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1.
高效液相色谱法检测水产品中的孔雀石绿和结晶紫 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
样品中的孔雀石绿、结晶紫经试剂盒提取,浓缩后用经固相萃取柱净化、硼氢化钾还原、反向色谱柱分离,使用荧光检测器检测,孔雀石绿、结晶紫的加标回收率在76.1%～92.5%之间,相对标准偏差1.9%～5.8%,检出限均为0.5μg/kg。结果表明:该方法检测孔雀石绿(MG)、结晶紫(GV)处理简单,灵敏度高,节省时间,可用于大量样品的快速分析。 相似文献
2.
the effects of recombinant eel growth hormone (reGH), methyltestosterone (MT) and L-thyroxine (T4) on the growth of red sea
bream,Pagrosomus major, were investigated. Administration of reGH to fry by immersion at 2 mg/1 for 2 h every 5 days resulted in significant increase
in both weight and length, but the condition factor (CF) diminished relative to that of similarly treated controls over the
37 day treatment period. Immersion in 0.1 mg/l T4 also resulted in significant increase in both weight and length and higher
survival rate of test fry compared to the controls. Immersion in MT had less effect on growth and high-dose resulted in high
mortality. In the second study, injection of 2 μg reGH/(g·wk) caused a significant increase in the specific growth rate (SGR)
of test red sea bream fingerlings relative to that of the controls during the 4—week treatment period and maintained the increasing
trend over the post-treatment period (weeks 4–6). Injection of MT at a dosage of 1μg/(g·wk) resulted in a significant increase
in SGR during the 4—week treatment period. Intramuscular injection of 0.1 μg T4/(g·wk) also resulted in a significant increase
in weight. Injection of high-doses of MT and T4 inhibited growth and resulted in darkening skin, bulging eyes and thinning
body. In muscle chemical composition, the treated groups had no significant differences compared to the controls, but the
high-dose MT and T4 groups showed significant increases in lipid content. Potential practical methods for hormone application
in fish culture are discussed. 相似文献
3.
Pacific saury(Cololabis saira)is usually sold as whole fish in wholesale markets,or in its gutted form which is easy for consumers to cook in retail markets.In order to assess the effect of gutting on the shelf life of Pacific saury during refrigerated storage and reveal the microbial community,fish samples grouped into(I)whole fish and(II)gutted fish were analyzed periodically for sensory,biochemical and microbiological characteristics,and high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the microbiota.Results showed that the sensory score for the gutted fish became unacceptable on day 8,while the whole fish score remained acceptable for 10 days.The total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N)value of the gutted fish reached 30 mg N(100 g)^-1 on day 6,while that of the whole samples surpassed 30 mg N(100 g)^-1 on day 10.The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)value of the gutted fish got close to 5.0 mg kg^-1 on day 10,while that of the whole samples surpassed 5.0 mg kg^-1 on day 14.The aerobic plate colony counts(APCs)for the gutted and whole Pacific saury reached 7.0 log10 CFUg^-1 on days 6 and 10,respectively.Organoleptic,biochemical and microbiological analyses revealed that shelf-lives should be 6–8 days for gutted fish and 10 days for whole fish.Microbiota analysis results showed that gutting partly changed the initial microbiota,but didn't alter the dominant bacteria during storage.When the fish were spoiled,high proportion of Pseudomonadaceae was detected in both groups. 相似文献
4.
复方新诺明在罗氏沼虾中的药代动力学和组织分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了单剂量肌肉注射给药[甲氧苄氨嘧啶(SMZ)0 60 mg/kg]、口灌给药[磺胺甲基异噁唑(SMZ)100 mg/kg]和复方口灌给药(SMZ 100 mg/kg和TMP 20 mg/kg)三种给药方式下,SMZ和TMP在罗氏沼虾中的代谢动力学,分析了SMZ和TMP血淋巴、肌肉和肝胰腺中的分布特征。结果表明,SMZ以肌肉注射方式给药后的血淋巴中,药物经时浓度曲线符合二室开放房室模型,而SMZ&TMP口灌给药后却不能用房室模型拟合。肌注给药后,SMZ的消除半衰期(t1/2β)为24.92 h,单方和复方口灌给药后SMZ的消除半衰期(t1/2β)分别为40.70和47.197 h。复方口灌给药后TMP的消除半衰期(t1/2β)为28.77 h,TMP对SMZ的药代动力学并无显著影响。口灌给药后,SMZ和TMP在肝胰腺中的药物浓度高于同时间肌肉中的药物浓度,但肌肉和肝胰腺中的SMZ消除速度基本一致。 相似文献
5.
矿区地裂缝精准识别对防灾、减灾和生态环境修复具有重要意义。针对高分辨率无人机影像较难自动精确提取地裂缝的问题,本文提出了一种基于改进主动轮廓模型的无人机影像矿区地裂缝提取方法。首先,采用Otsu算法计算背景和地裂缝初值作为先验知识;其次,构建背景和地裂缝初值的提取能量函数,并引入到传统CV主动轮廓模型,增强地裂缝提取的针对性;最后,通过轮廓的不断演化实现地裂缝的提取。以内蒙古扎赉诺尔矿区为研究区、无人机影像为数据源,采用改进主动轮廓模型方法进行地裂缝提取,并与传统的Canny边缘检测算法、支持向量机（SVM）、最大似然（MLM）和传统CV主动轮廓模型方法进行对比分析。结果表明：在地物类型较为单一的小范围区域,传统的Canny边缘检测算法和传统CV主动轮廓模型提取效果较差,改进主动轮廓模型、SVM和MLM共3种方法均可以取得较好的效果,其中,改进主动轮廓模型方法精度最高;在地物类型相对复杂的大范围区域,传统的Canny边缘检测算法、SVM、MLM和传统CV主动轮廓模型方法存在较多的漏提和误提,Kappa系数均低于0.7,而本文改进主动轮廓方法依然可以取得较好的效果,Kappa系数达到0.9左右。因此,本文提出的方法通过引入先验知识可有效提高地裂缝提取的精度和稳定性。 相似文献
6.
注射氟苯尼考对红笛鲷免疫指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以0、5、10、20 mg.kg-1的氟苯尼考腹腔注射红笛鲷,研究氟苯尼考在国家规定的使用范围内对红笛鲷血清部分免疫指标的影响。结果显示:5 mg.kg-1组氟苯尼考对所测的各项指标无影响或影响不显著;10 mg.kg-1组中氟苯尼考对红笛鲷血清SOD活力、AKP活力有显著性提高(P<0.05),对溶菌酶的含量、IgM的含量无显著性影响;20 mg.kg-1组中红笛鲷血清碱性磷酸酶AKP、超氧化物歧化酶SOD活力、溶菌酶、抗体IgM均受到显著性抑制(P<0.05),但影响持续时间不同,这表明高浓度氟苯尼考显著抑制红笛鲷各项免疫指标,从而影响到鱼体自身的免疫功能。 相似文献
7.
Biochemical response of the mussel Mytilus coruscus (Mytiloida: Mytilidae) exposed to in vivo sub-lethal copper concentrations 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Many aquatic organisms are negatively affected by exposure to high copper concentrations.We investigated the biochemical response of the mussel Mytilus coruscus(Mytiloida:Mytilidae) to copper exposure.In vivo bioassays using M.coruscus and different copper concentrations were conducted.The activity of six biomarkers,namely superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),acid phosphatase(ACP),alkaline phosphatase(AKP),glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT) were measured.Survival rates decreased with increased copper concentrations and exposure times.The LC50 values at 48,72,and 96 h exposure were 0.48,0.37,and 0.32 mg/L,respectively.Within digestive glands,CAT activity increased with increasing Cu concentrations.The activity of AKP showed no significant change,while the remaining four enzymes showed decreasing activity with increasing Cu concentrations.Within the gills,AKP activity increased when the Cu concentration was 0.05 mg/L,but showed no significant changes at higher concentrations.Activity of CAT and ACP within gills tended to decrease with increasing Cu concentration.The activity of SOD and GPT decreased at an exposure concentration of 0.2 mg/L.GOT activity within gills decreased at 0.1 mg/L and increased at an exposure concentration of 0.2 mg/L.Within the adductor muscle,AKP activity increased at 0.05 mg/L but did not change at higher exposure concentrations.ACP activity within adductor muscle tissue showed no change,while activities of CAT,GOT and GPT decreased with increasing Cu concentrations.SOD activity within the adductor muscle tissue significantly decreased at the 0.02,0.05 and 0.2 mg/L exposure concentrations.Our results show tissue specific differences for the six biomarkers in for M.coruscus.Our findings provide the basis for the establishment of reference activity levels against which biomarker changes can be estimated,and are essential preliminary steps in development of in vivo bioassays. 相似文献
8.
The persistence of malachite green (MG), and its metabolite leucomalachite green (LMG), in fish tissues is still unclear, leading to many trade disputes. In this research, we established and evaluated an HPLC method that could detect MG and LMG simultaneously, and then investigated the persistence of these two toxins in the tissues of juvenile perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) post sub-chronic MG exposure at 1.0 mg/L. Exposure lasted for 2 h everyday and was repeated six times. The perch were then placed in MG-free seawater for 100 d to eliminate the toxins. Results show that MG accumulated in the tissues, including the gills, liver, muscle, blood and viscera, and then was metabolized rapidly to LMG. The concentrations of these two toxins increased significantly with the accumulation process. In general, the highest concentrations of MG and LMG in all tissue exceeded 1 000 μg/kg, except for MG in the muscle. The order of accumulation levels (highest to lowest) of MG was gill>blood>liver>viscera>muscle, while that of LMG was liver>blood>gill>viscera>muscle. High levels of MG or LMG could persist for several hours but decreased rapidly during the elimination process. The concentration of LMG was much higher than that of MG during the experiment, especially in the gill, liver and blood. Therefore, the three tissues play important roles in toxin accumulation, biotransformation, and elimination. Although the MG and LMG concentrations in muscle were much lower than in other tissues, the content still exceeded the European minimum required performance limit (MRPL), even after 2 400 h (100 d) of elimination. This demonstrates that it is extremely difficult to eliminate MG and LMG from tissues of perch, and therefore use of these toxins is of concern to public health. 相似文献
9.
建立一种以DABS-Cl为柱前衍生剂,利用反相高效液相色谱测定对虾肌肉中18种游离氨基酸的方法。结果表明,在50 min内18种氨基酸得到完全分离,各氨基酸相关系数均大于0.997,氨基酸的回收率在86.60%~107.27%之间(胱氨酸除外),方法的检出限为0.18~0.66 mg/L,相对标准偏差为3.53%~8.51%(天冬氨酸除外)。 相似文献
10.
DABS—C1柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定对虾肌肉中18种游离氨基酸 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立一种以DABS-Cl为柱前衍生剂，利用反相高效液相色谱测定对虾肌肉中18种游离氨基酸的方法。结果表明，在50min内18种氨基酸得到完全分离，各氨基酸相关系数均大于0．997，氨基酸的回收率在86．60%-107．27％之间（胱氨酸除外），方法的检出限为0．18~o．66mg／L，相对标准偏差为3．53％-8．51％（天冬氨酸除外）。 相似文献
11.
【目的】研究丁香酚在斜带髭鲷(Hapalogenys nitens)体内的代谢特点。【方法】通过麻醉效果实验确定适宜的麻醉浓度;于15、25℃水温条件下,将斜带髭鲷在适宜浓度的丁香酚溶液中药浴麻醉8 h,转入海水中复苏;采用GC-MS/MS法测定在麻醉和复苏过程鱼体血浆、肌肉、肝脏中丁香酚浓度,依欧洲药品管理局的动物可食用组织休药期指南计算休药期。【结果与结论】用于麻醉运输斜带髭鲷的丁香酚适宜质量浓度为7.5 mg/L。药浴温度为15℃时,血浆、肌肉、肝脏达峰时间(tmax)分别为2.0、3.0、5.0 h,达峰浓度(Cmax)分别为9.82、37.58、160.07 mg/kg;药浴温度为25℃时,血浆、肌肉、肝脏tmax分别为1.5、2.0、5.0 h,Cmax分别为12.75、46.80、185.20 mg/kg。在复苏过程中,鱼体丁香酚消除符合二室模型。15℃条件下,血浆、肌肉、肝脏中丁香酚平均驻留时间MRT(0-t)分别为6.464、4.001、6.670 h;25℃条件下,MRT(0-t)分别为6.076、3.756、5.791 h。丁香酚休药期为3 d。【结论】丁香酚在斜带髭鲷体内蓄积和消除速度快,经长时间丁香酚麻醉,丁香酚在鱼体内保持长时间低浓度存在。 相似文献
12.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,(3)
Di-octyl phthalate(DOP) is widely used as a plasticizer in the plastics industry.As a result,DOP is often found in marine water ecosystems where many species are exposed to it.Our objective was to evaluate the effect of long-term(14 d) DOP exposure(2.6,7.8,or 31.2 mg/L) on the expression of immunerelated genes in Tegillarca granosa.The expression of small heat shock protein(sHSPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP) were highest in clams exposed to 31.2 mg/L DOP on days 7 and 14.The relative expression of Tg-ferritin,superoxide dismutase(SOD),and metallothionein(MT) increased initially then decreased as the concentration of DOP increased.The hemoglobin of T.granosa(Tg-Hb I) exhibited two distinct expression patterns at two time points.Our results suggest that the immune response of T.granosa against DOP pollution varies depending on the dose.Additionally,we identified some immune-related genes that are promising candidates for biomarkers of DOP. 相似文献
13.
Edwardsiella tarda has become one of the most important emerging pathogens in aquaculture industry.Therefore,a rapid,reproducible,and sensitive method for detection and quantification of this pathogen is needed urgently.To achieve this purpose,we developed a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay for detection and quantification of E.tarda.The assay targets the hemolysin activator HlyB domain protein of E.tarda.Our optimized TaqMan assay is capable of detecting as little as 40 fg of genomic DNA per reaction.A standard curve was generated from the threshold cycle values(y) against log10(E.tarda genomic DNA concentration) as x.The intra-and inter-assay coefficient of variation(CV) values were less than 2.06% and 1.05% respectively,indicating that the assay had good reproducibility.This method is highly specific to E.tarda strains,as it shows no cross-reactivity to Edwardsiella ictaluri,a member of the same genus,or to nine other fish-pathogenic bacteria species belonging to three other genera.This sensitive and specific real-time PCR assay provides a valuable tool for diagnostic quantitation of E.tarda in clinical samples. 相似文献
14.
15.
吕庆芳 《广东海洋大学学报》2003,23(4):57-61
以粉蕉的吸芽为试材 ,进行了离体快速繁殖研究 ,结果表明 :以改良MS +BA4 .0mg/L(单位下同 ) +AD5.0 +NAA0 .1作诱导培养基 ,外植体褐变率低 ,芽的诱导率高 ,且芽的生长良好 ;以改良MS +BA3- 6 +NAA0 .1为继代培养基 ,可以获得较高的不定芽增殖率 ,在增殖过程中 ,给予一定的低温处理和变化调整BA的用量 ,可以保持较高的增殖率 (2 .6倍以上 ) ,而且芽的长势好 ;生根培养以 1/ 2MS +IBA1.0 +NAA0 .2 +AC1为宜。 相似文献
16.
A new kinetic spectrophotometric method is developed for the measurement of manganese (Ⅱ) in water. The method is based on the catalytic effect of manganese (Ⅱ) with the oxidation of weak acid brilliant blue dye (RAWL) by KIO4 using the Nitrilo triacetic acid (NTA) as an activation reagent. The optimum conditions obtained are 40mgL-1 RAWL, 1×10-4molL-1 KIO4, 2×10-4molL-1 Nitrilo triacetic acid (NTA), pH = 5.8, the reaction time of 3.00 min and the temperature of 20.0 ℃. Under the optimum con-ditions, the proposed method allows the measurement of manganese (Ⅱ) in a range of 0-50.0ngmL-1 and with a detection limit of down to 0.158 ng mL-1. The recovery efficiency in measuring the standard manganese (Ⅱ) solution is in a range of 98.5%-102%, and the RSD is in a range of 0.76%-1.25%. The new method has been successfully applied to the measurement of manganese (Ⅱ) in both fresh water and seawater samples with satisfying results. Moreover, few cations and anions interfere with the measurement of man-ganese (Ⅱ). Compared with other kinetic catalytic methods and instrumental methods, the proposed method shows fairly good selec-tivity and sensitivity, low cost, cheapness, low detection limit and rapidity. It can be applied on boats easily. 相似文献
17.
气象变量常作为重要的影响因子出现在环境污染、疾病健康和农业等领域,而高分辨率的气象资料可作为众多研究的基础数据,对推进相关研究的发展意义重大。本文以中国大陆为研究区域,利用2015年824个气象站点的气温、相对湿度和风速3套数据,结合不同的解释变量组合,分别构建了各自的GAM和残差自编码器神经网络（简称残差网络）模型,以10倍交叉验证判断模型是否过拟合。研究结果表明：① GAM和残差网络方法都不存在过拟合问题,同GAM相比,残差网络显著提高了模型预测的精度（3个气象因素的交叉验证CV R2平均提高了0.21,CV RMSE平均降低了37%）,其中相对湿度模型的提升幅度最大（CV R2:0.85 vs. 0.52,CV RMSE:7.53% vs. 13.59%）;② 残差模型的结果较普通克里格插值结果和再分析资料更接近站点观测数据,表明残差网络可作为高分辨率气象数据研制的可靠方法。此外,研究还发现在相对湿度模型中加入臭氧浓度和气温、在风速模型中加入GLDAS风速再分析资料,可提升模型的性能。 相似文献
18.
HAO Cui HAO Jiejie WANG Wei LI Guangsheng ZENG Yangyang WANG Peipei ZHAO Xia YU Guangli 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,10(4)
Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease and its prevalence is increasing in many countries year by year.More than 90% of diabetes patients are type 2 diabetes,which is caused by insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction.In this paper,the oligomannuronate-chromium(III)complex(OM2)was prepared and its effect and mechanism on attenuating insulin resistance in diabetic C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were studied.The results indicated that oral intake of OM2(50 mg kg-1d-1)for 42 d decreased blood glucose... 相似文献
19.
Di-octyl phthalate (DOP) is widely used as a plasticizer in the plastics industry. As a result, DOP is often found in marine water ecosystems where many species are exposed to it. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of long-term (14 d) DOP exposure (2.6, 7.8, or 31.2 mg/L) on the expression of immunerelated genes in Tegillarca granosa. The expression of small heat shock protein (sHSPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) were highest in clams exposed to 31.2 mg/L DOP on days 7 and 14. The relative expression of Tg-ferritin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and metallothionein (MT) increased initially then decreased as the concentration of DOP increased. The hemoglobin of T. granosa (Tg-HbI) exhibited two distinct expression patterns at two time points. Our results suggest that the immune response of T. granosa against DOP pollution varies depending on the dose. Additionally, we identified some immune-related genes that are promising candidates for biomarkers of DOP. 相似文献
20.
Standard FISH protocols using fluorochrome-labeled oligonucteotide probes have been successfully applied for in situ detection.However,optimized protocols of FISH for specific eukaryotes in marine environments are often not developed.This study optimized the conditions of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) by using two polar isolated microalgae.The modified conditions were as follows: (1) 10 mg·mL-1 lysozyme solution pretreatment at 37℃ for 30 min;(2) the hybridization buffer including 20% formamide;(3) the hybridization condition was 47℃ for 6 h. The cells enumerated by FISH were compared with those enumerated by flow eytometry (FCM) and DAPI to confirm the cell loss and hybridization efficiency.The optimized protocol was also successfully applied to Arctic Ocean samples,which were found to be dominated by Micromonas sp.The modified protocol showed a high relative efficiency and could be successfully applied for the detection of specific microbial eukaryotes in environmental samples. 相似文献