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海洋公园是海洋特别保护区的一种类型,海洋公园制度的建立就是要注重海洋资源的可持续开发利用,针对区域范围内自然条件、资源状况、开发现状、海洋经济发展需求等不同情况,建立生态型的开发利用模式,根据海洋生态状况及环境容量,动态调整生态旅游的目标、方向和强度,有效发挥生态旅游功能价值,真正实现生态旅游有度、有序的可持续开发利用。海南省海洋公园建设是《海南省国际旅游岛建设发展规划纲要》中关于海洋旅游的一项主要内容,海洋公园的建设对于保护海洋生态环境、促进海洋经济稳定增长、满足人们日益增长的物质需求和精神需求、提高人们自觉保护海洋的意识具有十分重要的意义,是实现人与自然和谐发展,推动海南省走上生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路的必然选择。 相似文献
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科学处理人-地关系、实现海岛保护与发展的平衡是重要的海岛研究课题。《全国海岛保护规划》明确提出在2020年形成以海岛生态旅游等特色产业为主的海岛经济协调发展格局。在生态与产业的融合过程中,出现产业生态化和生态产业化2种需求。对于生态资源优越的海岛而言,生态产业化是未来发展的主要方向,而海岛生态旅游就是海岛地区生态产业化的重要路径。文章考察鸟岛、克里特岛、海龟岛和博基萨岛等海岛生态旅游的国际范本,以我国三大国际旅游岛之一的平潭国际旅游岛为例,说明其生态旅游“工笔画”仍有待临描;以鸟类生态旅游点选划为示例,阐明平潭国际旅游岛观鸟点的选划方案;最后建议推动海岛生态经济示范区建设,并建立国际知名海岛生态旅游合作网络。 相似文献
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随着海洋强国战略的全面实施,海洋生态文明建设作为生态文明建设的重要组成部分已经上升为国家战略,绿色发展强调转变传统海洋经济发展方式,注重海洋资源保护和生态环境修复治理,是实现经济、社会、资源、环境协调发展的新型发展模式。海洋环境监测是认知海洋环境现状、保障海洋生态文明建设和海洋经济绿色发展的重要技术手段。文章论述了海洋生态文明和绿色发展的内涵,给出了海洋生态文明示范区(试验区)和海洋生态红线区两大海洋生态文明建设载体,重点论述了当前以海洋水质浮标、海洋水文气象浮标、波浪浮标、潮位站(验潮井)、高频地波雷达、Argo浮标等为主的海洋环境在线监测和海洋遥感监测技术手段。从构建"岸-海-岛""天空-海面-海底""点-线-面-层"立体化、全方位、实时监测系统,推进在线监测关键技术攻关及配套服务建设等方面进行了展望。 相似文献
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文章结合大连圆岛生态建设实验基地建设工作,对我国小型基岩海岛的特点、功能以及存在的主要生态问题进行系统论述,提出对其适用的生态岛礁建设策略,并在大连圆岛开展实践应用,可为解决我国北方小型基岩海岛长期积累的生态环境问题、提升其对海洋发展的服务功能提供理论和实践指导。研究表明,小型基岩海岛主要存在生态问题突出、自然资源利用不合理等问题,亟须采取明确海岛主体功能、做好生态资源详细调查、保护海岛典型生态资源、加强建设过程监管等策略,强化小型基岩海岛生态保护。 相似文献
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微型海岛概念的提出及其可持续发展研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
基于不同面积段有人海岛人口密度计算结果和国内外缺乏统一的岛屿面积分类方案的现状．同时结合中国的具体实际．将面积在0．0005～1km^2的海岛定义为微型海岛，首次提出了微型海岛的新概念。微型海岛面积微小、数量众多，属生态脆弱带，极容易遭到损害而造成严重的生态环境问题。因此，对微型海岛保护与开发模式的选择尤需慎重。本文提供了符合微型海岛环境、社会和经济可持续发展要求的概念框架，包括海洋号观保护、海洋牧场建设、生态农业、生态旅游、港口和海洋开发基地建设。 相似文献
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为促进浙江舟山群岛新区的高质量发展,文章分析其海岛的开发利用现状和重大战略使命,并提出海岛功能总体布局、功能分类导向和对策建议。研究结果表明：舟山群岛新区的海岛大多数以岛群形式集中分布,目前有居民海岛和部分无居民海岛被不同程度地开发利用,且存在发展差异大、保护力度不够、综合效益较低和战略承载能力不足等问题;基于宁波舟山一体化建设、浙沪自贸区建设、国际油气全产业链建设、海上花园城市建设和海洋生态文明示范窗口建设等重大战略使命,舟山群岛新区的海岛功能总体布局为“一城、两翼,两区”的发展新格局,同时分别建设综合开发利用岛、港口物流服务岛、临港工业制造岛、对外开放合作岛、海洋旅游服务岛、海洋绿色渔业岛和海洋生态保护岛;在主要海岛功能布局的基础上,未来舟山群岛新区应依法管控海岛开发、优化海岛空间规划、完善海岛生态保护、健全岛际交通链接、升级海岛防灾减灾和增强海岛整体智控。 相似文献
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随着人口的增加以及经济的发展,盐城海岸湿地资源利用变化不断加剧.在从时间变化和空间差异角度对盐城海岸湿地资源利用现状进行宏观分析的基础上,文章具体分析了湿地资源利用对水环境和生物多样性的生态效应.结果表明:水质不断恶化,生物多样性受到严重威胁,海岸湿地景观斑块数增加,平均斑块面积减小,破碎化程度加大.进而提出盐城海岸湿地资源可持续利用的生态优化方案,包括生态功能规划、生态产业规划、生态系统管理等措施,以此缓减由于不合理的开发利用对海岸湿地资源的压力,实现其良好状态的维持和海岸湿地资源的可持续利用. 相似文献
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海洋生态产品价值实现对推进海洋生态文明建设与海洋经济高质量发展具有重要意义。目前,海洋生态产品价值实现存在市场化程度不高、公众参与度低、实现不充分等问题。本文通过构建海洋生态产品价值实现参与主体（企业、政府和社会公众）的演化博弈模型,探究各方主体的策略稳定性规律,探讨三方博弈系统的均衡点及其稳定性,并运用Matlab仿真分析不同参数变化对系统演化的影响,最后依据博弈分析结果为探索“政府＋市场”的海洋生态产品价值实现路径提供对策建议。结果表明,政府是海洋生态产品价值实现的引导者与推动者,管控成本和社会收益是影响其策略选择的主要因素,加强政府的奖惩力度、增加企业提供海洋生态产品的潜在收益、降低供给成本对企业参与海洋生态产品价值实现具有正向作用,社会公众购买海洋生态产品所获效用的提升与监督成本的减少有利于促进社会公众参与海洋生态产品价值实现。 相似文献
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Marine social-ecological systems are complex, inter-connected, and highly dynamic, in particular when forced with global changes. However, their human social components are often treated separately from their biophysical components, and by different scientific disciplines. To help bridge these gaps, and to explore conceptual, comparative, and governance issues relating to marine social-ecological systems and global change, an international symposium was held on “Coping with global change in marine social-ecological systems”. This short paper provides an introduction to this topic, and briefly describes nine papers which arose from this symposium and which comprise this special issue of Marine Policy. It is concluded that good progress is being made towards studying marine social and ecological systems as coupled systems, but that many issues remain to challenge natural scientists, social scientists, and humanists to work together. These include incorporating multi-stakeholder participation, the need for a long-term perspective, and development of flexible livelihood and governance strategies. 相似文献
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海洋生态产品价值实现作为一项系统性、复杂性战略工程，尚处于实践初期阶段，明确其关键影响因素，对于建立健全海洋生态产品价值实现机制具有重要意义。文章在厘清海洋生态产品价值实现机理与影响因素的基础上，构建海洋生态产品价值实现影响因素指标体系，运用DEMATEL-ISM方法建模分析各因素的相互影响程度、因果性质以及影响因素多层递阶结构，并采用MICMAC方法划分各影响因素属性，进而依据建模结果提出推进海洋生态产品价值实现的综合性建议。结果表明，海洋生态产品价值认知、资本投入、生态产业化、消费意愿、市场交易平台构建、激励机制与政策支持、利益相关者参与度与生态保护补偿机制是关键因素；海洋生态产品价值实现影响因素的多层递阶结构为4个层级，其中海洋生态产品价值认知与生态保护补偿机制作为独立因素位于最深层L4，市场交易平台构建作为依赖因素位于中心层L2。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2015
Marine protected areas are promoted as a resource management tool for balancing ecological integrity with economic activity. However, MPAs frequently fail to achieve integrated, substantive outcomes. Participation failure is a common symptom of implementation failure. MPA experts often conclude that the remedy, in part, lies in better communication, with the implicit assumption that participation and communication are conjoined or synonymous. In this paper, the geography of communication in marine environments is analyzed as distinct from participation. It is argued that the logistical challenges of communicating in marine time and space must be taken into account beginning with the pre-implementation stage of an MPA; this requires recognition and analysis of the political nuances of whose space, whose time, and whose terms for communication. Research in Wakatobi National Park in Indonesia determined that marine managers and local communities have divergent experiences of participation, prompting three insights. First, the timing of public consultations must accommodate the variable rhythms of life in fishing communities in order to ensure broad representation. Second, co-presence in fishers’ space is critical for effective communication of marine knowledge and management strategies. Third, the deployment of ‘participation time’ by decision-makers communicates the value – or lack thereof – they place on fishing people and collaboration. The constructivist spatial analysis of communication presented here provides a model for MPA decision-makers and managers to identify, overcome and mobilize communication geographies that affect participation in sustainable development. 相似文献
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为有效应对我国海洋环境污染和提高海洋环境治理现代化水平,文章以辽宁为例,在生态命运共同体理念的指导下分析海洋环境治理现状及其存在的问题,基于信息融合技术建立海洋环境合作治理机制并提出对策建议。研究结果表明：加强海洋环境治理是海洋经济高质量和可持续发展的重要保障,目前亟待解决的突出问题主要包括陆海联动和多元主体参与机制不... 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2014
During the implementation process of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), Member States are expected to cooperate and coordinate at the regional sea level as wells as arrange stakeholder involvement. However, the MSFD does not specify any governing structures to do so. The aim of this paper is to address these key challenges of the MSFD by developing four governance models for regional cooperation and assess their impact on governance performance. The four models are based on the building blocks of stakeholder involvement (low or high) and decision-making power (binding or non-binding decisions): (1) Cross-border platforms; (2) Regional Sea Convention-PLUS; (3) Advisory Alliance and (4) Regional Sea Assembly. Secondly, the paper will do an ex ante assessment on how the alternative models will have an impact on governance performance. The assessment criteria for governance performance are: (a) costs to set up and run a model; (b) capacity to cooperate; (c) policy coordination; (d) institutional ambiguity; and (e) implementation drift. In addition to this assessment of the performance based on expert judgement (i.e. scientists of WP7 of the ODEMM project), 4 roundtable discussions have been undertaken in which stakeholders from the four regional seas did an assessment of the four models. The main conclusion is that increasing stakeholder participation, a much desired development in regional organisation of marine management as expressed by the stakeholder community, will increase the costs of the policy making process. If stakeholder participation is not embedded in a wider institutional setting in which the participation of stakeholders is directly related to the policy process and the degree to which decisions taken are binding, the increase of costs does not lead to a more smoothly running model. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2014
The SAF (Systems Approach Framework) encompasses the ecological, social and economic components of coastal zones and aims to establish a permanent dialogue between scientists, stakeholders and policy makers working within European coastal zones for developing effective ICZM (Integrated Coastal Zone Management). The objective of the present study is to test the application of the SAF for defining eutrophication management options in the Ria Formosa, Portugal. Stakeholders were identified and the issue of eutrophication was agreed upon. Having defined the virtual system, the conceptual model of the Ria Formosa was developed. The formulation of the conceptual model into a mathematical model representing the ecological, social and economic components of the system is then discussed. The linking variable of the three components within the simulation model, as well as the scenarios to be run are then explored. The role of scientists as facilitators within the deliberation process is discussed, and a format by which the final output package could be disseminated is suggested. This case study demonstrates how the SAF could successfully be applied to the management of eutrophication in the Ria Formosa. It also suggests ways in which this approach may be adapted to address unique coastal systems with specific system characteristics. 相似文献
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海洋浮游生态系统连续介质动力学模型的建立 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
运用质点、连续介质和状态变量等观点来描述海洋浮游生态系统,根据生物生命运动、生化反应、水动力学和物质守恒等基本规律,建立海洋浮游生态系统动力学的模型方程。推广地球流体力学的湍流二阶闭合理论,建立实用的雷诺平均生态系统动力学模型方程及其二阶相关项的闭合模型方程,将生态动力学状态变量的湍扩散参数化。本文还讨论了该模型与通常的N-P-Z-D模型的关系,提出了其适用范围。 相似文献