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1.
Cenozoic deformation within the Tien Shan of central Asia has accommodated part of the post-collisional indentation of the Indian plate into Asia. Within the Urumgi—Korla region of the Chinese Tien Shan this occurred dominantly on thrusts, with secondary strike-slip faulting. The gross pattern of deformation is of moderate to steeply dipping thrusts that have overthrust foreland basins to the north and south of the range, the Junggar and Tarim basins, respectively. Smaller foreland basins lie within the margins of the range itself (Turfan, Chai Wo Pu, Korla and Qumishi basins); these lie in the footwalls of local thrust systems. Both the Turfan and the Korla basins contain major thrusts within them; they are complex foreland basins. Deformation has progressively affected regions further into the interior of the Junggar Basin, and propagated into the interiors of the intermontane basins. No unidirectional deformation front has passed across the Tien Shan in the Neogene and Quaternary. An Oligocene unconformity may indicate the time of the onset of the Cenozoic deformation, but most of the Cenozoic molasse has been deposited after the Palaeogene. The rate of deposition in basins next to the uplifted ranges has increased since the onset of deformation. There has been at least about 80 km of Cenozoic shortening across this part of the Tien Shan. Cenozoic shortening is greater in sections of the range further west; these are nearer to the northern margin of the Indian indenter. Cenozoic compression has reactivated structures created by the two late Palaeozoic collisions that created the ancestral Tien Shan. These Palaeozoic structures have exerted a strong control over the style and location of the Cenozoic deformation. 相似文献
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Zhengle Chen Zongxiu Wang Fengbin Han Wengao Zhang Qing Zhang Zhenju Zhou 《International Geology Review》2018,60(8):1019-1037
The Mesozoic to Cenozoic mountain uplift, exhumation, and deformation of the SW Tianshan Mountains (Kyrgyzstan and Northwest China) offer an important window to understand the intra-continental rejuvenation mechanism of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), as response to the far-field effects of the India-Asia collision. This article presents new observation and data for the planation surface and sedimentation and deformation features of the regional intermountain basins to rebuild the orogenic history in Mesozoic to Cenozoic. Three planation surfaces were recognized by field observation, showing that the mountain may have experienced lengthy erosion since the end Cretaceous, and a continuous planation surface may have formed at the Eocene to Oligocene. The filling sequences and deformation character revealed that the orogenic disintegrate and intermountain basin formation likely began in the end of Oligocene. Subsequently, the uniform planation surface in Western Tianshan may have begun to disintegrate, leading to the basin-and-range landform formation. Folds and nappes in the Cenozoic basins, large-scale thrusting of Palaeozoic rocks over Cenozoic sediments at the basin margin associated with the rapid mountain uplift may have occurred at the end of Early Pleistocene, suggesting a tectonic inversion. The Mesozoic–Cenozoic Tianshan uplift and deformation were likely induced by the collision/accretion along the southern margin of Eurasia. Both the northward propagation of the Parmir syntaxis to the SW Tianshan and the oblique dextral faulting of the Talas–Fergana fault have likely played an important role on the formation and deformation of the Cenozoic basins in the SW Tianshan. 相似文献
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中国沉积盆地演化与联合古陆的形成和裂解 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
中国沉积盆地演化与全球动力学体系有关,可以划分为裂陷盆地序列、压陷盆地序列和走滑盆地序列。在空间上受东特提斯构造体系域与西太平洋构造体系域的制约,在时间上受联合古陆形成和裂解两个构造阶段的影响。因此,在各类原型盆地基础上可以产生反转盆地和复合盆地。中、新生代盆地与古生代盆地之间存在着新生性、再生性和反转性等关系。 相似文献
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滇西新生代盆山耦合与砂岩型铀矿找矿方向 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
滇西新生代盆地初始成盆时间约为14Ma,与腾冲微板块东缘泸水-瑞丽弧形右旋走滑断裂带和西缘那邦右旋走滑断裂带晚期活动时间相耦合。新生代盆地演化可分为沉积成盆与改造盆地2个阶段,前者与走滑造山带走滑活动相耦合,形成走滑盆地;后者与盆地整体隆升剥蚀密切相关,形成残留盆地。滇西地区存在2种类型的新生代盆地,其盆地沉积演化、火山活动、地貌景观等不同,砂岩型铀矿成矿条件亦存在差异。寻找砂岩型铀矿最有利处是北部腾冲地区改造盆地阶段盆地持续隆升、存在大规模火山活动、深切割低山-丘陵-河谷阶地地貌的新生代盆地。 相似文献
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中国中、新生代含油气盆地成因类型、构造体系及地球动力学模式 总被引：31，自引：12，他引：31
讨论了中国中、新生代含油气盆地的成因类型、构造体系和地球动力学模式：（１）按照地球动力学背景，将中国中、新生代盆地划分成伸展、缩短挠曲和走滑３种成因类型；（２）提出了含油气盆地构造体系的概念，并按照盆地成因类型、板块构造背景和构造演化讨论了中、新生代含油气盆地构造体系的分布；（３）根据构造几何学、运动学和动力学、火山岩岩石地球化学、基底和岩石圈结构以及地温场等特征，建立了有关大陆内伸展盆地和前陆盆地的地球动力学模式。 相似文献
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Tectonics and petroleum potential of the underexplored East Arctic area have been investigated as part of an IPY (International Polar Year) project. The present-day scenery of the area began forming with opening of the Amerasia Ocean (Canada and Podvodnikov—Makarov Basins) in the Late Jurassic—Early Cretaceous and with Cretaceous—Cenozoic rifting related to spreading in the Eurasia Basin. The opening of oceans produced pull-apart and rift basins along continental slopes and shelves of the present-day Arctic fringing seas, which lie on a basement consisting of fragments of the Hyperborean craton and Early Paleozoic to Middle Cretaceous orogens. By analogy with basins of the Arctic and Atlantic passive margins, the Cretaceous—Cenozoic shelf and continental slope basins may be expected to have high petroleum potential, with oil and gas accumulations in their sediments and basement. 相似文献
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从松辽盆地的构造反转看中国东部盆地构造圈闭的形成 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对松辽盆地构造反转的分析，把该盆地构造反划分为３种类型：平面上分为４个反转向构造带，结合中国东部含油气盆地构造样式和演化机制，认为松辽盆地的构造反转不同局部现象，它代表了中国东部裂谷盆地演化的普遍模式，并与构造圈闭，油气藏的形成密切相关，中国东部盆地重要的构造反转４期；盆地内众多构造圈闭类型是多种地质应力联合作用和多期构造作用叠加的结果，而后期的挤压反转到了加剧和定型作用，中国东部燕山－喜山期 相似文献
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Fetheddine Melki Taher Zouaghi Mohamed Ben Chelbi Mourad Bédir Fouad Zargouni 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2010,342(9):741-753
The structural pattern, tectono-sedimentary framework and geodynamic evolution for Mesozoic and Cenozoic deep structures of the Gulf of Tunis (north-eastern Tunisia) are proposed using petroleum well data and a 2-D seismic interpretation. The structural system of the study area is marked by two sets of faults that control the Mesozoic subsidence and inversions during the Paleogene and Neogene times: (i) a NE-SW striking set associated with folds and faults, which have a reverse component; and (ii) a NW–SE striking set active during the Tertiary extension episodes and delineating grabens and subsiding synclines. In order to better characterize the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Gulf of Tunis structures, seismic data interpretations are compared to stratigraphic and structural data from wells and neighbouring outcrops. The Atlas and external Tell belonged to the southernmost Tethyan margin record a geodynamic evolution including: (i) rifting periods of subsidence and Tethyan oceanic accretions from Triassic until Early Cretaceous: we recognized high subsiding zones (Raja and Carthage domains), less subsiding zones (Gamart domain) and a completely emerged area (Raouad domain); (ii) compressive events during the Cenozoic with relaxation periods of the Oligocene-Aquitanian and Messinian-Early Pliocene. The NW–SE Late Eocene and Tortonian compressive events caused local inversions with sealed and eroded folded structures. During Middle to Late Miocene and Early Pliocene, we have identified depocentre structures corresponding to half-grabens and synclines in the Carthage and Karkouane domains. The north–south contractional events at the end of Early Pliocene and Late Pliocene periods are associated with significant inversion of subsidence and synsedimentary folded structures. Structuring and major tectonic events, recognized in the Gulf of Tunis, are linked to the common geodynamic evolution of the north African and western Mediterranean basins. 相似文献
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滇西新生代盆地与砂岩型铀矿成矿 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
滇西新生代盆地内蕴藏着丰富的铀资源,现已探明8个中、小型砂岩型铀矿床,是中国重要的砂岩型铀矿成矿带之一。本文在收集研究前人施工钻孔资料1200个,施工钻孔25个的基础上,编制岩性-岩相-地球化学剖面图66张,研究了滇西新生代盆地与砂岩型铀矿成矿。认为滇西地区存在2种类型的新生代盆地,其盆地沉积演化、火山活动、地貌景观等不同,砂岩型铀矿成矿条件亦存在差异,成矿的专属性体现在于盆地的差异性。砂岩型铀矿成矿最有利的是北部腾冲地区找矿目的层上覆地层发育了区域性隔水层、存在火山活动、深切割低山-丘陵-河谷阶地地貌的新生代盆地。 相似文献
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中亚地区与中国西部盆地类比及其油气勘探潜力 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
中国西部盆地和中亚某些含油气盆地在地质背景和石油地质条件等方面有一定的相似性,从盆地结构上看,中亚地区的盆地与中国西部盆地大多为具有不同构造属性的构造阶段,相互叠置的叠合盆地;从烃源岩发育特征来看,中下侏罗统的含煤岩系使中国西部与中亚地区烃源层有较好的可比性。勘探实践证明,无论在中亚还是在中国西部该含煤岩系是最重要的烃源层之一,但中国西部绝大多数盆地广泛发育古生界烃源岩,这无疑大大增强了中国西部盆地的生烃潜力。从储集岩特征来看,中亚地区含油气盆地以发育中—新生界储层为主,而中国西部大部分盆地不仅广泛分布中—新生界储层,具有发育古生界储集层的优势;从资源类型来看,中亚地区以天然气占有绝对优势,而中国西部除天然气外,石油资源也有良好的勘探前景。总的来看,中国西部的油气勘探潜力要优于中亚地区的大多数盆地。 相似文献
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中国新生界咸化湖相有机地球化学研究进展 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
在中国广泛分布着新生界咸化湖相沉积,它们具有独特的有机地球化学特征和油气生成条件。对近年来在有关中国新生界咸化湖相有机质的沉积特征、聚集和保存条件、分布状况、生油气条件以及生油岩和原油的地球化学特征等方面的研究进展进行了综合评述。 相似文献
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Endorheic or exorheic: differential isostatic effects of Cenozoic sediments on the elevations of the cratonic basins around the Tibetan Plateau 
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下载免费PDF全文 Based on isostasy, this paper elegantly explains the differential modern elevations of the large‐scale cratonic basins around the Tibetan Plateau. The Qaidam and Tarim basins are endorheic regions with thick Cenozoic deposits, and they uplifted dramatically during the Cenozoic. In contrast, the Sichuan basin is exorheic and most Cenozoic sediments flowed out of the basin; no visible Cenozoic uplift is observed. We suggest that whether a basin is endorheic or exorheic significantly influences its modern elevation, illustrating how exogenic geological processes impact endogenic geological processes. In addition, a new method of estimating paleoelevation is proposed, which predicts successively accelerating uplift of the Qaidam basin during the Cenozoic and provides good constraints on the geological evolution of the northern Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
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东海陆架盆地构造反转特征及成因机制探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过对东海陆架盆地各二级构造单元内反转构造的梳理与分析,认为盆内新生代反转构造以形态各异的背斜为主,伴有逆断层发育。主要存在瓯江运动(T80)、玉泉运动(T30)、花港运动(T20)和龙井运动(T12)4期构造反转,在时间和空间上具有明显的差异性。在时间演变上：西部坳陷带构造反转从瓯江运动(T80)到花港运动(T20)有相对减弱的趋势,龙井运动(T12)特征不明显;东部坳陷带构造反转从玉泉运动(T30)、花港运动(T20)到龙井运动(T12)有相对增强的趋势。在空间演变上：东部坳陷带西湖凹陷和钓北凹陷龙井运动(T12)构造反转具有显著的自北向南减弱的趋势。东海陆架盆地新生代构造反转强弱分布、迁移演化是太平洋板块与欧亚板块、印度板块与欧亚板块之间汇聚俯冲速率和方向的变化在盆内叠加的局部响应。 相似文献
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滇西可地浸砂岩型铀矿特征,成因类型及成矿模式 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
文阐述了滇西新生代盆地可地浸砂岩型铀矿的矿床特征,讨论了铀矿床的成因类型,认为属“潜水顺层氧化带型”铀矿床。根据铀矿床的形成机制,对滇西地区新生代盆地的砂岩型铀矿成矿模式进行了探讨。 相似文献
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新生代期间中国西部发生了多次强烈的构造运动, 经历了复杂的构造-地貌演化历史.地质构造背景和地球动力学过程则控制了中国西部大陆新生代期间的构造-地貌演化.盆-山系统是中国西部新生代构造的基本格局, 盆-岭体系是中国西部新生代的主要地貌单元.根据盆地的几何学、动力学与构造演化特征, 中国西部新生代盆地可以划分为压陷盆地、断陷盆地、走滑拉分盆地以及残留海-前陆盆地4类.这些新生代封闭盆地均被造山带所围限, 而盆地与山脉之间由挤压型活动断裂(逆冲断层和走滑断层)所分割.新生代以来印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞以及其后印度板块的向北俯冲挤压, 对中国西部新生代沉积盆地的发育和演化产生了重大影响.中国西部新生代盆地构造岩相古地理演化与板块运动和构造隆升之间存在明显的耦合. 相似文献
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塔里木盆地、柴达木盆地和四川盆地是环青藏高原盆山体系中最为重要的三大盆地,其新生代构造地貌演化引起了研究者的广泛关注。通过对这三大盆地的地貌形态、基底性质、流域属性等特征的对比研究,认为在相似的构造环境下,环青藏高原盆山体系大规模的成山与成盆具有一定的规律:塑性块体显著缩短增厚成山;刚性块体缩短量较小,地壳增厚不明显,因而呈现较为平坦的盆地。刚性地块的形状决定了环青藏高原大型盆地的形状,而相似的构造环境与基底性质使得盆地内部具有相似的构造地貌特征。值得注意的是,这些盆地主体部分垂向上新生代沉积的填充序列主要受控于盆地的流域属性与水动力条件,而受盆地水平应力状态所带来的影响相对较小。同时,盆地内的新生代沉积厚度与流域属性对盆地及其周缘地区的侵蚀基准面、海拔高度、边界断裂的发育都产生了显著的影响,提供了一个深、浅圈层之间相互作用的经典案例。 相似文献
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新生代挤压盆地是我国中-西部的重要油气勘探领域。根据挤压盆地的发育部位、盆地基底、充填层序、构造叠加和盆山耦合形式等条件,本文在我国中-西部识别出准(噶尔)西北缘型、四川盆地西缘型、柴(达木)北缘型和准(噶尔)南缘型等4种新生代挤压盆地,前两者发育海西晚期—印支期前陆盆地,后两者具有喜马拉雅造山期的再生前陆盆地特征。对准西北缘、四川盆地西缘、柴北缘和准南缘新生代挤压盆地的对比研究表明,它们在烃源岩、储盖组合等成藏条件上存在明显的差异,而晚期前陆发育对柴北缘型和准南缘型挤压盆地烃源岩演化具有明显的控制作用。在不同新生代挤压盆地典型油气藏解剖研究的基础上,认为燕山期及之前是准西北缘型和四川盆地西缘型挤压盆地主要的成藏期,喜马拉雅造山期则主要表现为准西北缘型挤压盆地的油气藏保存和四川盆地西缘型挤压盆地油气藏的调整和定型;喜马拉雅晚期是柴北缘型挤压盆地最主要的成藏期,而多期前陆盆地的准南缘型挤压盆地具有多期成藏的特征,但喜马拉雅晚期的油气成藏最为重要。 相似文献
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长江下游中生代岩浆活动与中新生代盆地 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
中生代期间，强烈的构造和岩浆活动改变了长江下游地区古生代以来的台地沉积体制和区域构造格局的发展。在大量岩浆侵入和喷出之后，产生了一系列岩浆期后的陆相盆地，这些盆地的形成和发展是岩浆斯后地壳均衡补偿作用的结果，盆地的形成和演化历史与岩浆活动存在着密切的联系。 相似文献