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在世界面临能源短缺的背景下,页岩气作为油气勘探的一个新领域,越来越得到世界各国的重视。我国页岩气资源丰富,许多盆地或地区具有页岩气大规模成藏的地质条件,对页岩气的研究显得尤为重要。该文介绍了我国页岩气资源储量、分布及开采面临的问题,概述了页岩气地质特征。在此基础上探讨了我国页岩气的影响因素,认为我国页岩气主要受有机碳含量、成熟度、裂缝的发育程度、地层压力的控制;页岩气与煤层气同属于非常规天然气,其赋存形态、成因类型、富集规律具有很多相似之处,因此可将页岩气与煤层气进行对比研究。 相似文献
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红茂煤田是广西煤层气资源丰富的地区之一。文中分析了影响煤层气含量的地质因素———地质构造、煤层厚度及埋深、围岩性质、煤岩组分、煤变质程度、水文地质条件等,分别指出该煤田煤层气资源较丰富以及各矿区或井田分布不均衡的原因。 相似文献
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Coal-Bed Methane Resource of Mesozoic Basins in Jiamusi Landmass 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
As a new-replacement of energy resource, coal bed methane is the important gas resource with great strategic significance. There are several number of Mesozoic coal-bearing basins in Jiamusi landmass, eastern Heilongjiang Province. Theresult of the resource assessment revealed that the total resource less than 1 500 m,s depth in the area is about 2 100×108m3. It shows that Jiamusi landmass has great potential of coal-bed gas and is one of the most prospecting districts for developing coal-bed gas in CBM-province Northeast China. 相似文献
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含煤岩系中存在着多种矿产和元素,统称为煤的共伴生矿产。然而,煤的共生矿产与伴生矿产明显不同,主要体现在成矿过程、赋存方式及其后期开采形式等方面,至今二者概念较为模糊,需要进一步区分。通过详细分析了煤共生、伴生矿产的特征,根据矿产在煤层中的赋存状态、存在位置及与煤的关系,认为煤的伴生矿产包括煤层气、煤成气、镓、铀、锗、钒等,共生矿产包括页岩气等,而油页岩、粘土与高岭土则既是伴生矿产也是共生矿产。在此基础上,该文提出了煤的共生、伴生矿产分类方案,对煤系矿产资源的勘探与开发有着重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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煤矿瓦斯不仅关系到能否起到利用价值,同时也关系到众多矿工的安全问题,鲁中地区是山东重要的煤炭资源基地,埠村煤矿作为其中重要的一部分,其瓦斯研究价值不言而喻。运用沉积学、构造地质学、煤地质学,数学分析等相关学科和方法,从影响瓦斯涌出量的地质构造、顶底板岩性、岩浆岩、水文地质条件、上覆基岩厚度等地质因素进行综合分析,对埠村煤矿瓦斯涌出量进行量化预测,并作出其全井田瓦斯涌出量的等值线图。研究表明,埠村井田属低瓦斯矿井,瓦斯涌出量存在东高西低的趋势,主要受埠村向斜的控制,矿井瓦斯涌出量的预测分析可以对以后生产防治作出指导作用。 相似文献
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郑浩然 《东北石油大学学报》2013,(2):107-111,11
为了研究煤岩压裂后裂缝导流能力的变化特征,进行煤层气井压裂裂缝导流能力实验,分别考虑裂缝闭合压力、时间、铺砂浓度、煤岩天然裂缝及煤岩性质对煤岩压裂裂缝导流能力的影响.结果表明:裂缝闭合压力是影响煤岩裂缝导流能力的重要因素;在一定闭合压力下,裂缝导流能力随着时间的推移而呈现下降的趋势;高铺砂浓度下的导流能力明显高于低铺砂浓度下的;煤岩中天然裂缝对导流能力的影响不容忽视;在较高闭合压力作用下,支撑剂的嵌入和煤粉的产生对质软的煤岩裂缝导流能力伤害更为严重.煤岩裂缝导流能力表现出与砂岩裂缝不同的一些特征,在煤层气开发中需要考虑煤岩裂缝的特性,从而获得较高导流能力的煤层气井压裂裂缝. 相似文献
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许厂煤矿下组煤中蕴藏着较为丰富的瓦斯、二氧化碳资源。下组煤位于瓦斯风化带内,含瓦斯、二氧化碳和氮气等气体,瓦斯含量与埋藏深度呈正相关关系,主要存在低含量瓦斯、二氧化碳抽采率、二氧化碳资源化转换等技术方面的问题。从国家相关优惠政策、资源优势、煤与煤层气一体化开发技术、近水平长钻孔定向钻进技术、煤层压裂造缝技术、煤层注气增产技术和瓦斯、二氧化碳气体提纯技术等关键技术的发展程度,结合煤矿的下组煤层的开采方案,认为许厂煤矿有着较好的煤炭与瓦斯、二氧化碳一体化开发利用前景。 相似文献
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A.V. Andreev 《东北亚地学研究》2006,9(2):173-175
The coal deposits methane is one of the type ecological mineral-raw materials resources.The methane reasonable extract from coal-methane deposits at the same time with mining of coal.This is the most economical way of the coal methane mining.The Russian coal basins are a large domestic raw materials base for energy,metallurgical and coke industry.There are the 77% of all mines have volume of gas in Kuzbass,Vorkuta and other mining industrial regions of Russia.Russian coal deposits is disposed the most largest in the world coal deposits and are most methane-bearing capacity coal seams:8.1 kg/t methane of coal,to compare with 7.4 kg/t in Great Britain,6.7 kg/t in China,5.0 kg/t in USA and 3.6 kg/t in Germany. 相似文献
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为了阐释钼催化作用下的煤成气碳同位素演化特征和机理,采用在原煤中添加单质钼的方式,开展催化生气模拟试验,测定模拟系列气样的单体烷烃气碳同位素组成,并对其演化规律和模式进行探讨.结果表明:无论加钼与否,模拟气甲烷碳同位素组成(δ(13C1))均以镜质组反射率1.1%为界分为演化趋势截然相反的2个阶段,乙烷碳同位素组成(δ(13C2))不存在明显的演化阶段性,但加钼煤样δ(13C2)由在较低成熟度阶段重于原煤样变为在较高成熟度阶段轻于原煤样;加钼条件下,模拟烷烃气呈现出正碳同位素系列,δ(13C1)为(-25~-45)×10-3,δ(13C2)重于-29×10-3,表明钼催化成因气属于有机热成因气范畴.对比模拟烷烃气碳同位素组成与镜质组反射率之间的关系,发现模拟烷烃气碳同位素组成演化规律与前人模式有所不同.加钼煤样的不同单体烷烃气碳同位素组成随有机质成熟度变化速率的不同而不同,指示生气作用在钼催化作用下得到增强,这一效应在裂解气生成过程中更为显著;加钼煤样δ(13C2)在较高成熟度条件下轻于原煤样δ(13C2)的原因可能在于钼催化效应促进了煤中壳质组裂解生气. 相似文献
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水可动性是影响煤层气产出的重要因素,分析孔渗对水可动性的作用对鸡西盆地煤层气开发具有重要意义。以鸡西盆地不同矿区主力煤层为研究对象,开展了低场核磁共振（NMR）及渗透率实验,同时,结合称重测定煤样含水饱和度的方法,分析了煤层孔渗特征对煤中水可动性的影响。结果表明:①研究区煤样中吸附孔较为发育,平均占比为58.36%;渗流孔和裂隙发育程度相当,平均占比分别为21.23%和20.41%,且两者之间连通性较好;②确定了煤样达到束缚水状态的离心力为1.38 MPa,此压力下煤中可排出半径约0.1 μm半开放或开放孔隙中的可动水。煤样可动水饱和度为27.84%~60.87%,平均值37.86%;束缚水饱和度为39.13%~72.16%,平均值62.14%,可动水含量相对束缚水含量较低。随着离心压力的增加,可动水首先沿着大裂隙流动,随后经过渗流孔流出,束缚水主要存在于吸附孔中,需要克服较大的毛细管阻力,难以流动;③尽管煤样变质程度相近,但其内部水的可动性及赋存状态存在明显差异,这可能是造成同一区块不同煤层气井气水产出差异的原因之一;④研究区煤中半径>1 000 nm段孔喉越发育、煤岩渗透率越大,煤的可动水饱和度越高,水在其中越容易流出;煤中半径0~100 nm段孔喉越发育,煤的可动水饱和度越低,水在其中被束缚而难以流动。 相似文献
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The Changling gas field is occurs in tight sandstone reservoirs of the Lower Cretaceous Denglouku Formation in the Changling fault depression , southern Songliao Basin , China, which constitutes a new gas-pro-ducing area in the depression .Using information on the source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage of the Denglouku Formation, fault activity, and single well burial history of well CS 1, together with data on reservoir fluid inclu-sion and laser Raman spectroscopy , we described the formation of the Changling gas field and determine that this fault depression did not possess suitable conditions for hydrocarbon generation .Coal-derived methane gen-erated from underlying hydrocarbon source rock accumulated in the Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation .At the end of the Late Cretaceous Qingshankou Stage , underwater volcanic eruptions occurred in the northern part of the Changling gas field near Qian'an, resulting in the reactivation of deep faults .Mantle-sourced inorganic CO2 migrated along faults to hydrocarbon gas reservoirs in volcanic rocks of the Yingcheng Formation ;Mean-while, displaced methane ( hydrocarbon gas ) migrated upward to sand reservoirs of the Denglouku Formation . The methane accumulated and formed secondary gas reservoirs ,Therefore fault activity was the main factor con-trolling the generation of gas reservoirs in the Denglouku Formation .The main accumulation period of the Yingcheng hydrocarbon gas reservoirs was 82 Ma.Whereas gas reservoir formation in the overlying Denglongku Formation was 79 Ma, slightly later than the time of formation of the Yingcheng gas reservoir in CS 1 well area. At 79 Ma, the burial depth of the Denglouku Formation was 1800-2000 m, the diagenesis is relatively weak and the physical properties of the reservoir are relatively favorable for accumulation .This period is not only at gas generation peak time of three sets of source rock but also at the reactivation of deep faults during the forma -tion of fault-bound depressions , thereby providing favorable conditions for the migration and accumulation of methane . 相似文献
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钻井实践表明,钻井液侵入会改变井壁围岩特性,例如岩石强度、孔隙压力等。在非常规的含水合物地层,钻井液侵入还可能诱发地层中水合物分解和再形成,从而对井壁稳定和测井解释产生影响。因此,研究钻井液在含水合物地层中侵入流动特性有非常重要的理论和实际应用价值。基于野外水合物储层的相关数据和室内实验模拟系统,采用数值模拟方法研究了实验尺度下钻井液在含水合物地层中的侵入流动规律及其对储层物性的影响。模拟结果可为后续实验模拟方案设计以及热开采研究提供一定的指导作用。 相似文献
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以贵州松河煤矿晚二叠世煤层为研究对象,进行了详细的有机地球化学研究。利用偏光显微镜观察煤岩组分和测定镜质体反射率,利用气相色谱（GC）和色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分别对煤样中饱和烃和芳香烃进行测定,并计算相关的有机地球化学参数。结果显示,松河煤样镜质组含量最高,镜质体平均反射率（Ro）为1.21%。正烷烃碳数分布范围为C12-C29,主峰碳为C14或C15,∑C21-/∑C22+值较高,奇偶优势指数OEP值接近于1,姥植比（Pr/Ph）在1.40~2.65之间;检测到的芳烃种类较多,以来源于树脂类有机质的萘系和菲系化合物为主,甲基取代同系物中热力学稳定异构体的含量相对较高。分析表明,松河煤的成煤母质主要为陆相高等植物,但也伴随海相低等生物的贡献;煤样成熟度较高,较高的芴系化合物和苯并萘并噻吩含量反映煤层主要形成于还原环境之中。 相似文献
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煤层气藏的储集特征及储层评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
论述了煤层气非常规天然气的特征，指出控制煤储集性能的因素主要是煤岩性质、煤层埋藏深度及地质构造条件等，并综合分析了煤层气储层各种评价参数，指出各种有利于煤层气藏的地质条件和物性条件。 相似文献
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利用阳谷-茌平煤田内的聊城勘查区、阿城镇勘查区、阳谷勘查区、博平勘查区的钻孔资料及地质成果,主要从煤层组合关系、标志层方面对煤田内各勘查区的煤层进行横向比对。山西组发育2~5层煤,3煤发育稳定,厚度较大,易于对比;太原组发育13~17层煤,根据沉积旋回性及赋煤特征分为上组煤、中组煤和下组煤,太原组有3层全区发育稳定的灰岩层,可作为该煤系地层的标志层。同时结合煤层间距及相邻岩层的岩性组合关系,找出各勘查区煤层的对应关系,并提出了统一编号的方案,为该煤田的煤炭资源储量的核实统计及地质综合研究带来方便。 相似文献
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Natural hydrocarbon seeps in the marine environment are important contributors to greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Such gases include methane, which plays a significant role in global carbon cycling and climate change. To accurately quantify the methane flux from hydrocarbon seeps on the seafloor, a specialized in situ and online gas flux measuring (GFM) device was designed to obtain high-resolution time course gas fluxes using the process of equal volume exchange. The device consists of a 1.0-m diameter, 0.9-m tall, inverted conical tent and a GFM instrument that contains a solenoid valve, level transducer, and gas collection chamber. Rising gas bubbles from seeps were measured by laboratory-calibrated GFM instruments attached to the top of the tent. According to the experimental data, the optimal anti-shake time interval was 5 s. The measurement range of the device was 0–15 L min?1, and the relative error was ± 1.0%. The device was initially deployed at an active seep site in the Lingtou Promontory seep field in South China Sea. The amount of gas released from a single gas vent was 30.5 m3 during the measurement period, and the gas flow rate ranged from 22 to 72 L h?1, depending on tidal period, and was strongly negatively correlated with water depth. The measurement results strongly suggest that oceanic tides and swells had a significant forcing effect on gas flux. Low flow rates were associated with high tides and vice versa. The changes in gas volume escaping from the seafloor seeps could be attributed to the hydrostatic pressure induced by water depth. Our findings suggest that in the marine environment, especially in the shallow shelf area, sea level variation may play an important role in controlling methane release into the ocean. Such releases probably also affect atmospheric methane levels. 相似文献