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1.
Moche Ziv 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2003,27(3):233-258
The transient deformation of an elastic half‐space under a line‐concentrated impulsive vector shear load applied momentarily is disclosed in this paper. While in an earlier work, the author gave an analytical–numerical method for the solution to this transient boundary‐value problem, here, the resultant response of the half‐space is presented and interpreted. In particular, a probe is set up for the kinematics of the source signature and wave fronts, both explicitly revealed in the strained half‐space by the solution method. The source signature is the imprint of the spatiotemporal configuration of the excitation source in the resultant response. Fourteen wave fronts exist behind the precursor shear wave S: four concentric cylindrical, eight plane, and two relativistic cylindrical initiated at propagating centres that are located on the stationary boundaries of the solution domain. A snapshot of the stressed half‐space reveals that none of the 14 wave fronts fully extend laterally. Instead, each is enclosed within point bounds. These wave arresting points and the two propagating centres of the relativistic waves constitute the source signature. The obtained 14 wave fronts are further combined into 11 disparate wave fronts that are grouped into four categories: an axis of symmetry wave—so named here by reason of being a wave front that is contiguous to the axis of symmetry, three body waves, five surface waves and two inhibitor waves—so named here by reason that beyond them the material motion dies out. Of the three body waves, the first is an unloading shear wave, the second is a diffracted wave and the third is a reflected longitudinal two‐branch wave. Of the two inhibitor waves, the first is a two‐joint relativistic wave, while the second is a two‐branch wave. The wave system, however, is not the same for all the dependent variables; a wave front that appears in the behaviour of one dependent variable may not exist in the behaviour of another. It is evident from this work that Saint–Venant's principle for wave propagation problems cannot be formulated. Therefore, the above results are valid for the particular proposed model for the momentary line‐concentrated shear load. The formulation of the source signature, the wave system, and their role in the half‐space transient deformation are presented here. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
WANG Dongdong ZHANG Gongcheng LI Zengxue DONG Guoqi SUN Rui GUO Shuai WU Yue 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):105-120
There are known to be enormous Cenozoic coal-type oil and gas resources located in the basins of the South China Sea,among which the Paleogene coal-measure source rock are one of the main source rock.In order to more effectively analyze the distribution laws of coal-measure source rock in marginal sea basins and guide coal-type oil and gas explorations,the Oligocene coal-measure source rock in the Qiongdongnan Basin were selected as examples in order to systematically analyze the types,development characteristics,control factors,and distribution prediction methods of coalmeasure source rock in marginal sea basins.The Qiongdongnan Basin is located in the northern region of the South China Sea.Previous explorations of the area have determined that the Oligocene coal-measure source rock in the Qiongdongnan Basin have typical"binary structures",which include coal seams and terrigenous marine mudstone.Among those,the terrigenous marine mudstone has been found to greatly expand the scope of the coal-measure source rock.In addition,the coal seams which have been exposed by drilling have been observed to have the characteristics of thin single layer thickness,many layers,and poor stability.Meanwhile,the terrigenous marine mudstone has the characteristics of large thickness and wide distribution.The development of coal-measure source rock is known to be controlled by many factors,such as paleoclimate and paleobotany condition,paleo-structure and topography,paleo-geography,rise and fall of base level,and so on.In accordance with the comprehensive analyses of various control factors of coal-measure source rock,and the changes in water body energy in sedimentary environments,a genetic model of the"energy belt"for the development and distribution of coal-measure source rock was proposed.Also,the development and distribution characteristics of coalmeasure source rock in different types of energy belts were clarified.Then,based on the development and distribution characteristics of coal-measure source rock and their controlling factors,prediction methods of the distribution ranges of coal-measure source rock were proposed from both qualitative and(semi-)quantitative aspects.That is to say,a method for(semi-)quantitative predictions of the distribution ranges of coal-bearing intervals based on model wave impedance inversion and neural network wave impedance inversion,along with a method for(semi-)quantitative predictions of the distribution ranges of terrigenous marine mudstone based on topographical slopes,were introduced in this study. 相似文献
3.
Three‐dimensional time‐harmonic fundamental solutions for a fluid‐saturated poroelastic half‐space with partially permeable free surface 
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下载免费PDF全文 By virtue of a pair of scalar potentials for the displacement of the solid skeleton and the pore fluid pressure field of a saturated poroelastic medium, an alternative solution method to the Helmholtz decomposition is developed for the wave propagation problems in the framework of Biot's theory. As an application, a comprehensive solution for three‐dimensional response of an isotropic poroelastic half‐space with a partially permeable hydraulic free surface under an arbitrarily distributed time‐harmonic internal force field and fluid sources is developed. The Green's functions for the poroelastic fields, corresponding to point, ring, and disk loads, are reduced to semi‐infinite complex‐valued integrals that can be evaluated numerically by an appropriate quadrature scheme. Analytical and numerical comparisons are made with existing elastic and poroelastic solutions to illustrate the quality and features of the solution. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
Moche Ziv 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2003,27(3):207-232
The response of an ideal elastic half‐space to a line‐concentrated impulsive vector shear force applied momentarily is obtained by an analytical–numerical computational method based on the theory of characteristics in conjunction with kinematical relations derived across surfaces of strong discontinuities. The shear force is concentrated along an infinite line, drawn on the surface of the half‐space, while being normal to that line as well as to the axis of symmetry of the half‐space. An exact loading model is introduced and built into the computational method for this shear force. With this model, a compatibility exists among the prescribed applied force, the geometric decay of the shear stress component at the precursor shear wave, and the boundary conditions of the half‐space; in this sense, the source configuration is exact. For the transient boundary‐value problem described above, a wave characteristics formulation is presented, where its differential equations are extended to allow for strong discontinuities which occur in the material motion of the half‐space. A numerical integration of these extended differential equations is then carried out in a three‐dimensional spatiotemporal wavegrid formed by the Cartesian bicharacteristic curves of the wave characteristics formulation. This work is devoted to the construction of the computational method and to the concepts involved therein, whereas the interpretation of the resultant transient deformation of the half‐space is presented in a subsequent paper. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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6.
Moche Ziv 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2002,26(4):373-406
First, the response of an ideal elastic half‐space to a line‐concentrated impulsive normal load applied to its surface is obtained by a computational method based on the theory of characteristics in conjunction with kinematical relations derived across surfaces of strong discontinuities. Then, the geometry is determined of the obtained waves and the source signature—the latter is the imprint of the spatiotemporal configuration of the excitation source in the resultant response. Behind the dilatational precursor wave, there exists a pencil of three plane waves extending from the vertex at the impingement point of the precursor wave on the stress‐free surface of the half‐space to three points located on the other two boundaries of the solution domain. These four wave‐arresting points (end points) of the three plane waves constitute the source signature. One wave is an inhibitor front in the behaviour of the normal stress components and the particle velocity, while in the behaviour of the shear stress component, it is a surface‐axis wave. The second is a surface wave in the behaviour of the horizontal components of the dependent variables, while the third is an inhibitor wave in the behaviour of the shear stress component. An inhibitor wave is so named, since beyond it, the material motion is dying or becomes uniform. A surface‐axis wave is so named, since upon its arrival, like a surface wave, the dependent variable in question features an extreme value, but unlike a surface wave, it exists in the entire depth of the solution domain. It is evident from this work that Saint‐Venant's principle for wave propagation problems cannot be formulated; therefore, the above results are a consequence of the particular model proposed here for the line‐concentrated normal load. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
大型矿床和成矿区(带)在混沌边缘 总被引：26，自引：8，他引：18
笔者将复杂性科学和矿床地质学相结合提出了一种新的金属成矿理论———“金属成矿动力系统的复杂性与自组织临界性”,并应用这一理论研究扬子古陆周缘四大成矿区（带）的矿床成因与成矿规律,发现“大型矿床和成矿区（带）在混沌边缘”。文章在概述“金属成矿动力系统的复杂性与自组织临界性”的理论纲要与噪声、混沌和混沌边缘基本概念的基础上,提出地质成矿系统在混沌边缘的四条判定准则：Ⅰ．自组织临界性的标志———广义地质学（地质学、地球物理学、地球化学）场（温度、流速、浓度、压力等场）的场量之时空幂律分布———及其基本属性：（１）长程时空关联与连通性及时空分形结构;（２）崩塌动力学;（３）“元胞自动机”的动力学机制;（４）自组织临界性涌现于“混沌边缘”,并具有最大的复杂性、演化性和创新性。Ⅱ．地质成矿过程向时间混沌及地质成矿系统向时空混沌的演化。Ⅲ．岩浆和热液“孤子”、“孤波”与“相干结构”以及其它弱混沌“拟序结构”。Ⅳ．超临界地质流体参与地质成矿作用。笔者进一步提出金属成矿动力系统的复杂性与自组织临界性的三大基础理论：（１）地质成矿过程的非线性动力学———应用非线性动力学理论研究矿床和矿集区形成的动力学机制;（２）“地质成矿作用? 相似文献
8.
沉积盆地成岩作用的动力机制与时空分布研究若干问题及趋向 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
对成岩作用的物理—化学—生物过程的系统认识已经成为国际成岩作用研究的学术热点,而对沉积盆地尤其是化石能源盆地成岩作用重要性认识的加强,使得对成岩作用时空属性及其界定的精度要求愈来愈高。为此本文明确提出了在盆地动力学演化框架内,基于盆地沉积层序（岩石—矿物—化学体系配置）、埋藏、构造、流体格架分析,开展成岩作用时空分布研究的思路。进一步讨论了成岩作用的动力机制与时空分布研究若干问题和发展趋向,提出了应重视和开展地表温度变化对埋藏成岩作用,沉积结构及其矿物—化学体系对后期成岩改造的制约机理,断裂相、变形条带及其与碎屑岩储层裂缝或强压实改造关系,构造—流体活动耦合机制与流体—岩石相互作用效应等的研究建议。 相似文献
9.
Michelle S. Trommelen Martin Ross Janet E. Campbell 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2013,42(3):693-713
The net effect of ice‐flow shifts resulting in the dilution or reworking of clasts on a single preserved till sheet is often unknown yet has major implications for palaeoglaciology and mineral exploration. Herein, we analyse variations in till clast lithologies from a single till sheet, within palimpsest‐type Glacial Terrain Zones in NE Manitoba, Canada, to better understand sediment–landform relationships in this area of high landform inheritance. This near‐ice‐divide area is known to consist of a highly fragmented subglacial landscape, resulting from spatio‐temporal variations in intensity of reworking and inheritance throughout multiple glacial events (subglacial bed mosaic). We show that a seemingly homogenous ‘Keewatin’ till sheet is composed of local (>15 km) and continental‐scale (～100‐km‐long carbonate train and 350–600 km long Dubawnt red erratic train) fan, irregular (amoeboid) or lobate palimpsest dispersal patterns. Local dispersal is more complex than the preserved local landform flowset(s) record, but appears consistent with the overall glacial history reconstructed from regional flowset and striation analyses. The resultant surface till is a spatial mosaic interpreted to reflect variable intensities in modification (overprinting) and preservation (inheritance) of a predominately pre‐existing till sheet. A multi‐faceted approach integrating till composition, regional landforms, ice‐flow indicators, and stratigraphic knowledge is used to map relative spatio‐temporal erosion/reworking intensity. 相似文献
10.
Giovanni Leonelli Manuela Pelfini 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2013,42(3):613-622
Debris‐covered glaciers may host several biological forms that colonize the debris cover, especially if the glacier tongue reaches sufficiently low altitudes (down to about 1700 m a.s.l. at Miage Glacier, Western Italian Alps) thus allowing also tree growth. Supraglacial trees colonizing the debris‐covered tongue are strongly influenced in growth and distribution by substrate characteristics and instability. The tree age distribution at Miage Glacier presents a positive gradient towards the glacier terminus, which was found to be related to the decreasing glacier surface velocity. By analysing tree‐ring growth anomalies on the glacier and at a control site at the tree line over the 20‐year period 1987–2006, it was found that trees growing on the glacier presented the highest percentages of abrupt growth changes (AGCs)>+70% with respect to the four previous years. Considering tree displacement on the glacier surface over the same 20‐year period and the recorded AGCs, it was found that the central‐lower portion of the southern lobe towards the margins was the most unstable. The temporal analysis of AGC>+40% confirmed a period of higher glacier surface instability, reaching a maximum in the years 1988 (on lobe S) and 1989 (on lobe N), probably related to the passage of a kinematic wave in the glacier tongue. Our analysis suggests that supraglacial trees hold useful information on the glacier tongue dynamics and that both AGC>+70% and AGC>+40% may be used as a proxy for substrate instability in spatio‐temporal reconstructions in the Alpine environment. 相似文献
11.
This paper presents a three‐dimensional energy‐based solution for the time‐dependent response of a deeply embedded and unsupported semi‐infinite tunnel of circular cross‐section. The tunnel is taken to be excavated quasi‐instantaneously from an infinite rock body that initially exhibits an isotropic stress state and that is made up of a homogeneous, isotropic and viscoelastic material. The viscoelastic behaviour is modelled by means of Burger's model, and the rock is taken to behave volumetrically linear elastic and to exhibit exclusively deviatoric creep. This viscoelastic problem is transformed into the Laplace domain, where it represents a quasi‐elastic problem. The displacement fields in the new solution are taken to be the products of independent functions that vary in the radial and longitudinal directions. The differential equations governing the displacements of the system and appropriate boundary conditions are obtained using the principle of minimum potential energy. The solutions for these governing equations in the Laplace domain are then obtained analytically and numerically using a one‐dimensional finite difference technique. The results are then transformed back into the time domain using an efficient numerical scheme. The accuracy of the new solution is comparable with that of a finite element analysis but requires much less computation effort. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
地质作用的自组织临界过程动力学——地质系统在混沌边缘分形生长(下) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
笔者对复杂性科学中的自组织临界性、瞬态混沌、混沌边缘和弱混沌四大理论和研究领域就其发展现状和最近动态作系统和深入的剖析后得出结论 ,认为以上四者是对自然界中开放、远离平衡、相互作用的巨大耗散动力学系统的时空演化这个统一事物的本质的面面观。笔者进一步将四者的相互关系归纳成一个重要的命题 :自然界中开放、远离平衡、相互作用的巨大耗散动力学系统的时空演化服从“自组织临界过程动力学” ,并且系统“在混沌边缘分形生长”。地质系统是自然界中的一种既十分重要 ,又异常复杂的开放、远离平衡、相互作用的巨大耗散动力学系统。它具有自组织临界性的内禀基本属性。它的时空行为服从地质作用的自组织临界过程动力学。地质系统位于有序和混沌之间的过渡时空域 ,即混沌边缘 ,其中系统呈规则与混沌运动并存和混合的弱混沌动力学状态 ,并且地质系统在混沌边缘分形生长。将上述命题演绎和整合成一种广泛适用于地质系统的地球科学的复杂性理论 ,名之为 :“地质作用的自组织临界过程动力学———地质系统在混沌边缘分形生长” ,并将其内容归纳成 6部分 :(1)自组织临界性、瞬态混沌、混沌边缘和弱混沌 ,(2 )多组分的耦合与相互作用及其相干与协同 ,(3)演化过程的分形动力学 ,(4 )作用的时空结构 ,( 相似文献
13.
Mathematical simulation of non‐isothermal multiphase flow in deformable unsaturated porous media is a complicated issue because of the need to employ multiple partial differential equations, the need to take into account mass and energy transfer between phases and because of the non‐linear nature of the governing partial differential equations. In this paper, an analytical solution for analyzing a fully coupled problem is presented for the one‐dimensional case where the coefficients of the system of equations are assumed to be constant for the entire domain. A major issue is the non‐linearity of the governing equations, which is not considered in the analytical solution. In order to introduce the non‐linearity of the equations, an iterative discretized procedure is used. The domain of the problem is divided into identical time–space elements that cover the time–space domain. A separate system of equations is defined for each element in the local coordinate system, the initial and boundary conditions for each element are obtained from the adjacent elements and the coefficients of the system of equations are considered to be constant in each step. There are seven governing differential equations that should be solved simultaneously: the equilibrium of the solid skeleton, mass conservation of fluids (water, water vapor and gas) and energy conservation of phases (solid, liquid and gas). The water vapor is not in equilibrium with water and different phases do not have the same temperature. The governing equations that have been solved seem to be the most comprehensive in this field. Three examples are presented for analyzing heat and mass transfer in a semi‐infinite column of unsaturated soil. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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We tested 288 pieces of the polished cabochon jadeite-jade with high quality green and smooth surfaces using the colorimeter Color i5 based on the CIE 1976 L~*a~*b~* uniform color space. The color changes after alternating three CIE standard light sources D_(65),A and CWF were compared,and the degree of metamerism was evaluated. The results show that the CIE standard light sources D_(65),A and CWF increase the chroma of green and turn bluish green into vivid green,which are similar or to nearly colorless and transparent glass-like samples with fine textures. When the three light sources were individually alternated,the lightness of the jadeite-jades showed little change,but the tone changed significantly. Metamerism occurred only in 3 pairs among the 16 samples that were selected by cluster analysis for quality,and the metamerism colors were highly consistent of L~*D_(65)∈(43.47,46.75),C~*D_(65)∈(65.20,68.80) and ho~*D_(65)∈(138.10,140.23). We can conclude that the jadeite-jade green gradually turns to blue when the color temperature of the light source increases. But when considering both the light sources and the samples,D_(65) is more suitable to be the light source of jadeite-jade green when compared with the light sources CWF and A. Compared with the CIE standard green and high chroma green,high-quality jadeite-jade green has a slight yellow tone,low lightness and high chroma. The special metamerism index decreased to 1 when the light source alternated among D_(65),A and CWF. Therefore,the color of jadeite-jade green might be slightly influenced by alternating of the light sources. 相似文献
15.
Complex coastal change in response to autogenic basin infilling: An example from a sub‐tropical Holocene strandplain 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Christopher J. Hein Duncan M. FitzGerald Luis H. P. de Souza Ioannis Y. Georgiou Ilya V. Buynevich Antonio H. da F. Klein João Thadeu de Menezes William J. Cleary Thelma L. Scolaro 《Sedimentology》2016,63(6):1362-1395
Thick bay‐fill sequences that often culminate in strandplain development serve as important sedimentary archives of land–ocean interaction, although distinguishing between internal and external forcings is an ongoing challenge. This study employs sediment cores, ground‐penetrating radar surveys, radiocarbon dates, palaeogeographic reconstructions and hydrodynamic modelling to explore the role of autogenic processes – notably a reduction in wave energy in response to coastal embayment infilling – in coastal evolution and shoreline morphodynamics. Following a regional 2 to 4 m highstand at ca 5·8 ka, the 75 km2 Tijucas Strandplain in southern Brazil built from fluvial sediments deposited into a semi‐enclosed bay. Holocene regressive deposits are underlain by fluvial sands and a Pleistocene transgressive–regressive sequence, and backed by a highstand barrier‐island. The strandplain is immediately underlain by 5 to 16 m of seaward‐thickening, fluvially derived, Holocene‐age, basin‐fill mud. Several trends are observed from the landward (oldest) to the seaward (youngest) sections of the strandplain: (i) the upper shoreface and foreshore become finer and thinner and shift from sand‐dominated to mud‐dominated; (ii) beachface slopes decrease from >11° to ca 7°; and (iii) progradation rates increase from 0·4 to 1·8 m yr?1. Hydrodynamic modelling demonstrates a correlation between progressive shoaling of Tijucas Bay driven by sea‐level fall and sediment infilling and a decrease in onshore wave‐energy transport from 18 to 4 kW m?1. The combination of allogenic (sediment supply, falling relative sea‐level and geology) and autogenic (decrease in wave energy due to bay shoaling) processes drove the development of a regressive system with characteristics that are rare, if not unique, in the Holocene and rock records. These findings demonstrate the complexities in architecture styles of highstand and regressive systems tracts. Furthermore, this article highlights the diverse internal and external processes and feedbacks responsible for the development of these intricate marginal marine sedimentary systems. 相似文献
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The vibrations of railway tracks on a poroelastic half‐space generated by moving trains are investigated through a vehicle–track–ground coupling model. The theoretical model incorporates a vehicle, a track, and a fully saturated poroelastic half‐space soil medium. The source of vibration excitation is divided into two components: the quasi‐static loads and the dynamic loads. The quasi‐static loads are related to the static component of the axle loads, whereas the dynamic loads are due to the dynamic wheel–rail interaction. A linear Hertizian contact spring is introduced between each wheelset and the rail to consider the dynamic loads. Biot's dynamic theory is used to characterize the poroelastic half‐space soil medium. Using the Fourier transform, the governing equations for the track–ground system are solved and the numerical results are presented for a single axle vehicle model. The different dynamic characteristics of the elastic soil medium and the saturated poroelastic medium are investigated. In addition, the different roles of the moving axle loads and the roughness‐induced dynamic loads are identified. It is concluded that the vibration level of the free field off the track predicted by the poroelastic soil medium is smaller than that predicted by the elastic soil medium for vehicle speed below the Rayleigh wave speed of the poroelastic half‐space, whereas it is larger for vehicle speed above the Rayleigh wave speed. The dynamic loads play an important role in the dynamic responses of the track–ground system. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
An already available non‐associated elastic–viscoplastic constitutive model with anisotropic strain hardening is modified in order to describe both the constitutive parameter dependency on relative density and the spatio‐temporal evolution of strain localization. To achieve this latter goal, two distinct but similar approaches are introduced: one inspired by the gradient theory and one by the non‐local theory. A one‐dimensional case concerning a simple shear test for a non‐homogeneous infinitely long dense sand specimen is numerically discussed and a finite difference scheme is employed for this purpose. The results obtained by following the two different approaches are critically analysed and compared. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
The Yanjiagou deposit, located in the central North China Craton (NCC), is a newly found porphyry‐type Mo deposit. The Mo mineralization here is spatially associated with the Mapeng batholith. In this study, we identify four stages of ore formation in this deposit: pyrite phyllic stage (I), quartz–pyrite stage (II), quartz–pyrite–molybdenite stage (III), which is the main mineralization stage, and quartz–carbonate stage (IV). We present sulphur and lead isotope data on pyrite, and rhenium and osmium isotopes of molybdenite from the porphyry deposit and evaluate the timing and origin of ore formation. The δ34S values of the pyrite range from ‐1.1‰ to −0.6‰, with an average of −0.875‰, suggesting origin from a mixture of magmatic/mantle sources and the basement rocks. The Pb isotope compositions of the pyrite show a range of 16.369 to 17.079 for 206Pb/204Pb, 15.201 to 15.355 for 207Pb/204Pb, and 36.696 to 37.380 for 208Pb/204Pb, indicating that the ore‐forming materials were derived from a mixture of lower crust (or basement rocks) and mantle. Rhenium contents in molybdenite samples from the main ore stage are between 74.73 to 254.43 ppm, with an average of 147.9 ppm, indicating a mixed crustal‐mantle source for the metal. Eight molybdenite separates yield model ages ranging from 124.17 to 130.80 Ma and a mean model age of 128.46 Ma. An isochron age of 126.7 ± 1.1 Ma (MSWD = 2.1, initial 187Os = 0.0032 ± 0.0012 ppb) is computed, which reveals a close link between the Mo mineralization and the magmatism that generated the Mapeng batholith. The age is close to the zircon U–Pb age of ca. 130 Ma from the batholith reported in a recent study. The age is also consistent with the timing of mineralization in the Fuping ore cluster in the central NCC, as well as the peak time of lithosphere thinning and destruction of the NCC. We evaluate the spatio‐temporal distribution of the Mo deposits in the NCC and identify three important molybdenum provinces along the northern and southern margins of the craton formed during three distinct episodes: Middle to Late Triassic (240–220 Ma), Early Jurassic (190–175 Ma), and Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (150–125 Ma). The third period is considered to mark the most important metallogenic event, coinciding with the peak of lithosphere thinning and craton destruction in the NCC. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
基于波动方程照明分析原理和组合震源激发理论,对二维声波波场进行规则网格有限差分正演模拟,并给出组合震源照明度的计算方法,对于多个震源组合激发,通过改变相邻两个震源之间的激发时间,激发所产生的地震波场会沿着某一确定的方向传播,可以增强地下特定的区域的地质体的照明分析。模型试验结果表明,震源数目越多,激发的地震波最大能量指向越集中,改变震源之间的延迟时间,可以调整波场的传播方向,该方法对于分析简单的二维模型以及复杂的逆冲推覆构造模型和marmousi模型的照明能量分布均适用,对于指导炮点的设计有借鉴意义。 相似文献
20.
《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part A: Solid Earth and Geodesy》1999,24(3):231-234
We study some effects that produce 3D topographical irregularities under incoming elastic waves from point sources using the indirect boundary element method. This technique is based on the representation of elastic waves in terms of single-layer boundary sources. In this way reflected and diffracted waves are constructed at the boundaries from where they are radiated by means of boundary sources. The field emited from the point source is computed with the moment tensor for a shear dislocation and analytical expressions of the elastodynamic 3D Green's functions. In this way we can construct a double couple with variable orientation. We compare the technique with that of Bouchon, who used the discrete wave number method for a shear dislocation in a halfspace with a triangular source function. We subsequently apply our method to simulate the seismic response of a mountain of ellipsoidal geometry. The source function that we have considered is a triangular pulse and we show results corresponding to the velocity registered over the surface of the irregularity and that of the halfspace. This motion is presented by means of snapshots showing the evolution of the wavefields that are present in the problem. 相似文献