单向Winkler弹性地基梁模型,以及嵌入段桩周岩土水平反力双参数模式的Winkler弹性地基梁模型,以受荷段桩身挠曲线的有限差分式与嵌入段挠曲线的解析通解改进式在滑面处的协调条件联立,推导了锚索初始预应力所产生主动支护效果的半解析定量计算和桩身初始内力求解方法,该方法有助于建立应急抢险或施工期,锚索桩工程对滑坡稳定性及时作用的评估。 相似文献
6.
抗滑桩在边坡工程中的研究进展及应用 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
抗滑桩作为加固滑坡体的一种有效措施,与其它抗滑工程如抗滑挡墙、锚杆等相比,其具有抗滑能力强、施工安全简便,并能进一步核实地质条件等突出优点。现已广泛应用于边坡工程中。文章回顾了抗滑桩在边坡工程中的研究进展及应用情况。主要内容包括:抗滑桩内力计算方法研究(如有限差分法、双参数法、改进的悬臂桩法、有限元法);抗滑桩工作机理研究(如桩-土共同作用研究、基于土拱效应的桩间距确定);对抗滑桩设计优化方法的研究进展、抗滑桩在相关工程中的应用情况。文章最后对抗滑桩应用于边坡工程时,可能的研究方向提出一些新的思考,期望对后续的研究工作起到一定的抛砖引玉作用。 相似文献
7.
Acta Geotechnica - Helical anchors are bearing elements that can resist uplift loads by a combination of shaft and helical plate bearing. The application of helical piles as offshore wind turbine... 相似文献
8.
用解析方法研究了管桩在轴向力和水平向力（倾斜力）联合作用下的受力及变形性状。在高层建筑、桥梁工程、海洋工程、新型海堤护岸等工程中桩基自由长度上作用土压力、风荷载、波浪荷载等荷载型式,基桩经常在竖向、水平向荷载同时作用下工作。国内外学者通过大量试验和理论研究得出了计算竖向、水平向荷载下基桩内力和挠度的半经验公式以及张氏法公式。为了分析竖向、水平向荷载同时作用下自由荷载的作用,在现行m法假设的基础上,从弹性桩的挠曲微分方程出发,导出了任意自由荷载作用下桩任意截面的水平变位、倾角、弯矩、剪力和地基反力计算表达式。桩的挠曲微分方程是分段函数,包括地上部分和地下部分桩,相应的内力和变位求解也分为两段。最后通过一个算例分析了桩顶竖向荷载、桩顶水平力和自由荷载对桩身的受力性状各参数的影响。计算结果表明, 桩顶水平力对桩身最大弯矩和桩顶水平变位的影响最大,而桩周内外摩阻力及桩身自重对桩身受力性状影响较小。 相似文献
9.
This study presents an analysis of the displacement interaction among general configurations of energy piles bearing on stiff soil strata that are subjected to thermal loads. This work integrates recent analyses investigating the displacement interaction among predominantly floating energy piles subjected to thermal loads in deep uniform soil deposits. To address this challenge, design charts for energy piles resting on either infinitely or finitely rigid soil strata are presented, applied and validated for the analysis of the vertical displacement of predominantly end-bearing energy pile groups subjected to thermal loads using the interaction factor method. 相似文献
10.
临江场地的地下水位受外江水位影响,具有长期水位较低、短期汛期水位极高的特点。临江场地内的地下结构,若仅采用抗拔桩或抗拔锚杆等常规被动抗浮措施进行抗浮,将抗浮设防水位取为地表高程显然是偏危险的,但按50年一遇和100年一遇水位采用常规被动抗浮措施进行抗浮设计又显然是不经济的,成本极高。基于此,提出抗浮范畴临江结构的定义及其“排水廊道+常规抗浮措施”的主被动联合抗浮的方法。根据临江承压圆湖公式,考虑越流效应,给出了临江排水廊道简化计算分析方法并进行了有限元验证。临江地下结构利用排水廊道进行防洪渡汛,保证汛期地下结构水荷载稳定,消除汛期高水压对结构产生的极端水荷载,而对于平时非汛期水位的作用则利用常规抗浮措施进行考虑。廊道只在汛期高水位时起防洪渡汛作用,排水减压不会引起环境影响问题,同时其耐久性也容易保证。最后介绍利用此方法进行抗浮的实际工程。 相似文献
11.
在桩承式加筋路堤设计计算及工程实践中,筋材的受力计算是具有争议且亟待解决的问题,然而,现有的研究很少关注桩承式加筋路堤中筋材应变的空间分布形式和三维模式下筋材的受力特征。采用自行研制的设备,以桩间距为变量,针对桩承式加筋路堤中筋材张力膜效应进行了物理模拟试验。试验中通过气压施加荷载,对筋材竖向变形和不同位置筋材应变进行观测。结果表明,张力膜效应下筋材应变和受力很不均匀。正方形布桩情形下,加筋材料的空间变形形态可采用空间抛物面与抛物柱面的组合来模拟。正方形布桩情形下假定筋材上所有荷载全部由相邻桩之间的4条筋带承担,得到的筋材受力计算值明显偏大。在模拟试验结果基础上,初步提出了考虑筋材三维空间变形的拉力计算方法。 相似文献
12.
In a piled raft, the length and arrangement of piles has a significant effect on the stresses and deflections of the raft. The use of piles with different dimensions and properties below a raft is an innovative concept and can optimize the design of a piled raft. In this study, an integral equation method with a fictitious pile model was adopted to analyze the piled raft foundation with dissimilar piles. The Fredholm integral equations of the second kind were obtained for this problem. The loads shared by piles and subsoil, the load transfer, and the settlement of the piled raft were obtained using numerical calculation. The results from the present method were compared with those in the literature. An optimization technique was introduced to design piled rafts with dissimilar piles. The stiffening effect of piles on the surrounding soil is also discussed as compared the conventional interaction factor approach. 相似文献
13.
A simplified method of numerical analysis has been developed to estimate the deformation and load distribution of piled raft foundations subjected to vertical, lateral, and moment loads, using a hybrid model in which the flexible raft is modelled as thin plates and the piles as elastic beams and the soil is treated as springs. Both the vertical and lateral resistances of the piles as well as the raft base are incorporated into the model. Pile–soil–pile, pile–soil–raft and raft–soil–raft interactions are taken into account based on Mindlin's solutions for both vertical and lateral forces. The validity of the proposed method is verified through comparisons with several existing methods for single piles, pile groups and piled rafts. Workable design charts are given for the estimation of the lateral displacement and the load distribution of piled rafts from the stiffnesses of the raft alone and the pile group alone. Additionally, parametric studies were carried out concerning batter pile foundations. It was found that the use of batter piles can efficiently improve the deformation characteristics of pile foundations subjected to lateral loads. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
锚杆挡土墙可靠度分析与计算方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
提出了锚杆挡墙中肋柱锚杆体系的串-并联模型。将肋柱视为连续梁,锚杆视为弹性支座,引入锚杆与锚固段周围岩土体的复合刚度系数,用位移法导出了各根锚杆所受荷载的统一计算公式。考虑各功能函数之间的相关性,运用系统可靠性理论,提出了单根锚杆3种破坏模式的串联系统与多根锚杆并联系统的体系可靠度计算方法,并编制了计算程序。对一工程实例进行计算,并对计算结果进行了分析,发现单根锚杆的3种失效模式并非相互独立,每种失效模式对锚杆可靠度的影响也不一样,而3根锚杆并联系统的失效概率近似等于在其他锚杆均未破坏的条件下每根锚杆单独失效概率之和。 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
One important consideration in the design of a braced excavation system is to ensure that the structural bracing system is designed both safely and economically. The forces acting on the struts are often determined using empirical methods such as the Apparent Pressure Diagram (APD) method developed by Peck (1969). Most of these empirical methods that were developed from either numerical analysis or field studies have been for excavations with flexible wall types such as sheetpile walls. There have been only limited studies on the excavation performance for stiffer wall systems such as diaphragm walls and bored piles. In this paper, both 2D and 3D finite element analyses were carried out to study the forces acting on the struts for braced excavations in clays, with focus on the performance for the stiffer wall systems. Subsequently, based on this numerical study as well as field measurements from a number of reported case histories, empirical charts have been proposed for determining strut loads for excavations in stiff wall systems. 相似文献
18.
Considering there is hardly any concerted effort to analyze the pile‐raft foundations under complex loads (combined with vertical loads, horizontal loads and moments), an analysis method is proposed in this paper to estimate the responses of pile‐raft foundations which are subjected to vertical loads, horizontal loads and moments in layered soils based on solutions for stresses and displacements in layered elastic half space. Pile to pile, pile to soil surface, soil surface to pile and soil surface to soil surface interactions are key ingredients for calculating the responses of pile‐raft foundations accurately. Those interactions are fully taken into account to estimate the responses of pile‐raft foundations subject to vertical loads, horizontal loads and moments in layered soils. The constraints of the raft on vertical movements, horizontal movements and rotations of the piles as well as the constraints of the raft on vertical movements and horizontal movements of the soils are considered to reflect the coupled effect on the raft. The method is verified through comparisons with the published methods and FEM. Then, the method is adopted to investigate the influence of soil stratigraphy on pile responses. The study shows that it is necessary to consider the soil non‐homogeneity when estimating the responses of pile‐raft foundations in layered soils, especially when estimating the horizontal responses of pile‐raft foundations. The horizontal loads and the moments have a significant impact on vertical responses of piles in pile‐raft foundations, while vertical loads have little influence on horizontal responses of piles in pile‐raft foundations in the cases of small deformations. The proposed method can provide a simple and useful tool for engineering design. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2016,7(1)
Piles are long, slender structural elements used to transfer the loads from the superstructure through weak strata onto stiffer soils or rocks. For driven piles, the impact of the piling hammer induces compression and tension stresses in the piles. Hence, an important design consideration is to check that the strength of the pile is sufficient to resist the stresses caused by the impact of the pile hammer. Due to its complexity, pile drivability lacks a precise analytical solution with regard to the phenomena involved.In situations where measured data or numerical hypothetical results are available, neural networks stand out in mapping the nonlinear interactions and relationships between the system's predictors and dependent responses. In addition, unlike most computational tools, no mathematical relationship assumption between the dependent and independent variables has to be made. Nevertheless, neural networks have been criticized for their long trial-and-error training process since the optimal configuration is not known a priori. This paper investigates the use of a fairly simple nonparametric regression algorithm known as multivariate adaptive regression splines(MARS), as an alternative to neural networks, to approximate the relationship between the inputs and dependent response, and to mathematically interpret the relationship between the various parameters. In this paper, the Back propagation neural network(BPNN) and MARS models are developed for assessing pile drivability in relation to the prediction of the Maximum compressive stresses(MCS), Maximum tensile stresses(MTS), and Blow per foot(BPF). A database of more than four thousand piles is utilized for model development and comparative performance between BPNN and MARS predictions. 相似文献
20.
针对某220 kV变电站岩质高挖方边坡,采用极限平衡法和数值分析法,设置不同锚杆打入角度和长度方案对边坡的稳定性进行了计算对比分析,优化了锚杆设计参数,评价了坡顶位移监测、深层水平位移监测和锚杆应力监测对锚杆加固效果。结果表明,（1）随着锚杆打入角度的增加,边坡安全系数先增大后减小,存在最优锚固角度,确定22°为最优锚固角度;（2）边坡下部锚杆受力大于上部锚杆受力,设计时应有重点考虑下部锚杆参数。当边坡安全系数不满足设计要求时,应适当增大下部锚杆截面尺寸或增加锚杆长度;（3）各排锚杆应进行不等长设计,锚杆长度通过极限平衡法量取潜在滑动面到坡面的距离进行确定和验算;（4）现场监测结果显示优化设计后的锚杆参数加固效果良好,经济效益可观。 相似文献